Unger Pinyin Wade/Giles a C E

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Unger Pinyin Wade/Giles a C E Unger Pinyin Wade/Giles ch’uan chuan ch’uan chuang zhuang chuang A ch’uang chuang ch’uang ai ai ai chui zhui chui an an an ch’ui chui ch’ui ang ang ang chun zhun chun ao ao ao ch’un chun ch’un chung zhong chung ch’ung chong ch’ung C cha/chah zha cha ch’a/ch’ah cha ch’a E chai zhai chai êh e o ch’ai chai ch’ai en en ên chan zhan chan erh er êrh ch’an chan ch’an chang zhang chang ch’ang chang ch’ang F chao zhao chao fah fa fa ch’ao chao ch’ao fan fan fan chê/chêh zhe chê fang fang fang ch’ê/ch’êh che ch’ê fei fei fei chen zhen chên fen fen fên ch’en chen ch’ên feng feng fêng cheng zheng chêng fou fou fou ch’eng cheng ch’êng fu/fuh fu fu chï/chïh zhi chih ch’ï/ch‘ih chi ch’ih choh zhuo cho H ch’oh chuo ch’o hai hai hai chou zhou chou han han han ch’ou chou ch’ou hang hang hang chu/chuh zhu chu hao hao hao ch’u/ch’uh chu ch’u hêh he ho chua zhua chua hen hen hên chuai zhuai chuai heng heng hêng ch’uai chuai ch’ui hi/hih xi hsi chuan zhuan chuan hia/hiah xia hsia hiai xie hsieh jïh ri jih hiang xiang hsiang joh ruo jo hiao xiao hsiao jou rou jou hieh xie hsieh ju/juh ru ju hien xian hsien juan ruan juan hin xin hsin jui rui jui hing xing hsing jun run jun hioh xue hsüeh jung rong jung hiu xiu hsiu hiung xiong hsiung ho he ho K hou hou hou kai gai kai hu/huh hu hu k’ai kai k’ai hü/hüh xu hsü kan gan kan hua/huah hua hua k’an kan k’an huai huai huai kang gang kang huan huan huan k’ang kang k’ang hüan xuan hsüan kao gao kao huang huang huang k’ao kao k’ao hüeh xue hsüeh kêh ge ko hui hui hui k’êh ke k’o hu/huh hu hu ken gen kên hun hun hun k’en ken k’ên hün xun hsün keng geng kêng hung hong hung k’eng keng k’êng huo/huoh huo huo ki/kih ji chi k’i/k’ich qi ch’i kia/kiah jia chia I k’ia/k’iah qia ch’ia i/ih yi i kiai jie chieh k’iai qie ch’ieh kiang jiang chiang J k’iang qiang ch’iang jan ran jan kiao jiao chiao jang rang jang k’iao qiao ch’iao jao rao jao kieh jie chieh jêh re jê k’ieh qie ch’ie jen ren jên kien jian chien jeng reng jêng k’ien qian ch’ien kung gong kung kin jin chin k’ung kong k’ung k’in qin ch’in kuo/kuoh guo kuo king jing ching k’uo/k’uoh kuo k’uo k’ing qing ch’ing kioh jue chüeh k’ioh que ch’üeh L lah la la kiu jiu chiu lai lai lai k’iu qiu ch’iu lan lan lan kiung jiong chiung lang lang lang k’iong qiong ch’iung lao lao lao ko/koh ge ko lêh le lê/loh k’o/k’oh ke k’o lei lei lei kou gou kou leng leng lêng k’ou kou k’ou li/lih li li ku/kuh gu ku liang liang liang k’u/k’uh ku k’u liao liao liao kü/küh ju chü lieh lie lieh k’ü/k’üh qu ch’ü lien lian lien kua/kuah gua kua lin lin lin k’ua kua k’ua ling ling ling kuai guai kuai lioh lue lüeh k’uai kuai k’uai liu liu liu kuan guan kuan lo/loh luo/lo lo k’uan kuan k’uan lou lou lou küan juan chüan lu lu lu k’üan quan ch’üan lü lü lü kuang guang kuang luan luan luan k’uang kuang k’uang lüan lüan lüan küeh jue chüeh lüeh lüe lüeh k’üeh que ch’üeh lun lun lun kuei gui kuei lung long lung k’uei kui k’uei kun gun kun k’un kun k’un M kün jun chün ma ma ma k’ün qun ch’ün mai mai mai man man man nu nu nu mang mang mang nü/nüh nü nü mao mao mao nuan nuan nuan mêh mo mo nun nun nên mei mei mei nung nong nung men men mên meng meng mêng mi/mih mi mi O miao miao miao o/oh e o mieh mie mieh ou ou ou mien mian