Niger Delta Quarterly Conflict Trends

Home , Burutu, Delta State, Ideato North, Ikeduru, Isoko South, Niger Delta Avengers

July to September 2016

Sustainable peace and security remains a Heatmap of Conflict Incidents in the Niger Delta key challenge in the Niger Delta region. Data shows a significantly higher number of conflict incidents and fatalities in 2016 than in 2015. However, shorter term trends do show a slight improvement from Q2 2016 to Q3 (see page 2).

This quarterly tracker looks at the trends and patterns of conflict risk factors and incidents of violence, and their pressures on peace and stability in the Niger Delta. It is not designed as a conflict analysis, but rather it is intended to update stakeholders on patterns and trends in violence. Understanding the deeper conflict drivers, implications, and mitigating options requires a robust participatory, qualitative analysis of these trends by local stakeholders in affected communities, Heatmap shows concentration of incidents reported from July-September 2016 in the Niger Delta. Source: All data sources formatted for including women, traditional authorities, the P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org political leaders, youths, private sector actors, and others.

Conflict issues in the Niger Delta include The Niger Delta comprises 185 out of the Fishing and farming are historically the communal tensions, political competition, 774 local government areas and covers 9 main occupations in the region. The region organized criminality, and resource-based out of the 36 states of Nigeria: Abia, Akwa contains vast reserves of oil and gas, which conflicts. Incidents include militancy, piracy, Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Imo, play an important role in the Nigerian cultism, election violence, communal Ondo and Rivers. With over 30 million economy. In spite of these abundant natural violence, armed robbery, kidnapping, and people, according to a 2006 population resources, the Niger Delta is marked by land disputes varying at state and Local census, and an estimated population poverty, economic underdevelopment, Government Area (LGA) levels. Data sources density of 265 people per square kilometer, inequality, and environmental degradation. include ACLED (www.acleddata.com), the region accounts for more than 23 Historical tensions and a proliferation of Nigeria Watch (www.nigeriawatch.org), percent of Nigeria’s population. The region armed groups (militant, criminal, and ethno- NSRP Sources (focused on Violence Against is highly heterogeneous with over 40 ethnic sectarian) contribute to many of the conflict Women and Girls), the IPDU SMS early groups who speak more than 100 languages dynamics described in the following pages. warning system, and others. and dialects.

NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — July to September 2016

Conflict risk in the Niger Delta decreased remained prevalent. There was a prolifera- Notwithstanding the slight improvement, slightly in Q3 after hitting its highest levels tion of militant groups across the region, however, violence in Cross River remains in Q2 since late 2009. Insecurity in the with a series of attacks on energy infrastruc- unusually high. Violence in Imo increased region has been driven by political violence, ture in Bayelsa, Delta, Rivers, and Akwa during the quarter. protests, land disputes, inter-communal Ibom. Cult-related violence across the nine conflict, criminality and gang violence. There states continued, partly due to rival cult The most violent LGAs were Ohaji-Egbema has also been a rise in attacks on oil and gas clashes and supremacy battles among the (Imo), Ikwerre (Rivers), and Ogba-Egbema- infrastructure by new militant groups such numerous cult groups in the region, as well Ndoni (Rivers), followed by Warri South as the Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) and the as general criminality. (Delta) and Obubra (Cross River). Niger Delta Greenland Justice Movement (NDGJM), particularly in Bayelsa and Delta At the state level, in Q3 lethal violence The following pages provide a breakdown states. declined slightly in Delta, Rivers, and Cross by state as to the main issues reported River, (the three most violent states in the during the Quarter. and the trends in those During Q3, militancy, gang violence, political region) as well as Bayelsa state. issues over time. tensions, and inter-communal conflict

Incidents and Fatalities, Niger Delta Conflict Fatalities, State Level Conflict Fatalities, LGA Level Quarterly, 2016 (July-September 2016) (July-September 2016)

90 500 25 80

400 70 20

300 50 15

40 200 10 30

20 100 5 10

0 0 0

Cross River Rivers Delta Imo Bayelsa Ondo IbomAkwa Edo Ohaji Ikwerre Ogba WarriSouth Obubra Owerri Municipal Calabar Municipal Isoko South PortHarcourt NorthAba Uvwie

