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Impact of Terrorist Attacks on Tourist Arrivals: Received: 01-04-2021 Accepted: 03-05-2021 Evidence from Sri Lanka
International Journal of Tourism and Hotel Management 2021; 3(2): 01-08 E-ISSN: 2706-9591 P-ISSN: 2706-9583 IJTHM 2021; 3(2): 01-08 Impact of terrorist attacks on tourist arrivals: Received: 01-04-2021 Accepted: 03-05-2021 Evidence from Sri Lanka Priyanga Dunusinghe Department of Economics, Priyanga Dunusinghe and BMPK Beligahawaththa University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka Abstract BMPK Beligahawaththa Sri Lanka is a one of the leading tourist destinations in the world. The successive governments took Department of Economics, various policy measures to develop the tourism industry despite the facing a 30-year long civil war. University of Colombo, The end of the war in 2009 was seen as an opportunity to unleash the potential of the sector. Colombo, Sri Lanka Nevertheless, the Easter Sunday terrorist attack casts doubt on to what extent Sri Lanka will be able to make use of the sector for her socio-economic development. In the context of the above attack, this study expect to examine the impact of terrorist attacks on the tourism industry. The study make use of secondary data extracted from national statistical agencies. Our findings clearly indicate that tourism industry suffered a lot following terrorist attacks. It was found that tourist arrivals and tourism receipt were lower by around 20 per cent in a year which witnessed terrorist attacks compared to a normal year. Similarly, in the short-run, employment in the industry declined by around 11 per cent following a major terrorist attack on civilian target. The findings suggest that it is high time to enhance the capacities for the security establishments to minimize the risks pose by various terrorist organizations. -
Environmental Assessment and Management Framework (EAMF)
Environmental Assessment & Management Framework - SCDP 33333333Environmental Assessment and Public Disclosure Authorized Management Framework Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development January 2016 January, 2016 Page 1 Environmental Assessment & Management Framework - SCDP Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................1 1.1 Project concept & objective ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description ..................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Objective of the Environmental Assessment and Management Framework (EAMF) ........................................................................................................................ 2 CHAPTER 2: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .............4 2.1 Overview of Environmental Legislation ................................................................ 4 2.2 Detail Review of Key Environmental and Urban Services Related Legislation 5 2.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies .............................................................................. 16 2.4 World Heritage Convention ................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AREA ............................................22 -
Long Term Medical Support for Children in Sri Lanka
1 Long Term Medical Support for Children in Sri Lanka Date: November 5th, 2014 Prepared by: Stephney Minerva Fernando I. Demographic Information 1.City & Province: Hambantota District & Matara District in South Sri Lanka 2. Organization: Real Medicine Foundation Sri Lanka – www.realmedicinefoundation.org 3. Project Title: Long Term Medical Support 4. Reporting Period: July 1st – September 30th, 2014 5. Project Location (region & city/town/village): Southern Region of Hambantota District & Matara District, the towns of Tangalle, Embilipitiya, Bandarawela & Matara, and the villages of Seenimodara, Moraketi-Ara, Welimada, Angunukolpelessa & Kamburugamuwa 6. Target Population: 5 Children Name Region District Town Village 1. Madumekala Ubeywarna Southern Region Hambantota Tangalle Seenimodara 2. Gayan Madushanka Southern Region Hambantota Embilipitiya Angunukolapelessa 3. Fazeer Ahamed Southern Region Badulla Bandarawela Welimada 4. Madura Madushanka Southern Region Matara Matara Kamburugamuwa 5. Tharindu Hasanga Southern Region Hambantota Tangalle Moraketi-Ara II. Project Information 7. Project Goal: Provide long-term medical support and treatment to children suffering from congenital health conditions affecting Growth Hormone production and cholesterol modulation. 8. Project Objectives: To coordinate and manage the system which delivers treatment to the children, provides medical consultations and ensures patient compliance to treatment protocols to optimize the children’s chances for growth and maximum health benefits. 9. Summary of RMF-sponsored activities carried out during the reporting period under each project objective (note Any changes from original plans):- • Organized and held 3 monthly meetings for the months of July, August and September. • Information was collected from the children about their treatment & progress at the monthly meetings. • Traveling expenses and nutritious food packages were also provided for the children and their families. -
