DOCSLIB.ORG

THE NUBIAN POTTERY from the PALACE DISTRICT of AVARIS at Cezbet HELMI, AREAS H/III and H/VI PART I: the “CLASSIC” KERMA POTTERY from the 18TH DYNASTY

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE NUBIAN POTTERY from the PALACE DISTRICT of AVARIS at Cezbet HELMI, AREAS H/III and H/VI PART I: the “CLASSIC” KERMA POTTERY from the 18TH DYNASTY THE NUBIAN POTTERY FROM THE PALACE DISTRICT OF AVARIS AT cEZBET HELMI, AREAS H/III AND H/VI PART I: THE “CLASSIC” KERMA POTTERY FROM THE 18TH DYNASTY By Perla Fuscaldo* During the excavations carried out by the Austrian Most of the Kerma sherds are from the area Archaeological Institute in Egypt under the direc- H/VI,5 only two of them from H/III.6 The sherds tion of Manfred Bietak in the western part of Tell el- from H/VI come from the large palace (G)7 and c c 1 8 9 Dab a/Avaris, at Ezbet Helmi areas H/III and from its annex building (J); from the workshop W2 H/VI,2 thirty Kerma sherds were found in pottery and the workshop area;10 from artificial deposits of assemblages from the 18th Dynasty (Str. d = Ph. C/3 pottery,11 the mud filling of a pit,12 a rubbish and Str. c = Ph. C/2).3 This pottery is fully described deposit,13 an artificial deposition of mud-brick below, in The Catalogue.4 debris,14 all of them located south of that palace. * National Scientific Council (Department of Egyptology, this time. L 4001 (H/VI-u/13–16) is the other room of IMHICIHU-CONICET), Buenos Aires, 2001. the workshop W2, with a large amount of objects made of 1 1993–1994 and 1997–1998. limestone, bases of columns, pottery, pumice fragments 2 1999–2000. and animal bones. The most recent pottery is also from 3 On the description and the stratigraphy of cEzbet Helmi, the Amarna period. The mud-brick debris inside L 4001 see: M. BIETAK, J. DORNER und P. JÁNOSI, Ausgrabungen in is called L 4001V. L 4041 is a pottery collection on the dem Palastbezirk von Avaris. Vorbericht Tell el-Dabca/cEz- courtyard before the entrance to the workshop, and L bet Helmi 1994–1998, Ä&L 11 (2001), 30ff, and M. 4023 another pottery assemblage that covered the room BIETAK ‘Rich beyond the Dreams of Avaris: Tell el-Dabca of a house (L 4025) leading to the courtyard mentioned and the Aegean World – a Guide for the Perplexed’. A above. (M. BIETAK et al., 3. Ausgrabungen in den Arealen Response to Eric H. Cline, ABSA 95 (2000), fig. 1. H/II–III and H/VI, op. cit., 48ff; iidem, op. cit., 89ff: 5. Der 4 The Kerma pottery from H/I, H/II and H/IV is being Hauptpalast G der 18. Dynastie (Areale H/II–III, H/VI) studied by Irmgard Hein. (Str. d–c), Die Werkstätten W1–2 des Str. c (Ph.C/2). 5 Twenty-eight sherds. 10 No. 21 from L 4026 (H/VI-t/13, Str. c = Ph. C/2), a 6 Nos. 10 and 20. No. 10 was found in a filling (H/III- room related to the workshop W2 (Ibid.). This room q/16, plan 0–1, Str. a?), with material of the 18th has no floor and is filled with sand. L 4026 is cut by the Dynasty, and No. 20 in mud-brick debris (H/ III-r/19, thick wall M 1204 with bastions (H/VI-s-t/12–13, Str. plan 0–1, Str. b/1), with pottery of the late 18th Dynasty b/2 = Ph. C/1) as part of a fortification from the as the most recent ceramics. Tutankhamun and Horemheb period. For this reason 7 No. 11 from L 3004V in the north part of the palace G some post Amarna sherds were found (M. BIETAK et al., (H/VI-h/18, Str. d = Ph. C/3). L 3004V is the mud-brick 3. Ausgrabungen in den Arealen H/II–III and H/VI, debris inside the room L 3004, which belongs to the first op. cit.; iidem, op. cit., 89ff: 5. Der Hauptpalast (G) der phase of the palace, and the pottery is similar to that from 18. Dynastie (Areale H/II–III, H/VI) (Str. d–c), Die L 3005 (see note 11), the filling of the terrace L 3010. Werkstätten W1–2 des Str. c (Ph.C/2). 