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HIGH ARCTIC EXPLORER REVERSE TRIP CODE ACACHA DEPARTURE 02/08/2022, 25/07/2023 DURATION INTRODUCTION 12 Days LOCATIONS BOOK AND SAVE: Book by 30 November to save up to 15% off select cabins and departures* Greenland and Canada Jump aboard the Ocean Endeavour for 11 days and cruise in comfort from Kangerlussuaq to Qaqsuittuq (resolute Bay, Nunavut). This is the high Arctic at the height of summer and you will be rewarded with the history, culture, marine life and glittering scenery of this region. Highlights include a visit to Beechey Island National Historic Site; Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Protected Area; an Inuit cultural welcome at Mittimatilik; cruise amid icebergs at Jakobshavn Glacier (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) and explore Greenlandâs beautiful west coast. This journey starts in Toronto with a charter flight Northbound and ends with a charter flight southbound to Ottawa. There is the opportunity to do it in reverse from Ottawa to Toronto on certain dates. *Offers aboard the Ocean Endeavour end 30 November 2021 subject to availability. Not combinable with any other promotion. Applies to voyage only; cabins limited. Subject to availability and currency fluctuations. Further conditions apply, contact us for more information. ITINERARY DAY 1: Arrival and Embarkation in Kangerlussuaq Kangerlussuaq is a former U.S. Air Force base and Greenland’s primary flight hub. Here we will be transferred by Zodiac to the Ocean Endeavour. With 190 kilometres of superb scenery, Kangerlussuaq Fjord (Sondre Stromfjord) is one of the longest fjords in the world. We begin our adventure by sailing down this dramatic fjord, crossing the Arctic Circle as we go. -
Ilulissat Icefjord
World Heritage Scanned Nomination File Name: 1149.pdf UNESCO Region: EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA __________________________________________________________________________________________________ SITE NAME: Ilulissat Icefjord DATE OF INSCRIPTION: 7th July 2004 STATE PARTY: DENMARK CRITERIA: N (i) (iii) DECISION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Excerpt from the Report of the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Criterion (i): The Ilulissat Icefjord is an outstanding example of a stage in the Earth’s history: the last ice age of the Quaternary Period. The ice-stream is one of the fastest (19m per day) and most active in the world. Its annual calving of over 35 cu. km of ice accounts for 10% of the production of all Greenland calf ice, more than any other glacier outside Antarctica. The glacier has been the object of scientific attention for 250 years and, along with its relative ease of accessibility, has significantly added to the understanding of ice-cap glaciology, climate change and related geomorphic processes. Criterion (iii): The combination of a huge ice sheet and a fast moving glacial ice-stream calving into a fjord covered by icebergs is a phenomenon only seen in Greenland and Antarctica. Ilulissat offers both scientists and visitors easy access for close view of the calving glacier front as it cascades down from the ice sheet and into the ice-choked fjord. The wild and highly scenic combination of rock, ice and sea, along with the dramatic sounds produced by the moving ice, combine to present a memorable natural spectacle. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS Located on the west coast of Greenland, 250-km north of the Arctic Circle, Greenland’s Ilulissat Icefjord (40,240-ha) is the sea mouth of Sermeq Kujalleq, one of the few glaciers through which the Greenland ice cap reaches the sea. -
Greenland in Winter Icebergs, Aurora and Inuit Settlements
WILD PHOTOGRAPHY H O L ID AY S GREENLAND IN WINTER ICEBERGS, AURORA AND INUIT SETTLEMENTS HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE INTRODUCTION ancient blue ice thrust skyward from the water's surface. • Hotel with views of the Icefjord Wild Photography Holidays are pleased to add a new look The whole ford gives an ever-changing vista as huge ice- • Helicopter to the settlement winter trip to West Greenland. The dates of these depar- bergs foat past in dramatic light en route to open sea. • Spectacular glaciers tures have been chosen to make the most of the fabulous It’s believed that an iceberg that calved from this magni- • Sunset by boat in the Icefjord winter landscapes and low light that can be found in fcent glacier sank the Titanic itself. A frst sighting of • Possibility of aurora borealis Greenland at this time of year. The sunrises and sunsets this unique arctic wonderland is guaranteed to make • Superb short walks to fne viewpoints tend to be spectacular and the big arctic skies are dark your photographic heart beat faster. In wintertime the • Oqaatsut village settlement enough for the possibility of aurora. Our main Greenland snow cover means that dog sledging becomes a normal • Colourful wooden houses base, Ilulissat (formerly Jakobshavn) means “Icebergs” way of transport for the local people who hunt and trans- • Aerial photography (optional) in the West Greenlandic language. Each year, the port fsh. A huge country, it is populated rather sparsely • Dog sledging (optional) massive Jakobshavn Glacier calves some 35 billion tons only around the coast. Indeed, there are no roads to • Greenlandic local life of icebergs into the sheltered waters of Disko Bay and anywhere except in and around the settlements and the the Icefjord. -