2015 Q32015 Q42016 Q12016 Q22016 Q3 Abia

Egbema

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

About this Conflict Tracker

We hope that this tracker provides such To ensure that the tracker is 080 9936 2222. Kindly include the relevant stakeholders with information to inform comprehensive, please contribute your state, LGA, town, date, and brief description that process of analysis and joint planning knowledge by reporting any verified of the incident. To read the latest monthly to promote sustainable peace in the Niger incident of conflict to the IPDU Early tracker, please visit: www.p4p-nigerdelta.org Delta. Warning System by texting a message to

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 2 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Abia State

Reported fatalities continued to decrease in Criminality and Vigilantism Human Trafficking the third quarter of 2016 since lethal communal violence peaked in Q1. During During the quarter, security officers In August, a 54-year old man and his wife Q3 reports of conflict risk and violence were reportedly shot several suspected criminals, were reportedly arrested by the police for most prevalent in Aba North LGA and including robbers, murderers, and child trafficking. Several pregnant girls were included violent criminality, vigilantism, kidnappers in Obi-Ngwa, Aba North, Ukwa rescued from the ‘baby factory’ operated by human trafficking and protests. West, and Ugwunagbo. In July, a medical the couple at the Ogbor-Hill in Aba North.

director at the state polytechnic was Communal Tensions reportedly abducted in Aba. In August, Protests policemen reportedly clashed with residents

In August, there were reported tensions of Unity Garden Estate in a disagreement In September, there were reported protests among community leaders regarding the over who has the right to occupy the estate. in Umuahia, the state capital, over a court potential establishment of a town union Members of the Abia Vigilante Service (AVS) judgement that nullified the election of the and youth association in Owaza community reportedly shot a woman who was incumbent governor. In September, there in Ukwa West, because of implications for celebrating her birthday at a restaurant in were also reports of protests over the the employment of indigenes by companies Aba North. Separately, a lawyer was nullified election results. In a separate in the region. In September, Ohafia youths reportedly murdered by unknown assailants incident, it was reported that truck drivers protested the reported police killing of an in Obi-Ngwa. protested taxes and levies. elderly hunter in Amaekpu community after he allegedly killed a fellow hunter.

Incidents and Fatalities, Abia State LGA Level Fatalities, Abia State Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016)

35 4.5

4 Violent Criminality 30 3.5 Other Violence 25 3

20 2.5 15 2 1.5 10 1

5 0.5

0 0

Aba NorthAba Ugwunagbo Ngwa Obi Ohafia

2015 Q 3 2015 Q4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 3 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Akwa Ibom State

Akwa Ibom was one of the least violent Violent Criminality Communal Tensions states in the Niger Delta during Q3 2016, based on reported incidents of conflict. In July, three members of a gang of In August, five fatalities were reported in a Uruan LGA had the highest levels of kidnappers were reported arrested by the dispute between two communities in Uruan violence in the state during the quarter due police in Eket. Also in July, a two-year old girl LGA, over the ownership of a land where an to inter-communal conflict which led to the was reported killed by her father during a oil well is located. Youths from one of the deaths of several people. Overall incidents scuffle with her mother in Ikot Abasi. communities attacked the other community in Akwa Ibom also included militancy, Separately, a 30-year old man reportedly and killed five people. In September, women cultism, and criminality. There was also a killed his daughter in Ibiono Ibom. Also, a in Essien Udim protested over conflict protest reported over government salaries man reportedly killed his 60-year old uncle between herdsmen and farmers in in Uyo during the period. during an argument in Offong-Oruko. In Umoessiem community.

August, eight fishermen were reported Militancy and Vandalism kidnapped by pirates in Ibeno. Separately, a woman was killed by her son in Eket. In In July, an oil pipeline was reportedly September, a man reportedly murdered a attacked by Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) in commercial motorcyclist with a machete in Nsit Ibom. In a separate incident, the NDA Onna. Separately, a police corporal was reportedly bombed an oil terminal in Ibeno, reportedly killed by robbers in Etinan. One causing it to close. In August, three person was reportedly killed in a clash suspected pipeline vandals with Improvised between factions of the Axe Men in Oron. Explosive Devices (IEDs) were reported arrested by the police in Eket.