mien min min min ming ming ming P miu miu miu pa/pah ba pa mo/moh mo mo p’a pa p’a mou mou mou pai bai pai mu/muh mu mu p’ai pai p’ai pan ban pai p’an pan p’an N pang bang pang na/nah na na p’ang pang p’ang nai nai nai pao bao pao nan nan nan p’ao pao p’ao nang nang nang pei bei pei nao nao nao p’ei pei p’ei nei nei nei pen ben pên neng neng nêng p’en pen p’ên ni/nih ni ni peng beng pêng niang niang niang p’eng peng p’êng niao niao niao pi/pih bi pi nieh nie nieh p’i/p’ih pi p’i nien nian nien piao biao piao nin nin nin p’iao piao p’iao ning ning ning pieh bie pieh nioh nüe nüeh p’ieh pie p’ieh niu niu niu pien bian pien no/noh nuo/ne no p’ien pian p’ien nou nou nou pin bin pin p’in pin p’in sün xun hsün ping bing ping sung song sung p’ing ping p’ing sha/shah sha sha po/poh bo po shai shai shai p’o/p’oh po p’o shan shan shan p’ou pou p’ou shang shang shang pu/puh bu pu shao shao shao p’u/p’uh pu p’u shê/shêh she shê shen shen shên sheng sheng shêng S shï/shïh shi shih sah sa sa shou shou shou sai sai sai shu shu shu san san san shuah shua shua sang sang sang shuai shuai shuai sao sao sao shuang shuang shuang sêh se sê shui shui shui sen sen sên shun shun shun seng seng sêng shung shong shung si/sih xi hsi shuoh shuo shuoh sï si szu siang xiang hsiang siao xiao hsiao T sie/sieh xie hsieh ta/tah da ta sien xian hsien t’ah ta t’a sin xin hsin tai dai tai sing xing hsing t’ai tai t’ai sioh xue süeh tan dan tan siu xiu hsiu t’an tan t’an so/soh suo so tang dang tang sou sou sou t’ang tang t’ang su/suh su su tao dao tao sü/süh xu hsüh t’ao tao t’ao suan suan suan têh de tê süan xuan hsüan t’êh te t’ê süeh xue hsüeh teng deng têng sui sui sui t’eng teng t’êng sun sun sun ti/tih di ti t’i/t’ih ti t’i tsi/tsih ji chi tiao diao tiao ts’i/ts’ih qi ch’i t’iao tiao t’iao tsï zi tzu tieh die tie ts’ï ci tz’u t’ieh tie t’ie tsiang jiang chiang tien dian tien ts’iang qiang ch’iang t’ien tian t’ien tsiao jiao chiao ting ding ting ts’iao qiao ch’iao t’ing ting t’ing tsie/tsieh jie chieh to/toh duo to ts’ie/ts’ieh qie ch’ieh t’o/t’oh tuo t’o tsien jian chien tou dou tou ts’ien qian ch’ien t’ou tou t’ou tsin jin chin tu/tuh du tu ts’in qin ch’in t’u/t’uh tu t’u tsing jing ching tuan duan tuan ts’ing qing ch’ing t’uan tuan t’uan tsioh jue chüeh tui dui tui ts’ioh que ch’üeh t’ui tui t’ui tsiu jiu chiu tun dun tun ts’iu qiu ch’iu t’un tun t’un tso/tsoh zuo tso tung dong tung ts’o/ts’oh cuo ts’o t’ung tong t’ung tsou zou tsou tsah za tsa ts’ou cou ts’ou tsai zai tsai tsu/tsuh zu tsu ts’ai cai ts’ai ts’u/ts’uh cu ts’u tsan zan tsan tsü ju chü ts’an can ts’an ts’ü qu ch’ü tsang zang tsang tsuan zuan tsuan ts’ang cang ts’ang ts’uan cuan ts’uan tsao zao tsao tsüan juan chüan ts’ao cao ts’ao ts’üan quan ch’üan tsêh ze tsê tsüeh jue chüeh ts’eh ce ts’ê ts’üeh que ch’üeh tsen zen tsên tsui zui tsui ts’en cen ts’ên ts’ui cui ts’ui tseng zeng tsêng tsun zun tsun ts’eng ceng ts’êng ts’un cun ts’un tsün jun chün ts’ün qun ch’ün tsung zong tsung ts’ung cong ts’ung W wa/wah wa wa wai wai wai wan wan wan wang wang wang wei wei wei wen wen wên weng weng wêng wo/woh wo wo wu/wuh wu wu Y ya/yah ya ya yai yai yai yang yang yang yao yao yao ye/yeh ye yeh yen yan yen yin yin yin ying ying ying yoh yue yüeh yu you yu yü/yüh yu yü yüan yuan yüan yüeh yue yüeh yün yun yün yung yong yung Zürich, Januar 2001.
