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The Theological Socialism of the Labour Church
‘SO PECULIARLY ITS OWN’ THE THEOLOGICAL SOCIALISM OF THE LABOUR CHURCH by NEIL WHARRIER JOHNSON A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Theology and Religion School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham May 2015 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The thesis argues that the most distinctive feature of the Labour Church was Theological Socialism. For its founder, John Trevor, Theological Socialism was the literal Religion of Socialism, a post-Christian prophecy announcing the dawn of a new utopian era explained in terms of the Kingdom of God on earth; for members of the Labour Church, who are referred to throughout the thesis as Theological Socialists, Theological Socialism was an inclusive message about God working through the Labour movement. By focussing on Theological Socialism the thesis challenges the historiography and reappraises the significance of the Labour -
Michael Young: an Innovative Social Entrepreneur Stephen Meredith
Michael Young: an innovative social entrepreneur Stephen Meredith Michael Young resembled Cadmus. Whatever field he tilled, he sowed dragon’s teeth and armed men seemed to spring from the soil to form an organization and correct the abuses or stimulate the virtues he had discovered … Michael Young was a remarkable example of the merits of the education at Dartington Hall. He knew neither what a groove was nor the meaning of orthodoxy.1 Michael Young described Labour’s post-war programme in its reconstructive 1945 election manifesto as ‘Beveridge plus Keynes plus socialism’.2 Although Young is perhaps most famous for his principal contribution to Labour’s seminal 1945 election document, his was subsequently an uneasy relationship with the Labour Party and state socialism as a vehicle for the decentred, participatory, community and consumer-based social democracy he favoured.3 He always claimed to be ‘motivated by opposition’ and ‘moved by … the wonderful potential in all of us that isn’t being realised’ or recognised by large and remote state enterprise. This was supplemented by a communitarian and collaborative ethos of mutual aid, believing that smaller-scale ‘co-operatives were on principle the best sort of organisation for economic and social purposes’ (although conscious that even a large retail Co-operative movement could display tell-tale signs of bureaucratic centralism and consumer restriction).4 His problematic relationship with the Labour Party was evident soon after the emphatic post-war election victory he helped to create. -
People and Planning’ 50 Years On: the Never-Ending Struggle for Planning to Engage with People
‘People and Planning’ 50 Years On: the Never-Ending Struggle for Planning to Engage with People Francesca Sartorio Cardiff University Glamorgan Building King Edward VII Avenue Cardiff CF10-3WA Orcid ID 0000-0001-6684-5629 [email protected] ‘People and Planning,’ the Report of the Committee on Public Participation in Planning to the Minister of Housing and Local Government, to the Secretary of State for Scotland and to the Secretary of State for Wales was printed in the Autumn of 1969. The Committee, comprising 26 members and Chaired by Mr. Arthur Skeffington, MP for Hayes and Harlington, had been appointed in March 1968, following the passing of a new Town and Country Planning Act just two months earlier, ‘to consider and report on the best methods …of securing the participation of the public at the formative stage in the making of development plans for their area’ (Great Britain, 1969: 1). To use the words of the Minister for Housing and Local Government, Anthony Greenwood there was a feeling that, “… attitudes have got to change: we have got to get rid of the idea that the planners and the planned are on different sides of the fence, and we must study ways of getting them talking together” (Hansard, 1968). My gaze on ‘People and Planning’ is that of the external observer, not being British myself and not having lived in the UK over the past fifty years. I discovered a dusty copy of the so-called ‘Skeffington Report’ in the Cardiff University library by chance, at some point in 2014. -
Community-Led Regeneration
Community-Led Regeneration Community-Led Regeneration A Toolkit for Residents and Planners Pablo Sendra and Daniel Fitzpatrick First published in 2020 by UCL Press University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT Available to download free: www.uclpress.co.uk Text © Authors, 2020 Images © Authors and copyright holders named in captions, 2020 The authors have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the authors of this work. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from The British Library. This book is published under a Creative Commons 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0). This licence allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work; to adapt the work and to make commercial use of the work providing attribution is made to the authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Sendra, P. and Fitzpatrick, D. 2020. Community-Led Regeneration: A Toolkit for Residents and Planners. London: UCL Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111. 9781787356061 Further details about Creative Commons licences are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Any third-party material in this book is published under the book’s Creative Commons licence unless indicated otherwise in the credit line to the material. If you would like to reuse any third-party material not covered by the book’s Creative Commons licence, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. ISBN: 978-1-78735-608-5 (Hbk.) ISBN: 978-1-78735-607-8 (Pbk.) ISBN: 978-1-78735-606-1 (PDF) ISBN: 978-1-78735-609-2 (epub) ISBN: 978-1-78735-610-8 (mobi) DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.9781787356061 Contents List of figures vii List of abbreviations x List of contributors xi Preface by Richard Lee and Michael Edwards, Just Space xiii Acknowledgements xvi Introduction 1 Part I: Case Studies 9 1. -