8 From the wall M 1232 (No. 9) (H/VI-u/12, Str. d = Ph. 11 L 4107 (Nos. 1 and 23), and L 4107A above the first one C/3). It is a strong wall built to enlarge the ramp of the (Nos. 4, 12, 16, 18, 24 and 25). The pottery assemblage building (J), an annex to the palace G and above of L from L 4107 –used to level the surface- typologically 4107 cf. M. BIETAK et al., E&L 11, 3. Ausgrabungen in belongs to the stratum d, the early mid 18th Dynasty den Arealen H/II–III and H/VI, 48ff; iidem: op. cit., 85: and it is one of the largest found in Tell el-Dabca. This 5. Der Hauptpalast (G) der 18. Dynastie (Areale collection will be published together with the ceramics H/II–III, H/VI) (Str. d–c), Der palatiale Anbau (J). from L 3005, from the north part of the palace G, in P. 9 Nos. 3 and 17 from L 4021; Nos. 26, 28 and 30 from the FUSCALDO, Tell el-Dabca X, Part III: The Pottery from the workshop L 4001, and Nos. 15, 22, 27 and 29 from the early mid 18th Dynasty (together with C. KOHEN and S. debris (L 4001V) of the same locus. No. 2 was found in the VIGLIANI (Locus 3005) and C. KOHEN, S. BASÍLICO and L. pottery collection L 4041 and No. 19 in the pottery assem- MARTÍNEZ (Locus 4107)), forthcoming. blage L 4023. All these loci belong to the Str. c = Ph. C/2. 12 L 4202 (No. 13). This pit cuts the walls M 1301 and M L 4021 (H/VI-t/13) is the mud-brick debris inside the 1302. The pottery typologically belongs to the Str. c room L 4020 in the workshop W2. There are some ceram- (David Aston personal communication). ics from the Amarna period (David Aston, personal com- 13 L 4014 in the south-east part of the square u/12 (Nos. munication) because the area is cut by a massive wall from 5 and 7). The most recent ceramics from this locus are 168 Perla Fuscaldo There is generally more than one Kerma sherd in feldspar and mica, tempered with sand and organic 15 the same locus, and in Locus 3004V there is also an plant fibre, Nile E1 in the “Vienna system”. The Egyptian imitation of a Kerma cooking pot. Kerma sherds made of Nile E1 have a fine to medi- All the Kerma pottery is hand-made in Nile silt um or medium groundmass, with a hardness fabrics, fired in controlled firing conditions. Three between 2 and 2–3. They fire red, reddish brown, fabrics are represented here. One is I-b-2,16 a Nile brown or light brown on the exterior surface, pol- clay with few sand grains, feldspar and mica, tem- ished with medium or low lustre, with a red slip. The pered with organic plant fibres, Nile B2 in the “Vien- interior is black, very dark or dark grey, polished na system”.17 The groundmass is fine to medium and with high or medium lustre, or coated. the hardness 2–3 in the modified Moh’s scale. This The break is entirely very dark grey, brown or fabric fires brown to reddish brown on the exterior yellowish red, or has a distinctive core with exterior and black, very dark grey, dark grey, or grey in the and interior zones (dark grey to dark reddish grey interior. The exterior surface has a red slip, polished or brown core, and very dark grey, dark reddish grey with high or medium lustre; the interior is polished to reddish brown exterior and interior zones). This with high, medium or low lustre. fabric is used for the “black-topped” bowls, except The sections are black or very dark grey all for two of them made of Nile B2. The rim or the through, or have a black interior zone and a very uppermost part of the vessel is black, very dark or thin brown exterior zone, or a very dark grey interi- dark grey, polished with medium