235
Subject Index
A beta-catenin 166, 168 chemotherapy 155 bFGF 184 – adjuvant 155 ABCG2 97, 98 biliary tract tumor 125 – neoadjuvant 156 actinomycin D 91, 93, 114, 155, 156, 192 biopsy 72, 147, 223 chest X-ray 147 adenomatous polyposis coli 165 BK virus 7 chlonogenic tumor 90 adjuvant bladder rhabdomyosarcoma 124 chondroblastic osteosarcoma 221 – chemotherapy 155 bone chondrosarcoma 3, 47, 48 – radiotherapy 150, 152 –cancer3 chromosomal translocation 18, 182 adult respiratory distress syndrome – marrow aspirate 189 – 1p11-13 172 (ARDS) 125 – sarcoma 38, 39 – 2p24 108 AEWS0031 Protocol 190, 198 – tumor 72, 219 – 11p15 108 Affymetrix 24, 26 bone-seeking radioisotopes 220 – 2q35-36 172 Akt 210 bowel obstruction 126 – 12q13–15 108 Akt/TOR 97 brachytherapy 74, 153 – t(1;13) 106 ALK 140 brain metastases 148 – t(2;13) 91, 93, 106 – -1 144 BUN 222 – t(11;22) 145 alkylating agent 5, 120 busulfan 206 – t(17;22) 173 alopecia 74 – t(21;22) 188 alveolar – t(X;18) 141 – rhabdomyosarcoma 14, 91, 95, 105, – X;18 139 107, 114 C chromosome – soft part sarcoma 138 – 1 220 American Joint Committee calcification 37, 63 – 1q 188 on Cancer (AJCC) 149 camptothecin analogue 98 – 2p23 140 amputation 81, 150, 227 carboplatin 94 – 3q 220 aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) 45 cardiomyopathy 158 – 8 188 angiomatoid MFH 169 cardiotoxicity 5, 125 – 9 220 angiosarcoma 135 caspase-8 210 – 10 220 ankylosing spondylitis 220 cataract 126 – 11 182 antifolate compound 228 CCG-7942 197 – 12 188 ARF 184 CD34 171, 174, 206 – 13 220 – transgenic 91 CD68 171, 175, 176 – 13q 220 ATM kinase 137 CD99 186 – 20 188 avian Rous sarcoma virus 135 CDK4 109, 184, 221 – 22 182 CDKN1A 108 – 17 220 CDKN2A 109 – 18q 220 B CDKNIC 108 – 117p 220 cervix 80 cisplatin 94, 225, 226 Beckwith-Wiedemann – lesion 124 c-KIT 15, 184 syndrome 9, 104 CESS 200 clathrin 140 benign – -81 76, 190, 202 clear cell sarcoma 136 – fibrohistiocytic tumor 176 – -86 76, 190, 202 – of tendons and aponeuroses 138 – fibrous histiocytoma 170 CGH 20, 108, 138 clinical staging 149 236 Subject Index
clinical trial phase II 89 E EWS-FLI1 186, 188, 190, 210, 211 CLTC 144 EWS-WT1 136 Codman’s triangle 44 E1AF 182 excision COG 226–228 EBMTR 204, 206 – en bloc 227 COL1A1 140, 173 ecteinascidin-743 157, 209 – intracapsular 176 colonic polyp 165 EICESS 191, 200, 205 – marginal 176 color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) 42 – -92 76 – wide local 176 congenital fibrosarcoma 62 ejaculatory problem 126 exon 183 conjunctivitis 126 electron 73 external beam radiation therapy continuation therapy 192 – microscopy 16 (XRT) 73, 154 COSS 226, 227 embryonal extraosseous osteosarcoma 221 Costello syndrome 9, 104 – rhabdomyosarcoma 14, 108 extraskeletal myxoid chondor- creatinine 222 – – botryoid variant 105 sarcoma 138 CT 37, 39, 40, 43, 48, 54, 111, 116, 147, – – spindle cell variant 105 extremity 80 152, 222, 223 – tumor 107 – tumor 110, 123 – of the chest 222 en bloc excision 227 ezrin 224 cutaneous endometrial stromal sarcoma 138 – ESFT 189 endoprosthetic replacement 225 F – fibrohistiocytic soft tissue tumor 170 EOI 227 CWS-86 79 epirubicin 156 cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor 168 factor XIIIa 171, 174, 175 epithelial membrane antigen familial adenomatous polyposis 166 cyclophosphamide 91, 92, 114, (EMA) 141 fat spin echo (FSE) 38 120–122, 155, 156, 192, 197, 208 erbB-2 224 female genital tract tumor 123 – dose intensification 127 ERG 188 cytokeratin 141 FEV 182 ESFT, see