DOCSLIB.ORG

Downloaded 10/05/21 10:23 PM UTC 960 WEATHER and FORECASTING VOLUME 34

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Downloaded 10/05/21 10:23 PM UTC 960 WEATHER and FORECASTING VOLUME 34 AUGUST 2019 K Ø LTZOW ET AL. 959 An NWP Model Intercomparison of Surface Weather Parameters in the European Arctic during the Year of Polar Prediction Special Observing Period Northern Hemisphere 1 MORTEN KØLTZOW Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway BARBARA CASATI Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, Quebec, Canada ERIC BAZILE Météo France, Toulouse, France THOMAS HAIDEN ECMWF, Reading, United Kingdom TERESA VALKONEN Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway (Manuscript received 11 January 2019, in final form 24 May 2019) ABSTRACT Increased human activity in the Arctic calls for accurate and reliable weather predictions. This study presents an intercomparison of operational and/or high-resolution models in an attempt to establish a baseline for present-day Arctic short-range forecast capabilities for near-surface weather (pressure, wind speed, temperature, precipitation, and total cloud cover) during winter. One global model [the high- resolution version of the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS-HRES)], and three high-resolution, limited-area models [Applications of Research to Operations at Mesoscale (AROME)-Arctic, Canadian Arctic Prediction System (CAPS), and AROME with Météo-France setup (MF-AROME)] are evaluated. As part of the model intercomparison, several aspects of the impact of observation errors and representativeness on the verification are discussed. The results show how the forecasts differ in their spatial details and how forecast accuracy varies with region, parameter, lead time, weather, and forecast system, and they confirm many findings from mid- or lower latitudes. While some weaknesses are unique or more pronounced in some of the systems, several common model deficiencies are found, such as forecasting temperature during cloud- free, calm weather; a cold bias in windy conditions; the distinction between freezing and melting conditions; underestimation of solid precipitation; less skillful wind speed forecasts over land than over ocean; and dif- ficulties with small-scale spatial variability. The added value of high-resolution limited area models is most pronounced for wind speed and temperature in regions with complex terrain and coastlines. However, forecast errors grow faster in the high-resolution models. This study also shows that observation errors and representativeness can account for a substantial part of the difference between forecast and observations in standard verification. Denotes content that is immediately available upon publica- tion as open access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/ Corresponding author: Morten Køltzow, [email protected] licenses/by/4.0/). DOI: 10.1175/WAF-D-19-0003.1 Ó 2019 American Meteorological Society Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/05/21 10:23 PM UTC 960 WEATHER AND FORECASTING VOLUME 34 1. Introduction field observations and used as a tool to better un- derstand the investigated phenomena. For example, The Arctic is experiencing rapid changes in its harsh polar lows have received substantial attention (e.g., climate and environment, for example, the observed an- Kristjánsson et al. 2011), but remain a challenge in op- nual averaged near-surface temperatures at Svalbard are 2 erational forecasting because of their rapid growth and now increasing at between 1.048 and 1.768Cdecade 1 mesoscale nature (e.g., Spengler et al. 2017). Arctic cy- (Hanssen-Bauer et al. 2019). Anticipated increases in clones (e.g., Yamagami et al. 2018), and sudden strato- ship traffic, resource exploitation, tourism, and other spheric warming events (e.g., Jung and Leutbecher 2007; activities (WMO 2017) call for accurate and reliable Karpechko 2018) have also been the subject of recent weather predictions for safe and efficient operations. Arctic forecast skill evaluations. Other examples of Despite improved Arctic forecast skill in recent decades high-impact weather that have been studied are severe (Bauer et al. 2016; Jung and Leutbecher 2007), Jung et al. precipitation events at Svalbard (Hansen et al. 2014; (2016) argues that existing numerical weather prediction Serreze et al. 2015) and maritime icing on vessels (Sultana (NWP) systems do not meet existing user requirements. et al. 2018; Samuelsen 2018). Furthermore, forecast errors in the Arctic are larger than The difference between a forecast value (grid box at lower latitudes (e.g., Nordeng et al. 2007; Bauer et al. average from an NWP system) and a point observation 2016; Gascard et al. 2017). Nordeng et al. (2007) argue can be decomposed into model, observation, interpola- that the