Spacewatchafrica April Edition 2019
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Monsoon 2008 (July-September) AIR POWER CENTRE for AIR POWER STUDIES New Delhi
AIR POWER Journal of Air Power and Space Studies Vol. 3, No. 3, Monsoon 2008 (July-September) AIR POWER CENTRE FOR AIR POWER STUDIES New Delhi AIR POWER is published quarterly by the Centre for Air Power Studies, New Delhi, established under an independent trust titled Forum for National Security Studies registered in 2002 in New Delhi. Board of Trustees Shri M.K. Rasgotra, former Foreign Secretary and former High Commissioner to the UK Chairman Air Chief Marshal O.P. Mehra, former Chief of the Air Staff and former Governor Maharashtra and Rajasthan Smt. H.K. Pannu, IDAS, FA (DS), Ministry of Defence (Finance) Shri K. Subrahmanyam, former Secretary Defence Production and former Director IDSA Dr. Sanjaya Baru, Media Advisor to the Prime Minister (former Chief Editor Financial Express) Captain Ajay Singh, Jet Airways, former Deputy Director Air Defence, Air HQ Air Commodore Jasjit Singh, former Director IDSA Managing Trustee AIR POWER Journal welcomes research articles on defence, military affairs and strategy (especially air power and space issues) of contemporary and historical interest. Articles in the Journal reflect the views and conclusions of the authors and not necessarily the opinions or policy of the Centre or any other institution. Editor-in-Chief Air Commodore Jasjit Singh AVSM VrC VM (Retd) Managing Editor Group Captain D.C. Bakshi VSM (Retd) Publications Advisor Anoop Kamath Distributor KW Publishers Pvt. Ltd. All correspondence may be addressed to Managing Editor AIR POWER P-284, Arjan Path, Subroto Park, New Delhi 110 010 Telephone: (91.11) 25699131-32 Fax: (91.11) 25682533 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.aerospaceindia.org © Centre for Air Power Studies All rights reserved. -
Orbital Debris: a Chronology
NASA/TP-1999-208856 January 1999 Orbital Debris: A Chronology David S. F. Portree Houston, Texas Joseph P. Loftus, Jr Lwldon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas David S. F. Portree is a freelance writer working in Houston_ Texas Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................ iv Preface ........................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... vii Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................ ix The Chronology ............................................................................................................. 1 1961 ......................................................................................................................... 4 1962 ......................................................................................................................... 5 963 ......................................................................................................................... 5 964 ......................................................................................................................... 6 965 ......................................................................................................................... 6 966 ........................................................................................................................ -
Another Global History of Science: Making Space for India and China
BJHS: Themes 1: 115–143, 2016. © British Society for the History of Science 2016. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. doi:10.1017/bjt.2016.4 First published online 22 March 2016 Another global history of science: making space for India and China ASIF SIDDIQI* Abstract. Drawing from recent theoretical insights on the circulation of knowledge, this article, grounded in real-world examples, illustrates the importance of ‘the site’ as an analytical heur- istic for revealing processes, movements and connections illegible within either nation-centred histories or comparative national studies. By investigating place instead of project, the study reframes the birth of modern rocket developments in both China and India as fundamentally intertwined within common global networks of science. I investigate four seemingly discon- nected sites in the US, India, China and Ukraine, each separated by politics but connected and embedded in conduits that enabled the flow of expertise during (and in some cases despite) the Cold War. By doing so, it is possible to reconstruct an exemplar of a kind of global history of science, some of which takes place in China, some in India, and some else- where, but all of it connected. There are no discrete beginnings or endings here, merely points of intervention to take stock of processes in action. Each site produces objects and knowledge that contribute to our understanding of the other sites, furthering the overall narra- tive on Chinese and Indian efforts to formalize a ‘national’ space programme. -
The New Commercial Spaceports
The New Commercial Spaceports Derek Webber1 Spaceport Associates, Rockville, Maryland 20852,USA During the second half of the 20th Century, the first launch sites were established, mostly during the ‘fifties and ‘sixties. They were originally a product of the cold war and served military and civil government purposes. They were used for launching sounding rockets, space probes, for missile testing and injecting military, scientific, and eventually commercial satellites into orbit. Initially the sites were in either the USA or the former Soviet Union, but gradually they were introduced in other countries too. Governmental astronaut crews were also sent into orbit from these early launch sites. As the 21st Century begins, a new era is emerging where a fuller range of commercial missions will be undertaken and moreover where public space travel will become common place. This situation ushers in a new kind of launch facility, known as the commercial spaceport. I. Introduction here will be vastly different requirements for the future public space travelers, and their families and friends, T than are normally available at the traditional launch sites built fifty years ago. Indeed, the creation of this emerging kind of facility, the commercial spaceport, is in some ways a very necessary part of the creation of the new space businesses that the twenty-first century offers. It will be essential that, while the space tourism companies are becoming established in order to provide services to the new public space travelers, suitable ground based facilities will be developed in parallel to sustain and support these operations. This paper provides an insight into these commercial spaceport facilities, and their characteristics, in order to assist in both design and business planning processes. -
