DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Em304 VOL. 3 No.0206 First Class Certificate for EIA Issued by SEBA World Bank Loan Project Public Disclosure Authorized Zhumadian-Xinvang Expressway of Jing-Zhu National Trunk Road Public Disclosure Authorized Statement of Environmental Impact Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized SNNED FILE CtPY 1 | F(,I | aeSp<L_ FILE to,'aipIa,'Pmme or #) NrvCrGFT' ESWCo/Ho Aa1r. Itoc Environmental Protection Center Public Disclosure Authorized Ministrv of Communications November, 1999 Compiler EnvironmentalProtection Center Ministry of Communication(EPC) Director of EPC Mr.Gao Jie TechniqueExaminer : Mr.Lao hui Project team Leader Ms. Liu ying Project Team Member: Mr. Wang Dongwei Mr. Zhang wei Mr. Li yong Ms. Yu Chenyu Mr. Yang Shouyu Ms. Li Qiuxiang Source of Monitor Data: Henan Zhumadian Environmental monitor station Henan Xinyang Environmental monitor Station List of Report Written by Examined by Final Report Ms. Liu ying Mr. Lao hui Social Enviromental Impact Mr. Li yong Mr. Song guozhen Ecological and Water Mr. WangDongwei Mr. Liu zhigui Noise Enviroment Impact Mr. Zhang wei Mr.Liu zhigui Environment Impact Mr. Yang Shouyu Mr. Lao hui Air Enviroment Impact Ms. Yu Chenyu Mr. Song guozhen A Foreword The EIA work for the World Bank loan project of Zhumadian-Xinyang (95.15 km) expressway of Jing-Zhu (Beijing-Zhuhai) national trunk- road, undertaken by the Environmental Protection Center of the Ministry of Communications (EPC of MOC) is an important part of the trunk road construction. The Jing-Zhu national trunk road starting in the north from capital Beijing, via five provinces of Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong, and ending at Zhuhai, is one of the highway corridor in north-south direction with high capacity. The trunk road passes through eight cities in Henan province, i.e. Anyang, Hebi, Xinxiang, Zhenzhou, Xuchang, Leihe, Zhumadian and Xinyang, with total length about 525.56 km, which will be constructed by sections of seven projects. So far four projects of "Anyang-Xinxiang, Zhenzhou-Xinzhen, Xinzhen-Xuchang, Xuchang-Leihe" have been completed, with total length open to traffic about 271.86 kmn, accounting for 51.73% of the total mileage in Henan province. The Zhumadian-Xinyancg expressway of Jing-Zhu national trunk road starts in the north from the end point of Leihe-Zhumadian expressway of Jing-Zhu national trunk road going to be built, with its alignment along with the eastern side of Jing-Guang (Beijing-Guangzhou) railway southwards, via Queshan, Minggang, Xinyang, Segang and Jiuliguan, and ends at the border line between Henan and Hubai, with a total length of 132.99 km. The proposed road project in an integrated part of the Jing-Zhu national trunk road, which ill be of great significance in promotion of the economic development of Henan province and the neighbouring areas, improvement of the investment environment and development of local tourism resources. Total investment of the road project is estimated at CNY3,470 million. According to the "Law of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China", the "Regulations Concerning Environmental Protection for Construction Project", and the "Measures Concerning Environmental Protection Management for Communications Construction Project", an EIA should be conducted for the road project. At the end of January 1999, it is decided, by Henan Provincial Communications Department in consultation with the W'orld Baank, that the 132.99 km road of Zhumadian-Xinyang be divided into two projects: i.e. the first 95.15 krn as the World Bank loan project, and the rest 37. knmas domestic project. Entrusted by the Planning Division of the Henan Provincial Communications Department (HPCD), Environmental Protection Center of the Ministry of Communications undertook the EIA wvorkfor the Construction Project at the end of 1998. On the basis of the "Pre-feasibility Study Report" and the "Engineering I Feasibility Study Report" for the road project completed b) the Henan Provincial Communications Survey and Design Institute (HPCSDI) in October 1997 and September 1998 respectively, the EPC of MOC made detailed survey and investigation along the road area at the end of 1998 and the beginning of 1999 respectively, with lots of relevant materials having been collected; in January 1999, the project leader and experts from the EPC of MOC and the experts from the World Bank discussed some of the issues conceming the road project; on the basis of which the "EIA Terms of Reference for ZhumaLdian-Xinyang Expressway of Jing-Zhu National Trunk Road" was completed by' the EPC of MOC in January 1999 and passed through the examination and acceptance in the expert meeting organized by the EIA center of the State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) in February 1999. On 26 Mach 1999 a written reply was given by the SEPA concerning the terms of reference of the EIA for the road