Incidents and Fatalities, Akwa Ibom State LGA Level Fatalities, Akwa Ibom Quarterly Trends (July-August 2016) 14 5 Communal/Ethnic Violence 12 4 Cult Clashes Other Fatalities 10 3 8

6 2

4 1 2

Uruan Oron Eket Etinan IbionoIbom IkotAbassi Urue

Offong

2015 Q3 2015 Q 4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 4 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Bayelsa State

The third quarter of 2016 saw a drop in groups reportedly engaged in a gun battle (NDLEA) reportedly arrested nearly 60 both reported incidents and fatalities in over a missing speed boat in the Gbaran suspected illegal drug dealers around Bayelsa. This followed a spike of reported community of Southern Ijaw. In August, Yenagoa LGA. incidents in the second quarter as a result suspected members of the NDA reportedly of militancy and violent criminality. The attacked a military checkpoint in Nembe, drop in violent conflict reports and reported killing three soldiers and stealing their rifles Communal Tensions fatalities this quarter could be the result of and gunboat. Separately, operatives of the the suspension of attacks by some of the Joint Task Force (JTF) reportedly attacked the In July, there was reportedly conflict militant groups in the Niger Delta following hideout of members of the NDA in Southern between Egbesouware and Azagbene several peace talks initiated by the Federal Ijaw, killing two militants and arresting three communities in Ekeremor over a fishing government in which some militant groups others. lake. In August, tensions were reportedly participated. A majority of reported high in Agrissaba community in Nembe incidents in Q3 were concentrated in Brass, Violent Criminality following the arrest of a traditional ruler by Nembe and Southern Ijaw LGAs. Aside from operatives of the Department of State militancy, other issues reported during the Security over alleged involvement in a In July, pirates reportedly ambushed and quarter included communal tensions and protest against an international oil killed an officer of the Nigerian Security and violent criminality. company. In September, there was Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) in Southern reportedly tension in Korokorosei communi- Ijaw. Separately, a staff member of the ty in Southern Ijaw following the death of a Militancy Independent National Electoral Commission robbery suspect in the custody of members (INEC) was reportedly abducted in Ogbia by of the Vigilante Group of Nigeria. Houses Militancy continues to be a key issue this gunmen who later demanded a ransom. In were reportedly destroyed in retaliatory quarter, especially in Nembe, Brass, and August, the father of a lawmaker was attacks between the vigilante and communi- Southern Ijaw LGAs. In July, the Niger Delta reported to have been kidnapped in ty residents. In Yenagoa, violent clashes Avengers (NDA) reportedly attacked a crude Yenagoa. In September, operatives of the were reported to have taken place among oil facility in Nembe. Separately, two militant National Drug Law Enforcement Agency youth during a local election.

Incidents and Fatalities, Bayelsa State LGA Level Fatalities, Bayelsa State Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016) 45 5 40 35 4 30 25 3 20 2 15 10 1 5 0

Brass Nembe Ijaw S. 2015 2015 2015 2016 2016 2016 Yenagoa

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3

Incidents Fatalities Militancy/Piracy Other Violence

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 5 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Cross River State

Cross River experienced a slight decrease in sustained injuries during a violent clash Militancy reported fatalities in the third quarter. This between Ochon and Otutop communities followed spike in reported fatalities in the over land dispute in Ikom LGA. Several A soldier was reported killed in a gun battle second quarter that was the highest in the people were reportedly killed in renewed with militants in Bakassi in September. state since 2012. Conflict issues in Q3 2016 clashes between Inyima and Onyadama Separately, five members of the militant were largely driven by inter-communal communities in Obubra and Yakurr LGAs. group, Bakassi Strike Force (BSF) were tensions, including land competition and reportedly arrested by the Navy in Bakassi. boundary disputes. Other trends in Violent Criminality reported conflict during the quarter included violent criminality, militancy, and Protests In July, a former lawmaker was reportedly protests. abducted in Akpabuyo. Separately, a staff In July, members of the Bakassi Strike Force member of Etung LGA was reportedly reportedly barricaded the state governor’s Communal Violence abducted in Calabar. In a separate incident, office in Calabar over issues related to the police arrested a kidnapper and rescued a Presidential Amnesty Program and the In July and August, hundreds of people were victim in Calabar. In August, a notorious alleged neglect of the Bakassi returnees. reportedly displaced following a dispute robber was reportedly murdered and set Separately, ex-militants under the amnesty over a farmland between five Busi commu- ablaze in Calabar. In September, gunmen scheme reportedly protested at the nities in Obanliku. Homes, farmlands and reportedly attacked the staff quarter of the University of Calabar’s Institute of Oceanog- property were reportedly destroyed during University of Calabar, kidnapped a student, raphy over provision of training program the clashes. In September, one person was and manhandled a lecturer and his wife. certificates. reported killed, and several houses and Separately, robbers reportedly ambushed vehicles destroyed in a clash between two and killed a banker on his way to deposit communities over land in Odukpani. In a cash into an Automated Teller Machine in separate incident, several people reportedly Calabar.