Crown Copyright Catalogue Reference
(c) crown copyright Catalogue Reference:CAB/128/41 Image Reference:0041 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT Printed for the Cabinet. September 1966 CC (66) Copy No. 3 7 41st Conclusions CABINET CONCLUSIONS of a Meeting of the Cabinet held at JO Downing Street, S.W.1, on Tuesday, 2nd August, 1966, at 10 a.m. Present: The Right Hon. HAROLD WILSON, M P, Prime Minister The Right Hon. HERBERT BOWDEN, The Right Hon. LORD GARDINER, M p, Lord President of the Council Lord Chancellor The Right Hon. JAMES CALLAGHAN, The Right Hon. MICHAEL STEWART, MP, Chancellor of the Exchequer M P, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs The Right Hon. DENIS HEALEY, M P, The Right Hon. ARTHUR BOTTOMLEY, Secretary of State for Defence M P, Secretary of State for Common wealth Affairs The Right Hon. ROY JENKINS, MP, The Right Hon. WILLIAM ROSS, M P, Secretary of State for the Home Secretary of State for Scotland Department The Right Hon. DOUGLAS HOUGHTON, The Right Hon. DOUGLAS JAY, MP, M P, Minister without Portfolio President of the Board of Trade The Right Hon. ANTHONY GREENWOOD, The Right Hon. ANTHONY CROSLAND, M p, Minister of Overseas Develop M p, Secretary of State for Education ment and Science The Right Hon. RICHARD GROSSMAN, The Right Hon. THE EARL OF MP, Minister of Housing and Local LONGFORD, Lord Privy Seal Government (Items 1-5) The Right Hon. R. J. GUNTER, MP, The Right Hon. FRED PEART, MP, Minister of Labour Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food The Right Hon. -
Appendix: Biographical Notes on Labour Mps, Meps and Peers
Appendix: Biographical Notes on Labour MPs, MEPs and Peers Abbreviations hp hereditary peer LBLG Leader, British Labour Group LEPLP Leader, European Parliamentary Labour Party LLP Leader of the Labour Party lp life peer MP Member of Parliament MEP Member of the European Parliament (elected since 1979) mep Member of the Commons or Lords delegated to the European Parliament before 1979 PM Prime Minister Albu, Austen (1903–93) MP 48–74 Archer, Peter (1926–) MP 66–92; lp 92 Ardwick, John (Beavan) (1910–94) lp 70; mep 75–79 Ashton, Joe (1933–) MP 68–01 Attlee, Clement (1883–1967) MP 22–55; LLP 35–55; PM 45–51; hp 55 Balfe, Richard (1944–) MEP 79– Barnes, Michael (1932–) MP 66–74 Barnett, Joel (1923–) MP 64–83; lp 83 Becket, Margaret (1943–) MP 83– Benn, Tony (1925–) MP 50–60, 63–83, 84–01 Berry, Roger (1948–) MP 92– Bevan, Aneurin (1897–1960) MP 29–60 Bevin, Ernest (1881–1951) MP 40–51 Bidwell, Sidney (1917–97) MP 66–92 Blair, Tony (1953–) MP 83–; LLP 94–; PM 97– Boothroyd, Betty (1929–) MP 73–2000; mep 75–77 Bradley, Tom (1926–) MP 62–83 (Lab –81; SDP –83) Brown, George (1914–85) MP 45–70; lp 70 Brown, Gordon (1951–) MP 83– Brown, Ron (1921–) MP 64–83 (Lab –81; SDP –83) Bruce, Donald (1912–) MP 45–50; lp 1974–; mep 75–79 Caborn, Richard (1943–) MEP 79–84; MP 83– Callaghan, James (1912–) MP 45–87; LLP 76–81; PM 76–79; lp 87 Castle, Barbara (1910–) MP 45–79; MEP 79–94; LBLG 79–85; lp 79 Castle, Ted (1907–79) lp 74; mep 75–79 Clinton Davis, Stanley (1928–) MP 70–83; EC 85–88; lp 90 Clwyd, Anne (1937–) MEP 79–84; MP 84– Coates, Ken (1930–) MEP -
Fabian Society
FABI AN SO CI ETY 7ath An n u a l Re por t l st jU LY I 960 TO 3 oth j U NE I 96 l I NTRODUCTI ON HE year under review was in some ways a difficult one for the Society . ’ e nd i ie Th ere was a further increase in the Society s res arch work a activ t s , but the admini strative machi nery was stretche d to its limit by this extra e th e e e two m n work , by the enforced abs nce of e G en ral S cr tary for o ths , a nd by the relative inexperience of some members of the sta ff. ’ i e i e The importance of the Soc ety s work was r cogn sed , howev r , as a striking in crease in national membership a nd wide publicity for Fabia n m e e e i e n in the pamphlets te stifi ed . Sa les of pa phl ts w r sl ghtly low r tha e i e e e e e fi e the ten pr v ous year , but w re still w ll abov av rag gur s for past h e e e en e e n e e n years . T e Pr ss gave xc ll t cov rag to a umb r of pamp hl ts duri g the e a i th o lis in the y ar , p rticularly those appea ring n e successful S cia m Sixties series . -
The Identification Op Pactions in the British Parliamentary Labour Party 1945 - 1970
THE IDENTIFICATION OP PACTIONS IN THE BRITISH PARLIAMENTARY LABOUR PARTY 1945 - 1970 by PAMELA BERNARDINE WOODS B.A., University of Essex, England, 1969 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Political Science We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September, 1975 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purpose's may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of Political Science The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 Date June 2, 1975 ii Abstract Many studies of the British Labour Party have emphasised disputes within the Parliamentary Labour Party and attempted to explain them. There has, however, been no attempt to apply the concept of factionalism, with criteria detailing how a faction might be identified, to a study of the Parliamentary Labour Party over a period of time. It is the aim of this paper to succinctly define the term faction; to establish criteria for the purpose of identifying factions, and to determine to what extent parties to Parliamentary Labour Party disputes could be identified as factions. -
