Northwest Passage
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Northwest Passage Trail
Nunavut Parks & Special Places – Editorial Series January, 2008 NorThwesT Passage Trail The small Nunavut community of Gjoa Haven Back in the late eighteenth and nineteenth is located on King William Island, right on the centuries, a huge effort was put forth by historic Northwest Passage and home to the Europeans to locate a passage across northern Northwest Passage Trail which meanders within North America to connect the European nations the community, all within easy walking distance with the riches of the Orient. From the east, many from the hotel. A series of signs, a printed guide, ships entered Hudson Bay and Lancaster Sound, and a display of artifacts in the hamlet office mapping the routes and seeking a way through interpret the local Inuit culture, exploration of the ice-choked waters and narrow channels to the the Northwest Passage, and the story of the Gjoa Pacific Ocean and straight sailing to the oriental and Roald Amundsen. It is quite an experience lands and profitable trading. The only other to walk the shores of history here, learning of routes were perilous – rounding Cape Horn at the exploration of the North, and the lives of the the southern tip of South America or the Cape of people who helped the explorers. Good Hope at the southern end of Africa. As a result, many expeditions were launched to seek a passage through the arctic archipelago. Aussi disponible en français xgw8Ns7uJ5 wk5tg5 Pilaaktut Inuinaqtut ᑲᔾᔮᓇᖅᑐᖅ k a t j a q n a a q listen to the land aliannaktuk en osmose avec la terre Through the efforts of the Royal Navy, and WANDER THROUGH HISTORY Lady Jane Franklin, John Franklin’s wife, At the Northwest Passage Trail in the at least 29 expeditions were launched to community of Gjoa Haven, visitors can, seek Franklin and his men, or evidence of through illustrations and text on interpretive their fate. -
Download Itinerary
HIGH ARCTIC EXPLORER REVERSE TRIP CODE ACACHA DEPARTURE 02/08/2022, 25/07/2023 DURATION INTRODUCTION 12 Days LOCATIONS BOOK AND SAVE: Book by 30 November to save up to 15% off select cabins and departures* Greenland and Canada Jump aboard the Ocean Endeavour for 11 days and cruise in comfort from Kangerlussuaq to Qaqsuittuq (resolute Bay, Nunavut). This is the high Arctic at the height of summer and you will be rewarded with the history, culture, marine life and glittering scenery of this region. Highlights include a visit to Beechey Island National Historic Site; Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Protected Area; an Inuit cultural welcome at Mittimatilik; cruise amid icebergs at Jakobshavn Glacier (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) and explore Greenlandâs beautiful west coast. This journey starts in Toronto with a charter flight Northbound and ends with a charter flight southbound to Ottawa. There is the opportunity to do it in reverse from Ottawa to Toronto on certain dates. *Offers aboard the Ocean Endeavour end 30 November 2021 subject to availability. Not combinable with any other promotion. Applies to voyage only; cabins limited. Subject to availability and currency fluctuations. Further conditions apply, contact us for more information. ITINERARY DAY 1: Arrival and Embarkation in Kangerlussuaq Kangerlussuaq is a former U.S. Air Force base and Greenland’s primary flight hub. Here we will be transferred by Zodiac to the Ocean Endeavour. With 190 kilometres of superb scenery, Kangerlussuaq Fjord (Sondre Stromfjord) is one of the longest fjords in the world. We begin our adventure by sailing down this dramatic fjord, crossing the Arctic Circle as we go. -
Ilulissat Icefjord
World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1149.pdf UNESCO Region: EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: Ilulissat Icefjord DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 7th July 2004 STATE PARTY: DENMARK CRITERIA: N (i) (iii) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Report of the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (i): The Ilulissat Icefjord is an outstanding example of a stage in the Earth’s history: the last ice age of the Quaternary Period. The ice-stream is one of the fastest (19m per day) and most active in the world. Its annual calving of over 35 cu. km of ice accounts for 10% of the production of all Greenland calf ice, more than any other glacier outside Antarctica. The glacier has been the object of scientific attention for 250 years and, along with its relative ease of accessibility, has significantly added to the understanding of ice-cap glaciology, climate change and related geomorphic processes. Criterion (iii): The combination of a huge ice sheet and a fast moving glacial ice-stream calving into a fjord covered by icebergs is a phenomenon only seen in Greenland and Antarctica. Ilulissat offers both scientists and visitors easy access for close view of the calving glacier front as it cascades down from the ice sheet and into the ice-choked fjord. The wild and highly scenic combination of rock, ice and sea, along with the dramatic sounds produced by the moving ice, combine to present a memorable natural spectacle. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS Located on the west coast of Greenland, 250-km north of the Arctic Circle, Greenland’s Ilulissat Icefjord (40,240-ha) is the sea mouth of Sermeq Kujalleq, one of the few glaciers through which the Greenland ice cap reaches the sea. -