or low lustre. or and a reddish brown exterior.18 This fabric is I-e-3 is a Nile clay with dominant rounded sand equivalent to II B in Nordström’s typology.19 grains, feldspar and mica, tempered with sand and The shapes that occur in this fabric are mainly coarse chaff. It can be called Nile E3 and is identified beakers, but also some bowls. Reisner called the style with II E in Nordström’s typology.21 The groundmass used to decorate the beakers characterised by a is medium or medium to coarse and the hardness 2. “black-topped” rim zone on a red polished slip, This fabric fires dark grey, brown to light brown; red- “beaker ware.” In the Kerma ceramics from Tell el- dish to light brown on the exterior and reddish to Dabca, the “black-topped” rim zone is black polished very dark grey inside, pinkish grey outside and dark with a high lustre of metallic sheen, black or very grey inside, brown to very dark grey on the exterior dark grey with medium or low lustre. The sherds and black inside, always polished with low lustre on from more complete beakers preserve a small irreg- the interior. The break is black, very dark grey or ular zone, dark to light grey (low lustre to matt), bril- dark reddish brown; yellowish red to reddish brown liant grey, matt pinkish grey and bluish grey to dark outside and very dark grey to black inside; or it has a bluish grey between the wide black-topped rim zone very dark grey to dark reddish grey core and dark and the red-slipped body.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Studien Zur Altägyptischen Kultur (SAK), Gegründet 1974, Erscheinen Jährlich in Ein Bis Zwei Bänden
    Studien zur AltägyptiSchen Kultur Herausgegeben von Jochem kahlkahl und Nicole kloth Band 4447 | 20182015 Helmut Buske Verlag HamBurg Die Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur (SAK), gegründet 1974, erscheinen jährlich in ein bis zwei Bänden. Manuskripte erbeten an die Herausgeber oder an den Verlag: Helmut Buske Verlag GmbH Richardstraße 47 D-22081 Hamburg [email protected] Herausgeber: Prof. Dr. Jochem Kahl Dr. Nicole Kloth Ägyptologisches Seminar Sondersammelgebiet Ägyptologie Freie Universität Berlin Universitätsbibliothek Fabeckstr. 23-25, Raum 0.0056 Plöck 107-109 D-14195 Berlin D-69117 Heidelberg [email protected] [email protected] Beirat: Prof. Dr. Hartwig Altenmüller (Hamburg) Prof. Dr. Manfred Bietak (Wien) Prof. Dr. Angelika Lohwasser (Münster) Prof. Dr. Joachim Friedrich Quack (Heidelberg) Alle Manuskripte unterliegen einer anonymisierten Begutachtung (peer review); über die An- nahme oder Ablehnung des Manuskripts entscheiden die Herausgeber. Über die Internetseite http://studien-zur-altaegyptischen-kultur.de sind die Formatvorlage sowie weitere Hinweise zur Erstellung von Manuskripten für die SAK zu finden. ISSN 0340-2215 (Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur) ISBN 978-3-87548-860-9 ISBN eBook 978-3-87548-947-7 © Helmut Buske Verlag GmbH, Hamburg 2018. Dies gilt auch für Vervielfältigungen, Über- tragungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen, soweit es nicht §§ 53 und 54 URG ausdrücklich gestatten. Bildbearbeitung, Druck- vorstufe: Da-TeX Gerd Blumenstein, Leipzig. Druck: Strauss, Mörlenbach. Buchbinderische Verarbeitung: Litges & Dopf, Heppenheim. Gedruckt auf säurefreiem, alterungsbeständigem Papier: alterungsbeständig nach ANSI-Norm resp. DIN-ISO 9706, hergestellt aus 100% chlor- frei gebleichtem Zellstoff. Printed in Germany. SAK 47 • © Helmut Buske Verlag 2018 • ISSN 0340-2215 The Middle Kingdom Theban Project: Preliminary report on the University of Alcalá Expedition to Deir el-Bahari, Fourth Season (2018) Antonio J.