Projects Summary
PROJECTS SUMMARY NATIONAL PHYSICAL PLANNING POLICY AND PLAN 2010-2030 National Physical Planning Department 5th Floor Sethsiripaya, Battaramulla Sri Lanka Te: (011) 2872046 / 2872047 Fax: (011) 2872061 / 2872056 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.nppd.gov.lk Ministry of Construction, Engineering Services, Housing and Common Amenities i ii Project List approved on the 13th of January 2011 by the National Physical Planning Council chaired by His Excellency the President based on the National Physical Planning Policy & Plan approved on the 3rd of July 2007 i ii Message of His Excellency Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka “The objective of our next massive leap forward is to transform Sri Lanka into a strategically important economic centre of the world. My determination therefore, is to transform Sri Lanka to be the Pearl of the Asian Silk Route once again. I will take steps to develop our country as a naval, aviation, commercial, trade and knowledge hub as a key link between the East and the West using our excellent strategic geographical location effectively.” Mahinda Chintana – A Brighter Future iii Message of Hon. Wimal Weerawansa, Minister of Construction, Engineering Services, Housing and Common Amenities After the approval of National Physical Planning Projects Report by the National Physical Planning Council chaired by His Excellency the President, prepared by the National Physical Planning Department coming under my Ministry, the publication of a National Physical Planning Projects Summary Report embodying these approved projects is a significant occasion. The primary objective of this is to provide an accelerated economic development for the Sri Lankan community with a structure fittingly linked with modern eco friendly rural and urban sectors by means of large scale projects identified through physical policy and plan. -
Preliminary Investigation on Weligama Coconut Leaf Wilt Disease: a New Disease in Southern Sri Lanka
Preliminary Investigation on Weligama Coconut Leaf Wilt Disease: A New Disease in Southern Sri Lanka H.T.R. Wijesekara*, L. Perera, I.R. Wickramananda, I. Herath, M.K. Meegahakumbura, W.B.S. Fernando and P.H.P.R. de Silva, Coconut Research Institute, Bandirippuwa Estate, Lunuwila 61150. * corresponding author, email: [email protected] ABSTRACT An unusual yellowing of leaflets in coconut palms in the Galle, Hambantota and Matara districts in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka was observed in late 2006. The symptoms associated with affected palms are flattening and downward bending of leaflets, yellowing of lower fronds followed by drying of leaflets starting from the margins. Symptoms resemble that of Kerala wilt disease in India. This condition was first reported from Weligama in Matara district and, hence called the "Weligama Coconut Leaf Wilt Disease" (WCLWD). Analysis of nutrients N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaflets of affected and healthy palms revealed that, yellowing of leaflets has no relationship with nutrients. DNA extracts of bud leaves subjected to Nested PCR with phytoplasma specific primer pair combinations R16F2n / R16R2 with rU3 / fU5 and R16mF2 /R16R2 with fU5 /rU3 yielded an amplification of 773 base pair product in 3 of 24 palms tested. Sequencing of the PCR product confirmed phytoplasma as the causative agent of WCLWD. The sequence of the WCLWD was compared with the phytoplasma sequences deposited in the NCBI database and WCLWD sequence was found to be 98% similar to sugarcane grassy shoot phytoplasma and sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma. Apart from WCLWD, another fungal disease of coconut leaf rot disease was also observed in the same locations, sometimes in the same palm. -
Sri Lanka Dambulla • Sigiriya • Matale • Kandy • Bentota • Galle • Colombo
SRI LANKA DAMBULLA • SIGIRIYA • MATALE • KANDY • BENTOTA • GALLE • COLOMBO 8 Days - Pre-Designed Journey 2018 Prices Travel Experience by private car with guide Starts: Colombo Ends: Colombo Inclusions: Highlights: Prices Per Person, Double Occupancy: • All transfers and sightseeing excursions by • Climb the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, called the private car and driver “8th wonder of the world” • Your own private expert local guides • Explore Minneriya National Park, dedicated $2,495.00 • Accommodations as shown to preserving Sri Lanka’s wildlife • Meals as indicated in the itinerary • Enjoy a spice tour in Matale • Witness a Cultural Dance Show in Kandy • Tour the colonial Dutch architecture in Galle & Colombo • See the famous Gangarama Buddhist Temple DAY 1 Colombo / Negombo, SRI LANKA Jetwing Beach On arrival in Colombo, you are transferred to your resort hotel in the relaxing coast town of Negombo. DAYS 2 & 3 • Meals: B Dambulla / Sigiriya Heritage Kandalama Discover the Dambulla Caves Rock Temple, dating back to the 1st century BC. In Sigiriya, climb the famed historic 5th century Sigiriya Rock Fortress, called the “8th wonder of the world”. Visit the age-old city of Polonnaruwa, and the Minneriya National Park - A wildlife sanctuary, the park is dry season feeding ground for the regional elephant population. DAY 4 • Meals: B Matale / Kandy Cinnamon Citadel Stop in Matale to enjoy an aromatic garden tour and taste its world-famous spices such as vanilla and cinnamon. Stay in the Hill Country capital of Kandy, the last stronghold of Sinhala kings and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Explore the city’s holy Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, Gem Museum, Kandy Bazaar, and the Royal Botanical Gardens. -