main reasons for this are the sparse conventional tion, and representativeness errors (Kanamitsu and observational network and the small spatial scales of DeHaan 2011). The latter three components are many (high impact) Arctic-specific weather phenomena. nonnegligible for verification studies, in particular in NWP systems are also often developed and tuned with a the Arctic environment characterized by spatiotem- focus on mid and lower-latitude weather. poral sparseness and uncertainty in the observations Arctic verification studies of global model systems (Casati et al. 2017). The observation uncertainty has often use model analyses as truth, given the relative been neglected in verification practices for several sparseness of observations. However, this introduces decades. As forecast capabilities improve, however, uncertainty in the interpretation because a higher a larger part of the forecast–observation difference is spread between analyses compared to lower latitudes is due to observational uncertainty and representativeness found since the analyses are less constrained by obser- mismatch rather than to model errors alone, in partic- vations and are closer to their inherent model clima- ular for short-range forecasts. tology (Jung and Matsueda 2016; Bauer et al. 2016). The Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP), with extra avail- Bauer et al. (2016) found that verifying near-surface ability of observations and model simulations (Jung et al. temperatures in the Arctic against observations gave 2016), is a great opportunity to improve our understand- substantially larger errors compared to verifying against ing of forecast capabilities in the Arctic. In this study we model analyses. To establish the state of the art on compare three high-resolution regional NWP systems Arctic forecast capabilities, more verification of near- and one global NWP system during the YOPP Special surface parameters, including snow and sea ice charac- Observing Period Northern Hemisphere 1 (SOP-NH1, 1 teristics, are needed (Jung et al. 2016). February–31 March 2018) with focus on surface weather The use of regional models can, compared with global parameters. In addition, issues related to observational models, improve forecast accuracy by the use of opti- uncertainty are discussed to improve our interpretation mized physics for the targeted area and finer horizontal of the verification results. and vertical resolution (Jung et al. 2016). However, The NWP systems are briefly described in section 2, operational convection permitting resolution models together with the observations and weather during YOPP have just recently started to appear for the Arctic do- SOP-NH1. The models are compared in terms of objective main. Müller et al. (2017) and Yang et al. (2018) de- verification scores in section 3, including a discussion on scribe added value from operational high-resolution some aspects of observation errors and representativeness HIRLAM–ALADIN Research on Mesoscale Opera- issues. In section 4, two cases of high-impact weather are tional NWP in Euromed (HARMONIE)–Applications discussed before we summarize main findings in section 5. of Research to Operations at Mesoscale (AROME) runs in the Arctic compared to coarser resolution sys- 2. NWP systems, observations, and weather tems. Furthermore, specific Arctic weather phenom- a. NWP systems ena, often connected to high-impact weather, have been studied in both global and regional high- The NWP systems included in the comparison are resolution models. Models have been compared with the high-resolution version of the global ECMWF Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/05/21 10:23 PM UTC AUGUST 2019 K Ø LTZOW ET AL. 961 Integrated Forecasting System (IFS-HRES) with 9-km Over the open ocean, we utilize near-real-time data grid spacing (Buizza et al. 2017) and the three regional from the global Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) convection permitting NWP systems: AROME-Arctic coastal wind product on a 12.5-km grid (Verhoefetal. with 2.5-km grid spacing (Müller et al. 2017; Bengtsson 2012). The ASCAT wind products, provided by the et al. 2017), the Canadian Arctic Prediction System EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application (CAPS) with 3-km grid spacing (G. C. Smith et al. 2019, Facility (OSI SAF), include a thorough quality control. unpublished manuscript), and AROME with Météo- We utilized only the data with the highest-quality flags. France setup (MF-AROME) with 2.5-km grid spacing For the model comparison, the ASCAT data were re- (Seity et al. 2011). Apart from spatial resolution, the projected on the intercomparison domain, and NWP four forecast systems differ in their model formulations, model data were regridded onto a 12.5-km grid corre- initialization methods, and in lateral and surface forcing sponding to the grid spacing of the ASCAT data. (details in Table 1). IFS-HRES and AROME-Arctic c. Weather during YOPP SOP-NH1 forecasts are taken from daily operational