Transits of the Northwest Passage to End of the 2020 Navigation Season Atlantic Ocean ↔ Arctic Ocean ↔ Pacific Ocean
TRANSITS OF THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE TO END OF THE 2020 NAVIGATION SEASON ATLANTIC OCEAN ↔ ARCTIC OCEAN ↔ PACIFIC OCEAN R. K. Headland and colleagues 7 April 2021 Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB2 1ER. <[email protected]> The earliest traverse of the Northwest Passage was completed in 1853 starting in the Pacific Ocean to reach the Atlantic Oceam, but used sledges over the sea ice of the central part of Parry Channel. Subsequently the following 319 complete maritime transits of the Northwest Passage have been made to the end of the 2020 navigation season, before winter began and the passage froze. These transits proceed to or from the Atlantic Ocean (Labrador Sea) in or out of the eastern approaches to the Canadian Arctic archipelago (Lancaster Sound or Foxe Basin) then the western approaches (McClure Strait or Amundsen Gulf), across the Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea of the Arctic Ocean, through the Bering Strait, from or to the Bering Sea of the Pacific Ocean. The Arctic Circle is crossed near the beginning and the end of all transits except those to or from the central or northern coast of west Greenland. The routes and directions are indicated. Details of submarine transits are not included because only two have been reported (1960 USS Sea Dragon, Capt. George Peabody Steele, westbound on route 1 and 1962 USS Skate, Capt. Joseph Lawrence Skoog, eastbound on route 1). Seven routes have been used for transits of the Northwest Passage with some minor variations (for example through Pond Inlet and Navy Board Inlet) and two composite courses in summers when ice was minimal (marked ‘cp’). -
Canada's Sovereignty Over the Northwest Passage
Michigan Journal of International Law Volume 10 Issue 2 1989 Canada's Sovereignty Over the Northwest Passage Donat Pharand University of Ottawa Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjil Part of the International Law Commons, and the Law of the Sea Commons Recommended Citation Donat Pharand, Canada's Sovereignty Over the Northwest Passage, 10 MICH. J. INT'L L. 653 (1989). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjil/vol10/iss2/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Michigan Journal of International Law at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CANADA'S SOVEREIGNTY OVER THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE Donat Pharand* In 1968, when this writer published "Innocent Passage in the Arc- tic,"' Canada had yet to assert its sovereignty over the Northwest Pas- sage. It has since done so by establishing, in 1985, straight baselines around the whole of its Arctic Archipelago. In August of that year, the U. S. Coast Guard vessel PolarSea made a transit of the North- west Passage on its voyage from Thule, Greenland, to the Chukchi Sea (see Route 1 on Figure 1). Having been notified of the impending transit, Canada informed the United States that it considered all the waters of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago as historic internal waters and that a request for authorization to transit the Northwest Passage would be necessary. -
Arctic Passage 1 the Northwest Passage Is the Sea Route Linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Original broadcast: February 28, 2006 BEFORE WATCHING Arctic Passage 1 The Northwest Passage is the sea route linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The Franklin Expedition traveled from England PROGRAM OVERVIEW to western Greenland through what NOVA recreates the expeditions of Sir is now Baffin Bay, then on to Resolute Island. Some believe the John Franklin and Roald Amundsen, crew made it as far as King William two Arctic explorers who set out to Island. Have students plot the fi nd the legendary Arctic sea route Northwest Passage on a map known as the Northwest Passage. and estimate its distance. 2 Organize the class into five teams. Hour one of the program: As they watch the program, have • tells how Sir John Franklin and his British Admiralty crew of 128 men four of the teams track one of the set out in May of 1845 with two ships to fi nd the mythical route following types of evidence related to why the expedition failed: connecting the Atlantic and Pacifi c Oceans. diseases, health issues and physical • notes the food and other provisions brought on the journey. remains; ship-related artifacts; Inuit • presents the types of evidence that historians relied on to determine testimony; and written notes and what happened to the expedition—artifacts that included a written journals. Have a fifth group keep track of when events occurred. note, ice core data, interviews with Inuit, and forensic analysis of body remains. • pieces together an account of where expedition members traveled and how they may have died. AFTER WATCHING • explains how Franklin and 20 percent of his crew died two years into 1 Have students refer to their notes the expedition; the fi nal four crew members died after six years on the ice. -
ARCTIC Exploration the SEARCH for FRANKLIN
CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED TWENTY-EIGHT ARCTIC EXPLORATION & THE SeaRCH FOR FRANKLIN WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is devoted to Arctic exploration, the search for the Northwest Passage, and the later search for Sir John Franklin. It features many volumes from a distinguished private collection recently purchased by us, and only a few of the items here have appeared in previous catalogues. Notable works are the famous Drage account of 1749, many of the works of naturalist/explorer Sir John Richardson, many of the accounts of Franklin search expeditions from the 1850s, a lovely set of Parry’s voyages, a large number of the Admiralty “Blue Books” related to the search for Franklin, and many other classic narratives. This is one of 75 copies of this catalogue specially printed in color. Available on request or via our website are our recent catalogues: 320 Manuscripts & Archives, 322 Forty Years a Bookseller, 323 For Readers of All Ages: Recent Acquisitions in Americana, 324 American Military History, 326 Travellers & the American Scene, and 327 World Travel & Voyages; Bulletins 36 American Views & Cartography, 37 Flat: Single Sig- nificant Sheets, 38 Images of the American West, and 39 Manuscripts; e-lists (only available on our website) The Annex Flat Files: An Illustrated Americana Miscellany, Here a Map, There a Map, Everywhere a Map..., and Original Works of Art, and many more topical lists. Some of our catalogues, as well as some recent topical lists, are now posted on the internet at www.reeseco.com. -
Parallel Precedents for the Antarctic Treaty Cornelia Lüdecke
Parallel Precedents for the Antarctic Treaty Cornelia Lüdecke INTRODUCTION Uninhabited and remote regions were claimed by a nation when their eco- nomic, political, or military values were realized. Examples from the North- ern and Southern hemispheres show various approaches on how to treat claims among rivaling states. The archipelago of Svalbard in the High Arctic and Ant- arctica are very good examples for managing uninhabited spaces. Whereas the exploration of Svalbard comprises about 300 years of development, Antarctica was not entered before the end of the nineteenth century. Obviously, it took much more time to settle the ownership of the archipelago in the so-called Sval- bard Treaty of 1920 than to find a solution for Antarctica and the existence of overlapping territorial claims by adopting the Antarctic Treaty of 1959. Why was the development at the southern continent so much faster? What is the es- sential difference between the situations obtaining in the two hemispheres? Was there a transposition of experiences from north to south? And did the Svalbard Treaty help to construct the Antarctic Treaty? Answers to these questions will be given by the analysis of single periods in the history of polar research, scientific networks, and special intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations with concomitant scientific or economic interests that merged in the twentieth century to arrange exploration and exploitation of polar regions on an interna- tional basis. EXPLORATION AND SCIENCE BEFORE WORLD WAR I SVALBARD After the era of whaling around the archipelago of Svalbard, the Norwe- gians were the only ones to exploit the area economically, including fishing, Cornelia Lüdecke, SCAR History Action since the 1850s, whereas Swedish expeditions starting in the same decade were Group, Fernpaßstraße 3, D- 81373 Munich, the first to explore the interior of the islands (Liljequist, 1993; Holland, 1994; Germany. -
Greenland in Winter Icebergs, Aurora and Inuit Settlements
WILD PHOTOGRAPHY H O L ID AY S GREENLAND IN WINTER ICEBERGS, AURORA AND INUIT SETTLEMENTS HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE INTRODUCTION ancient blue ice thrust skyward from the water's surface. • Hotel with views of the Icefjord Wild Photography Holidays are pleased to add a new look The whole ford gives an ever-changing vista as huge ice- • Helicopter to the settlement winter trip to West Greenland. The dates of these depar- bergs foat past in dramatic light en route to open sea. • Spectacular glaciers tures have been chosen to make the most of the fabulous It’s believed that an iceberg that calved from this magni- • Sunset by boat in the Icefjord winter landscapes and low light that can be found in fcent glacier sank the Titanic itself. A frst sighting of • Possibility of aurora borealis Greenland at this time of year. The sunrises and sunsets this unique arctic wonderland is guaranteed to make • Superb short walks to fne viewpoints tend to be spectacular and the big arctic skies are dark your photographic heart beat faster. In wintertime the • Oqaatsut village settlement enough for the possibility of aurora. Our main Greenland snow cover means that dog sledging becomes a normal • Colourful wooden houses base, Ilulissat (formerly Jakobshavn) means “Icebergs” way of transport for the local people who hunt and trans- • Aerial photography (optional) in the West Greenlandic language. Each year, the port fsh. A huge country, it is populated rather sparsely • Dog sledging (optional) massive Jakobshavn Glacier calves some 35 billion tons only around the coast. Indeed, there are no roads to • Greenlandic local life of icebergs into the sheltered waters of Disko Bay and anywhere except in and around the settlements and the the Icefjord. -