project. As the third highway project with the W\orld Bank loan in Henan province, great importance were attached to the road project by the World Bank experts, who did on- site survey together with the experts from China on some of the important road sections, with detailed requirements being set forth for the EIA work based on the survey in April 1999. In accordance with the requirements and the provisions as specified in the environrmental protection regulations and based on the on-site survev, current status environmental monitoring and the public participation investigation, the Statement of the EIA for the road project \vas comllpiled. We finished the first draft on May 1999.After several revision according to the contents from the environmental expert of world bank, we completed the last draft on November 1999. The EIA working group wvouldlike to express their grateful acknowledgments of assistance from the following: SEPA. EPO of MOC. the experts from the World Bank, HPCD, HEPB, and the environmental monitoring station. 2 CONTENTS 1. General Introduction I 1.1 Outline of the project I 1.2 Purpose I 1.3 Laws and documents as the basis of the EIA statement I 1.4 Assessment procedures 2 1.5 Classification and scope of the EIA 4 1.6 Standards used in the EIA 4 1.7 Assessment method 6 1.8 Assessment time horizon 6 1.9 Assessment content and the highlights 7 1.10 Protection targets 8 2. Engineering Brief and Environmental Impact Analysis 9 2.1 Engineering brief 9 2.2 Analysis of the environmental impact caused by the road project 15 2.3 Analysis of the pollution caused by the road project 16 3. Assessment of Current Environmental Conditions 17 3.1 Outline of the natural environmental conditions 17 3.2 Outline of societal environment 19 3.3 Assessment of current status of ecological environment 22 3.4 Current status and assessment of acoustic environment 29 3.5 Current status and assessment of the ambient air quality 32 4. Prediction and Analysis of the Environmental Impact 34 4.1 Societal and economic impact assessment 34 4.2 Analysis of ecological environmental impact 39 4.3 Forecast and assessment of the impact on surface water environment 45 4.4 Forecast and assessment of the impact on ambient air quality 48 4.5 Forecast and assessment of the noise impact 56 i S. Comparison of Alternative Schemes 65 5.1 Comparison between the situations with and without the expressway project 65 5.2 Altemative scheme A 66 5.3 Comparison in terms of engineering factor 66 5.4 Comparison in terms of environrmental factor 67 5.5 Conclusion of the comparisons 68 6. Environmental Protection Measures 69 6.1 Environmental protection measures in design period 69 6.2 Environmental protection measures in the construction period 70 6.3 Environrmental protection measures in the operation period 79 7. Cost-Benefit Analysis 83 7.1 Cost-benefit analysis for the road engineering project 83 7.2 Environmental protection investment and cost-benefit analvsis 91 8. Environmental Management and Monitoring plan 92 8.1 Environmental management plan 92 8.2 Environmental monitoring plan 100 9. Public Participation 104 9.1 Public participation survey 104 9.2 Statisties results of the public participation survey 105 9.3 Summary of the public opinion survey meetings 106 9.4 The public opinion and the response to the opinion 108 10. Conclusions of the EIA 109 10.1 Selection of the road alignment 109 10.2 Societal environmental impact 109 10.3 Ecological environrmental impact 109 10.4 Surface water environmental impact 110 10.5 Ambient air impact 110 10.6 Acoustic environmental impact IlI 10.7 Assessment conclusions 111 ii 1. General Introduction 1.1 Outline of the project The Jing-Zhu (Beijing-Zhuhai) national trunk road is one of the "five lateral and seven longitudinal" backbones planned by the Ministry of Communications (MOC). The Henan Provincial Communications Survey and Design Institute (HPCSDI) undertook the pre-feasibility study of the road section of Jing-Zhu national trunk road in Henan province in 1989 and completed the "Feasibility Study Report for the Road Section of Jing-Zhu National Trunk Road" in August 1992. Construction of the first road section of expressway of Zhenzhou-Xinxiang commenced in 1992. and so far four road section projects have been accomplished with total length open to traffic up to 271.86km, accounting for 51.7% of the overall road section in Henan province. The Zhumadian-Xinyang expressway is the last project of the road section in Henan province. The HPCSDI undertook the pre-feasibilitv study of the road section of Zhumadian-Xinyang of the Jing-Zhu national trunk road in 1998 and completed the "Feasibility Study Report for the Road Section of Zhumadian-Xinvang of the Jing-Zhu National Trunk Road" in September 1998. At the moment the preliminary design of the road project is underway and it has been taken as the third road project financed with the World Bank loan.
Recommended publications
  • MISSION in CENTRAL CHINA