Birthplace of Icebergs
WEST GREENLAND: DISKO BAY СRUISE WELCOME TO BIRTHPLACE OF ICEBERGS Though seemingly larger than life, Disko Bay is almost not large enough to hold its many wonders. This voyage centers on Disko Bay, a region on the west coast of Greenland famous for its icebergs, whales, and friendly Inuit villages. It departs from the capital of Greenland city of Nuuk and finishes in Kangerlussuaq. Attractions include volcanic landscapes, museums, iconic churches in numerous settlements, Greenlandic sled dogs, and stunning scenery everywhere. Our area of exploration encompasses a wealth of natural wonders such as the famous Ilulissat Icefjord, the beautiful Eqip Sermia glacier, the heart-shaped Uummannaq mountain, and breathtaking fjords, such as Nuuk fjord, reaching deep into the mountainous wilderness of Greenland. DATES - 22 May; 30 May 2018 DURATION - 9 days EMBARKATION - Nuuk (Greenland) DISEMBARKATION - Kangerlussuaq (Greenland) SHIP - M/V Sea Spirit From $5,695 (Double) landscape contains hot springs, red basalt mountains, HIGHLIGHTS lush greenery, and amazing rock formations. The small, ILULISSAT ICEFJORD traditional town of Qeqertarsuaq is among of The spectacular Ilulissat Icefjord is a UNESCO World Greenland’s oldest. Heritage Site. At the head of this steady stream of ice The waters around Disko Island are home to a variety of lies Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Glacier), an outlet of whale species including humpback, fin, minke, and the Greenland Ice Sheet through which around 46 cubic bowhead (also known as the Greenland right whale). kilometers of ice are calved annually into the sea. The abundance of icebergs makes whale watching here Situated nearby is the town of Ilulissat, which offers a particularly awesome experience. -
About Iceland and Greenland
CHRIS BRAY PHOTOGRAPHY ICELAND GREENLAND ICELAND AND GREENLAND TOUR The Best of Iceland and Greenland Two mind-blowing destinations in one! This ultimate small-group tour accesses the best of Iceland’s spectacular landscapes, waterfalls, glaciers, craters, nesting puffins and more - away from the crowds - with roomy 4WDs, quiet guesthouses and a mind-blowing, 2hr doors- off helicopter charter to photograph it all from the air! Enjoy exploring in a traditional, colourful Greenlandic village filled with sled dogs; and boat trips around immense fields of icebergs lit by the midnight-sun while looking for whales and seals. With 2 pro photographer guides helping just 8 lucky guests take the best possible photos, this amazing trip is going to sell out fast, so book in ASAP! Highlights Please check the website for up to date • Incredible 2 hour, doors-off helicopter photography tour over information on price, hosts, dates and Iceland’s spectacularly diverse and colourful landscapes, craters inclusions. and glaciers! • Chartered helicopter flight to fly over then land next to a glacier in Greenland. • Midnight cruise to photograph huge, impossibly sculpted icebergs glowing in the midnight-sun! • Photographing puffins returning to their nests with beaks full of fish in Iceland. • Staying in a luxury eco-lodge in the remote Ilimanaq village in Greenland. • Accessing the best landscapes in Iceland from two roomy 4WDs, photographing waterfalls, craters, glaciers, lakes, mossy areas and more, away from the tourist crowds. • Spotting whales, seals and seabirds amongst the icebergs in Disko Bay, Greenland. • Photographing a genuine Greenlandic sled dog team. 01 CHRIS BRAY PHOTOGRAPHY | ICELAND AND GREENLAND CONTENTS 03 07 ITINERARY ABOUT ICELAND AND GREENLAND 11 17 GETTING ORGANISED WHAT TO PACK 21 23 WHY BOOK A CBP COURSE HOW TO BOOK . -
Iceberg Calving Dynamics of Jakobshavn Isbrę, Greenland
ICEBERG CALVING DYNAMICS OF JAKOBSHAVN ISBRÆ, GREENLAND By Jason Michael Amundson RECOMMENDED: Advisory Committee Chair Chair, Department of Geology and Geophysics APPROVED: Dean, College of Natural Science and Mathematics Dean of the Graduate School Date ICEBERG CALVING DYNAMICS OF JAKOBSHAVN ISBRÆ, GREENLAND A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Jason Michael Amundson, B.S., M.S. Fairbanks, Alaska May 2010 iii Abstract Jakobshavn Isbræ, a fast-flowing outlet glacier in West Greenland, began a rapid retreat in the late 1990’s. The glacier has since retreated over 15 km, thinned by tens of meters, and doubled its discharge into the ocean. The glacier’s retreat and associated dynamic adjustment are driven by poorly-understood processes occurring at the glacier-ocean in- terface. These processes were investigated by synthesizing a suite of field data collected in 2007–2008, including timelapse imagery, seismic and audio recordings, iceberg and glacier motion surveys, and ocean wave measurements, with simple theoretical considerations. Observations indicate that the glacier’s mass loss from calving occurs primarily in sum- mer and is dominated by the semi-weekly calving of full-glacier-thickness icebergs, which can only occur when the terminus is at or near flotation. The calving icebergs produce long-lasting and far-reaching ocean waves and seismic signals, including “glacial earth- quakes”. Due to changes in the glacier stress field associated with calving, the lower glacier instantaneously accelerates by ∼3% but does not episodically slip, thus contradicting the originally proposed glacial earthquake mechanism. -