Midwifery in Sri Lanka
A fruit seller with her baby in Sri Lanka Midwifery and Childcare in Sri Lanka 15 – 29 September 2019 With Galle Extension 29 September – 2 October 2019 2 nights Colombo • 3 nights Habarana • 3 nights Trincomalee • 3 nights Kandy • 2 nights Nuwara Eliya • 1 night Colombo “We did a lot of varied things and I thank you for showing the beautiful country of Sri Lanka to me in such depth. I loved it.” Elizabeth Ivill, Midwifery and Childcare in Sri Lanka, 2016 Herds of wild elephants at Minneriya National Park Welcome to Sri Lanka, a small island crammed The following morning visit the Rainbow Centre full of treasures, including eight UNESCO and learn about their work providing education World Heritage Sites. See mystical ruins, and welfare to disadvantaged children. Later jungles, gleaming white tropical beaches, drive to Habarana in the ancient cultural heart national parks with huge herds of elephants, of the island, stopping en route at the elephant vivid green mountains and mouth-watering orphanage in Pinnawala. Check into Sigiriya cuisine. Its seas are home to dolphins, turtles Village Hotel and relax in the lovely gardens. and the world’s largest colony of blue whales. Early the next morning head out to the On this study tour you will travel from the legendary sky citadel of Sigiriya, possibly the colonial capital, Colombo, to the ancient most spectacular site in Sri Lanka. Climb up in cultural heartland of the island, through the cool of morning for dramatic views. Built in jungles to the coast at Trincomalee and into the 5th century on top of a vast 200m granite lush highlands. -
An Archaeological Survey of Tsunami Affected Historic Structures in the Municipality of Galle, Sri Lanka
ICOMOS Sri Lanka Preliminary Survey of Tsunami-affected Monuments and Sites in the Maritime Region of Sri Lanka PART FIVE: An Archaeological Survey of Tsunami Affected Historic Structures in the Municipality of Galle, Sri Lanka Ranjith M. Jayasena & Kim Spijker PGIAR, Colombo, February, 2005 1 An archaeological survey of tsunami affected historic structures in the Municipality of Galle, Sri Lanka Ranjith M. Jayasena & Kim Spijker PGIAR, Colombo, February, 2005 1. Introduction On December 26, 2004 an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra triggered a tsunami. Within a few hours its sea waves hit the coastal regions of several countries in the Indian Ocean area. Sri Lanka’s eastern, south and southwestern coastal areas were severely affected. The devastation and loss of life was unprecedented. On December 29, ICOMOS, Sri Lanka issued a statement in which it expressed its grief, but also looked forward to the coming process of rebuilding. In this process, appropriate cultural heritage management is required to ensure that vital parts of local landscapes, such as familiar buildings, will not be lost forever. 2. Survey of cultural heritage sites To make an assessment of the damaged cultural property in the tsunami-affected areas, seven universities were sent out to carry out a survey in January 2005. On February 2, at an ICOMOS meeting at the Postgraduate Institute of Archaeology (PGIAR) in Colombo it was decided that additional information on the post-tsunami situation in Galle was required. Consequently, on the request of ICOMOS, Sri Lanka and the Urban Development Authority, the authors conducted a photographic survey in the Municipality of Galle, involving the coastal area from Gintota to Unawatuna. -
National Highway Sector Project
Environmental Assessment Report Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 38357 May 2007 Sri Lanka: National Highway Sector Project Prepared by [Author(s)] [Firm] [City, Country] Prepared by Road Development Authority for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Prepared for [Executing Agency] [Implementing Agency] The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. National Highway Sector Project RSC 54199 IMPROVEMENT / UPGRADING of Habarana to Trincomalee A006 National Highway INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) FINAL REPORT Submitted to Asian Development Bank (ADB) March 2007 by Road Development Authority Government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Initial Environmental Examination Report- Rehabilitation of Habarana Trincomalee Road (A006) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE OF THE IEE REPORT................................................................................ 7 1.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND....................................................................................................... 7 1.2.1 PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT ...................................................................................... -
