DOCSLIB.ORG

Tuul River Basin Basin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tuul River Basin Basin GOVERNMENT OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT MONGOLIA I II III AND GREEN DEVELOPMENT Physical, Tuul river Socio-Economic geographical basin water Development and natural resource and and Future condition of water quality trend of the Tuul river Tuul River basin Basin IV V VI Water Water use Negative TUUL RIVER BASIN supply, water balance of the impacts on consumption- Tuul river basin basin water INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN use and water resources demand, hydro- constructions VII VIII IX Main challenges River basin The organization and strategic integrated and control of objectives of the water resources the activities to river basin water management implement the Tuul management plan plan measures River Basin IWM INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN plan Address: TUUL RIVER BASIN “Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mongolia” project Chingunjav Street, Bayangol District Ulaanbaatar-16050, Mongolia Tel/Fax: 362592, 363716 Website: http://iwrm.water.mn E-mail: [email protected] Ulaanbaatar 2012 Annex 1 of the Minister’s order ¹ A-102 of Environment and Green Development, dated on 03 December, 2012 TUUL RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase 1, 2013-2015; Phase 2, 2016-2021) Ulaanbaatar 2012 DDC 555.7’015 Tu-90 This plan was developed within the framework of the “Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mongolia” project, funded by the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands at Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia Project Project Project Consulting Team National Director General Coordinator Coordinator (Ph.D) Z.Batbayar (Ph.D) G.Dolgorsuren Jan Bron TUUL RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN Developed by: G.Dolgorsuren (Ph.D), N.Chagnaa Consulting engineer of Mongolia, J.Gerelchuluun Water engineer-economist, Ch.Puntsagsuren Hydro construction engineer, Wim van der Linden Water resources expert Contributions: A.Bakey (Ph.D), J.Dalai (Ph.D), U.Borchuluun (Ph.D), G.Davaa (Ph.D), D.Oyunbaatar (Ph.D), N.Jadambaa (Sc.D), Julien Demeusy Environmental expert, I.Baldangombo Hydro construction engineer, S.Tumurchudur Hydrologist-engineer, P.Khishigsuren GIS expert, D.Batjargal Engineer-hydrogeologist, Kh.Tsogzolmaa Database expert, T.Davaanyam Water tariff expert, B.Odsuren Water chemist Technical support by: P.Munguntuya, B.Oyunbold, R.Gantulga, B.Batbayar, S.Ganzorig Consultants: G.Dolgorsuren (Ph.D), Prof. Eelco van Beek, N.Chagnaa, Wim van der Linden Preprint by: Sh.Gantuul ISBN 978-99962-4-553-4 TUUL RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN PREFACE International organizations and famous scientists argued that 3 in the 21st century the cultural and economic development of the world population will depend on the countries, provinces and continents water resources quantity, availability and purity. Due to climate change, water use-demand growth and water pollution, water resources are becoming less and water demand is increasing due to population growth and economic expansion. It is a big issue facing us. Each country needs to use, protect and expand its water resources based on the millennium development goals. Each country needs to make it an objective and should put much attention to it. Transboundary rivers will have to be used by applying integrated water management in each basin. As for our country, we pay much attention to this issue. The Law on Water was approved by the parliament in 2004 and it was amended in 2012. The Law on Water states: “The ‘Integrated Water Resources Management Plan’ will be approved and implemented by the Government and the ‘River Basin Integrated Water Resources Management Plan’s will be approved and implemented by the central state administration organization in charge of environmental issues”. In order to implement this, within the framework of the cooperation between the Mongolian Government and the Government of the Netherlands, the Mongolian Minister of Nature and Environment and the Dutch ambassador in Beijing signed an agreement in 2006 to cooperate in the implementation of the “Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mongolia” project. In 2007, the Ministry of Nature and Environment of Mongolia and the Ministry of Development Cooperation of the Netherlands, signed an agreement to implement the project main phase. It was the basis of this project. The document of the project main phase specifies that an “Integrated Water Resources Management Plan of Mongolia” and two basin model plans will be developed. One of them is the “Tuul River Basin Integrated Water Resources Management Plan”. It is approved to be implemented. In 2010, according to the order of the Minister of Nature and Environment, the Mongolian territory was divided into 29 water basins. The Tuul river basin has the highest importance in water use and water demand in the country. Ulaanbaatar city is located in the basin and the population density as well as the concentration of production and services has increased in the last two decades. Also water use and water demand and negative impacts on the environment increased. Water resources are getting less and the water regime is changed, while the sectors future development depends on the river basin water resources. This plan is approved and implemented for the purpose of conducting inter-sectoral management and defining the sectors’ future development on the basis of the river basin water resources. The Tuul river basin management plan has 9 chapters and 122 sub topics. The table of measures consists of 19 challenges and 232 activities. The 1st chapter describes the geography and natural conditions; the 2nd chapter describes the water resources and water quality; the 3rd chapter describes the socio-economic development; the 4th chapter describes the water use and water demand of the socio- economic sectors and about hydro constructions; the 5th chapter describes the water use balance; the 6th chapter describes the negative impacts on the water resources and about water fees and water tariffs; the 7th chapter describes the challenges of the water management plan and the strategic objectives; the 8th chapter describes the TUUL RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN integrated water resources management plan measures; and the 9th chapter describes the implementing organization, structure and monitoring