Recommended publications
  • DIPLOMA GRADUATION CEREMONY 23 APRIL 2021 SIM Headquarters, Singapore PROGRAMME
    DIPLOMA GRADUATION CEREMONY 23 APRIL 2021 SIM Headquarters, Singapore PROGRAMME 3.00 pm Ceremony Commences Welcome Address Mr Lenz Tan Head of Programme Academic Division SIM Global Education Graduation Address by Guest Speaker Ms Shanshan Wu Co-Founder NewFin Capital Presentation of Diplomas Presentation of Awards Congratulatory Messages End of Ceremony 1 GRADUATES GRADUATE CERTIFICATE IN GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN HUMAN BUSINESS ANALYTICS RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (PART-TIME, 1ST INTAKE) (PART-TIME, 17TH INTAKE) Kamano Fumie Ang Ai Hwei Tomishima Shingo Chan Zhenshan Christine Chuang Wan Ling Ho Ying Shin GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS Ng Sock Guey (Huang Shugui) ANALYTICS (PART-TIME, 1ST INTAKE) Ong Agnes Samantha Tan Yan Lin Bansal Rinki Teo Jin Yong Colin Khanna Varun Wong Shu Hui Khine Zin Thant Lakshmanan Radha Loh Sze Lee (Lu Shili) GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN HUMAN Prabah Alagar RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Tan Seow Hock (Chen Xiaofu) (PART-TIME, 18TH INTAKE) Tang Soon Tian (Chen Shuntian) Torregoza Ma Carla Angela Tividad Khairuzzafirah Binte Ab Halim Laura Tricia Reyes Muhammad Sulaiman Bin Sukaman GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS Pecho Donna Marie Cruz ANALYTICS (PART-TIME, 2ND INTAKE) Sree Devi Teng Yi Feng Farzana Zannat Wong Yin Hui Mohammad Faizal Bin Abdul Jalil Zhou Yao Dong Thendral Vasakam Zhao Tong GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS (PART-TIME, 19TH INTAKE) ANALYTICS (PART-TIME, 3RD INTAKE) Ang Xue Ting Jasmine Syed Subhani Syed Jameer Chua Miao Jun Yeo Bee Chin Karen (Yang Meiqing) Dang Thi Hong Phuc Liew Mei
    [Show full text]
  • Teaching Spelling to Singaporean Chinese Children With
    Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals (Spring-Summer 2009) Teaching Spelling to Singaporean Chinese Children with Dysorthographia in English Language: Lexical Versus Lexical Phonological Approach Noel Kok Hwee Chia EdD, BCET Early Childhood & Special Needs Education Academic Group - National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Abstract Singaporean Chinese children diagnosed with dysorthographia in English language undergo an intensive spelling intervention program that teaches them to use either of the two spelling methods: lexical and/or phonological spelling strategies. Nevertheless, many of them continue to perform poorly in their spelling. A pretest-posttest experimental design was used to determine whether 20 children ages 9 to 10 years old diagnosed with dysorthographia who were taught both lexical and phonological spelling strategies would improve in spelling more than a matched control group of 20 children, also diagnosed with dysorthographia who were taught lexical spelling strategies alone. Both groups of children received five lessons per week over seven weeks. The results showed that while both groups improved in spelling performance significantly from pretest to posttest, the experimental group which was taught both lexical and phonological spelling strategies improved significantly more than the control group which was taught lexical spelling strategies alone. Teaching Spelling to Singaporean Chinese Children with Dysorthographia in English Language: Lexical Versus Lexical Phonological Approach What is dysorthographia? The term dysorthographia begins with dys announces that the symptom, condition or state of being is dysfunctional or faulty. Orthography refers to correct or standard spelling in general (Richards, Platt, & Weber, 1985). When the dys is added to orthography, dysorthographia becomes a term referring to a specific learning disability (SLD) associated with poor performance in spelling (Pierangelo & Giuliani, 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Grammaticalization and Language Change in Chinese