A Comparison of the Rocket and Satellite Sectors$ Andrew S
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/authorsrights Author's personal copy Acta Astronautica 103 (2014) 142–167 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Acta Astronautica journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/actaastro China's space development history: A comparison of the rocket and satellite sectors$ Andrew S. Erickson a,b,n,1 a U.S. Naval War College, United States b John King Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies, Harvard University, United States article info abstract Article history: China is the most recent great power to emerge in aerospace. It has become the first Received 3 March 2014 developing nation to achieve some measure of aerospace production capability across Received in revised form the board. Outside the developed aerospace powers, only China has demonstrated 16 May 2014 competence concerning all aspects of a world-class aerospace industry: production of Accepted 16 June 2014 advanced rockets, satellites, and aircraft and of their supporting engineering, materials, Available online 26 June 2014 and systems. As an emerging great power during the Cold War, China was still limited in Keywords: resources, technology access, and capabilities. -
NIDS China Security Report 2021 China’S Military Strategy in the New Era
ISBN: 978-4-86482-088-2 NIDS CHINA SECURITY REPORT NIDS China Security Report 2021 China’s Military Strategy in the New Era National Institute for Defense Studies, Japan National Institute for Defense Studies, Japan NIDS China Security Report 2021 China’s Military Strategy in the New Era Published by The National Institute for Defense Studies 5-1 Honmura-cho, Ichigaya, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8808 Japan Website: http://www.nids.mod.go.jp Translated by INTERBOOKS Copyright © 2020 by the National Institute for Defense Studies, Japan All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written, prior permission from the publisher. The China Security Report 2021 comprises NIDS researchers’ analyses and descriptions based on information compiled from open sources in Japan and overseas. The statements contained herein do not necessarily represent the official position of the Government of Japan or the Ministry of Defense. This publication is a translation of the Japanese version originally published in November 2020. ISBN978-4-86482-088-2 Printed in Japan NIDS China Security Report 2021 Contents Preface iii Summary v Acronyms and Abbreviations viii Introduction 2 Chapter 1: China’s Preparations for Informatized Warfare 1. Changes in China’s Military Strategy 6 (1) The Era of Mao Zedong (1927–1976): The Curse of the Final War and Active Defense 6 (2) The Era of Deng Xiaoping (1976–1989): A Break from the Final War and a Shift to Local War 7 (3) The Era of Jiang Zemin (1989–2004): Local Wars under High-Tech Conditions 9 (4) The Era of Hu Jintao (2004–2012): Informatized Local Wars 10 2. -
China Dream, Space Dream: China's Progress in Space Technologies and Implications for the United States
China Dream, Space Dream 中国梦,航天梦China’s Progress in Space Technologies and Implications for the United States A report prepared for the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Kevin Pollpeter Eric Anderson Jordan Wilson Fan Yang Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Dr. Patrick Besha and Dr. Scott Pace for reviewing a previous draft of this report. They would also like to thank Lynne Bush and Bret Silvis for their master editing skills. Of course, any errors or omissions are the fault of authors. Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 108-7. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. CONTENTS Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... iii Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 -
The Chinese People's Liberation Army at 75
THE LESSONS OF HISTORY: THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY AT 75 Edited by Laurie Burkitt Andrew Scobell Larry M. Wortzel July 2003 ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave., Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. Copies of this report may be obtained from the Publications Office by calling (717) 245-4133, FAX (717) 245-3820, or via the Internet at [email protected] ***** Most 1993, 1994, and all later Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) monographs are available on the SSI Homepage for electronic dissemination. SSI’s Homepage address is: http:// www.carlisle.army.mil/ssi/index.html ***** The Strategic Studies Institute publishes a monthly e-mail news- letter to update the national security community on the research of our analysts, recent and forthcoming publications, and upcoming conferences sponsored by the Institute. Each newsletter also pro- vides a strategic commentary by one of our research analysts. If you are interested in receiving this newsletter, please let us know by e-mail at [email protected] or by calling (717) 245-3133. ISBN 1-58487-126-1 ii CONTENTS Foreword Ambassador James R. Lilley . v Part I: Overview. 1 1. Introduction: The Lesson Learned by China’s Soldiers Laurie Burkitt, Andrew Scobell, and Larry M. -
Pavitheran Competitive Circle Mobile : 096 88 333 4 55