of the plan. 4 We need to pay attention to the following issues while implementing the plan: Groundwater sources currently used at Ulaanbaatar city, will not be sufficient to supply the water demand of the area after 2015. Surface water resources need to be secured by regulating the Tuul river runoff. Activities that pollute water need to be stopped if water treatment does not meet the standard to ensure the supply of fresh water. The Tuul river basin administration was established according to the Law on Water. The administration has the responsibility for the management of the local area and the water use sectors and for the plan implementation. The administration will organize these activities. I would like to note the importance of the work by the water sector researchers, project senior consultants, national and international consultants and project national team experts who actively participated in the development of the plan. Also on behalf of the Ministry of Environment and Green Development I would like to express my gratitude to the Government of the Netherlands, the Ministry of Development Cooperation, the Dutch Embassy in Beijing, the entities and other administrative organizations that supported in terms of administration, organization and data for the development of the plan. This plan will act as a basic document to protect the Tuul river basin water resources from pollution and scarcity and to use the water resources wisely. Also, it will be a model for the implementation of the measures specified in the Mongolian water basins’ water resources management plans. I do believe that ministries, agencies, local area administrations, NGOs, citizens and entities that operate in the basin, will do their best for the implementation of each measure of the plan and the successful implementation of the Tuul river basin integrated water resources management plan. May Khatan Tuul be full of water and may the public prosper! Member of Mongolian Parliament Minister of Environment and Green Development S.Oyun TUUL RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN CONTENTS 5 ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................................................................16 1. PHYSICAL, GEOGRAPHICAL AND NATURAL CONDITION OF TUUL RIVER BASIN .........................................................................................................................................................................18 1.1. Physical and geographical conditions ..............................................................................................18 1.2. Climate .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19 1.3. Soil, vegetation, forest .....................................................................................................................................20 1.4. Wildlife .......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 1.5. Land use .....................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fiscal Federalism and Decentralization in Mongolia
    Universität Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2010 http://info.ub.uni-potsdam.de/verlag.htm Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam Tel.: +49 (0)331 977 4623 / Fax: 3474 E-Mail: [email protected] Das Manuskript ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2010 Online veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam URL http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/volltexte/2010/4176/ URN urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 Zugleich gedruckt erschienen im Universitätsverlag Potsdam ISBN 978-3-86956-053-3 Abstract Fiscal federalism has been an important topic among public finance theorists in the last four decades. There is a series of arguments that decentralization of governments enhances growth by improving allocation efficiency. However, the empirical studies have shown mixed results for industrialized and developing countries and some of them have demonstrated that there might be a threshold level of economic development below which decentralization is not effective. Developing and transition countries have developed a variety of forms of fiscal decentralization as a possible strategy to achieve effective and efficient governmental structures. A generalized principle of decentralization due to the country specific circumstances does not exist. Therefore, decentra- lization has taken place in different forms in various countries at different times, and even exactly the same extent of decentralization may have had different impacts under different conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Health Issue Related to Heavy Metals of Ger Residents of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
    Environmental health issue related to heavy metals of ger residents of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Battsengel Enkhchimeg1,2 1 Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Department of Transdisciplinary Science and Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, G5-9 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama city, Kanagawa, 226-8502, Japan; 2 Department of Environment and Forest Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ikh Surguuliin gudamj -1, P.O.Box -46A/523 ,210646 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia [email protected] Background Mongolia is located in East Asia and bordered by China and Russia, as illustrated in Figure 1. Ulaanbaatar is the capital city of Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar has nine districts including Sonigokhairkhan, Sukhbaatar, Bayangol, Khan-Uul, Bayanzurkh, Chilgeltei, Nalaikh, Bagakhangai and Baganuur. Figure 1. Research area, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Source: Maps throughout created using ArcGIS® software by Esri. ArcGIS® and ArcMap™ are the intellectual property of Esri and are used herein under license. Copyright © Esri. All rights reserved. At present, Mongolia has 3.3 million people's lives, however, half a million people (population 1,615,094) live in Ulaanbaatar city due to migration from rural and capital city last two decades [1]. This trend would increase in the next decade in the future as showed the Figure 2. Due to unpredicted population growth in capital city over last a decade, the city has expanded in the capital city. The reason for migration is to improve their living condition, to study at university, and to find a job. There are 2 types of dwelling in Ulaanbaatar such as ger and apartment.