    GRAMMATICALIZATION AND LANGUAGE CHANGE IN CHINESE This innovative study of grammaticalization in Chinese offers a highly accessible and comprehensive overview of both the diachronic development and current syntactic status of a wide variety of grammatical morphemes in Chinese. Approaching the issue of grammaticalization from a formal, theo­ retical point of view, but also making use of traditional insights into language change, Xiu-Zhi Zoe Wu shows how a range of syntactic mecha­ nisms have conspired to result in the grammatical constructions and functional morphemes of modern Chinese. Patterns from Chinese and an in­ depth analysis of the development of functional categories in the language are also used to argue for more general, cross-linguistic principles of language change, and provide valuable insights into the principled ways that grammatical words evolve across languages. Grammaticalization and Language Change in Chinese is a bold and inspired attempt to apply formal, Chomskyean syntactic theory to the tradi­ tional area of the study of language change. Although the analyses of the book are cast within such a theoretical approach to language, the data and generalizations brought to light should be of considerable interest to linguists from quite different backgrounds, and the central ideas and intu­ itions of the various chapters are presented in a way that makes them accessible to a wide and varied readership. The book is not only a highly informative and useful resource on Chinese but also clearly indicates what Chinese is able to show about language change and the phenomena of gram­ maticalization in general. Xiu-Zhi Zoe Wu is a Lecturer in the Chinese Program, Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of Southern California.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Year Project Not So “Chee Bai” Anymore: a Look at Hokkien Swear Words in Singapore and How They Have Changed Over Time
    Final Year Project Not so “chee bai” anymore: a look at Hokkien swear words in Singapore and how they have changed over time By Samantha Catherine Bok Shi Yun Supervised by Asst Prof František Kratochvíl 2012 Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies 2 Acknowledgements To my supervisor Asst Prof. František Kratochvíl, whose guidance, patience and humour were invaluable in the writing of this thesis; Thank you for being the grumpy reader I hope this paper never meets. To the participants who set aside time to discuss swear words with me; thank you for being open minded and candid. Any trauma caused was purely unintentional. To the family, who had to deal with a very stressed writer, thank you for understanding. To the friends who brought encouragement in the form of cake or alcohol, the ones who were always a phone call or a text away and to those who who were always annoyingly optimistic, thank you for pushing me. Thank you too; to the ones overseas, for caring and giving me perspective. Special thanks to the ones who were there from the beginning to the end, through the highs and the lows of this insane process .The ones who have seen me at my best,my worst and my most highstrung, I don’t know how I could have done it without any of you. CRYCRYCRY guys, it’s over. We have survived. To my grandparents, this is for you. 3 Abstract Swear words can be found in the lexicon of many natural languages. They can convey meaning and like any other language component which can convey meaning, are subject to change.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is a Chinese "Dialect/Topolect"? -- Reflections on Some Key Sino-English Linguistic Terms
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 29 September, 1991 What Is a Chinese “Dialect/Topolect”? Reflections on Some Key Sino-English Linguistic Terms by Victor H. Mair Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum.