Discover the Arctic & Make Your
DISCOVER THE ARCTIC & MAKE YOUR MAP Learn how as you explore the unGoogle-able Arctic ABOARD NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORER I 2017-18 TM THE ARCTIC DRAWS ADVENTUROUS TRAVELERS LIKE MOTHS TO LIGHT—perhaps because it’s dazzlingly white, and tantalizingly blank. It’s one of the last regions to have eluded the Google Earth cartographers: it remains a geography that insists on being discovered in person. Allow yourself to be drawn there—to the Arctic’s vivid blankness. Join us to explore the planet’s most inspiring geography, and feel your own capacity for wonder expand beyond all known borders. Guests have a water-level view of a huge iceberg in Ilulissat. ELLESMERE ISLAND JUST ADDED! THE ART OF MAPMAKING WITH NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPERTS 80° NORTH For cartographers, a map is a lens through which to view the natural and human world. As we venture into the most remote and little-known regions of the Arctic, we’ll be joined by a stellar Qaanaaq pair of experts: geographer, Stephen Cunha, and his wife, Mary Beth Cunha, a master cartographer. Adding extra insight to our team’s expertise—they will illuminate the history and challenges of mapping the Arctic. Delve into the DEVON ISLAND evolution of cartography, from the carved bones of the Inuit to the GIS technology of today. Learn Baffin Bay Lancaster Bylot mapmaking techniques and create physical and Sound Island digital maps you can bring home. Or take a more personal route— to create an emotional map of Pond Inlet the Arctic you discover. Qilakitsoq BAFFIN ISLAND Stephen Cunha and Mary Beth Cunha join us on Ilulissat the Exploring Greenland and the Canadian High Arctic (pg. -
Geoengineer Polar Glaciers to Slow Sea-Level Rise
Geoenginee pola glacie s to slow sea level ise Stalling the fastest flows of ice into the oceans would buy us a few centu ies to deal with climate change and p otect coasts, a gue John C. Moo e and colleagues. Greenlan an Antarctica‘s ice sheets will contribute more to sea level rise this century than any other source1. A two egree Celsius increase is pre icte to swell the global oceans by aroun 20 cm on average. Most large coastal cities will face sea levels more than a metre higher by 21001. If nothing is one, by the en of the century up to 5% of the worl ’s population will be floo e each year. For example, a 0.5m rise on China’s Guangzhou an Pearl River elta woul isplace over a million people; a 2m rise woul affect more than 2 million. Without coastal protection, the global cost of amages may reach US$ 50 trillion a year. Sea walls an floo efences cost tens of billions of ollars a year to construct an maintain6. At this price, geoengineering is competitive. For example, Hong Kong’s international airport, which involve buil ing an artificial islan to a 1% to the city’s lan area, cost aroun US$20 billion. China’s Three Gorges Dam, spanning the Yangtze River to control floo s an generate power, cost $US 33 billion. We believe that geoengineering glaciers on a similar scale coul elay significant amounts of Greenlan an Antarctica’s groun e ice from reaching the sea for centuries, buying time to a ress global warming. -
A Model of the Greenland Ice Sheet Deglaciation
A MODEL OF THE GREENLAND ICE SHEET DEGLACIATION Benoit Lecavalier Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ottawa © Benoit Lecavalier, Ottawa, Canada, 2014 2 ABSTRACT The goal of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) and how it responds to climate change. This was achieved using ice core records to infer elevation changes of the GrIS during the Holocene (11.7 ka BP to Present). The inferred elevation changes show the response of the ice sheet interior to the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM; 9-5 ka BP) when temperatures across Greenland were warmer than present. These ice-core derived thinning curves act as a new set of key constraints on the deglacial history of the GrIS. Furthermore, a calibration was conducted on a three- dimensional thermomechanical ice sheet, glacial isostatic adjustment, and relative sea-level model of GrIS evolution during the most recent deglaciation (21 ka BP to present). The model was data-constrained to a variety of proxy records from paleoclimate archives and present-day observations of ice thickness and extent. 3 DECLARATION The following is a declaration made by the lead author of the research article on the “Revised estimates of Greenland ice sheet thinning histories based on ice-core records”, which was published in the Journal of Quaternary Science Reviews and is Section 2 of this thesis. I conducted all the numerical modelling for this study, which involved the calibration of a GIA model for the Canadian Arctic by constraining it to RSL to determine vertical land motion spatially and temporally. -
