Delta State Development Performance In Education, Health, Agriculture, And Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Sectors, 1991 - 2013 Assessment Report DELTA STATE NIGERIA ...The Big Heart “Together for higher impact” Delta State Development Performance In Education, Health, Agriculture, And Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Sectors, 1991 - 2013 Assessment Report DELTA STATE NIGERIA ...The Big Heart “Together for higher impact” © 2014 Published under the technical assistance of the United Nations Country Office in Nigeria UN House Plot 617/618 Diplomatic Drive Central Business District Abuja, FCT by the Office of the Senior Adviser to the Governor on Foreign Relations Delta State Government Government House Asaba Delta State All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission. ISBN: 978 -978-53358-0-4 Foreword This report, which was prepared by people in Delta State. It also points out that independent consultants with the joint while substantial progress has been made in technical assistance of UNDP, UNICEF, WHO meeting some of the targets, it is still and FAO, is the UN's response to the request of necessary to develop a bolder and focused the Delta State Government to carry out an action plan where significant gaps and assessment of its performance in four key disparities exist in order to address the sectors: education, health, agriculture, and unfinished business of the MDGs and prepare water, sanitation and hygeine (WASH). for the Post-2015 Development Agenda. The analysis of each sector involved a careful It is our sincere hope that this report will help examination of the policies and strategies the Delta State Government build upon its adopted by the government, the governance successes and have a self-reflection of the and regulatory framework put in place, as progress made on the MDGs. These have well as identification of gaps and challenges in obvious implications on MDG budgeting, performance. It also focuses on sectoral policy directions, more targeted acceleration performance using, among other things, the initiatives, and localization of targets and MDG targets and indicators. indicators. Achievement of the MDG targets in Nigeria and even the post-2015 development The aim of the report is to generate lessons to agenda depend on appropriate and effective strengthen the capacity of government for policies and public spending by both national effective stewardship and the development of and subnational governments. This is the State. The policy recommendations particularly true because the state and local presented at the end of each sector appraisal governments are closest to the people in provide the basis for evidence-based policy terms of providing basic services. formulation and implementation, as well as for regulation and legislation which will The United Nations System in Nigeria will channel resources towards enhancing the continue to partner with both states and the welfare of the people of Delta State. federal government to use the analytical Translating these policy recommendations evidence of what works – and what doesn't – into action could mean reducing the incidence in local development to shape policy of disease and providing the people with formulation and adjustment, planning and better access to health care and education. In implementation. a nutshell, it means ‘human development’, which is about people; about expanding their choices to live full creative lives with freedom and dignity. Fundamental to expanding their choices is building human capabilities: the range of things that people can do to attain a Daouda Toure long and healthy life, education, a decent United Nations Resident Coordinator & standard of living and enjoy political and civil UNDP Resident Representative in Nigeria freedoms to participate in the life of one's community.1 The report highlights concerted efforts that the state and federal governments, the different communities, civil society organiza- tions, and the private sector have helped to make to expand the opportunities available to 1United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). 