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Svalbard (Norway)
    Svalbard (Norway) Cross border travel - People - Depending on your citizenship, you may need a visa to enter Svalbard. - The Norwegian authorities do not require a special visa for entering Svalbard, but you may need a permit for entering mainland Norway /the Schengen Area, if you travel via Norway/the Schengen Area on your way to or from Svalbard. - It´s important to ensure that you get a double-entry visa to Norway so you can return to the Schengen Area (mainland Norway) after your stay in Svalbard! - More information can be found on the Norwegian directorate of immigration´s website: https://www.udi.no/en/ - Find more information about entering Svalbard on the website of the Governor of Svalbard: https://www.sysselmannen.no/en/visas-and-immigration/ - Note that a fee needs to be paid for all visa applications. Covid-19 You can find general information and links to relevant COVID-19 related information here: https://www.sysselmannen.no/en/corona-and-svalbard/ Note that any mandatory quarantine must be taken in mainland Norway, not on Svalbard! Find more information and quarantine (hotels) here: https://www.regjeringen.no/en/topics/koronavirus-covid- 19/the-corona-situation-more-information-about-quarantine- hotels/id2784377/?fbclid=IwAR0CA4Rm7edxNhpaksTgxqrAHVXyJcsDBEZrtbaB- t51JTss5wBVz_NUzoQ You can find further information regarding the temporary travel restrictions here: https://nyalesundresearch.no/covid-info/ - Instrumentation (import/export) - In general, it is recommended to use a shipping/transport agency. - Note that due to limited air cargo capacity to and from Ny-Ålesund, cargo related to research activity should preferably be sent by cargo ship.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Echinococcus Multilocularis in Svalbard - Final Report to Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund NORWEGIAN VETERINARY INTSTITUTE
    Rapport 11- 2019 Status of Echinococcus multilocularis in Svalbard - Final Report to Svalbard Environmental protection Fund NORWEGIAN VETERINARY INTSTITUTE Status of Echinococcus multilocularis in Svalbard Preface This is the final report of the project “Status of Echinococcus multilocularis in Svalbard” 16/42. Funding for this project was allocated by the Svalbard Environmental Protection Foundation in the spring of 2016. The project was carried out by a team of researchers from the Norwegian Veterinary Institute and the Norwegian Polar Institute, who for the first time collaborated in this project. The Norwegian Veterinary Institute has contributed with expert knowledge on E. multilocularis, pathology, parasitological and molecular methods, and the Norwegian Polar Institute with specific expertise on Arctic foxes, sibling voles, E. multilocularis and environmental aspects. In addition, we have benefitted from working together with Fredrik Samuelsson, Svalbard guide with an MSc in Parasitology, whose local knowledge has greatly facilitated the sample collection. The results of our project were presented to locals at a seminar at the University Centre in Svalbard 19.11.2018. We gratefully acknowledge the Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund for supporting our project. We would also like to thank Paul Lutnæs/the Govenor of Svalbard, Rupert Krapp from the Norwegian Polar Institute and the Svalbard Vets for assisting in collecting samples for the project; Longyearbyens Hundeklubb, commercial dog sledging companies and private dog owners who kindly let us collect faecal samples from their dogs; arctic fox hunters who donated foxes for our study, and inhabitants in Longyearbyen who helped trapping sibling voles. In this project we have collaborated with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Protected Areas in Svalbard – Securing Internationally Valuable Cultural and Natural Heritage Contents Preface
    Protected areas in Svalbard – securing internationally valuable cultural and natural heritage Contents Preface ........................................................................ 1 – Moffen Nature Reserve ......................................... 13 From no-man’s-land to a treaty and the Svalbard – Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve ...................... 14 Environmental Protection Act .................................. 4 – Søraust-Svalbard Nature Reserve ......................... 16 The history of nature and cultural heritage – Forlandet National Park .........................................18 protection in Svalbard ................................................ 5 – Indre Wijdefjorden National Park ......................... 