    [Show full text]
  • The Syntax and Semantics of Cantonese Particles in the Left Periphery John C
    Studies in Chinese Linguistics The Syntax and Semantics of Cantonese Particles in the Left Periphery John C. Wakefield Hong Kong Baptist University Palacký University Olomouc Abstract Adopting the cartographic approach, this paper proposes syntactic positions for all left-periphery particles above the tense phrase (TP) in Cantonese. These include both sentence-final particles and sentence-initial particles that can be used in isolation as interjections. Based on previous syntactic proposals for the left periphery, a modification of Rizzi’s (2001) split-complementizer phrase (Split-CP) structure is proposed. A Deictic Phrase (DeicP) is added above the finite phrase (FinP) for the Cantonese “tense” particles laa3 and lei4(ge3). Then, based on a number of proposals inspired by Speas and Tenny (2003), two functional phrases are added above the force phrase (ForceP) – a higher affect phrase (AffectP) for Cantonese sentence-initial particles and a lower discourse phrase (DiscourseP) for most of the sentence-final particles. The resulting structure is tentatively proposed to account for the word order of all left-periphery particles in Cantonese, bringing the description of their syntax closer in line with a number of proposals based on left-periphery particles in other languages. This proposal includes a three-way distinction of the functions and meanings of left-periphery particles: 1) particles that lie between ForceP and TP do not refer directly to the discourse context; 2) particles that head DiscourseP do refer directly to the discourse; and 3) particles that head AffectP refer to the discourse and express human emotions. Keywords Cantonese, discourse particles, left periphery, syntax Studies in Chinese Linguistics, Volume 41, Number 2, 2020, 109–138 DOI: 10.2478/scl-2020-0004 © 2020 John C.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospects for Chinese Writing Reform
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 171 June, 2006 The Prospects for Chinese Writing Reform by John DeFrancis Order from Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] http://www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Monosyllabic Salience in Hong Kong Cantonese
    Linguistics 2016; 54(1): 1–58 David C. S. Li*, Cathy S. P. Wong, Wai Mun Leung and Sam T. S. Wong Facilitation of transference: The case of monosyllabic salience in Hong Kong Cantonese DOI 10.1515/ling-2015-0037 Abstract: Drawing on Clyne’s (2003) explanatory framework of facilitation, this study presents evidence of monosyllabic salience in Hong Kong Cantonese. Grounded in the perceptual salience of bilingual speakers of two or more languages (Clyne 1997: 95), facilitation extends Clyne’s earlier work on triggering (1967, 1980), which seeks to explain why linguistic (phonological, lexical, syntactic, semantic, etc.) features of one’s earlier-acquired language(s) may be transferred to languages learned or used later. In a corpus of texts appearing in informal discourse of Hong Kong Chinese newspaper columns in the mid-1990s (Li et al. 2014), a large number of monosyllabic English words, occurring as unintegrated insertions (Muysken 2000), were found. Building on Luke and Lau’s (2008) empirically supported insight that Cantonese verbs and adjectives are more characteristically monosyllabic com- pared with nouns, we present additional evidence in support of the Monosyllabic Salience Hypothesis (MSH): (i) shorter average word length in Cantonese vis-à-vis Mandarin, as evidenced in miscellaneous wordlists, including the Leipzig-Jakarta list (Tadmor et al. 2010: 239–241) and the World Loanword Database (WOLD) online (Haspelmath and Tadmor 2009); (ii) the truncation of the first syllable of polysyl- labic words embedded in the A-not-A structure; (iii) bilingual punning; and (iv) monosyllabic Romanized Cantonese words (e.g., chok, chur, hea). Keywords: monosyllabic, lexical borrowing, transference, codeswitching, language contact *Corresponding author: David C.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation of the Speech in Chinese
    1 TRANSLATION OF THE SPEECH IN CHINESE BY THE PRIME MINISTER, MR. LEE KUAN YEW, ON THE 3RD OCTOBER, 1965, AT THE LIQUOR RETAIL TRADERS ASSOCIATION`S 28TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATIONS. Mr. Chairman and my friends: You may recall that Mr. Ang Kok Seng helped me a great deal when I took part in the General Election for the Tanjong Pagar Constituency ten years ago. The premises of the Liquor Retail Traders’ Association was my election branch. Today is a Sunday and I would have to take a rest, but because of this, I came here specially to express my gratitude. We are a race of long standing culture and history. If someone has done something good to us, we will not forget it. You may help me today and I cannot express my gratitude