    [Show full text]
  • Crossroads 360 Virtual Tour Script Edited
    Crossroads of Civilization Virtual Tour Script Note: Highlighted text signifies content that is only accessible on the 360 Tour. Welcome to Crossroads of Civilization. We divided this exhibit not by time or culture, but rather by traits that are shared by all civilizations. Watch this video to learn more about the making of Crossroads and its themes. Entrance Crossroads of Civilization: Ancient Worlds of the Near East and Mediterranean Crossroads of Civilization looks at the world's earliest major societies. Beginning more than 5,000 years ago in Egypt and the Near East, the exhibit traces their developments, offshoots, and spread over nearly four millennia. Interactive timelines and a large-scale digital map highlight the ebb and flow of ancient cultures, from Egypt and the earliest Mesopotamian kingdoms of the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians, to the vast Persian, Hellenistic, and finally Roman empires, the latter eventually encompassing the entire Mediterranean region. Against this backdrop of momentous historical change, items from the Museum's collections are showcased within broad themes. Popular elements from classic exhibits of former years, such as our Greek hoplite warrior and Egyptian temple model, stand alongside newly created life-size figures, including a recreation of King Tut in his chariot. The latest research on our two Egyptian mummies features forensic reconstructions of the individuals in life. This truly was a "crossroads" of cultural interaction, where Asian, African, and European peoples came together in a massive blending of ideas and technologies. Special thanks to the following for their expertise: ● Dr. Jonathan Elias - Historical and maps research, CT interpretation ● Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Faithful Sayings Mahoney Ends His Film Aling, Charles F
    6 ISSUE BULLETIN OF THE OLSEN Conclusion Works Cited PARK CHURCH OF CHRIST Faithful Sayings Mahoney ends his film Aling, Charles F. “The Biblical City of Ramses” Journal of the Evangelical 17.47 acknowledging that he is Theological Society 25.2 (July 1982) 129-137. Ben-Tor, Amnon and Maria Teresa Rubiato. “Excavating Hazor, Part Two: Did November 29, a filmmaker and not an the Israelites Destroy the Canaanite City?” Biblical Archaeology Review 2015 expert in these fields, but 25.3 (May/June 1999): 22-29, 31-36, 38-39. he expresses his conviction Bietak, Manfred. Avaris and PiRamesse: Archaeological Exploration in the that this evidence deserves Eastern Nile Delta. Proceedings of the British Academy, 65 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981). Services consideration by the public. __________. Avaris, the capital of the Hyksos: recent excavations at Tell el- Rohl’s “new chronology” Sunday: 9:00 AM Dabʻa I (London: British Museum Press, 1996). 10:00 AM has its critics, and only Gardiner, Alan H. The Admonitions of an Egyptian Sage from a Hieratic Papy- time will tell if it with- rus in Leiden. (Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 1969). 11:00 AM stands the test of further Hayes, William C. A Papyrus of the Late Middle Kingdom in the Brooklyn Wednesday: 7:00 PM Museum. (New York: Brooklyn Museum, 1955). analysis and scrutiny. I too Levin, Yigal. “Did Pharaoh Sheshonq Attack Jerusalem?” Biblical Archaeology Did the Exodus Really Happen? am no expert, but in the Review 38.4 (July/August 2012) 42-52, 66. Elders: By Kyle Pope face of a world quick to Schiestl, Robert.
    [Show full text]
  • Timelines Studies in Honour of Manfred Bietak
    ORIENTALIA LOVANIENSIA A ALECTA ---149--- TIMELINES STUDIES IN HONOUR OF MANFRED BIETAK VOLUME III EDITED BY ERNST CZERNY, IRMGARD HEIN, HERMANN HUNGER, DAGMAR MELMAN, ANGELA SCHWAB UITGEVERIJ PEETERS en DEPARTEMENT OOSTERSE STUDIES LEUVEN - PARIS - DUDLEY, MA 2006 TELL EL-DABcA: THE PROVISION OF AN EXPANDING SETTLEMENT WITH PLANT FOOD Ursula Thanheiser Founded in the early Middle Kingdom, the location extending from the eastern Nile delta to southern was well selected. The settlement was built on the Palestine. The rest of Egypt was linked to the capi­ navigable Pelusic branch of the river Nile giving tal by a loose system of vassals. The Hyksos were in access to the Mediterranean Sea. An inland harbour power for more than hundred years. After the fall of facilitated the traffic flow. To the east it was shielded Avaris (c. 1530 BC) life in town continued as usual. by the extensive Bahr el-Baqar drainage system. Neither a demographic shift, nor a severance of links What was called the Horus Road, a land bridge across with traditional trading partners is apparent - for the marshes, connected Tell el-Dabca to the northern example from ceramic records. During the Rames­ Sinai, thereby controlling all traffic by land and side period the royal residence, Piramesse, was at water from the Nile Valley across the eastern Delta Qantir, 2 km to the north of Avaris and during the and into Palestine and the Levant. Aeolian sand New Kingdom Avaris and Piramesse were once again accumulations - turtle backs - rising above the annu­ centres of trade with the Near East and the eastern al flood plain offered ideal locations for settlement as Mediterranean region.