20 The purpose of the protected areas .......................... 6 – Nordenskiöld Land National Park ........................ 22 Protection values ........................................................ 7 – Nordre Isfjorden National Park ............................ 24 Nature protection areas in Svalbard ........................10 – Nordvest-Spitsbergen National Park ................... 26 – Bird sanctuaries ..................................................... 11 – Sassen-Bünsow Land National Park .................... 28 – Bjørnøya Nature Reserve ...................................... 12 – Sør-Spitsbergen National Park ..............................30 – Ossian Sars Nature Reserve ................................. 12 Svalbard in a global context ..................................... 32 – Hopen Nature Reserve
    [Show full text]
  • Svalbard 2015–2016 Meld
    Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security Published by: Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security Public institutions may order additional copies from: Norwegian Government Security and Service Organisation E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.publikasjoner.dep.no KET T Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) Telephone: + 47 222 40 000 ER RY M K Ø K J E L R I I Photo: Longyearbyen, Tommy Dahl Markussen M 0 Print: 07 PrintMedia AS 7 9 7 P 3 R 0 I 1 08/2017 – Impression 1000 N 4 TM 0 EDIA – 2 Svalbard 2015–2016 Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) 1 Svalbard Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) Svalbard Translation from Norwegian. For information only. Table of Contents 1 Summary ........................................ 5 6Longyearbyen .............................. 39 1.1 A predictable Svalbard policy ........ 5 6.1 Introduction .................................... 39 1.2 Contents of each chapter ............... 6 6.2 Areas for further development ..... 40 1.3 Full overview of measures ............. 8 6.2.1 Tourism: Longyearbyen and surrounding areas .......................... 41 2Background .................................. 11 6.2.2 Relocation of public-sector jobs .... 43 2.1 Introduction .................................... 11 6.2.3 Port development ........................... 44 2.2 Main policy objectives for Svalbard 11 6.2.4 Svalbard Science Centre ............... 45 2.3 Svalbard in general ........................ 12 6.2.5 Land development in Longyearbyen ................................ 46 3 Framework under international 6.2.6 Energy supply ................................ 46 law .................................................... 17 6.2.7 Water supply .................................. 47 3.1 Norwegian sovereignty .................. 17 6.3 Provision of services .....................
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Influencing Emissions, Scenarios and Mitigation Options at Svalbard
    Norwegian Arctic Climate Climate influencing emissions, scenarios TA- 2552 and mitigation options at Svalbard 2009 Utført i samarbeid med: Preface Arctic surface air temperatures have increased at almost twice the global average rate over the past century (AMAP, 2008; IPCC, 2007). The temperature increase is accompanied by changes in the seasonal patterns as earlier and longer melting seasons, increasing melt along the rim of the Greenland ice sheet, and large reductions in summer sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean (ACIA, 2005; IPCC, 2007). These changes in the Arctic are strongly interlinked with climate change on the global level. Norway has national interest in the Arctic, and acknowledges the need for science based evaluation of potential effects of climate change in this region. In this context, the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment (MD) commissioned the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT) to conduct a study on mitigation opportunities with regard to emission sources and scenario assessments associated with climate forcing at Svalbard. The work has been undertaken together with the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU). This report documents an evaluation of past, present and future climate influencing emissions from Svalbard. In addition, mitigation options are given both at the short- (2012) and at the long- (2025) term. The sun arrives in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Photo: Roland Kallenborn. Authors: • Vigdis Vestreng; Climate and Pollution Agency (Klif) • Roland Kallenborn; University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) and Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) • Elin Økstad; Climate and Pollution Agency (Klif) Climate influencing emissions, scenarios and mitigation options at Svalbard Acknowledgements Many colleagues and experts have contributed with expertise and knowledge.