Post Expedition Report Here
Arctic Circle Trail Expedition Proposal Carla Huynh Greenland: The Arctic Circle Trail EXPEDITION REPORT 1. Introduction We are a team of four Imperial College London undergraduate students who went on an expedition in West Greenland from 19th August to 10th September 2019. We hiked the Arctic Circle Trail and explored both Illulissat and Disko Island. The Arctic Circle Trail’s name origins from its position: 40km north of the Arctic Circle. The trail itself is 200km long, and we began our hike at the edge of the ice sheet, 40km East of Kangerlussuaq (before the beginning of the trail) and finished at its end, in the coastal city of Sisimiut. The hike took us 11 days, during which we were completely self-sufficient, carrying all our supplies for the length of the trail. We then took the overnight ferry north to the Ilulissat Icefjord on 31st August, where we explored the UNESCO World Heritage Site which lies north of the icefjord. On 6th September, two members of the expedition took the ferry across to Qeqertarsuaq, a small village on a volcanic island off the west coast of Greenland from where we explored the surrounding area for the last few days. To set the scene a little, Greenland has a country-wide population equivalent to that of Canterbury and is largely untouched, being 85% covered in ice. There are no roads outside of the small settlement in Kangerlussuaq and the city of Sisimiut, so the Arctic Circle Trail provided a true wilderness experience. The trail boasted beautiful landscapes and arctic wildlife, as well as the chance to walk on the one of the world’s only ice sheets that is accessible by foot. -
Birthplace of Icebergs
WEST GREENLAND: DISKO BAY СRUISE WELCOME TO BIRTHPLACE OF ICEBERGS Though seemingly larger than life, Disko Bay is almost not large enough to hold its many wonders. This voyage centers on Disko Bay, a region on the west coast of Greenland famous for its icebergs, whales, and friendly Inuit villages. It departs from the capital of Greenland city of Nuuk and finishes in Kangerlussuaq. Attractions include volcanic landscapes, museums, iconic churches in numerous settlements, Greenlandic sled dogs, and stunning scenery everywhere. Our area of exploration encompasses a wealth of natural wonders such as the famous Ilulissat Icefjord, the beautiful Eqip Sermia glacier, the heart-shaped Uummannaq mountain, and breathtaking fjords, such as Nuuk fjord, reaching deep into the mountainous wilderness of Greenland. DATES - 22 May; 30 May 2018 DURATION - 9 days EMBARKATION - Nuuk (Greenland) DISEMBARKATION - Kangerlussuaq (Greenland) SHIP - M/V Sea Spirit From $5,695 (Double) landscape contains hot springs, red basalt mountains, HIGHLIGHTS lush greenery, and amazing rock formations. The small, ILULISSAT ICEFJORD traditional town of Qeqertarsuaq is among of The spectacular Ilulissat Icefjord is a UNESCO World Greenland’s oldest. Heritage Site. At the head of this steady stream of ice The waters around Disko Island are home to a variety of lies Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Glacier), an outlet of whale species including humpback, fin, minke, and the Greenland Ice Sheet through which around 46 cubic bowhead (also known as the Greenland right whale). kilometers of ice are calved annually into the sea. The abundance of icebergs makes whale watching here Situated nearby is the town of Ilulissat, which offers a particularly awesome experience. -
About Iceland and Greenland
CHRIS BRAY PHOTOGRAPHY ICELAND GREENLAND ICELAND AND GREENLAND TOUR The Best of Iceland and Greenland Two mind-blowing destinations in one! This ultimate small-group tour accesses the best of Iceland’s spectacular landscapes, waterfalls, glaciers, craters, nesting puffins and more - away from the crowds - with roomy 4WDs, quiet guesthouses and a mind-blowing, 2hr doors- off helicopter charter to photograph it all from the air! Enjoy exploring in a traditional, colourful Greenlandic village filled with sled dogs; and boat trips around immense fields of icebergs lit by the midnight-sun while looking for whales and seals. With 2 pro photographer guides helping just 8 lucky guests take the best possible photos, this amazing trip is going to sell out fast, so book in ASAP! Highlights Please check the website for up to date • Incredible 2 hour, doors-off helicopter photography tour over information on price, hosts, dates and Iceland’s spectacularly diverse and colourful landscapes, craters inclusions. and glaciers! • Chartered helicopter flight to fly over then land next to a glacier in Greenland. • Midnight cruise to photograph huge, impossibly sculpted icebergs glowing in the midnight-sun! • Photographing puffins returning to their nests with beaks full of fish in Iceland. • Staying in a luxury eco-lodge in the remote Ilimanaq village in Greenland. • Accessing the best landscapes in Iceland from two roomy 4WDs, photographing waterfalls, craters, glaciers, lakes, mossy areas and more, away from the tourist crowds. • Spotting whales, seals and seabirds amongst the icebergs in Disko Bay, Greenland. • Photographing a genuine Greenlandic sled dog team. 01 CHRIS BRAY PHOTOGRAPHY | ICELAND AND GREENLAND CONTENTS 03 07 ITINERARY ABOUT ICELAND AND GREENLAND 11 17 GETTING ORGANISED WHAT TO PACK 21 23 WHY BOOK A CBP COURSE HOW TO BOOK .