immediately, but I will remember your good deed. This is a matter of common sense and morality. We are not people who forget other’s good deeds because of greediness; but some people do. Only people without cultural background would behave that way. lky\1965\lky1003b.doc 2 Now I wish to talk about something about the future of our nation. The Chinese Chamber of Commerce has asked for the inclusion of Chinese as one of our official languages; therefore, I would like to speak to you in Mandarin now. Mr. Soon Peng Yam is an old friend of mine. Before this question of Chinese as our official language was raised by the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, Dr.Toh Chin Chye had already told him that he was prepared to make provision for this matter in the Constitution clearly.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring the Effectiveness of Different Learning Methods in Young Singaporean Children
    This document is downloaded from DR‑NTU (https://dr.ntu.edu.sg) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. How to learn Chinese characters? Exploring the effectiveness of different learning methods in young Singaporean children Toh, Wendy Hwee Bin 2019 Toh, W. H. B. (2019). How to learn Chinese characters? Exploring the effectiveness of different learning methods in young Singaporean children. Master's thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/137108 https://doi.org/10.32657/10356/137108 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution‑NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY‑NC 4.0). Downloaded on 06 Oct 2021 17:35:01 SGT HOW TO LEARN CHINESE CHARACTERS? EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT LEARNING METHODS IN YOUNG SINGAPOREAN CHILDREN TOH HWEE BIN, WENDY SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES 2019 How to Learn Chinese Characters? Exploring the Effectiveness of Different Learning Methods in Young Singaporean Children TOH HWEE BIN, WENDY School of Humanities A thesis submitted to the Nanyang Technological University in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts 2019 Statement of Originality I certify that all work submitted for this thesis is my original work. I declare that no other person's work has been used without due acknowledgement. Except where it is clearly stated that I have used some of this material elsewhere, this work has not been presented by me for assessment in any other institution or University. I certify that the data collected for this project are authentic and the investigations were conducted in accordance with the ethics policies and integrity standards of Nanyang Technological University and that the research data are presented honestly and without prejudice.
    [Show full text]
  • Taekwon-Do Pattern (Chang-Hon) in the Context of Korean History
    © ITFNZ Inc 2016 TAEKWON-DO PATTERN (CHANG-HON) IN THE CONTEXT OF KOREAN HISTORY Grandmaster Choi had completed Tong Il, the final Pattern of the original 24 Tul by 1963. According to Choi, these patterns were derived from "the most illustrious people to have been produced by nearly five thousand years of Korean history and each movement in a Pattern must express the personality and spiritual character of the person it is named after". I would like to present these personalities embedded into the historical context by giving a concise overview of Korea’s turbulent history. Hopefully this will make it easier for some students to see the Pattern meanings not just as the single string of words they have to memorize for their theory test. Understanding another culture is difficult without knowing its history. Unfortunately records of many historical figures are scarce. As a nation Korea has suffered several major invasions and has lived under the domination of foreign forces for many years, often associated with the destruction of historical records and art. The Beginning {Chon-Ji; Dan-Gun} Baekdu Mountain on the border between North Korea and China is a volcanic mountain, its crater partially filled by Lake Chonji. Lake Chonji (“Heaven Lake”) is the spiritual and mythological origin of the Korean people. According to legend, Heaven and Earth meet at this lake, here Hwanung descended from heaven. Koreans consider Mount Baekdu not only as the place of their ancestral origin, but also a sacred mountain, a mountain with its own spirit, that has been worshipped by the surrounding peoples throughout history.
    [Show full text]
  • Diyi Ge Lading Zimu De Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an Shi Zenyang Chansheng De? [How Was the First Romanized Spelling System for Sinitic Produced?]
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 50 November, 1994 Diyi ge Lading Zimu de Hanyu Pinyin Fang'an Shi Zenyang Chansheng de? [How Was the First Romanized Spelling System for Sinitic Produced?] by YIN Binyong Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum.
    [Show full text]