    [Show full text]
  • THINKING at the EDGE of the WORLD 12–13 June 2016 Longyearbyen, Svalbard
    THINKING AT THE EDGE OF THE WORLD 12–13 June 2016 Longyearbyen, Svalbard Dear Guests, Welcome to Svalbard and ‘Thinking at the Edge of the World’, an international cross-disciplinary conference organ- ized by Northern Norway Art Museum (NNKM) and Office for Contemporary Art Norway (OCA). We are delighted that you have joined us for what we hope will be a truly 12—13 engaging, thought-provoking and rewarding experience together. This is a moment to reflect upon, and perhaps even begin refashioning, some of the central debates of our day – within the arts and beyond. 2016 June June Our programme aims to engage all of you in creative, critical dialogue – forging a collective momentum with which to push, test and extend disciplinary boundaries. Your participation in the debates and discussions we hope to unfold here in Longyearbyen and its surroundings is crucial to this event, which advocates a sharing of perspectives and the genuine exchange – and cross-fertilisation – of multiple and productively disparate points of view. We hope that you will experience as many aspects as possible of the unique environment that is Svalbard today – a landscape of multiple layers and meanings, criss- crossed and shaped by a complex blend of increasingly interconnected geological, biological, technological and political-economic factors. Our schedule and the locations with which we will be engaging attempt to respond to and activate some of these variations in context, scale, time, typology and space. Svalbard and its future are sites of on-going experiment and negotiation. It is precisely this joint spirit of curious investigation and creative mediation that we wish to harness and foster, now and moving forwards, with you.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to Polar Bear Country
    GLOBE TREKKING Welcome to Polar Bear Country by Ir. Chin Mee Poon www.facebook.com/chinmeepoon OUR Boeing 737 took less than 1½ hours to cross the Barents Sea My wife and I spent 3 nights in Longyearbyen, the largest from Tromsø in northern Norway to Longyearbyen in Svalbard. settlement in Svalbard. Longyearbyen is situated near the centre of Spitsbergen. We arrived on 9th September and missed the Welcome to polar bear country! midnight sun by more than half a month. At a latitude of 78.2°N, When I was planning my trip to the Nordic countries, I did not Longyearbyen experiences midnight sun from 20th April to 23rd forget to include Svalbard in the itinerary. Svalbard irst caught August. It also has a long polar night that runs from 26th October my attention when my wife and I visited Caerlaverock Wetland to 15th February. We spent most of our time in the town. A tourist near Dumfries in Scotland in late November 2008. Every year, information ofice shared a large avant-garde building with the some 25,000 barnacle geese ly a few thousand kilometres from Svalbard Museum and the University Centre in Svalbard. Nearby Spitsbergen to overwinter in the Wetland and nearby areas. was the Spitsbergen Airship Museum. Longyearbyen also had a Spitsbergen is the largest of the islands that make up Svalbard. hospital, schools, cultural centre, sports centre, cinema, library, The Svalbard archipelago, with a total land area of 61,022 church, bank, art galleries, supermarkets, restaurants, hotels, sq km, is situated midway between continental Norway and the travel agencies and a coal-ired power station to generate North Pole.