    MISSION in CENTRAL CHINA

    MISSION in CENTRAL CHINA A SHORT HISTORY of P.I.M.E. INSTITUTE in HENAN and SHAANXI Ticozzi Sergio, Hong Kong 2014 1 (on the cover) The Delegates of the 3rd PIME General Assembly (Hong Kong, 15/2 -7/3, 1934) Standing from left: Sitting from left: Fr. Luigi Chessa, Delegate of Kaifeng Msgr. Domenico Grassi, Superior of Bezwada Fr. Michele Lucci, Delegate of Weihui Bp. Enrico Valtorta, Vicar ap. of Hong Kong Fr. Giuseppe Lombardi, Delegate of Bp. Flaminio Belotti, Vicar ap. of Nanyang Hanzhong Bp. Dionigi Vismara, Bishop of Hyderabad Fr. Ugo Sordo, Delegate of Nanyang Bp. Vittorio E. Sagrada, Vicar ap. of Toungoo Fr. Sperandio Villa, China Superior regional Bp. Giuseppe N. Tacconi, Vicar ap. of Kaifeng Fr. Giovanni Piatti, Procurator general Bp. Martino Chiolino, Vicar ap. of Weihui Fr. Paolo Manna, Superior general Bp. Giovanni B. Anselmo, Bishop of Dinajpur Fr. Isidoro Pagani, Delegate of Italy Bp. Erminio Bonetta, Prefect ap. of Kengtung Fr. Paolo Pastori, Delegate of Italy Fr. Giovanni B. Tragella, assistant general Fr. Luigi Risso, Vicar general Fr. Umberto Colli, superior regional of India Fr. Alfredo Lanfranconi, Delegate of Toungoo Fr. Clemente Vismara, Delegate ofKengtung Fr. Valentino Belgeri, Delegate of Dinajpur Fr. Antonio Riganti, Delegate of Hong Kong 2 INDEX: 1 1. Destination: Henan (1869-1881) 25 2. Division of the Henan Vicariate and the Boxers’ Uprising (1881-1901) 49 3. Henan Missions through revolutions and changes (1902-1924) 79 4. Henan Vicariates and the country’s trials (1924-1946) 125 5. Henan Dioceses under the
  • Resettlement Monitoring and Assessment Plan 16 Pages I General

