Sydney Metro: Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards
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Sydney Metro: Archaeological Method Statement Sydney Metro: Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards Archaeological Method Statement Report to Laing O’Rourke August 2018 Page i Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards Archaeological Method Statement Document history and status Revision Date issued Reviewed by Approved by Date approved Revision type 1 30 July 2018 SW, IS, JW SW, IS, JW 30 July 2018 First draft 2 30 July 2018 CM SW 1 August 2018 Second draft 3 1 August SW, IS SW 3 August 2018 Final 2018 4 16 August FB SW, IS 16 August 2018 Final with 2018 responses to HD Printed: 17/08/2018 15:59 Last saved: 17/08/2018 15:59 Central Station Main Works Station Box and Sydeny Yards- Archaeological File name: Method Statement 1082018 Project name: Sydney Metro: Central Station Main Works Author: Shona Lindsay, Jessica Horton, Jenny Winnett, Iain Stuart, Sandra Wallace Project manager: Shona Lindsay Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydeny Yards: Archaeological Name of document: Method Statement Name of organisation: Artefact Heritage Document version: Final © Artefact Heritage Services This document is and shall remain the property of Artefact Heritage Services. This document may only be used for the purposes for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the Terms of the Engagement for the commission. Unauthorised use of this document in any form whatsoever is prohibited. Disclaimer: Artefact Heritage Services has completed this document in accordance with the relevant federal, state and local legislation and current industry best practice. The company accepts no liability for any damages or loss incurred as a result of reliance placed upon the document content or for any purpose other than that for which it was intended. Page ii Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards Archaeological Method Statement EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Archaeological Method Statement (AMS) outlines the archaeological methodology to manage potential construction impacts to significant non-Aboriginal archaeological remains at the Central Station Main Works site as required under the Minister’s Conditions of Approval for the Sydney Metro City & Southwest Chatswood to Sydenham project Critical State Significant Infrastructure (CSSI) approval (SSI15_7400). Condition E17 of the Minister’s Conditions of Approval for the CSSI states that an AMS must be prepared in consultation with the Heritage Council of NSW (or delegate) prior to the commencement of archaeological investigation. This AMS fulfils E17 and would be implemented in the construction phase, after Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) approval. The Central Station Main Works scope involves the excavation and construction of two new Metro platforms below the existing intercity platforms 13, 14 and 15 (the Metro station box). This would include the construction of two new underground concourses, one above the Metro platforms and one constructed eastwards under the suburban platforms connecting to Chalmers Street. This would give access to all suburban platforms and enable passenger interchange between train services, new platforms and Sydney Light Rail. Enabling works within the Sydney Yards are also required in order for construction the Metro station. Archaeological resources at the Central Station Main Works site within the proposed station box and Sydney Yard areas are related to the former Devonshire Street cemetery, First and Second Railway Station expansion, Third Central Station, and the expansion of Central Station in the twentieth century and associated upgrades. The Devonshire Street Cemetery was the second formal burial ground established in the colony in 1820, and continued in use until the 1860s. The First Station was constructed in 1855 and the Second Station was built in 1874. The Third Central Station was constructed between 1906-1926 during large-scale expansion of Central Station. The assessment of archaeological potential and significance provided in this AMS is based on the Archaeological Assessment and Research Design (AARD) prepared for the CSSI approval1 The AARD divided the project site into Archaeological Management Zones (AMZ) which reflect the assessed significance and proposed impacts. Where necessary these assessments have been amended to account for additional information obtained during the preparation of the AMS. The AMS also outlines archaeological management approach based on the AARD and in response to the construction methodology and program. For example, the station box would have high impacts, and a low potential for State significant archaeological remains associated with the Devonshire Street Cemetery. The works proposed, and general archaeological management approach are outlined in the table below. Works Location AMZ Potential remains Archaeological management Platform Station box CS3 Former Devonshire Archaeological removal Street cemetery monitoring Services routes Sydney Yard CS4 First and second railway Test/salvage and other stations enabling works Archaeological monitoring 1 Artefact Heritage 2016a. Sydney Metro City & Southwest - Chatswood to Sydenham Non-Aboriginal Archaeological Assessment and Research Design. Report prepared for Jacobs / Arcadis / RPS.; and Artefact Heritage 2017. Central Walk – Addendum Archaeological Assessment and Research Design. Report prepared for JAR. Page iii Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards Archaeological Method Statement Works Location AMZ Potential remains Archaeological management Perimeter piling Station box CS3 Former Devonshire Test/salvage for station box Street cemetery north of Devonshire Street tunnel First and second railway stations south of Devonshire Street tunnel Plunge Station box CS3 Former Devonshire Test/salvage columns for the Street cemetery north of station box Devonshire Street tunnel Archaeological First and second railway monitoring stations south of Devonshire Street tunnel Bulk excavation Station box CS3 Former Devonshire Test/salvage of the station Street cemetery north of box Devonshire Street tunnel Archaeological First and second railway monitoring stations south of Devonshire Street tunnel Page iv Central Station Main Works – Station Box and Sydney Yards Archaeological Method Statement CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Project background ............................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Site location ........................................................................................................................ 2 Archaeological Management Zones ................................................................................ 2 1.4 Conditions of Approval ........................................................................................................ 9 1.5 Authors ............................................................................................................................... 9 2.0 Proposed Works ..................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Project scope .................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Platform and canopy removal/demolition ........................................................................... 10 Potholing and utility identification .................................................................................. 11 Piling for temporary platform and platform canopies ...................................................... 11 Demolition of canopies and platforms ............................................................................ 11 Removal of rail infrastructure and spoil beneath existing platforms ................................ 11 2.3 Excavations in the Sydney Yard ........................................................................................ 11 Various excavation works ............................................................................................. 12 2.4 Excavation for the Metro Station Box ................................................................................ 12 Potholing / utility identification / relocation ..................................................................... 12 Piling for box perimeter ................................................................................................. 12 Piling for plunge columns (in centre of box) ................................................................... 13 Sheet piling for temporary retention of tunnels ............................................................... 13 Bulk excavation of spoil down to rock ............................................................................ 13 Demolition of pedestrian tunnels ................................................................................... 13 Detailed excavation at Devonshire Street Tunnel .......................................................... 13 3.0 Historical context .................................................................................................... 17 3.1 Environmental Context ..................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Aboriginal History ............................................................................................................