    [Show full text]
  • Spitsbergen Nordaustlandet Polhavet Barentshavet
    5°0'0"E 10°0'0"E 15°0'0"E 20°0'0"E 25°0'0"E 30°0'0"E 35°0'0"E 81°0'0"N Polhavet Prins Oscars Land Orvin Land Vesle Tavleøya Gustav V Land Nordaustlandet Karl XII-øya Phippsøya Sjuøyane Gustav Adolf Land 80°0'0"N Martensøya Parryøya Kvitøyjøkulen Waldenøya Foynøya Nordkappsundet Kvitøya Repøyane Castrénøyane 434 433 ZorgdragerfjordenDuvefjorden Snøtoppen Nordenskiöldbukta Scoresbyøya Wrighttoppen Brennevinsfjorden 432 Laponiahalvøya Damflya Lågøya Storøya Kvitøyrenna Storøysundet Botniahalvøya Sabinebukta Orvin Land 437 Rijpfjorden Prins Lady Franklinfjorden Maudbreen Oscars Franklinsundet Worsleybreen Sverdrupisen 80°0'0"N Land Andrée Land Rijpbreen Albert I Land Norskebanken Ny-Friesland Storsteinhalvøya Olav V Land Franklinbreane James I Land Oscar II Land 401 Hinlopenrenna Haakon VII Land Gustav V Moffen Celsiusberget Murchisonfjorden Land Rijpdalen Søre Russøya Vestfonna Harald V Land Mosselhalvøya Austfonna Sorgfjorden 436 Heclahuken Gotiahalvøya Nordaustlandet Harald V Land Fuglesongen Oxfordhalvøya Breibogen Bragebreen Etonbreen IdunfjelletWahlenbergfjorden 435 Amsterdamøya Reinsdyrflya 427 Raudfjorden Balberget Hartogbukta Danskøya Vasahalvøya Smeerenburgfjorden Valhallfonna 79°0'0"N Ben Nevis 428 Woodfjorden Reuschhalvøya Palanderbukta Gustav Adolf Liefdefjorden Magdalenefjorden Åsgardfonna Albert I Glitnefonna Roosfjella Wijdefjorden Land 430 431 Hoelhalvøya Scaniahalvøya Land Bockfjorden Lomfjorden Hinlopenstretet Vibehøgdene Lomfjordhalvøya Svartstupa Monacobreen 429 Seidfjellet Svartknausflya Bråsvellbreen 402 Lomfjella Vibebukta
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2Mi3
    1 annual UNIS|report 2013 the university centre in svalbard 2 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 3 MAP OVER SVALBARD FROM THE DIRECTOR | 5 EXCERPTS FROM THE BOARD OF DiRECTORS REPORT 2013 | 6 QUALITY in EDUCATION | MOFFEN | 10 NORDAusTLANDET | STATisTICS | ÅSGÅRDFOnnA | 11 NEWTONTOPPEN | REsuLTATREGNSKAP 2013 | ny-ÅLEsunD | 12 PYRAMIDEN | BALANSE 31.12.2013 | 13 PRins KARLS | FORLAND | ARCTIC BIOLOGY BARENTSØYA | | 17 LONGYEARBYEN | ARCTIC GEOLOGY BARENTSBURG | | 21 ISFJORD RADIO | ARCTIC GEOPHYSICS SVEAGRUVA | | 27 EDGEØYA | ARCTIC TECHNOLOGY STORFJORDEN | | 31 HORnsunD | STUDENT COunCIL | 37 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIOns 2013 | 38 SVALBARD | GUEST LECTURERS 2013 | 42 Frontpage August 2013: AB-201 students sampling tadpole shrimps outside Ny-Ålesund, with the mountain Scheteligfjellet in the background. Photo: Steve Coulson/UNIS 4 UNIS | ANNUAL REPORT 2013 5 FROM THE DiRECTOR For the last couple of years we have been developing a new UNIS had 497 students from 36 countries attending altogether strategy for UNIS which our Board have adopted and made 76 courses in 2013. The Birkeland Centre for Space Physics, effective for the period 2014 – 2020. The new strategy focuses on awarded status as Centre of Excellence, was opened in March consolidation and developing UNIS further as the internationally 2013. During the autumn UNIS became partner in the Centre leading centre in the High Arctic for research-based higher for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCex, led by University of education in close cooperation with the Norwegian universities. Tromsø) and likewise partner in the BioCEED (led by University of Bergen) Centre for Excellence in Education. For some years In October 2013 we celebrated our 20th anniversary.