    Resettlement Monitoring and Assessment Plan 16 Pages I General

    RP- 31 VOL. 4 Public Disclosure Authorized Heran 1I Higtiway Pricject Migrant Settlement Plan of Zhumadian-Xin3Tang Expresswa3y Public Disclosure Authorized (The FouiLtiRevision) Public Disclosure Authorized Henan Provincial CommunicationsDepartment November 1999 Public Disclosure Authorized A Table of Contents G e n e ra l ...................................... .... ..... I 1. Basic Situation of the Project. .. ...... -. b6 ]. Description of the Project and Its Ma'or Purpose. ...2 2. Regions Affected and Benefited by the Project .......... 3. Social and EconomicalBackground of the Regions Affected By the Project......... - .2-3 4. Measures Taken to MinimumMigrants ........ .............. 3-4 5. EconomicalAnd TechnicalFeasibility Study ............ 4 6. The Preliminary Design and ConstructionDesign ....... A4........ 7. Ownershipand OrganizationalStructure of the Project. 4 8. Social and EconomicalSurvev. 45 9. Preparationof the Migrant SettlementPlan. 56 10. ImplementationProgram Regarding Project Preparation, Contract Signingand Construction/Supervision. 6 11. Permission of Land Utilization,Resettlement and Construction . , 6 12. UnfavorableInfluence Appeared after Implementation... ....................... 6 II. Influence Exerted by This Project 8.1I 1. Land Requisition .8 2. BuildingAffected . 9 3. People Affected.............. 9-10 4. Infrastructure Facilities Affected . - 10 5. Temporary Occupancy of Land, ........................10 6. Loss of Crops 10 7. Loss of Other Properties .. I 8. Influence to the VulnerableGroups. I 111.Laws
  • Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China

    Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China

    Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers.
  • E- 304 Bz21vk,4X=Vol

    E- 304 Bz21vk,4X=Vol

    E- 304 BZ21VK,4X=VOL. 8 CLASS OF EM CERTIFICATE CLASS,A EIA CERTIFICATENO A0948 Public Disclosure Authorized HNNHGlGWfAY PROJECTUM INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTALACTION PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized AccE(CO/ SCNNE IECP FL C/Ih/Pr hl%eor #) LaNCrGtR'T ESW Co~'Pg Aon i'wC Public Disclosure Authorized HENAN INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION November, 1999 l CLASSOF EIA CERTIFICATE: CLASS A EIA CERTIFICATENO.: A 0948 HENAN HIGHWAY PROJECT ITI I HIGIWAY NETWORK UPGRADING PROECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN HENAN INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION November, 1999 HENANHIGHWAY PROJECT HI HIGHWAYNETWORK UPGRADINGPROJECT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN I Prepared by: Henan Institute of Environment Protection Director: Meng Xilin Executive Vice Director: Shi Wei (Senior Engineer) J Executive Vice Chief Engineer: Huang Yuan (Senior Engineer) EIA Team Leader: HuangYuan (EIA License No. 006) Principal Engineer: Shao Fengshou (EIA License NO. 007) EIA Team Vice Leader: Zhong Songlin (EIA License No. 03509) Task Manager: Yi Jun (EIA License No. 050) Participants: Yi Jun (EIA License No. 050 Wang Pinlei (EIA License No. 03511) Fan Dongxiao (Engineer) IJ TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PROJECT BRIEF ......................................................... 1 1.1 Project Components and Descriptions ..................................................1 1.2 Project Features ......................................................... 3 1.3 Project Schedule
  • EIB-Funded Rare, High-Quality Timber Forest Sustainability Project Non

    EIB-Funded Rare, High-Quality Timber Forest Sustainability Project Non

    EIB-funded Rare, High-quality Timber Forest Sustainability Project Non-technical Summary of Environmental Impact Assessment State Forestry Administration December 2013 1 Contents 1、Source of contents ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2、Background information ................................................................... 1 3、Project objectives ................................................................................ 1 4、Project description ............................................................................. 1 4.1 Project site ...................................................................................... 1 4.2 Scope of project .............................................................................. 2 4.3 Project lifecyle .............................................................................. 2 4.4 Alternatives .................................................................................... 3 5、 Factors affecting environment ...................................................... 3 5.1 Positive environmental impacts of the project ............................ 3 5.2 Without-project environment impacts ........................................ 3 5.3 Potential negative envrionmnetal impacts ..................................... 3 5.4 Negative impact mitigation measures ............................................ 4 6、 Environmental monitoring .............................................................. 5 6.1 Environmental monitoring during project implementation ..........
  • Of the Chinese Bronze