Greenland VIP Fact-Finding Expedition
Greenland VIP Fact-Finding Expedition Greenland is ‘Ground Zero’ for Rising Sea Level August 11-17, 2020 – 7 days / 6 nights - Iceland & Greenland Join an amazing VIP experience to witness the extreme melting of Greenland’s gigantic glaciers August 11-17, 2020 – 7 days / 6 nights on Iceland and Greenland Space is strictly limited to 12 participants The purpose of the trip is to see first-hand the rapid melting and collapse of the glaciers on Greenland and to learn about the impact on global sea level rise. Greenland is the largest island in the world, with an ice sheet averaging more than a mile high. This is the best place in the world to witness the driving force behind the global challenge of rising sea level. • Ice sheets and glaciers are melting up to four times faster than just a decade ago. • The Arctic is warming at more than double the average global rate. • What happens in Greenland does not stay in Greenland. Shorelines all over the world will move inland as the sea rises. • Greenland has enough ice to raise global sea level more than twenty feet (six meters) when it all melts. The Rising Seas Institute is hosting another VIP fact-finding expedition to Greenland, August 11-17, 2020. It’s the ideal time of year to visit to see calving icebergs, meltwater streams, and moulins – the vertical tunnels. Temperatures are pleasantly moderate, from the 30’s to the 70’s Fahrenheit (zero to twenty Celsius). The special itinerary is exclusively for significant supporters of the Institute. -
Basal Resistance for Three of the Largest Greenland Outlet Glaciers
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface RESEARCH ARTICLE Basal resistance for three of the largest Greenland 10.1002/2015JF003643 outlet glaciers Key Points: 1 1 1 2 3 • The beds under three of Greenland’s Daniel R. Shapero , Ian R. Joughin , Kristin Poinar , Mathieu Morlighem , and Fabien Gillet-Chaulet largest outlet glaciers provide little resistance to flow 1Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 2Department of Earth • Changes in stress at the terminus System Science, University of California, Irvine, California, USA, 3Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de are distributed directly to the l’Environnement, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France glacier margins • Only relatively large-scale features may be unambiguously inferred from surface observations Abstract Resistance at the ice-bed interface provides a strong control on the response of ice streams and outlet glaciers to external forcing, yet it is not observable by remote sensing. We used inverse methods Correspondence to: constrained by satellite observations to infer the basal resistance to flow underneath three of the Greenland D. R. Shapero, Ice Sheet’s largest outlet glaciers. In regions of fast ice flow and high (>250 kPa) driving stresses, ice is often [email protected] assumed to flow over a strong bed. We found, however, that the beds of these three glaciers provide almost no resistance under the fast-flowing trunk. Instead, resistance to flow is provided by the lateral margins and Citation: stronger beds underlying slower-moving ice upstream. Additionally, we found isolated patches of high basal Shapero, D. R., I. R. Joughin, K. Poinar, resistivity within the predominantly weak beds. -
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 14, 78
Bulletin 14: GSB191-Indhold 04/12/07 14:36 Side 1 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND BULLETIN 14 · 2007 Quaternary glaciation history and glaciology of Jakobshavn Isbræ and the Disko Bugt region, West Greenland: a review Anker Weidick and Ole Bennike GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND MINISTRY OF CLIMATE AND ENERGY Bulletin 14: GSB191-Indhold 04/12/07 14:36 Side 2 Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 14 Keywords Jakobshavn Isbræ, Disko Bugt, Greenland, Quaternary, Holocene, glaciology, ice streams, H.J. Rink. Cover Mosaic of satellite images showing the Greenland ice sheet to the east (right), Jakobshavn Isbræ, the icefjord Kangia and the eastern part of Disko Bugt. The position of the Jakobshavn Isbræ ice front is from 27 June 2004; the ice front has receded dramatically since 2001 (see Figs 13, 45) although the rate of recession has decreased in the last few years. The image is based on Landsat and ASTER images. Landsat data are from the Landsat-7 satellite. The ASTER satellite data are distributed by the Land Processes Distribution Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), located at the U.S. Geological Survey Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (http://LPDAAC.usgs.gov). Frontispiece: facing page Reproduction of part of H.J. Rink’s map of the Disko Bugt region, published in 1853. The southernmost ice stream is Jakobshavn Isbræ, which drains into the icefjord Kangia; the width of the map illustrated corresponds to c. 290 km. Chief editor of this series: Adam A. Garde Scientific editor of this volume: Jon R. Ineson Editorial secretaries: Jane Holst and Esben W.