    [Show full text]
  • ESC Paper Style
    Organized by: BUILDING RESILIENCE OF MONGOLIAN RANGELANDS A TRANS-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH CONFERENCE June 9-10, 2015 Sponsoråd by: -1- DDC 636.07845 M-691 Copyright © 2015 by Nutag Action and Research Institute All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of the authors or publisher. Tsogt Print 2015. Printed in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia ,6%1 ISBN 978-99962-971-7-5 Proceedings of Building Resilience of Mongolian Rangelands: A Trans-disciplinary Research Conference, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, June 9-10, 2015 Edited by: María E. Férnández-Giménez Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, USA Batkhishig Baival Nutag Action and Research Institute, Mongolia Steven R.Fassnacht Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, USA David Wilson Nutag Action and Research Institute, Mongolia Translated by: Chimgee Ganbold Dugermaa Vanluu Munkhzul Purevsuren Peace Bridge Training Center, Mongolia -2- Contents Acknowledgement of Conference and Proceedings Funders Proceedings Sponsors Statement Building Resilience of Mongolian Rangelands: A Trans‐disciplinary Research Conference – Preface Maria E. Fernandez‐Gimenez, Steven R. Fassnacht, Batkhishig Baival PART I Rangeland Ecology and Management 1 Mongolian Rangeland Ecological Capacity, and Results of Studying Opportunities of Using
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction
    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Transport plays a crucial role in the efficient functioning of the domestic economy as well as development of international trade due to dependence on both coal-based energy production and imports. However, the issues in the transport sector of Mongolia are mainly derived from the salient features of a landlocked country with a low population and a long distance between population centers. A major characteristics of transportation in Mongolia is the collection and distribution by road of both passenger traffic and cargo transport from the north-south transport axis centering on Ulaanbaatar. The main north-south axis comprises both rail and road. Within road transport, the density of arterial road network remains very low and unpaved earth roads or multiple shifting tracks occupy a large portion of arterial roads. More than 30% of population and a half of national car ownership are concentrated in Ulaanbaatar City, while very low level of mobility is found in rural area because non-motorized traffic such as horse and cart prevails. Recently, such gap of mobility level is increasing. Under such circumstances, in response to the request of the Government of Mongolia (hereinafter referred to as "GOM"), the Government of Japan decided to conduct the Feasibility Study on Construction of Eastern Arterial Road in Mongolia (hereinafter referred to as "the Study"), in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations in force in Japan. Japan International Cooperation Agency (hereinafter referred to as "JICA"), the official agency responsible for the implementation of the technical cooperation programs of the Government of Japan, dispatched the preparatory study team headed by Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Narrative Report on Study Tour of Mongolian Delegates to Jaipur
    A Study Tour of Municipal Government Official from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to Jaipur, India Organised by CUTS International With the support of The Asia Foundation, India December 08-10, 2015 Introduction Mongolia is a landlocked country in east-central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. While they do not share a border, Mongolia is separated from Kazakhstan by only 36.76 kilometres (22.84 mi). Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 45 percent of the population. Mongolia is divided into 21 provinces (aimags), which are in turn divided into 329 districts (sums). The capital Ulaanbaatar is administrated separately as a capital city (municipality) with provincial status. Thus being a federal municipality, the city is not part of any province. Ulaanbaatar is divided into nine districts: Baganuur, Bagakhangai, Bayangol, Bayanzürkh, Chingeltei, Khan Uul, Nalaikh, Songino Khairkhan, and Sükhbaatar. Each district is subdivided into Khoroos, of which there are 121. The capital and provinces have Citizens’ Representative Meeting (Local parliament) elected every 4 years. Governors exercise executive power in the capital and provinces and are appointed by the Prime Minister as recommended by Citizens’ Representative Meetings. Local administrations provide support for Governors. CUTS International with the support of The Asia Foundation (TAF) organised a three- day study tour for the Municipal Officials from the city of Ulaanbaatar of Mongolia. A 15- member delegation along with two representatives from TAF India visited Jaipur from December 07-11, 2015. 1 Objective The purpose of the study tour was to enhance capacities of the government officials with respect to informed decision making, community participation and implementation of activities for service improvement in their respective areas through exposure to relevant areas in India.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Future Environmental Security Project for Mongolia