    Of the Chinese Bronze

    READ ONLY/NO DOWNLOAD Ar chaeolo gy of the Archaeology of the Chinese Bronze Age is a synthesis of recent Chinese archaeological work on the second millennium BCE—the period Ch associated with China’s first dynasties and East Asia’s first “states.” With a inese focus on early China’s great metropolitan centers in the Central Plains Archaeology and their hinterlands, this work attempts to contextualize them within Br their wider zones of interaction from the Yangtze to the edge of the onze of the Chinese Bronze Age Mongolian steppe, and from the Yellow Sea to the Tibetan plateau and the Gansu corridor. Analyzing the complexity of early Chinese culture Ag From Erlitou to Anyang history, and the variety and development of its urban formations, e Roderick Campbell explores East Asia’s divergent developmental paths and re-examines its deep past to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of China’s Early Bronze Age. Campbell On the front cover: Zun in the shape of a water buffalo, Huadong Tomb 54 ( image courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Institute for Archaeology). MONOGRAPH 79 COTSEN INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY PRESS Roderick B. Campbell READ ONLY/NO DOWNLOAD Archaeology of the Chinese Bronze Age From Erlitou to Anyang Roderick B. Campbell READ ONLY/NO DOWNLOAD Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press Monographs Contributions in Field Research and Current Issues in Archaeological Method and Theory Monograph 78 Monograph 77 Monograph 76 Visions of Tiwanaku Advances in Titicaca Basin The Dead Tell Tales Alexei Vranich and Charles Archaeology–2 María Cecilia Lozada and Stanish (eds.) Alexei Vranich and Abigail R.
  • Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level

    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level

    Table of Codes for Each Court of Each Level Corresponding Type Chinese Court Region Court Name Administrative Name Code Code Area Supreme People’s Court 最高人民法院 最高法 Higher People's Court of 北京市高级人民 Beijing 京 110000 1 Beijing Municipality 法院 Municipality No. 1 Intermediate People's 北京市第一中级 京 01 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Shijingshan Shijingshan District People’s 北京市石景山区 京 0107 110107 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Haidian District of Haidian District People’s 北京市海淀区人 京 0108 110108 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Mentougou Mentougou District People’s 北京市门头沟区 京 0109 110109 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Municipality Changping Changping District People’s 北京市昌平区人 京 0114 110114 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Yanqing County People’s 延庆县人民法院 京 0229 110229 Yanqing County 1 Court No. 2 Intermediate People's 北京市第二中级 京 02 2 Court of Beijing Municipality 人民法院 Dongcheng Dongcheng District People’s 北京市东城区人 京 0101 110101 District of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Xicheng District Xicheng District People’s 北京市西城区人 京 0102 110102 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Fengtai District of Fengtai District People’s 北京市丰台区人 京 0106 110106 Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality 1 Fangshan District Fangshan District People’s 北京市房山区人 京 0111 110111 of Beijing 1 Court of Beijing Municipality 民法院 Municipality Daxing District of Daxing District People’s 北京市大兴区人 京 0115