    [Show full text]
  • Theben Und Avaris Zur "Vertreibung" Der Hyksos
    Originalveröffentlichung in: Guksch, Heike; Polz, Daniel (Hg.), Stationen. Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte Ägyptens. Rainer Stadelmann gewidmet, Mainz 1998, S. 219-231 Theben und Avaris Zur "Vertreibung" der Hyksos DANIEL POLZ RAINER STADELMANN in Dankbarkeit und Freundschaft RAINER STADELMANN hat seit je ein reges Interesse an den historischen Vorgängen, die am Ende der 2. ZwZt zum Beginn des Neuen Reiches führten. Auch aus diesem Interesse heraus regte er im Jahre 1989 eine großflächige und intensive Untersuchung der nur unzureichend behandelten thebanischen Nekro­ pole von Dra' Abu el­Naga an, mit deren Durchführung er mich betraute. Die mit der ersten Grabungs­ kampagne im Frühjahr 1991 gestartete und seitdem jährlich durchgeführte Unternehmung hat das Ziel, 1 die thebanischen Nekropolen der ausgehenden 2. ZwZt zu untersuchen . 2 Der folgende Beitrag ist eine Art Thesenpapier zur politischen Situation am Ende der 2. ZwZt in Ober­ ägypten und berührt somit ­ nicht ganz zufällig ­ ein Thema, das auch RAINER STADELMANN vor längerer 3 Zeit in einem Aufsatz behandelt hat . 1. Einleitung Die Vorgänge, die am Ende der 2. ZwZt zunächst zu einer bewaffneten Auseinandersetzung zwischen den Herrschern der oberägyptischen 17. Dynastie und den Hyksos, desweiteren zu einer landesweiten militärischen Aktion der Oberägypter und der "Vertreibung" der Hyksos sowie schließlich zur Gründung eines neuen gesamtägyptischen Staates führten, werden ägyptologisch im allgemeinen als ein in sich geschlossener historischer Prozeß betrachtet. Insgesamt lassen sich diese Vorgänge in drei 4 Phasen aufgliedern, die etwa folgendermaßen getrennt werden können : Phase 1 Zwischen den Thebanern und den Hyksos kommt es vielleicht schon im letzten Drittel der 17. Dyna­ stie, unter deren König Seqenenre, zu ersten militärischen Auseinandersetzungen, während derer Se­ qenenre tödlich verwundet wird.
    [Show full text]
  • Bietak, CAENL 9.Indd
    University of Groningen Radiocarbon Dating Comparée of Hyksos-Related Phases at Ashkelon and Tell el-Dabʿa Bruins, Hendrik J.; van der Plicht, Johannes Published in: The Enigma of the Hyksos Volume I IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2019 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Bruins, H. J., & van der Plicht, J. (2019). Radiocarbon Dating Comparée of Hyksos-Related Phases at Ashkelon and Tell el-Daba. In M. Bietak , & S. Prell (Eds.), The Enigma of the Hyksos Volume I (pp. 353- 365). (Contributions to the Archaeology of Egypt, Nubia and the Levant (CAENL); Vol. 9). Harrassowitz. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 19-05-2020 Th e Enigma of the
    [Show full text]
  • Vessels of Life: New Evidence for Creative Aspects in Material Remains from Domestic Sites
    Originalveröffentlichung in: Bettina Bader, Christian M. Knoblauch and E. Christiana Köhler (Hg.), Vienna 2 – ancient Egyptian ceramics in the 21st century. Proceedings of the international conference held at the University of Vienna, 14th-18th of May, 2012 (Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta 245), Leuven ; Paris ; Bristol, CT 2016, S. 85-102 VESSELS OF LIFE: NEW EVIDENCE FOR CREATIVE ASPECTS IN MATERIAL REMAINS FROM DOMESTIC SITES Julia Budka Introduction Figurative vessels from Ancient Egypt have been studied since the early 20th century, but it was Janine Bourriau who first discussed these vases not as works ol art but as an integral part of the huge corpus of Pharaonic ceramic vessels. The excavated examples of such figure vases were predominately found in tombs, as can be illustrated by one of the sub-groups from the 18th Dynasty, so called representations of wet nurses, deriving in particular from cemeter­ ies at Sedment and Abydos.12 The funerary context is also predominant for the group of con­ temporaneous figure vases which is the main focus of the present paper: feminoform vessels with modelled breasts and often plastic arms are well attested in a variety of forms3 and derive primarily from tombs4 dateable to the New Kingdom (Fig. I).5 They have often been labelled as “milk vessels ” and were associated by various authors with the cult of Hathor.6 Such ves ­ sels are also known as metallic variants 7 8or as imitations in glass. The purpose of this paper is to present feminoform vases from domestic contexts that potentially contribute to our understanding of the possible use and function of this type of vessel as the present state of knowledge is mainly derived from funerary records.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharaohs, Dynasties & Kingdoms in Ancient Egypt