    PROPOSED FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY PROJECT FOR MONGOLIA OYUNTSETSEG Luvsandash. Senior Desk Officer, Strategic Policy & Planning Department, Ministry of Defense, Mongolia Legal Environment . National Security Concept . Law on Hygienic; of Mongolia; . Law on soil Protection & . Concept of Sustainable Desertification; Development of Mongolia- . Law on Environmental 2030; Protection; . Program of the Mongolian . Law on Land; Government 2016-2020; . Law on Subsoil; . National Soil Protection . Law on Allocation of Land Program. to Mongolian Citizen; . Law on Rehabilitation to Citizens and Town. • In urban areas, bacteriological Mining contamination related to ger district sanitation is high; Air Processing • In the rural areas, waste from Pollution factories the aimag centers and soums is the main cause of soil pollution Ger district Waste sanitation Comparison of soil quality MNS 5850: 2008: The soil of Baganuur, Bagakhangai, Bayanzurkh, Sukhbaatar, Songinokhairkhan, Chingeltei, Khan-Uul and Nalaikh districts has no heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, mercury, zinc, copper, cobalt, and strontium. However, mercury, chromium, zinc, and strontium in the soil have increased in previous years. According to the results of the heavy metals monitoring of soil quality in Bayan-Ulgii, Dornogovi, Dornod, Dundgovi, Uvurkhangai, Umnugovi, Sukhbaatar and Khentii aimags, it is normalized to exceed the MNS 5850: 2008 standard. Total area 10.9 thousand hectares STATUS OF ABANDONED MILITARY SITES Waste - 143,882.10 м3/ha Soil disturbance - 20,077.30 м3 18 30 . A soil pollution assessment survey was conducted at 18 sites. The main pollutants are metal products such as petroleum, lead, zinc and chromium. Bayan nexus point: cadmium content was 4.6 mg/kg, lead content was 680.5 mg/kg, or 580.5 mg/kg from the maximum permissible level and reached toxic levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Capacity Development Project for Air Pollution Control in Ulaanbaatar City Phase 2 in Mongolia Technical Manual 06 PM10
    Mongolia Air Pollution Reduction Department (APRD) Capacity Development Project for Air Pollution Control in Ulaanbaatar City Phase 2 in Mongolia Technical Manual 06 PM10 and PM2.5 Measurement and PM Composition Analysis Manual September 2016 Japan International Cooperation Agency SUURI-KEIKAKU CO., LTD. Capacity Development Project for Air Pollution Control in Ulaanbaatar City Phase 2 in Mongolia Technical Manual 06 PM10 and PM2.5 Measurement and PM Composition Analysis Manual Introduction In this project JICA Experts have planned filter sampling of PM10 and PM2.5 of the ambient air at some sites in every season and analyze the components of the samples. JICA Experts will use the result for identification of PM sources throughout the year including winter season when the air pollution is severe and achieve information which will be useful for the policy making. Samplings and composition analysis of 120 points in total are scheduled in 3 years from 2014 to 2016. Considering the matters of power source and security, sampling points were selected from 10 local monitoring stations (6 stations of CLEM and 4 stations of APRD (AQDCC)) in UB City. And JICA Expert Team also used one local residence in northern gel area, Chingeltei from December 2014. Mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 is calculated by comparing the mass weight of sampled filter from before to after sampling. Major chemical compositions of PM are various elements, carbon components, and water soluble ionic species. However, analysis instruments were not in Mongolian country, above samples of filter on which PM was collected were used for composition analysis in Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuul River Mongolia