  • Henan WLAN Area

    Henan WLAN area NO. SSID Location_Name Location_Type Location_Address City Province Xuchang College East Campus Ningyuan Dormitory Building No.1, Jinglu 1 ChinaNet School No.88 Bayi Road, Xuchang City ,Henan Province Xuchang City Henan Province Dormitory Building No.1,4,5 2 ChinaNet Henan University Student Apartment School Jinming Road North Section, Kaifeng City, Henan Province Kaifeng City Henan Province North of 500 Meters West Intersection between Jianshe Road and Muye Road 3 ChinaNet Henan Province, Xinxiang City, Henan Normal University Old campus School Xinxiang City Henan Province ,Xinxiang City, Henan Province Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University Dormitory Building 4 ChinaNet School Intersection between Sanquan Road and Suoling Road Zhengzhou City Henan Province 1# Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University Dormitory Building 5 ChinaNet School Intersection between Sanquan Road and Suoling Road Zhengzhou City Henan Province 2# Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University Dormitory Building 6 ChinaNet School Intersection between Sanquan Road and Suoling Road Zhengzhou City Henan Province 5# Zhengzhou Railway Vocational Technology College Tieying Street 7 ChinaNet School Tieying Street ,Erqi District, Zhengzhou City Zhengzhou City Henan Province Campus Dormitory Building No.4 8 ChinaNet Henan Industry and Trade Vocational College Dormitory Building No.3 School No.1,Jianshe Road,Longhu Town Zhengzhou City Henan Province Zhengzhou Broadcasting Movie and Television College Administration 9 ChinaNet School
  • Addition of Clopidogrel to Aspirin in 45 852 Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

    Addition of Clopidogrel to Aspirin in 45 852 Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

    Articles Addition of clopidogrel to aspirin in 45 852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group* Summary Background Despite improvements in the emergency treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), early mortality and Lancet 2005; 366: 1607–21 morbidity remain high. The antiplatelet agent clopidogrel adds to the benefit of aspirin in acute coronary See Comment page 1587 syndromes without ST-segment elevation, but its effects in patients with ST-elevation MI were unclear. *Collaborators and participating hospitals listed at end of paper Methods 45 852 patients admitted to 1250 hospitals within 24 h of suspected acute MI onset were randomly Correspondence to: allocated clopidogrel 75 mg daily (n=22 961) or matching placebo (n=22 891) in addition to aspirin 162 mg daily. Dr Zhengming Chen, Clinical Trial 93% had ST-segment elevation or bundle branch block, and 7% had ST-segment depression. Treatment was to Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Richard Doll continue until discharge or up to 4 weeks in hospital (mean 15 days in survivors) and 93% of patients completed Building, Old Road Campus, it. The two prespecified co-primary outcomes were: (1) the composite of death, reinfarction, or stroke; and Oxford OX3 7LF, UK (2) death from any cause during the scheduled treatment period. Comparisons were by intention to treat, and [email protected] used the log-rank method. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00222573. or Dr Lixin Jiang, Fuwai Hospital, Findings Allocation to clopidogrel produced a highly significant 9% (95% CI 3–14) proportional reduction in death, Beijing 100037, P R China [email protected] reinfarction, or stroke (2121 [9·2%] clopidogrel vs 2310 [10·1%] placebo; p=0·002), corresponding to nine (SE 3) fewer events per 1000 patients treated for about 2 weeks.
  • The Secretary of the 19Th Expert Committee on the Selection And

    The Secretary of the 19Th Expert Committee on the Selection And

    The Secretary of the 19th Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines Medicine Access and Rational Use (MAR) Department of Essential Medicine and Health Products World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 SWITZERLAND E-mail: [email protected] January 28, 2013 A Joint Support Letter Signed by ITPC-China and Its Member NGOs for the MSF Application for Inclusion of Pegylated Interferon on the WHO EML Dear Sir or Madam: ITPC-China is a national activist and NGO coalition on advocacy for people with HIV, TB and viral hepatitis. The Coalition hereby supports the application for the inclusion of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) alfa 2a 2b on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML). In China, there are approximately 10 million people living with HCV. However, according to the Annual National Infectious Disease Reporting Incidence and Mortality Statistics published by the Chinese Ministry of Health, newly reported cases of HCV have shown a double digital growth between 2007 and 2011. Very few Chinese receive treatment for HCV, as the cost is prohibitively high. While the overall HCV infection rate in China is relatively low, the total number of people needing treatment is still high, and the rate of co-infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is alarming. Among an estimated 780,000 PLHIV in China1, injecting drug users (IDU) account for 28.4% and former plasma donors and former contaminated blood or blood product recipients account for 6.6%.A recent survey of HIV-1 positive injection drug uses (IDU), former paid blood donors (FBD)2 and sexually transmitted cases from multiple provinces including the four most affected provinces in China found that IDU and FBD have extremely high rates of HCV infection (97% and 93%, respectively).
  • Application of a Hybrid ARIMA–SVR Model Based on the SPI for the Forecast of Drought—A Case Study in Henan Province, China

