Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017 Writing Acid Formulas/Naming acids formula starts with "H" nameends in "acid"
Balance the overall charge to zero... (like ionic criss cross) +1 3 All acids start with H+1 H PO4
H3PO4 Identify the acid: cation is always H+ use the anion to name it 3 ways to name: 1. binary acids ("bi" = "2") or nonoxy acid H+ and one other element anion ends in ide HCl Cl1 chloride hydro_____ic acid HF F1 fluoride hydro_____ic acid
H2S S2 sulfide hydro_____ic acid 3 H3N N nitride hydro_____ic acid Binary rule: hydrostemic acid use stem from anion 2. Oxyacid acids contain oxygen Again, look at the anion
1 HNO3 NO3 nitrate _____ic acid
2 ______ic acid H2SO4 SO4 sulfate
3 ______ic acid H3PO4 PO4 phosphate
oxyacid rule #1: Oxyacid rule #1: if anion ends in ate, use stemic acid
I ate something icky in the cafeteria
1 HNO2 NO2 nitrite _____ous acid
2 ______ous acid H2SO3 SO3 sulfite
3 ______ous acid H3PO3 PO3 phosphite oxyacid rule #2: if anion ends in ite, use stemous acid
1 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
acid nomenclature: (review)
Acids
binary (nonoxy) oxyacid
______ide ______ite ______ate
hydro______ic acid ______ous acid ______ic acid
2 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Naming Acids
Anion Ending Acid Name
Binary @ ide hydro(stem)ic acid
ate (stem) ic acid Oxyacid/ Ternary ite (stem) ous acid
An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”
3 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Naming Acids
underline stem name of anion rule acid name bromide HBr binary: Br1 hydrostemic acid hydrobromic acid
oxyacid: H2CO3 carbonate 2 Stemic acid carbonic acid CO3
sulfite oxyacid: sulfurous acid H2SO3 Stemous acid 2 (note: not exact stem) SO3
4 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Formula Anion Anion Acid Name name
HF
HCl
hydrobromic acid
HI
hydrosulfuric acid
HNO3
acetic acid
H2SO4
carbonic acid
H3PO4
HClO2
HClO4
HNO2
H2SO3
5 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Formula Anion Anion Acid Name name
HF F is fluoride hydrofluoric acid
HCl Cl is chloride hydrochloric acid
HBr Br is bromide hydrobromic acid
HI I is iodide hydriodic acid
H S 2 S2 is sulfide hydrosulfuric acid
HNO 3 NO is 3 nitrate nitric acid
HC H O 2 3 2 C H O is 2 3 2 acetate acetic acid
H SO 2 4 SO 2 is sulfuric acid 4 sulfate
H CO 2 3 CO 2 is 3 carbonate carbonic acid
H PO 3 4 PO 3 is 4 phosphate phosphoric acid
HClO ClO¯ is hypochlorite hypochlorous acid
HClO 2 ClO ¯ is 2 chlorite chlorous acid
HClO 3 ClO ¯ is 3 chlorate chloric acid
HClO 4 ClO ¯ is 4 perchlorate perchloric acid
HIO 3 IO ¯ is 3 iodate iodic acid
HNO 2 NO ¯ is 2 nitrite nitrous acid
H SO 2 3 SO 2 is 3 sulfite sulfurous acid
6 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Review: What indicates an acid: in the name? in the formula?
HCl
HClO
HClO2
HClO3
HClO4
7 Acid nomenclature.notebook February 02, 2017
Review hydrocyanic acid
chloric acid
hydrophosphoric acid sufurous acid hypochlorous acid
8