    [Show full text]
  • 2000 Svalbard Workshop Report (PDF 2.5
    Opportunities for Collaboration Between the United States and Norway in Arctic Research A Workshop Report Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS) 600 University Avenue, Suite 1 Fairbanks, Alaska, 99709 USA Phone: 907/474-1600 Fax: 907/474-1604 http://www.arcus.org This publication may be cited as: Opportunities for Collaboration Between the United States and Norway in Arctic Research: A Workshop Report. The Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. August 2000. 102 pp. This report is published by ARCUS with funding provided by the National Science Founda- tion (NSF) under Cooperative Agreement OPP-9727899. Any opinions, findings, and conclu- sions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. Table of Contents Executive Summary v Summary of Recommendations viii Chapter 1. Research in Svalbard in a Global Context 1 ii Justification and Process 1 Current Arctic Research in a Global Context 2 Svalbard as a Research Platform 2 Longyearbyen 4 Ny-Ålesund 4 Arctic Research Policy 5 Norwegian Arctic Research Policy 6 U.S. Arctic Research Policy 7 Science Priorities for U.S.-Norwegian Collaboration in Svalbard 7 Multidisciplinary Themes 7 Specific Disciplinary Topics 14 Chapter 2. Research Support Infrastructure 25 Circumpolar Research Infrastructure 25 Svalbard’s Value and Potential 25 Longyearbyen 26 Ny-Ålesund 28 Specific Research Facilities on Svalbard 32 Chapter 3. Recommendations for Investments to Improve Collaborative Opportunities
    [Show full text]
  • Svalbard POP 2481 / HIGHEST ELEV 1713M
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Svalbard POP 2481 / HIGHEST ELEV 1713M Why Go? Longyearbyen ...............355 Svalbard is the Arctic North as you always dreamed it exist- Around Longyearbyen ..361 ed. This wondrous archipelago is a land of dramatic snow- Barentsburg ................. 361 drowned peaks and glaciers, of vast icefi elds and forbidding icebergs, an elemental place where the seemingly endless Pyramiden ....................362 Arctic night and the perpetual sunlight of summer carry a Ny Ålesund ...................363 deeper kind of magic. One of Europe’s last great wilderness- Around Ny Ålesund ......363 es, this is also the domain of more polar bears than people, a Magdalenefjord ............364 terrain rich in epic legends of polar exploration. Prins Karls Forlandet ...364 Svalbard’s main settlement and entry point, Longyear- Krossfjorden .................364 byen, is merely a taste of what lies beyond and the possi- Danskøya ......................364 bilities for exploring further are endless: boat trips, glacier Moff en Island ................364 hikes and expeditions by snowmobile or led by a team of huskies. Whichever you choose, coming here is like cross- ing some remote frontier of the mind: Svalbard is as close as most mortals can get to the North Pole and still capture Best Places to Eat its spirit. » Huset (p 351 ) » Kroa (p 352 ) » Mary-Ann’s Polarrigg When to Go (p 352 ) Longyearbyen » Brasseri Nansen (p 352 ) °C/°F Temp Rainfall inches/mm 40/104 12/300 Best Places to Stay 20/68 8/200 » Basecamp Spitsbergen 0/32 4/100 (p 350 ) » Spitsbergen Guesthouse -20/-4 0 (p 351 ) J FDNOSAJJMAM » Mary-Ann’s Polarrigg (p 351 ) December & March & April July & August January A jazz The light returns Days without end » Radisson SAS Polar Hotel festival and deep with week-long and an array of (p 351 ) immersion in the festivities.
    [Show full text]
  • This Is Svalbard 2014. What the Figures
    14 7 9 92 This is 5 Svalbard 2014 853 14 What the figures say 8 53 © Statistics Norway, December 2014 52 When using material from this publication, Statistics Norway must be cited as the source. 5 ISBN 978-82-537-9036-7 (printed) 2715 ISBN 978-82-537-9037-4 (electronic) 215 What do the figures tell us? Questions about statistics? Through the publication of This is Svalbard, Statistics Norway aims to present a wide- Statistics Norway’s information service answers questions about statistics ranging and readily comprehensible picture of life and society on Svalbard, based on and assists you in finding your way on ssb.no. If required, we can assist available statistics. Statistics Norway has previously published four editions of Sval- you in finding the right expert and we also answer questions bard Statistics in the Official Statistics of Norway series. Statistics from many differ- regarding European statistics. ent sources have been used in order to present a full picture of life in the E-mail: [email protected] archipelago. As of 1/1 /2007, the Norwegian Statistics Act applies to Svalbard, and Telephone: +47 21 09 46 42 Statistics Norway will accordingly be publishing more statistics relating to Svalbard. These will be available on www.ssb.no/en/svalbard/ Oslo/Kongvinger, October 2014 Hans Henrik Scheel Director General This is Svalbard is a free publication and can be ordered by e-mail at: [email protected] A PDF version of the publication can be found here: http://www.ssb.no/en/svalbard Sources: Unless otherwise stated, Statistics Norway is the source.
    [Show full text]