Statistical Information on Plantation Crops 2018
Statistical Information on Plantation Crops 2018 Ministry of Plantation Industries & Export Agriculture, 11th Floor, Sethsiripaya Stage II, Battaramulla. February 2020 ii CONTENT Index V-XII Charts, Maps, Overviews XIII-XIV Abbreviations XV Weights & Measures Conversion Table XVI Exchange Rates Conversion Table XVII 1. TEA SECTOR (Area, Production, Price, Export & World Scenario) Table Page 1.1 Key Indicators: Tea 01 Review: Key Indicators of Tea 02 Tea Area 1.2 Extent under Tea by status of cultivation - 2013/14 04 1.3 Tea Extent by ownership 2007 – 2018 05 1.4 Increasing Tea Smallholdings & Extent – by district 06 1.5 Tea Smallholdings & Extent by District- 2005 07 Review: Tea Smallholdings & Extent by District 08 1.6 Rainfall and sunshine information 09 Review: Monthly average rainfall and sunshine 10 1.7 Rainfall figures in TRI stations 11 1.8(i) Fertilizer: Annual usage for Tea Sector 12 1.8(ii) Fertilizer: Annual use of products for Tea Sector in 2018 13 1.9 Area Replanted & New Planted Tea 14 1.10 Tea Growing Incentives for Small Holding Sector 15 Review: Area Replanted & New Planted for tea and 16 Incentives for tea small holdings Tea Production 1.11 Made Tea Production by Category, 2010-2018 18 1.12 Monthly Tea Production under Different Categories-2018 19 iii Review: Monthly Tea Production by category wise 20 Table Page 1.13 Tea Production by Elevation 22 1.14 (i) Geographical Distribution – High Elevation Tea 23 (ii) Geographical Distribution – Medium Elevation Tea 24 (iii) Geographical Distribution – Low Elevation Tea 25 Review: -
Lover's Tropical Haven
LOVER’S TROPICAL HAVEN Negombo → Sigiriya→ Minneriya National Park → Kandy → city tour of Kandy → Hatton → Tea Factory → Galle → Galle Fort Day 01- Airport → Negombo At the Airport our Chauffeur Guide will welcome you with a southern hospitality and offer assistance to transfer and check-in to your hotel in Negombo (approx. 30 minutes). Spend the evening relaxing by the beach. Overnight in Negombo. Overnight in Negombo Day 02- Negombo → Sigiriya After enjoying your breakfast proceed to Sigiriya where you will witness the great king kashapa’s marvelous creation - the city of the lion rock (approx. 03 hrs). En route, you have the option of visiting the Millennium Elephant Foundation in Pinnawela. After a drive of almost 03 hours, settle in at your resort and unwind The Millennium Elephant Foundation is situated on a beautiful 15-acre estate known as ‘Samaragiri’ in Rambukkana area, in the Sabaragamuwa District of Sri Lanka. The premises have been home to the Samarasinghe family for generations and now, as a family, they run a non- governmental organization in Sri Lanka, dedicated to improving the lives of captive elephants. The foundation is funded mainly by visitors and volunteers’ fees. Since the inception of Millennium Elephant Foundation, more than 80 elephants have been provided shelter. Presently, there are elephants spanning in age from 25-60 years residing under the care of the sanctuary. Overnight in Sigiriya. LOVER’S TROPICAL HAVEN Negombo → Sigiriya→ Minneriya National Park → Kandy → city tour of Kandy → Hatton → Tea Factory → Galle → Galle Fort Day 03- Sigiriya → Minneriya National Park After breakfast, take a trip to Minneriya National Park where you will experience giants of the wild in their natural habitat, feeding, bathing and meeting other elephants (approx. -
REISEABLAUF 5 Tage / 4 Nächte Negombo – Dambulla – Sigiriya – Minneriya – Kandy – Nuwara Eliya – Negombo
REISEABLAUF 5 Tage / 4 Nächte Negombo – Dambulla – Sigiriya – Minneriya – Kandy – Nuwara Eliya – Negombo Day 01: Negombo – Dambulla Pick up from the hotel at Negombo at 0900hrs. Thereafter, travel to Dambulla. Upon arrival to Dambulla, visit the Golden Temple at Dambulla. Dambulla Cave Temples, vast isolated rock mass 500 feet high and a mile around the base. Here is found the famous Rock Temple dating to the First Century B.C. The caves of Dambulla sheltered King Walagamba during his 14 years of exile from Anuradhapura. When he regained the throne he built the most magnificent of Rock Temples to be found in the Island. Thereafter check-in to the hotel for dinner and overnight stay. Day 02: Dambulla – Sigiriya – Minneriya – Dambulla Breakfast at the hotel and travel to Sigiriya. Visit the very impressive 5th century Sigiriya Rock Fortress. This world heritage site, consists of the remains of a palace on the top of the rock, a mid-level terrace that includes the Lion Gate and the mirror wall with its frescoes of the 'Heavenly Maidens', the lower palace on the slopes below the rock, and the moats, walls and water gardens that extend for some hundreds of metres out from the base. Thereafter travel to Minneriya for the National Park safari. Located between Habarana and Polonnaruwa, the 8,890 hectares of Minneriya National Park consists of mixed evergreen forest and scrub areas and is home to favorites such as sambar deer, leopards and elephants. However the central feature of the park is the ancient Minneriya Tank (built in 3rd century AD by King Mahasena).