    HEALTHY RIVERS FOR ALL Tuul River Basin Report Card • 1 TUUL RIVER MONGOLIA BASIN HEALTH 2019 REPORT CARD Tuul River Basin Report Card • 2 TUUL RIVER BASIN: OVERVIEW The Tuul River headwaters begin in the Lower As of 2018, 1.45 million people were living within Khentii mountains of the Khan Khentii mountain the Tuul River basin, representing 46% of Mongolia’s range (48030’58.9” N, 108014’08.3” E). The river population, and more than 60% of the country’s flows southwest through the capital of Mongolia, GDP. Due to high levels of human migration into Ulaanbaatar, after which it eventually joins the the basin, land use change within the floodplains, Orkhon River in Orkhontuul soum where the Tuul lack of wastewater treatment within settled areas, River Basin ends (48056’55.1” N, 104047’53.2” E). The and gold mining in Zaamar soum of Tuv aimag and Orkhon River then joins the Selenge River to feed Burenkhangai soum of Bulgan aimag, the Tuul River Lake Baikal in the Russian Federation. The catchment has emerged as the most polluted river in Mongolia. area is approximately 50,000 km2, and the river itself These stressors, combined with a growing water is about 720 km long. Ulaanbaatar is approximately demand and changes in precipitation due to global 470 km upstream from where the Tuul River meets warming, have led to a scarcity of water and an the Orkhon River. interruption of river flow during the spring. The Tuul River basin includes a variety of landscapes Although much research has been conducted on the including mountain taiga and forest steppe in water quality and quantity of the Tuul River, there is the upper catchment, and predominantly steppe no uniform or consistent assessment on the state downstream of Ulaanbaatar City.
    [Show full text]
  • Population and Economic Activities of Ulaanbaatar
    POPULATION AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF ULAANBAATAR Bayanchimeg Chilkhaasuren, Head of Statistics Department UB. Batbayar Baasankhuu, Chief of Division Economic statistics of Statistics Department UB. POPULATION Urbanization in Mongolia has developed sharply since the second half of the last century and the percentage of people in urban areas from the total population has been increasing. According to the census conducted in 2010, two of every three citizens in Mongolia live in urban areas. Around 44.0% of the total population of Mongolia lived in urban areas in 1969. However, this number increased to 67.9% in 2010. This increase of population of the urban areas of Mongolia within the last decade is approximate to the population increase in 30 years before this decade. According to the urbanization of the population, the majority of people are living in Ulaanbaatar city and Central region. For instance: Darkhan-uul, Dornogobi and South-Gobi where there is better infrastructure systems such as the development of mining and other services and they have tar roads and railways as well as bordering China is also a key of the population attraction. The western area of Mongolia is not under-populated and urbanization is not at an intensive level. The main attractions of urban areas are that the development of social sectors such as production, services, education and health care in Ulaanbaatar city and province centers are better than in rural areas. Therefore, many people are moving to urban areas, which increases the size of the urban population from the total population of Mongolia. The majority of the Mongolian population, around 64.2%, is living only in Ulaanbaatar city.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Create Efficient, Reliable and Clean Electricity Markets: a Regulatory Design for Mongolia and Northeast Asia
    MASTER’S THESIS HOW TO CREATE EFFICIENT, RELIABLE AND CLEAN ELECTRICITY MARKETS: A REGULATORY DESIGN FOR MONGOLIA AND NORTHEAST ASIA Working title: Beyond Mining: Barriers to Renewable Energy Investments in Mongolia Paul Maidowski International Relations (B.A.) University of Dresden, 2010 Thesis Advisor: Professor William Moomaw SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE: MASTER OF ARTS IN LAW AND DIPLOMACY THE FLETCHER SCHOOL OF LAW AND DIPLOMACY SEPTEMBER 13, 2012 Version history V 1. Original: September 13, 2012 V 2. Updated: December 7, 2012 V 2.1. Slightly edited: December 8, 2012 Abstract This paper develops a comprehensive proposal for how Mongolia’s domestic power sector could be made more efficient, reliable and sustainable. The analysis is based on inter- views in Ulaanbaatar. It reviews the literature on power sector reforms in small developing countries and regional electricity markets. In a second step, a framework is proposed for a re- gional electricity market between Mongolia, Russia and China. In principle, this framework is applicable also to South Korea and Japan. The findings include that inadequate regulation has contributed to performance prob- lems in every aspect of Mongolia’s power sector, which remains a horizontally integrated monopoly. A lack of generation capacity was ignored for decades; as a result, supply is ex- pected to fall critically short of demand for the coming 3 to 5 years. Mongolia possesses rich coal resources, but water scarcity, harmful emissions, high vulnerability to the effects of cli- mate change, social constraints and the need for economic diversification will limit the future role of conventional technologies.