2003. Human Development Report 2003 Millennium Development Goals: A Compact among Nations to End Human Poverty, p. 28. New York: Oxford University Press. Contents Foreword iii Acknowledgements xi Acronyms & Abbreviations xiii Overview xvii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 State Profile 1 1.2 Objectives of the Assessment 2 1.3 Methodology 2 1.4 Limitations of the Assessment 3 1.5 Organization of the Report 3 Chapter 2: Overview of Development Frameworks and Performance 5 2.1 Governance 5 2.2 Development Frameworks and Strategies 6 2.2.1 The Millennium Development Goals 6 2.2.2 Delta State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy 7 2.2.3 Delta State Vision 2020 and 'Delta State beyond Oil’ 8 2.2.4 The 3-Point Agenda 9 2.2.5 DESOPADEC 10 2.3 Fiscal Management 12 2.4 Growth and Development Performance 15 2.4.1 State's Economic Growth 15 2.4.2 Structure of State's Output 16 2.4.3 Development Outcomes 17 2.5 The Delta State Microcredit Programme and Poverty Reduction 19 2.6 Monitoring and Evaluation 21 2.7 Some Conclusions 21 Chapter 3: Education Sector 23 3.1 Institutional and Regulatory Frameworks for Policy and Programme Implementation 23 3.1.1 Institutional Arrangements 23 3.1.2 Regulatory Framework 23 3.2 Policies, Strategies and Programmes/Initiatives in the Education Sector 24 3.2.1 Objectives of the Education Sector 24 3.2.2 Policies 24 3.2.3 Strategies, Initiatives/Programmes in the Sector 25 3.3 Funding and Resource Allocation to Education 26 3.4 Performance Results and Impacts 27 iv 3.4.1 Infrastructural Development. 28 3.4.2 Free and Compulsory Education 29 3.4.3 Scholarships and Bursary 30 3.4.4 Impact of the Education Marshal Programme 30 3.4.5 Access to Education 31 3.4.6 Enabling Performance Factors 31 3.5. Performance of the Sector in Relation to the MDGS 31 3.5.1 Performance in Relation to MDGs 2 and 3 31 3.5.2 Gender Parity Trends in Basic and Higher Education 33 3.6 Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Measures Implemented 33 3.7 Monitoring and Evaluation 33 3.8 Gaps in Performance 33 3.9 Some Conclusions and Recommendations 34 Chapter 4: Health Sector 37 4.1 Governance and Regulatory Framework of the Health Sector 37 4.1.1 Institutional Arrangements 37 4.1.2 Regulatory Framework 37 4.2 Policies and Programmes in the Health Sector 38 4.2.1 Framework for Policies and Programmes 38 4.2.2 Health Programmes/Interventions 39 4.3 Resource Allocation to Finance Agreed Priorities 43 4.3.1 SMoH Financing 43 4.3.2 DESOPADEC Health Financing 44 4.3.3 MDG-CGS Health Financing 44 4.4 Health Sector Performance and Results of Policy/Programme Implementation 45 4.4.1 The Free Maternal Healthcare Programme (FMHCP) 45 4.4.2 The Free Under Five Healthcare Programme (FU-5HCP) 46 4.4.3 The Rural Health Scheme (RHS) 46 4.4.4 HIV & AIDS Programme 46 4.4.6 Tuberculosis Control Programme 48 4.4.7 Malaria Control Programme 49 4.4.8 The Delta State Strategic Health Development Programme (SSHDP), 2010-2015 49 4.4.9 Enabling Environment and Opportunities 52 4.5 Sectoral Performance in Relation to the MDGS and State Targets 52 4.5.1 Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality by Two-Thirds of the 1990 Level by 2015 52 4.5.2 Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health 52 4.5.3 Goal 6: Combat HIV & AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases 53 4.6 Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Measures Implemented 55 v 4.6.1 Utilization of PHCs 55 4.6.2 Formalizing Public Private Partnerships 55 4.6.3 The Cluster Approach to Health Service Delivery 56 4.7 Monitoring and Evaluation of Policies and Programmes in the Health Sector 56 4.8 Gaps in Performance 57 4.9 Some Conclusions and Policy Recommendations 58 Chapter 5: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Sector 61 5.1 Governance and Regulatory Frameworks for Policies and Programmes 61 5.1.1 The Federal Framework 61 5.1.2 Institutional Arrangements 62 5.1.3 WASH Regulatory Framework and Legislation 63 5.1.4 Environment of WASH Programmes/Interventions 63 5.2. Policies, Strategies and Initiatives/Programmes in the WASH Sector 64 5.2.1 The WASH Sector Policy 64 5.2.2 Objectives, Policies and Strategies 64 5.2.3 Initiatives/Programmes in the WASH Sector 65 5.3 Public Investment and Resource Allocation in WASH 67 5.4 Sectoral Performance and Results of Policy/Programme Implementation 68 5.4.1 Sectoral Performance 68 5.4.2 Results of Policy/Programme Implementation 69 5.4.3 Factors Enabling Performance 70 5.4.4 Impact of WASH Programmes 70 5.5 WASH Sector Performance in Relation to the MDGS 71 5.5.1 Access to Potable Water 71 5.5.2 Access to Basic Sanitation 71 5.6 Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Measures Implemented 72 5.6.1 Effectiveness and Efficiency 72 5.6.2 Financial Sustainability 72 5.7 Monitoring and Evaluation of Policies and Programmes in the Sector 72 5.7.1 Monitoring of Projects 73 5.7.2 Assessment of M & E Activities 73 5.8 Gaps in Performance in the WASH Sector 73 5.8.1 Governance 73 5.8.2 Community and Private Sector Participation 74 5.8.3 Service Delivery 74 5.9 Some Conclusions and Policy Recommendations 74 Chapter 6: Agricultural Sector 77 6.1 Setting for Agricultural Activities 77 6.1.1 Policy Setting 77 vi 6.1.2 The Regulatory Framework 78 6.1.3 Institutional Framework 79 6.1.4 Rural Infrastructure 80 6.2 Programmes and Interventions 80 6.2.1 Programmes and Interventions Initiated 80 6.2.2 Relevance and Adequacy