    Pharaohs, Dynasties and Kingdoms in Ancient Egypt The kings of Egypt were called pharaohs by the later Greeks and Hebrews: the name originates from the Egyptian per-aa, meaning ‘great house’. Most Egyptian kings and queens are grouped in dynasties (a family in which all the rulers in a time period belong). There is no archaeological evidence for the earliest Egyptian kings, so we cannot be sure if they existed. There are good records of the kings after 3100 bc, so the period before this is called Prehistoric (meaning ‘before written records’) or Predynastic (meaning ‘before the dynasties’). Like most cultures, the Egyptians dated historical and political events according to the years during which people ruled. Some written sources, called ‘king lists’, list when each Egyptian king ruled and the dynasty to which s/he belonged. Egyptologists (people who study Egypt) date history and art according to the rulers and dynasties. The ‘king lists’ are found in works of writers from the Roman period as well as inscriptions and papyri. Josephus, Sextus Julius Africanus and Bishop Eusebius of Caesarea quoted a Greco-Egyptian priest, Manetho, who wrote a history of Egypt. In his history, which does not survive, Manetho divided the rulers of Egypt into thirty dynasties. The list begins at around 3000 bc and ends at 343 bc with Nakhthoreb (Nectanebo II, as the Greeks called him), the last native Egyptian ruler. The dates are all approximate. The early years (like 3000 bc) are accurate to within 150 years and the later ones (like 343 bc) are accurate to within one year.
    [Show full text]
  • Ahmose, Son of Ebana: the Expulsion of the Hyksos
    Ahmose, son of Ebana: The Expulsion of the Hyksos Ahmose, son of Ebana, was an officer in the Egyptian army during the end of the 17th Dynasty to the beginning of the 18th Dynasty (16th century BCE). Originally from Elkab in Upper Egypt, he decided to become a soldier, like his father, Baba, who served under Seqenenre Tao II in the early campaigns against the Hyksos. Ahmose spent most of his military life serving aboard the king’s fleet - fighting at Avaris, at Sharuhen in Palestine, and in Nubia during the service of Ahmose I, and was often cited for his bravery in battle by the king. These accounts were left in a tomb that Ahmose, son of Ebana, identifies as his own at the end of the water—for he was captured on the city side-and he Crew Commander Ahmose son of crossed the water carrying him. When it was Abana, the justified; he says: I speak reported to the royal herald I was rewarded with T to you, all people. I let you know gold once more. Then Avaris was despoiled, and what favors came to me. I have been I brought spoil from there: one man, three rewarded with gold seven times in the sight women; total, four persons. His majesty gave of the whole land, with male and female them to me as slaves. slaves as well. I have been endowed with Then Sharahen was besieged for three years. very many fields. The name of the brave His majesty despoiled it and I brought spoil man is in that which he has done; it will not from it: two women and a hand.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dating of Hazor's Destruction in Joshua 11 By
    JETS 51/3 (September 2008) 489–512 THE DATING OF HAZOR’S DESTRUCTION IN JOSHUA 11 BY WAY OF BIBLICAL, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND EPIGRAPHICAL EVIDENCE douglas petrovich* Undoubtedly, one of the hottest topics in the field of OT studies today is the dating of the exodus.1 On one side, biblical archaeologists such as James Hoffmeier contend that a 13th century bc exodus better fits the material evidence, in large part due to alleged connections between sites mentioned in the biblical text—such as the store city of Raamses (Exod 1:11), which he asserts “is likely to be equated with the Delta capital built by and named for Ramesses II, that is, Pi-Ramesses”2—and excavated or identifiable sites in Egypt. On the other side, biblical archaeologists such as Bryant Wood argue that the exodus must have occurred in the middle of the 15th century bc, since the ordinal number “480th” in 1 Kgs 6:1 can be understood only literally (rather than allegorically, as late exodus proponents suggest). Wood, who mainly presents archaeological evidence to support his case, even declares that “the 13th-century exodus-conquest model is no longer tenable.”3 Thus the battle over the proper dating of the exodus and conquest continues to rage. While this debate cannot be settled in the present article, nor can space here be devoted to the issue of the alleged Ramesside connections with the store city of Raamses or the problem of archaeology not being able to “pro- vide any trace of Israelites [in Canaan] before the Iron Age (shortly before 4 1200 B.C.E.),” a reexamination of one aspect of this issue is in order: * Douglas Petrovich is dean at NBTS in Novosibirsk, Russia.