Incidents and Fatalities, Cross River State LGA Level Fatalities, Cross River Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016)

50 12 Militancy 40 10 Communal/Ethnic Violence 8 Violent Criminality 30 6 20 4

10 2

Bakassi Ikom Obubra Calabar Akpabuyo Abi Yakurr

0 Odukpani

2015 Q32015 Q42016 Q12016 Q22016 Q3

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 6 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Delta State

Delta has been one of the most violent up oil pipelines in Ughelli North, Udu, and Gang Violence states in the Niger Delta since 2009. Oshimili South. Also in August, military

Compared with last quarter, there was a forces reportedly raided several militant Reported incidents involving gang violence decrease in reported fatalities in the state in camps and illegal crude oil refining sites in were prevalent in Q3, causing several Q3 2016, with Ethiope West and Warri South Sapele, Warri South, Warri South West, fatalities in the state. In July, a 22-year old LGAs reporting the highest numbers of Burutu, Ughelli South, and Isoko South, man and his friend were reportedly shot fatalities for the quarter. Conflict incidents arresting several suspects. In September, dead by cultists in Ika North. Separately, a reported in Q3 included militancy, vandal- the NDGJM reportedly blew up oil pipelines fatality and several injured persons were ism, communal violence, gang violence and in Ughelli North and Ughelli South. reported during a clash between rival cult criminality. groups in Ukwuani LGA. In August, four

Communal Violence people were reportedly killed in a rival cult Militancy and Vandalism war in Ika South. Separately, a cultist was

reportedly killed and buried by a rival cult Displaced persons as well as fatalities were Several oil facilities were destroyed in a group in Uvwie. reported as a result of communal conflict in series of attacks by militant groups in Delta Delta during Q3. In August, several missing during the quarter. In July, the Niger Delta persons and one fatality were reported as Other Incidents Avengers (NDA) reportedly attacked oil the result of a clash between Enwhe and facilities in Warri North, Warri South, Warri Igbide communities in Isoko South over Other reported incidents of violence in Q3 South West, and Oshimili South LGAs. disputed land. Separately, tensions were included protests, mob violence, and ritual Separately, the Nigerian Navy reportedly reported in Oleh, Isoko South following the killings. In July, a 21-year old commercial destroyed several illegal refineries and bombing of Isoko Development Union (IDU) bus driver suspected of robbery was arrested four suspected vandals in Warri secretariat by aggrieved youths. In reportedly lynched by a mob in Uvwie. South and Warri South West. September, two farmers were reportedly Separately, a robbery suspect who had

killed during an inter-communal clash with allegedly attacked the house of a prominent In August, 16 soldiers under the military pastoralists in Aniocha South. politician was killed by a mob in Isoko task force reportedly died in the course of South. In August, an oil company was their operations in Ethiope West. Separate- reportedly besieged by protesters for three ly, a militant group, Niger Delta Greenland days over employment opportunities for the Justice Movement (NDGJM) reportedly blew locals in Warri South-West.

