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Biografía D'flndrzej Ulajda

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Biografía D'flndrzej Ulajda 26 Biografía d'flndrzej Ulajda onsiderat el director po­ lonés mes seminal, respon­ sable de liderar F'escola polonesa" de direcció, re- conegut després del desgel polític de 1956. BIO­ GRAFÍA DE L'ENCI- CLOPÉDIA DEL CINEMA DE LEONARD MALTIN. Un deis directors mes impor- tants de l'Europa de l'Est i del món, Wajda ha narrat els canvis polítics i socials de la seva Polonia natal amb sensibilitat i passió. Wajda es va unir a la resistencia polonesa quan era només un ado- lescent durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, després va estudiar pin­ Zbingniew Cybulski tura i,eventualment, va assistir a l'Escola Estatal de Cinema de Lodz. Va fer d'assistent del veterá director polonés Aleksander Ford • abans de rodar la seva primera peblícula, Ageneration (1954), so­ bre la resistencia polonesa. A aquesta, va seguir Kanal (1956) i Ashes and diamonds (1958), que conformen una remarcable trilogia sobre els efectes de la Segona Gue­ rra Mundial a Polonia, i que li do­ naren reconeixament internacio­ nal. També varen convertir en es­ trella factor Zbigniew Cybulski, el James Dean polonés, que va morir el 1967 i va esdevenir focus de la posterior peblícula de Wajda, Everything for sale (1968). Ashes and diamonds també li va propor­ cionar el seu primer xoc amb el go- Man of iron va guanyar la Palma d'Or a Cannes i va ser nominada als Oscar a la niillor peblícula en llengua no anglesa, però per culpa de la caiguda del govern polonés, Wajda va haver d'anar a Franga a rodar la seva segiìent obra, Danton (1982), vern polonés, que va retardar l'ex- ralelisme amb la situaciö polftica (episodi "Milosc dwudziestolat hibició del film per descriure Tas- de la seva terra natal. ków") sassinat d'un secretarl comarcal Durant eis anys posteriors, Samson (1961/1) comunista. Wajda va haver d'enfrontar-se a les Sibirska Ledi Magbet (1961) Wajda va continuar gitant una mesures restrictives del govern, Niewinni czarodzieje (1960) mirada crítica sobre la futilitat de fins i tot a la dissoluciö del seu pro- Lotna (1959) la guerra a Lotna (1959), i sobre la pi grup de cinéma, STUDIO X, Popiól i diament (1958) joventut contemporánia a The in­ l'any 1983, i va continuât fent Kanal (1957) nocent sorcerers (1960), també re­ pel.licules com A love in Germany [de do slonca (1955) tardada per les autoritats governa- (1984) i The possessed (19S7) abans Pokolenic (1955) mentals i amb llicéncia d'exhibi- dels darrers canvis polftics dels Kiedv tv spisz (1952) ció limitada. païssos del Bloc de l'Est. El 1989, Geramika ilzecka (1951) Després de l'adaptació de la no­ Wajda fou elegit candidat per So­ Zlv Chlopie (1950) vela russa Siberian Lady Macbeth lidarität al Parlament Polonès. (1962), Wajda va examinar la inu- tilitat de la batalla a films histo­ Director-filmografia Filmografia com a escriptor ries zom Ashes (1965), Gates of pa­ radise (1967), i Landscape after bat­ Wyrok na Franciszka Klosa Wyrok na Franciszka klosa tle (1970). (2000) (TV) (2000) TV També va dirigir molts telefilms Pan Tadeusz (1999) Pan Tadeusz (1999) i obres de teatre - sobretot d'au- Panna Nikt (1996) Wielki tydzien (1995) tors estrangers - durant els anys 60 Wielki tydzien (1995) Nastasja (1994) i 70, incloent-hi la internacional- Nastasja (1994) Pierscionek z orlem w koronie ment lloada The possessed, que va Pierscionek z orlem w koronie (1993) representar a Yale el 1974. (1993) Possédés, Les (1988) Durant els anys 70, Wajda va Korczak (1990) Kronika wypadkôw milosnych portar un número notable d'obres Français vus par..., Les (1988) (1986) literaries a la pantalla, com The (TV) Liebe in Deutschland, Eine birch wood (1970), The wedding Possédés, Les (1988) (1983) (1972), Land of promise (1975) i Kronika wypadkôw milosnych Danton (1982) The young ladies of Wilko (1979). (1986) Bez znieczulenia (1979) També va dirigir l'inimitable John Liebe in Deutschland, Eine Zaproszenic do wnetrza (1978) Gielgud a The orchestra conductor (1983) Smuga cienia (1976) (1980). Danton (1982) Ziemia obiecana (1974) Va guanyar la seva gran fama Czlowiek z zelaza (1981) Brzezina (1970) amb les peflícules Man of marble "Z biegiem lat, z biegiem dni..." Krajobraz po bitwie (1970) (1976) i Man of iron (1981), un (1980) TV Séries Wszystko na sprzedaz (1969) examen épic del xoc entre l'indivi- 'Pogoda domu niechaj bedzie z Vrata raja (1967) du i Testat a la Polonia de la post­ Toba...' (1979) Samson (1961/1) guerra, que Wajda havia volgut di­ Bez znieczulenia (1979) Lotna (1959) rigir durant anys. Man of marble Dyrygent (1979) Popiól i diament (1958) tracta dels esforgos d'una jove di­ Panny z Wilka (1979) Trzy opowiesci (1953) rectora per treure l'entrellat de la Zaproszenic do wnetrza (1978) Zly chlopiec (1950) vida d'un heroi treballador caigut Czlowiek z marmuru (1977) en desgracia els anys 50. Man of Umarla klasa (1977) (TV) Actor - filmografia iron ens descobreix la directora ca­ Smuga cienia (1976) sada amb el fill del treballador es- Ziemia obiccana (1974) In the Shadow of I lollywood mentat i segueix el naixament del Pilatus und andere - ein Film für (2000) .... ell mateix moviment polonés Solidarität. Karfreitag (1972) (TV) Bez znieczulenia (1979) Man of iron va guanyar la Palma Wesele (1972) d'Or a Cannes i va ser nominada Brzezina (1970) Assistent Director ais Oscar a la millor peblícula en Krajobraz po bitwie (1970) llengua no anglesa, pero per culpa Polowanie na muchy (1969) Piatka zulicy Barskicj (1954) • de la caiguda del govern polonés, Wszystko na sprzedaz (1969) Wajda va haver d'anar a Franga a Przekladaniec (1968) (TV) rodar la seva següent obra, Dan­ Vrata raja (1967) ton (1982), que va protagonitzar Popioly (1966) Gerard Depardieu i que fa un pa- Amour à vingt ans, L' (1962) .
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