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019: Alexandria, Virginia
    THE 70TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN RESEARCH CENTER IN EGYPT April 12-14, 2019 Washington, D.C. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN RESEARCH CENTER IN EGYPT April 12-14, 2019 Washington, D.C. U.S. Headquarters 909 North Washington Street, Suite 320 Alexandria, Virginia, 22314 703.721.3479 Cairo Center 2 Midan Simón Bolívar Garden City, Cairo, 11461 20.2.2794.8239 [email protected] 2 3 *Dr. Ahmed Abu-Zayed, Head of Libraries and Archives TABLE CONTENTS Janie Abdul Aziz, Grant Administrator of *Djodi Deutsch, Academic Programs Manager Itinerary 12 Zakaria Yacoub, IT Manager Session Schedule 14 *Sally El Sabbahy, Communications & Outreach Associate *Samira El Adawy, Programs Coordinator Presentation Abstracts 18 Andreas Kostopoulos, Project Archives Specialist Student Poster Abstracts 99 Noha Atef Halim, Assistant Finance Manager Yasser Tharwat, Project Financial & Reporting Manager ARCE STAFF Doaa Adel, Accountant U.S. Staff Salah Metwally, Associate for Governmental Affairs Osama Abdel Fatah Mohamed , Supervising Librarian *Dr. Fatma Ismail, Interim US Operations Director Amira Gamal, Cataloguing Librarian *Michael Wiles, Chief Financial Officier Reda Anwar, Administrative Assistant to Office Manager *Laura Rheintgen, Director of Development Salah Rawash, Security & Reception Coordinator *Dr. Heba Abdel Salam, US Programs Advisor Abdrabou Ali Hassan, Maintenance Assistant & Director’s Driver *Claire Haymes, Board Relations Manager Ahmed Hassan, Senior Traffic Department Officer & Driver *Megan Allday, Annual Meeting Coordinator (Consultant) Ramadan Khalil Abdou, ARCE Representative Ellen Flanagan, US Human Resources Coordinator (Consultant) Mohamed Hassan Mohamed, Transportation Assistant & Messenger *Rebecca Cook, Membership & Development Manager Eid Fawzy, Technical Clerk & Messenger Freddy Feliz, IT Manager Nour Ibrahim, Messenger *Beth Wang, Development & Research Assistant ARCE STAFF ARCE STAFF Cairo Staff Luxor Staff *Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Asasif (Western-Thebes)
    Originalveröffentlichung in: B J. J. Haring and O. E. Kaper (Hg.), Pictograms or pseudo script? Non-textual identity marks in practical use in ancient Egypt and elsewhere. Proceedings of a conference in Leiden, 19 - 20 December 2006 (Egyptologische uitgaven 25), Leiden 2009, S. 67-91 Benchmarks , team marks and pot marks FROM THE ASASIF (WESTERN-THEBES) Julia Budka* Introduction Austrian excavations directed by Manfred Bietak were undertaken in the eastem part of the Asasif from 1969 to 1977.’ Work focused primarily on tombs of the Late period *2, 1but the remains of a large temple of Ramesses’ IV at the entrance to the Asasif and the causeways to the royal temples of Mentuhotep Nebhepetre and Thutmose III in Deir el-Bahari were studied as well (fig. I).3 4The examination of the temple foundation and the causeways yielded hieratic benchmarks, cursive inscriptions and symbols as well as masons ’ marks.' In addition, several pot marks were documented on some of the numerous ceramic sherds recovered lfom the tombs of the area. The present paper presents for the first time a collection of these unpublished markings in order to enlarge the general knowledge of the material and it provides parallels for future research. The corpus from the Asasif is in some respects exceptional: While the demolished (Thutmose III) or unfmished (Ramesses IV) states of the royal monuments in the area are lamentable, they offer unique opportunities to observe specific architectural features as well as evidence of the construction process - including very early work stages like the cutting of the foundations - that Humbold t-Universitat zu Berlin.
    [Show full text]