Incidents and Fatalities, Delta State LGA Level Fatalities, Delta State Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016) 18 140 Gang Violence 16 120 Violent Criminality 14 Militancy 100 12 Other Fatalities 80 10 8 60 6 40 4 20 2

Ika North Ika EthiopeW. WarriS. OshimiliN. Isoko S. Sapele South Ika Uvwie WarriN. Aniocha S. Ndokwa E. 0 Ukwuani

2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 7 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Edo State

Fewer violent fatalities were reported in Q3 clash was reported between APC and PDP West. Separately, a highway robber was 2016, compared with previous quarters. The supporters during voting in Esan Central reportedly killed during a shootout with majority of incidents during the quarter LGA. There were also reports of alleged police in Ovia North-East. In September, six were related to political tensions. Oredo intimidation and bribery during elections in people including the wife of the governor of had the highest reported incidents of Esan North-East and Etsako West LGAs and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) were violence in the state this quarter. reported protests in Benin City, the state reportedly kidnapped by gunmen in Oredo. capital, over allegations of vote rigging. The victims were later released after a Political Tensions ransom was paid.

Gang/Cult Violence In the context of the gubernatorial elections, Protests tensions were high in the state as the Several cult-related violent incidents were various political parties intensified cam- reported in the state in Q3. In July, it was Edo state, especially Benin City, saw several paign efforts and canvassed for votes. The reported that a middle-aged man was killed reports of protests during the quarter. In elections, which were originally scheduled by a suspected cultist group in Esan July, nurses protested in Ovia North-East for September 10, 2016, were shifted to Southeast. In August, three people were after one of their colleagues was kidnapped. September 28, 2016, due to fears of reportedly killed during a clash between Aye In August, the state chapter of the Nigerian violence. In August, the campaign team of and Eiye cult groups at a drinking spot in Labour Congress (NLC) and the National the governorship candidate of the People’s Oredo. Separately, two young boys were Union of Local Government Employees Democratic Party (PDP) was reportedly reportedly killed by suspected cultists in (NULGE) led protests in Benin City over attacked by youths suspected to be Benin City. working conditions and non-payment of supporters of an opposing party in Jatu, salaries, respectively. Separately, ex- Etsako West LGA. In September, several Violent Criminality militants reportedly blocked roads in Benin incidents of political tensions and violence City in protest over unpaid stipends. In were reported across the state. In Etsako September, there was a reported protest by Several incidents of criminality were East and Etsako West LGAs, there was staff of an oil company over compensation reported this quarter. In August, the wife of reportedly clashes between supporters of issues in Oredo. a pastor was reportedly killed at her the All Progressives Congress (APC) and the residence by unknown assailants in Esan PDP during rallies. Separately, a violent

Incidents and Fatalities, Edo State LGA Level Fatalities, Edo State Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016) 30 4.5 4 Gang Violence 25 3.5 Violent Criminality Other Fatalities 20 3 2.5 15 2 1.5 10 1 0.5 5

Esan NE Oredo Ikpoba W. Esan NEOvia 0

2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3

Okha

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 8 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Imo State

The number of incidents and fatalities Gang/Cult violence fatality was reported during a youth riot increased in Q3 from the previous quarter. over the selection of a traditional ruler in

Key drivers of conflict in Imo state included Ehime-Mbano. Cult violence remained prevalent in Q3, political tensions, militancy, cult violence, causing several fatalities. In August, a 5-year violent criminality, and communal tensions. old child was reportedly killed in a fire after Criminality Ohaji/Egbema LGA experienced the most a house was set ablaze by suspected reports of fatalities from July-September members of the Icelando cult group, who In July, armed vandals attempted to 2016. were allegedly looking for a police inform- vandalize the facility of a telecommunication

ant in Ohaji/Egbema. Separately, a group of company and reportedly killed a security Political Tensions cultists from the Icelando and Degbam guard. In August, a couple was reportedly groups reportedly invaded a community in murdered by armed assailants, who then In July, a shootout was reported between Ohaji/Egbema, killing one person, injuring kidnapped the three children of the victims supporters of the People’s Democratic Party several others and burning multiple houses. in Unuimo LGA. Separately, two students of (PDP) and the All Progressives Congress Also in Ohaji/Egbema, ten people were the Imo State Polytechnic were reportedly (APC) during a re-run election for the State reportedly shot dead by cultists during a robbed and killed in their hostel in Ohaji/ House of Assembly in Okata and Amiri dispute over the process of selecting a Egbema. In September, a group of armed communities in Oru East. traditional leader. In Owerri North, a robbers reportedly killed a man in Owerri graduate of the Imo state university was West. Militancy reportedly killed by cultists.