    [Show full text]
  • Searching for Antidotes to Globalization : Local Insitutions at Mongolia’S Sacred Bogd Khan Mountain
    SEARCHING FOR ANTIDOTES TO GLOBALIZATION : LOCAL INSITUTIONS AT MONGOLIA’S SACRED BOGD KHAN MOUNTAIN by David Tyler Sadoway B.E.S. Hons. Co-op (Urban & Regional Planning), University of Waterloo, 1991. Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Resource Management in the School of Resource and Environmental Management Report No. 291 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY April 2002 This work may be reproduced in whole or in part. ii Approval page iii A b s t r a c t The Bogd Khan Mountain (Uul) is a sacred natural and cultural site—an island-like forest-steppe mountain massif revered for centuries by Mongolians. This sacred site is also a 41, 651 hectare state-designated ‘Strictly Protected Area’ and a listed UNESCO Biosphere Reserve of global significance (1996). Bogd Khan Uul is adjacent to the nation's capital, largest and fastest growing city—Ulaanbaatar. This case study employs an inter-scale research frame to draw linkages between current resource management problems at Bogd Khan Uul while at the same time examines the capacity of local, national and multilateral institutions to address these. In the process the research provides a glimpse of centuries old Mongol traditions—human ingenuity shaped by understandings that have co-evolved with the cycles of nature. The study provides contemporary insights into the dramatic changes that affected Mongolia and its institutions during its tumultuous global integration in the final decade of the second millennium. The study’s inter-scaled Globalocal Diversity Spiral (GDS) framework focuses upon Bogd Khan Uul site-specific issues of forest and vegetation over-harvest, animal overgrazing and problematic tourism development; and key contextual issues of material poverty and local traditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermo-Technical Retrofitting of State-Owned Schools and Kindergartens in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
    Thermo-Technical Retrofitting of State-owned Schools and Kindergartens In Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Preliminary study Main Report Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2014 Contents Introduction 6 1. Rationale 6 2. Background, objectives and the methods of the study 9 2.1. Background 9 2.3 Method and approach of the study 11 2.3.1 Scope of the study 12 2.3.2 Study tools 12 3. Issues related to the education sector of Mongolia and conditions of school and kindergarten buildings in Ulaanbaatar 12 3.1. Current situation and objectives of education development 12 3.2 School and kindergarten buildings, learning environment and challenges facing 15 3.3 School and kindergarten buildings in Ulaanbaatar 17 3.4 Need for thermo-technical retrofitting of buildings, legal frame work (Building norms and regulations (BNR), other legislation) 17 3.5 Tariff system 19 3.6 Experience and results of the demonstration project GIZ/USAID 19 4. The study results and analysis 22 4.1. The study results on kindergartens in Ulaanbaatar 22 4.1.1 General information 22 4.1.2 The current physical and operational conditions of buildings 26 4.1.3 Operational conditions of buildings 27 4.1.4. Kindergarten budget, expenses for heating, maintenance and overhaul work 43 4.2. The survey results and analysis of schools 45 4.2.1 General Information 45 4.2.2. The current physical and operational conditions of buildings 48 4.2.4 Engineering infrastructure provision 53 4.2.5 School budget, expenses for heating, maintenance and overhaul work 63 5. Recommendations for selection of buildings for TTR 66 6.
    [Show full text]