Ewing’s sarcoma family fever 189 cytotoxic T lymphocyte 211 of tumors FGF 137 esophagitis 116 fibroblastic etoposide 121, 127, 190, 192, 197, 202, D – myofibroblastic tumor 1767 205, 225 – osteosarcoma 221 ETV1 182 dacarbazine 155 – tumor 170 ETV6-NTRK3 139 deep fibromatosis 166–168 fibrohistiocytic tumor 164, 169, 170 EURAMOS 227 DEMRI 41–43 fibromatosis 164, 166, 168 EURO-EWING 99 Protocol 198–200, dermatofibroma 170, 171 fibrosarcoma 63, 82, 134, 135, 155, 174 204 dermatofibrosarcoma 134 – adult type 143 EWI-92 195 – protuberans 138, 140, 173, 174, 176 fibrous histiocytoma 171 Ewing’s sarcoma 1, 3, 39, 40, 48–50, 75, desmin 106 fine needle aspiration 147 146 desmoid tumor 51, 52, 60, 167 FISH 13, 18, 138, 186, 188 – extraosseous 182 desmoplastic small round cell tumor FKHR 107 – family of tumors (ESFT) 52, 53, 181, (DSRCT) 54, 82, 136, 138, 145 FLI1 184, 188 182, 184, 185, 190–192, 195, 199–203, dexrazoxane 158 – exon 5 187 207, 210 distant metastases 151 – exon 6 187 – – cutaneous 189 DNA fluoride 6 – – extraosseous 189 – ligase IV 137 fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose – – face 189 – microarray 23 positron emission tomography – – primary sites 188 – polyomavirus 221 (18-FDG PET) 38–40, 42, 43 docetaxel 157 ––recurrent208 fluoroscopy 43 dose response 195 – – subcutaneous 189 French Federation of Cancer Centers doxorubicin 93, 120, 21, 127, 155, 156, – pathology 185 Sarcoma Group (FNCLCC) 150 192, 197, 202, 225, 226 EWS 145, 184 drug resistance 90 – exon 7 187 Dupuytren’s contracture 164 EWS/ETS 182 G DVM 42 EWS/FLI1 183 dynamic enhanced MR imaging EWS-ATF1 136 gastrointestinal stromal tumor 15, (DEMRI) 38 EWS-CHOP 136 140, 144 dystrophic calcification 141 EWS-ERG 188, 190 G-CSF 40, 195, 199 Subject Index 237
GD2 228 IGF – -IV 79, 112, 114, 117, 120, 122, 123 gefitinib 97 – -1 184, 210 ––pilot114 gemcitabine 157, 228 – -1R 184, 210 – -V 112, 115, 120 gene marking 206 – -2 108, 184 isolated limb perfusion 157 genomic instability 137 IL-2 206 giant cell image-guided ablation 37 J – fibroblastoma 173, 174, 177 imatinib 97, 98 – tumor 45 – mesylate 144, 158, 177, 209 JC virus 7 – – diffuse type 172 immunohistochemical stain 13 joint arthrodeses 83 – – of soft tissue 175, 176 immunohistochemistry 15 juvenile xanthogranuloma 170, 171, 176 – – of tendon sheath 172, 173 IMRT 79 Gleevec 24 IMT 140 gradient echo (GE) 38 induction chemotherapy 192, 223 K grading system 146 infantile – fibrosarcoma 134, 135, 138, 139, 142, Kaposi’s sarcoma 135 146 H karyotyping 13 – hemangiopericytoma 134, 135, 145, – spectral 19 146 keratin 142 H19 108 inflammatory myofibroblastic keratitis 126 HAM56 171 tumor 138, 140, 144 KIT 140, 144 HDM2 137 INI1 139, 143 head and neck non-orbital tumor 122 INK4A 184 hearing acuity 126 – transgenic 91 L height velocity 126 Ink4a/Arf gene locus 137 hemangioma 51, 60 inorganic arsenic 135 Langerhans cell histiocytosis 45 hemangiopericytoma 63–65 in-situ hybridization 18 LDH 189, 190, 222, 224 hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) insulin-like growth factor 184 learning disability 126 staining 13, 14 INT-0091 195 Ledderhose disease 164 hemorrhagic cystitis 158 intensity modulated radiation therapy leiomyosarcoma 155, 158 hepatopathy 126 (IMRT) 74, 116, 154 leucovorin 225 HER2 224, 228 interferon 168 Li-Fraumeni syndrome 5, 104, 220 hereditary retinoblastoma 5 Intergroup Ewing’s Sarcoma limb-sparing surgery 150, 227 hernia 6 Study 76 liposarcoma 155 HGF 109 Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma local – transgenic 91 –control71 Study (IRSG) 104, 149 hierarchical clustering 26 – failure 202 International Classification histone deacetylation 209 – radiation 200 of Rhabdomyosarcoma 105 HIV testing 222 – therapy 200 International Union Against HLA 207 low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma 138 Cancer (UICC) 149 hormone replacement 126 LRP5 224 intra-abdominal tumor 111 HSCT 205 lung intracapsular excision 176 human – metastases 204 intraoperative radiation therapy – herpesvirus-8 135 – radiation therapy 152 (IORT) 74 – immunodeficiency virus 1 135 lymph node 82 ionizing radiation 135 hydronephrosis 126 – sampling 111 ipsilateral nerve sparing resection hyperfractionated RG 115 lymphangiosarcoma 135 of spermatic vessels and nodes 111 HyperME 206 lymphedema 126 Iressa 24 hypoplasia 126 lymphoscintigraphy 40 irinotecan 94, 95, 97, 127, 209 irridiation 220 I IRSG 77 M – grouping system 111 ICAR 42 – -I 111, 115, 117, 121 M1B-1 labeling index 171 IE 195, 199, 203 – -II 112, 115, 117, 121–123 MAC387 171 ifosfamide 120, 121, 127, 155, 156, 190, – -III 111, 112, 114, 115, 117, 121, 122, malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) 192, 197, 202, 225, 226 123 46, 47, 62, 134, 135, 155, 158 238 Subject Index
malignant peripheral nerve sheath myogenin 93, 106 p16Ink4 137 tumor (MPNST) 65, 134, 135, 142, myoglobin 106 p21Waf/Cip1 137 155, 158 myxofibrosarcoma 169 p53 5, 8, 91, 108, 134, 137, 184, 194, 220, MAPK 184, 210 myxoid liposarcoma 136, 138 222 marginal local excision 176 myxoid MFH 169 – staining 171 matrix Paget’s disease 219–221 –analysis26 parameningeal rhabdomyo- – metalloproteinase inhibitor 168 N sarcoma 79 MDM2 108, 184 parameningeal tumor 121 mdm2 221 nausea 74 paratesticular rhabdomyo- MDR-1 224 NCI screening program 90 sarcoma 80, 123 ME 42 necrosis 223–225 parental smoking 7 melphalan 121, 127, 205, 206 neoadjuvant chemotherapy 156 parotid tumor 122 Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer neuroblastoma 94, 146 partial cystectomy 80 Center (MSKCC) 149, 197, 202 neurofibroma 136 PAS 186 mesenchymal cell 136, 181 neurofibromatosis 171 PAX3 106 metastases 203 – type 1 (NF-1) 8, 65, 105, 135, 137, 138 – FKHR 91, 107 – bone 222 neurosecretory granules 16 PAX7 106 – brain 148 nodular tenosynovitis 172 – FKHR 107 – distant 151 non-parameningeal tumor 122 PCR 13, 17, 20, 206 – lung 204 non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue PDGF 140 – pulmonary 147 sarcoma (NRSTS) 39, 61, 75, 81, 82, – α 144 – skeleton 222 134, 135, 138, 147 – -B 140, 173 metastatic disease 114, 121, 146, 190, – clinical staging 149 Pediatric Oncology Group 222, 223 – prognostic factors 148 (POG) 135, 150 methotrexate 225, 226 Pediatric Oncology Preclinical MHC 207 O Protein Array Project MIC2 186 (POPP-TAP) 91 microarray 13, 24, 107 oligonucleotide array 24 Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program MMP 137 optic atrophy 126 (PPTP) 99 mononuclear-histiocyte-like cell 174 orbital pelvic mouse model 90 – hypoplasia 126 – rhabdomyosarcoma 125 – of rhabdomyosarcoma 109 – tumor 121 – tumor 111 MR imaging 37, 39, 48, 51, 54, 111, 116, osteoarticular allograft 83 peptide vaccination 127 147, 152, 167, 168, 190, 222 osteoblastic osteosarcoma 221 perianal rhabdomyosarcoma 125 – dynamic 222 osteoclastic-like giant cell 175 perineal rhabdomyosarcoma 125 MTD 93 osteogenic sarcoma 17 periosteal sarcoma 47 mTOR 158 osteoid 221 PET 39, 40, 48, 116, 147, 152, 