    Application of a Hybrid ARIMA–SVR Model Based on the SPI for the Forecast of Drought—A Case Study in Henan Province, China

    JULY 2020 X U E T A L . 1239 Application of a Hybrid ARIMA–SVR Model Based on the SPI for the Forecast of Drought—A Case Study in Henan Province, China DEHE XU College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China QI ZHANG College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China YAN DING AND HUIPING HUANG College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China (Manuscript received 6 November 2019, in final form 29 March 2020) ABSTRACT Drought forecasts could effectively reduce the risk of drought. Data-driven models are suitable forecast tools because of their minimal information requirements. The motivation for this study is that because most data-driven models, such as autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, can capture linear relationships but cannot capture nonlinear relationships they are insufficient for long-term predic- tion. The hybrid ARIMA–support vector regression (SVR) model proposed in this paper is based on the advantages of a linear model and a nonlinear model. The multiscale standard precipitation indices (SPI: SPI1, SPI3, SPI6, and SPI12) were forecast and compared using the ARIMA model and the hybrid ARIMA–SVR model. The performance of all models was compared using measures of persistence, such as the coefficient of determination, root-mean-square error, mean absolute error, Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient, and kriging interpolation method in the ArcGIS software. The results show that the prediction accuracies of the multiscale SPI of the combined ARIMA–SVR model and the single ARIMA model were related to the time scale of the index, and they gradually increase with an increase in time scale.
  • Laogai Handbook 劳改手册 2007-2008

    Laogai Handbook 劳改手册 2007-2008

    L A O G A I HANDBOOK 劳 改 手 册 2007 – 2008 The Laogai Research Foundation Washington, DC 2008 The Laogai Research Foundation, founded in 1992, is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization [501 (c) (3)] incorporated in the District of Columbia, USA. The Foundation’s purpose is to gather information on the Chinese Laogai - the most extensive system of forced labor camps in the world today – and disseminate this information to journalists, human rights activists, government officials and the general public. Directors: Harry Wu, Jeffrey Fiedler, Tienchi Martin-Liao LRF Board: Harry Wu, Jeffrey Fiedler, Tienchi Martin-Liao, Lodi Gyari Laogai Handbook 劳改手册 2007-2008 Copyright © The Laogai Research Foundation (LRF) All Rights Reserved. The Laogai Research Foundation 1109 M St. NW Washington, DC 20005 Tel: (202) 408-8300 / 8301 Fax: (202) 408-8302 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.laogai.org ISBN 978-1-931550-25-3 Published by The Laogai Research Foundation, October 2008 Printed in Hong Kong US $35.00 Our Statement We have no right to forget those deprived of freedom and 我们没有权利忘却劳改营中失去自由及生命的人。 life in the Laogai. 我们在寻求真理, 希望这类残暴及非人道的行为早日 We are seeking the truth, with the hope that such horrible 消除并且永不再现。 and inhumane practices will soon cease to exist and will never recur. 在中国，民主与劳改不可能并存。 In China, democracy and the Laogai are incompatible. THE LAOGAI RESEARCH FOUNDATION Table of Contents Code Page Code Page Preface 前言 ...............................................................…1 23 Shandong Province 山东省.............................................. 377 Introduction 概述 .........................................................…4 24 Shanghai Municipality 上海市 .......................................... 407 Laogai Terms and Abbreviations 25 Shanxi Province 山西省 ................................................... 423 劳改单位及缩写............................................................28 26 Sichuan Province 四川省 ................................................