Other Incidents In September, a fatality was reported during Communal Tensions a clash between a militant group and Other incidents reported during the quarter operatives of the Imo Security Network (ISN) In August, seven people were reportedly included mob violence, leadership struggles in Ohaji/Egbema. Militants later attacked a killed during a clash between members of and protests. In July, two alleged thieves government building and reportedly the Hausa community and their hosts in the were reportedly lynched and burnt to death destroyed several vehicles and buildings. Akokwa community in Ideato North. Three by a mob in Owerri. In September, there Separately, at least five militants were killed people were reportedly killed in a reprisal was a reported protest by traditional title in clashes with the Joint Military Task Force attack by the host community following the holders over an ongoing kingship struggle in in Ohaji/Egbema. alleged murder of two young women by a Ngor Okpala. Hausa security guard. In September, a

Incidents and Fatalities, Imo State LGA Level Fatalities, Imo State Quarterly Trends (July—September 2016) 50 25 Gang Violence 40 20 Communal/Ethnic Violence Violent Criminality 30 15 Militancy

20 10

10 5

0 0

Ohaji Owerri Mun. N. Ideato Ahiazu Mbaise Unuimo Ehmie Ikeduru Orlu OwerriW.

2015 Q32015 Q42016 Q12016 Q22016 Q3

Egbema

Mbano

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 9 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Ondo State

Trends of reported conflict risk and violence (PDP) was reportedly killed at his home. Other Incidents in Ondo has been relatively steady over the Separately, the PDP office in Akure South last year. Key drivers of conflict risk in Q3 was reportedly attacked at night by vandals. Other incidents in Ondo state during the included political tensions, cult violence, quarter included inter-personal violence, violent criminality and protests. Violent Criminality ritual killing, and protest. In July, teachers at

St. Francis Caring Heart Mega School in Owo Political Tensions In July, two people were reportedly killed in reportedly staged a peaceful protest over a clash between rival cult groups during a unpaid salaries. In August, a female student In the context of the upcoming gubernatori- carnival in Ondo West. Separately, kidnap- of the Rufus Giwa Polytechnic in Owo was al elections in Ondo state on November 26, pers reportedly killed two policemen and reportedly murdered in Akure South by her political tensions increased slightly. In abducted two expatriates in Ondo town. boyfriend. Separately, a pregnant woman August, members of the All Progressives Also, a commercial bus driver was reported was reportedly murdered for ritualistic Congress (APC) reportedly protested in to have been shot dead by robbers on a purposes. Akure South over the alleged imposition of a highway in Ifedore. In August, two friends governorship candidate ahead of the reportedly killed a commercial motorcyclist gubernatorial elections in the state. In in Ile-Oluji-Okeigbo and stole the victim’s September, the chairman of the Okitipupa motorcycle. chapter of the People’s Democratic Party

Incidents and Fatalities, Ondo State LGA Level Fatalities, Ondo State Quarterly Trends (July—September 2016) 20 3.5 Violent Criminality 3 Gang Violence 15 2.5 Other Fatalities

2 10 1.5

5 1 0.5

Ifedore AkureSouth AkureNorth West Ondo Ese Ile Okitipupa

0 Odigbo

- Oluki

2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3 Odo

- Okeigbo

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

PARTNERS FOR PEACE | FOUNDATIO N FOR PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES IN THE NIGER DELTA | THE FUND FOR PEACE 10 NIGER DELTA QUARTERLY CONFLICT TRENDS: JULY — SEPTEMBER 2016

Regional Patterns and Trends in Conflict Risk — Rivers State

Rivers was one of the most violent states in Militancy were reportedly kidnaped by gunmen in the Niger Delta this quarter based on Port Harcourt. Separately, two nurses were reported incidents of conflict, despite Soldiers under the military’s ‘Operation reported kidnapped by gunmen who later downward trends in conflict risk and violent Crocodile Smile’ reportedly killed five demanded a ransom in Ogba/Egbema/ fatalities since Q2 2016. Reports of violent militants in Ikwerre. Suspected members of Ndoni. Also in September, a pastor was fatalities and conflict incidents both the Niger Delta Avengers (NDA) reportedly reportedly kidnapped in Emohua. dropped in Q3 2016. For context, violence in destroyed an oil pipeline in Bonny. Q1 was higher than at any time since 2009. Communal Conflict Ikwerre was the most lethal LGA this Other Violent Criminality quarter. Issues reported in Q3 included cult- In July, eight people were reportedly killed related violence, political tensions, Reported incidents of criminality during the during clashes between the Barako and criminality, communal violence and quarter included kidnappings, assassina- Nwebiara communities in Gokana. It was militancy. tions, carjacking, and robberies in Obio/ also reported that the chief of Nwebiara