www.pccsouthindia.co.in Pavitheran Competitive Circle Mobile : 096 88 333 4 55 1 | 26 P a g e s CURRENT AFFAIRS JULY 2015 “ Enlightened by Professionals ” Mail :[email protected] “ “ The Power Behind Succes s”- PCC www.pccsouthindia.co.in Pavitheran Competitive Circle Mobile : 096 88 333 4 55 1-JULY: S National Doctors’ Day was observed on July 1 st . The day is observed to honour legendary physician, Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy whose birth and death anniversary falls on the same day . Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on 1 July 1882 in Patna and died on 1 July 1962. He was a legendary physician who also served West Bengal as its second Chief Minister from 1948 to 1962 . Bidhan Roy is often considered the great architect of West Bengal , who founded five eminent cities, Durgapur, Kalyani, Bidhannagar, Ashokenagar and Habra . The B.C. Roy National Award was instituted in 1976 for work in the area of medicine, politics, science, philosophy, literature and arts. S 9th National Statistics Day was observed on 29 th June around the Nation, theme was, ‘Social Development’. observed to commemorate the birth anniversary of Late Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis. S Union Railway Ministry Inaugurated Integrated Security System at 4 Railway Stations in Mumbai .{ Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Dadar , Kurla , Lokmanya Tilak Terminus (LTT) }. The system has a total of 118 CCTV cameras. S PM Modi launched the ‘ Digital India Week’ aimed at promoting e-governance with eminent industrialists promising 4.5 lakh crore rupees in investments and 18 lakh jobs in the sector. -
Statement of Dr. Namrata Goswami
Statement of Dr. Namrata Goswami Independent Senior Analyst and Author 2016-2017 Minerva Grantee Before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Hearing on “China in Space: A Strategic Competition?” April 25, 2019 This statement is submitted to the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (Commission), based on my decades old research on China as a major power in international politics and specifically of studying China’s space program. My focus today is on China’s space program and its long-term ambitions and goals. I would like to thank the Commission for this opportunity to appear before it. The Commission posed a few broad questions to me. I aim to answer them in the following order: a) What are the current status and future goals of China’s space exploration programs, including asteroid mining, a lunar base, and on-site resource exploitation? How capable is China of achieving these goals? b) To what degree are China’s civilian space programs guided by dual-use aims rather than purely civilian scientific research purposes? Related to that: how does China’s international sharing of the outcomes of its space scientific research reflect the primary aims of these programs? c) What access agreement terms China is offering prospective partners for its planned space station, and how successful has China been in attracting partners? d) policy recommendations. Current Status of China’s Space Program. China’s capability to launch, establish presence and conduct deep space exploration and resource utilization has undergone significant shifts in the last few decades.1 In 2018, China achieved the world’s largest number of space launches (39), compared to the U.S. -
Senior Space Scientist Inducted Into Astronautical Hall
CHINA DAILY | HONG KONG EDITION Thursday, October 31, 2019 | 7 CHINA Cultural craftsman Flu vaccine stockpile Murindababisha David, from Rwanda, builds a to double this season stool using the mortise andtenon technique in Cixi, Zhejiang province, on By WANG XIAODONG commission will also intensify its Wednesday. Seventeen [email protected] monitoring of flu outbreaks this overseas students learned year and improve information the traditional skill, among The supply of flu vaccines in exchanges with related depart other elements of Chinese China this year will be twice as ments to better fight the out culture, at a rosewood large as last year to ensure breaks. workshop. demand is met, the top health An Xuejun, deputy director of ZHANG YONGTAO / FOR CHINA DAILY authority said on Wednesday, add Beijing Municipal Health Com ing it is well prepared for the arriv mission, said the city increased its al of flu season. purchase quota for flu vaccines by He Qinghua, deputy director of 20 percent in July and started to National Health Commission’s give vaccinations to more vulnera Disease Prevention and Control ble groups, such as the elderly and Bureau, said at a news conference minors, as early as September. that about 28 million doses of flu As of Wednesday, about 860,000 vaccines will enter the domestic doses of flu vaccine had been used, market this winter and next and it is expected 1.5 million doses spring, which is peak flu season in will be given to residents in Beijing most parts of China — more than by the end of November, he said. -
Chapter 0 Contents
LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User’s Manual LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User’s Manual Issue 2011 APPROVALS CEN Zheng GAO Ruofei SHEN Lei Director General Executive Vice President President LM-3A Series China Academy of Launch China Great Wall Industry China Satellite Launch & Vehicle Technology Corporation Tracking Control General (CALT) (CGWIC) (CLTC) Issue 2011 0-1 LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User’s Manual [ Intentionally Blank ] 0-2 Issue 2011 LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User’s Manual FOREWORD This Long March 3A (LM-3A) Series Launch Vehicle User’s Manual is intended to provide the essential technical and programmatic information on the LM-3A, LM-3B, LM-3B Enhanced (LM-3BE) and LM-3C launch vehicles for the customers’ preliminary mission planning and spacecraft design. The Manual also provides information of the launch site facilities, the documentation required, typical launch processing, the mission analysis requirements and details of the additional engineering support available to the customer’s mission. This Manual is to be used as the baseline for using the LM-3A Series launch vehicle, and the detailed requirements will be defined in the relevant technical documents of the launch services contract. This Manual will be updated as necessary. The updated information will be provided to existing customers. The current version and all updates will also be posted to the www.cgwic.com and www.calt.com web site for download as needed. This Issue will supersede any information given in the previous issues or occasions. Users of this Manual are encouraged to contact the offices listed below to discuss the LM-3A Series launch vehicle and how the Long March (LM) launch vehicles can meet the user’s requirements.