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Revitalization of Mongolia's REVITALIZATION OF MONGOLIA’S Public Disclosure Authorized PROTECTED AREAS THROUGH EFFECTIVE FOREST MANAGEMENT OF BOGD KHAN UUL Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 May 27, 2010 2 Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 1: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................. 9 Project development objective and key indicators ................................................................................................ 9 Project area ......................................................................................................................................................... 14 CHAPTER 2: DESCRIPTION OF THE BOGD KHAN UUL ENVIRONMENT ............................. 16 Bogd Khan Uul SPA .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Valley-by-Valley Description ................................................................................................................................ 18 Bogd Khan Uul as a Sacred Mountain .................................................................................................................. 33 Archaeology ......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Sensitive Elements at Risk ................................................................................................................................... 36 Current Site threats and Pressures ....................................................................................................................... 39 CHAPTER 3: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS, INCLUDING WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ........................................................................................... 56 Policy Framework ................................................................................................................................................ 56 Legal Framework ................................................................................................................................................. 57 Administrative Framework .................................................................................................................................. 67 World Bank Operational Policies ......................................................................................................................... 68 CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................ 71 The No-Project Situation ...................................................................................................................................... 71 The With-Project Situation .................................................................................................................................. 72 Alternatives considered and reasons for rejection ............................................................................................... 73 CHAPTER 5: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, MITIGATION MEASURES, AND ENHANCEMENTS .................................................................................................................................. 76 Component 1: Management of Bogd Khan Uul Strictly Protected Area ............................................................... 76 Component 2: Mainstreaming of Protected Area Considerations into Economy-wide Policies and Plans ............ 81 Component 3: Overall Project Management ........................................................................................................ 81 Environmental Impacts of the Parallel Financed Centers ..................................................................................... 82 CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ...................... 83 General Construction Precautions ....................................................................................................................... 83 General Planning Precautions .............................................................................................................................. 83 General Fieldwork Precautions ............................................................................................................................ 83 Envirnmental Monitoring Plan ............................................................................................................................. 86 Roles and Responsibilities.................................................................................................................................... 86 Capacity Building ................................................................................................................................................. 87 Monitoring Budget .............................................................................................................................................. 87 3 CHAPTER 7: SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................. 89 Overview of context ............................................................................................................................................ 89 Bogd Khan Uul SPA and Use of Land and Resources............................................................................................. 90 People Living Inside Bogd Khan Uul SPA .............................................................................................................. 90 People Living Adjacent to Bogd Khan Uul SPA ..................................................................................................... 93 Socio-economic survey ........................................................................................................................................ 96 Socioeconomic summary by Settlement .............................................................................................................. 99 Discussion of Socioeconomic Surveys ................................................................................................................ 105 Social Impacts .................................................................................................................................................... 106 Social Development Actions .............................................................................................................................. 112 CHAPTER 8: SOCIAL MONITORING PLAN ................................................................................. 114 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 114 Roles and Responsibilities.................................................................................................................................. 114 Capacity Building ............................................................................................................................................... 114 Monitoring Budget ............................................................................................................................................ 115 CHAPTER 10: CONSULTATIONS ................................................................................................... 116 CHAPTER 11: CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................... 120 Environment ...................................................................................................................................................... 120 Social ................................................................................................................................................................. 120 APPENDIX 1: CVS OF CONSULTANTS ......................................................................................... 121 APPENDIX 2: INTERVIEWEES ....................................................................................................... 123 APPENDIX 3: CONSULTATIONS .................................................................................................... 124 APPENDIX 4: RADIATION RISKS FROM COAL ......................................................................... 133 APPENDIX 5: POSSIBLE LOCATIONS OF THE BUFFER ZONES ........................................... 134 Selecting areas for Buffer Zones ........................................................................................................................ 134 APPENDIX 6: JICA CENTER – GENERAL ASSESSMENT .......................................................... 140 APPENDIX 7: KUWAIT-MONGOLIA RESEARCH CENTER – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF DETAILED EIA .................................................................................................................................... 144 APPENDIX 8: LETTER FROM THE INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY REGARDING THE JICA CENTER SITE ...................................................................................................................................... 155 4 APPENDIX 9: GENERAL AGENCY FOR SPECIALIZED INSPECTION
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