Akpor, Port Harcourt, Gokana, Ikwerre, and was killed on his way to a reconciliation Gang/Cult Violence Ahoada East LGAs. In July, gunmen meeting between elders from the Barako reportedly killed a policeman in Gokana and Nwebiara communities. Separately, Lethal clashes involving Greenlanders and and made away with his weapon. In August, there were reported tensions among Icelanders were reported in Emohua and an account officer in the Presidential residents following the state governor’s Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni, where violence was Amnesty Program who was allegedly in reported withdrawal of the certificate of particularly acute, as well as Ikwerre, and dispute with ex-militants over deductions recognition of a paramount ruler in Obio/ Ogu/Bolo. In Emuoha, thirteen cultists were from their monthly stipends was reportedly Akpor. reportedly killed in a clash between the killed along the expressway in Ahoada East. Icelanders and Degbam cult groups. In Political Tensions Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni, four persons were In Aluu community in Ikwerre LGA, a reportedly killed in a cult clashes. Also, prominent human rights lawyer and counsel In the context of the re-run legislative members of the Greenlanders group to an APC chieftain in a murder case was elections in the state, the Khana office of the attacked two communities in the LGA, killing reportedly killed. In Obio/Akpor, three Independent National Electoral Commission several. Suspected cultists also shot two policemen were reportedly killed by (INEC) in Bori was burned down in July. In policemen and killed a soldier in the LGA. kidnappers. In Ikwerre, two lecturers with September, gunmen in military uniforms the University of Port Harcourt were reportedly burned down the home of a reportedly kidnapped in two separate former State House of Assembly member incidents. In September, fifteen oil workers and an APC chieftain in Emuoha.

Incidents and Fatalities, Rivers State LGA Level Fatalities, Rivers State Quarterly Trends (July-September 2016) 250 18 16 Violent Criminality Gang Violence 200 14 Communal/Ethnic 12 150 Militancy 10 Other Fatalities 100 8 6 50 4 2

0 0

Ikwerre Ogba Emuoha Gokana AhoadaEast Tai Obio PortHarcourt Akuku

2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2016 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3

Akpor

Egbema

Toru

Incidents Fatalities

Data for map and bar charts from ACLED and Nigeria Watch formatted and integrated on P4P Peace Map www.p4p-nigerdelta.org

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About Us

PIND The Fund For Peace The Projects

The Foundation for Part- The Fund for Peace IPDU: The Integrated nership Initiatives in the (FFP) is an independ- Peace and Development Niger Delta (PIND) is a ent, nonpartisan, Unit (IPDU) of PIND re- not-for-profit organization that develops 501(c)(3) non-profit research and education- sponds to emerging threats and mobilizes innovative partnerships for peacebuilding al organization founded over five decades appropriate actors and resources for pre- and sustainable livelihoods in the Niger Del- ago, headquartered in Washington D.C. FFP ventive interventions. ta. PIND has developed a Peace Map to works to prevent conflict and promote sus- P4P: Partners for Peace (P4P) is a network of bring together data on peace and conflict for tainable security by building relationships peace actors whose mission is to build social validation, triangulation and multi- and trust across diverse sectors and by de- capital around peacebuilding by amplifying stakeholder collaboration. veloping innovative technologies and tools. the voices of positive actors, and collaborat- ing on activities for conflict early warning, management, and prevention.

Inquiries Report Incidents: IPDU Early Warning System

Afeno Super Odomovo Please report any verified incident of conflict to the IPDU SMS early IPDU Research Coordinator warning system: Telephone: 08172401595 Email: [email protected] Text: 080 9936 2222

Kindly include the State, LGA, Town, Date, and brief incident description

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