Labour Party During the 1970S
The growth of the Left within the Labour party during the 1970s ccording to the received version, the Left within the Labour Party grew in strength during the 1970s metamorphosing Labour into a A left-wing socialist party that eventually resulted in the 1983 election defeat and political wilderness. How true is the assessment? Was the growth of the Left in the party an aberration, a passing fling with parliamentary politics by the revolutionary left aided by Labour’s organisational liberalism? Perhaps trade unions felt bloody minded after In Place of Strife. Or possibly the collapse of the social democratic agenda discredited its supporters who abandoned Labour for new pastures whilst those who remained were stimulated to radicalism by the charismatic personality of Tony Benn. t the end of Labour’s second ever period of majority government many within Labour’s ranks felt deeply disaffected. From as early A as 1965 the Wilson government had ‘sadly disillusioned many active Socialists’ wrote Richard Clements in Tribune.1 The cause of socialism had not advanced one step, unemployment had increased, Labour had administered the capitalist state, not governed it.2 The voice of the trade unions had been ignored, the White Paper In Place of Strife had caused deep resentment. The impetus for change, the seed for the substantial growth of the Left were in place.3 Electoral defeat in 1970 to the most right-wing Conservative government since before the war only added to the sense of failure in both Labour’s parliamentary leadership and critically loss of faith in socialist revisionism as expounded by Tony Crosland. -
Local Government Reform, Urban Expansion and Identity: Nottingham and Derby, 1945-1968
Local Government Reform, Urban Expansion and Identity: Nottingham and Derby, 1945-1968 Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester by R.P. Dockerill BA Hons (Dunelm), PGCE (Dunelm), MSc, MA School of Historical Studies University of Leicester June 2013 Abstract Local Government Reform, Urban Expansion and Identity: Nottingham and Derby, 1945-1968 R.P. Dockerill This study examines changes in the governance of Nottingham and Derby in the period 1945-1968 from a local and national perspective. In so doing it foreshadows the changes wrought by the Local Government Act 1972, which usually receives greater academic attention. Post-war, local authorities became the nation’s principal landlords, while utilities, such as electricity and gas, were nationalised. In fulfilling their new responsibilities, urban authorities were forced to build estates on the periphery of, or outside, their boundaries. The relocation of residents resulted in an exportation of urban identity and greater urban-ness, but was not accompanied by a corresponding redrawing of administrative boundaries. Nevertheless, when urban authorities sought boundary extensions they were fiercely contested by county authorities, local associations, and residents’ groups. Such associations and groups claimed to possess characteristics distinct from the authorities that wished to incorporate them. There was also a fear that democratic accountability would be lost in the creation of larger units of governance. The local feelings aroused by boundary extension proposals demonstrate that local government is more than merely an agent of central government. It is a living organism: changes to it affect not only services, but also the identity of that place. -
HOUSE of COMMONS Plained Of
977 Oral Answers 17 MAY 1965 Oral Answers 978 me that I made the remark he com HOUSE OF COMMONS plained of. I am as sensitive to the rights of individuals-having had to represent them for a long period-as the hon. Monday, 17th May, 1965 Member is likely to be. The House met at half-past Sir Knox Cunningham : Will the right Two o'clock hon. Gentleman say since when it bas become unfitting for a Member of Parlia PRAYERS ment to approach the Crown in the matter of an employee through the [Mr. SPEAKER in the Chair] Minister who is responsible for the Crown as in this case? ORAL ANSWERS TO Mr. Pannell: I am sure that we should have a state of complete industrial QUESTIONS anarchy if people thought that was the first appeal rather than the last. I am PUBLIC BUILDING AND WORKS very anxious to keep all the channels Member of Parliament (Letter) open, but it would be very wrong to encourage the belief anywhere that I. Mr. Evelyn King asked the Minister people can, through their Member of of Public Building and Works why he Parliament, get something which they replied in his Ministerial capacity to the cannot get through a proper approach, hon. Member for South Dorset in a letter through the proper negotiating dated 20th January to the effect that machinery. representations regarding his condition of employment made by a South Dorset Mr. King: Is not it a fact that what constituent to his Member of Parliament ever the rights of trade unions, to which were not fitting. -
The British in Occupied Germany, 1945-1948
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Winning the peace: the British in occupied Germany, 1945-1948. Knowles, Christopher Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Title: Winning the peace: the British in occupied Germany, 1945-1948.