222, mucositis 116 osteomyelitis 45, 51 p-glycoprotein 190, 225 multifocal osteosarcoma 221 osteosarcoma 1, 3, 36–38, 40, 42, 44, 83, pharmacokinetics 100 multinucleate giant cell 172, 174 84, 90, 94, 135, 137, 146, 219–228 photon 73 muramyl tripeptide phosphatidyl – chondroblastic 221 PI3-K 184 ethanolamine 226 – extraosseous 221 platelet-derived growth factor receptor murine osteosarcoma 91 – fibroblastic 221 (PDGFR) 184 muscle fibrosis 154 – multifocal 221 pleomorphic sarcoma 169 muscle-specific actin 106 – of the jaw 221 plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor 174, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society – osteoblastic 221 175 (MTS) 149, 223 – teleangiectatic variety 45 ploidy 114 MYCN 109 oxaliplatin 94 PNET 52 myeloablative therapy 205 POG myelosuppression 125 – -8346 202 MyoD 15, 106, 136 P – -8850 195, 203 – -1 93, 186 – -9354 197 myofibroblastic tumor 170 p14ARF 137 polymorphism 7 myogenic differentiation 106 p15 184 POPP-TAPP 97 Subject Index 239 postoperative radiotherapy 168 – alveolar 14, 105, 114 SS18L1 141 PPARγ 136 – bladder 124 SSX/SYT 141 preoperative radiotherapy 153, 201 – embryonal 14 SSX presurgical chemotherapy 227 – – botryoid variant 105 – -1 139, 141 pre-treatment staging system 112 – – spindle cell variant 105 – -2 139, 141 primitive neuroectodermal tumor – genitourinary tract 110 – -4 141 (PNET) 5, 181 – group I–III 114, 115, 120 standardized uptake value (SUV) 38 prognostic factors 114, 148 – head and neck region 110 statural growth 126 prostate rhabdomyosarcoma 124 – metastatic disease 114 stem-cell support 127 proteasome inhibitor 210 – mouse model 109 STI-571 209 proteomics 27 – parameningeal 80 STIR 37, 38, 45, 8 proton beam therapy 154 – paratesticular 80, 123 subcutaneous ESFT 189 pseudocapsule 72 – pelvic 125 surgery 72, 168 Ptch 109 – perianal 125 surgical PTEN 97 – perineal 125 – margin 73, 148 puberty 6 – prognostic factors 114 – reexcision 176 pulmonary – prostate 124 SUV 43 – metastasectomy 151 – retroperitoneal 125 SV40 virus 7, 221 – metastases 147, 199 ring chromosome 220 synaptophysin 186 RMS, see rhabdomyosarcoma synovial sarcoma 61, 62, 134, 135, 138, Q rotationplasty 83 139, 141 Rothmund-Thomson syndrome 5, 220 SYT 139 Q-PCR 20, 27 RT-PCR, see reverse transcription-poly- SYT-SSX 20 merase chain reaction – -1 139 – -2 139 R S radiation 5, 227 T –osteitis66 S100 protein 142, 174, 175 – therapy 115, 116, 151, 202 samarium 228 T1/T2 fat saturation 37 radical resection 176 sarcoma 51, 72 t-AML/MDS 207 radiofrequency ablation (RFA) 66 Sarcoma Meta-Analysis Collaboration TandemME 206 radiotherapy 73, 78, 84, 75, 156 TBI 205, 206 radium-224 220 second TdT 186 RANBP2 144 – cancer 126 technetium-99m 222 rapamycin analogue 97 – malignancy 117, 154, 207, 220 –MDP39 RAS 109 – malignant neoplasm 126, 158 TEL/ETV6 142 RB 5, 134, 137, 184, 224 second-look operation 78 telomeres 137, 224 RECIST 42, 43 SEER 4 temozolomide 209 RECQ4 5, 220 SELDI TOF 28, 30 thallium 42, 43 reduced vision 126 sentinel Thorotrast 135, 220 relapse 126, 127 – lymph node mapping 147 thrombocytopenia 125, 126 REN-1, -2, -3 190 –node biopsy40 tissue sarcoma 134 retinoblastoma 220, 221 siRNA 183 TMP retroperitoneal SKY 19 – -3 144 – node dissection 123 small bowel enteritis 74 – -4 144 – rhabdomyosarcoma 125 small cell osteosarcoma 39 TNF 185, 209 reverse transcription-polymerase chain SMARCB1 143 topoisomerase I inhibitor 127 reaction (RT-PCR) 107, 186, 188, smooth muscle actin 176 topotecan 93, 95, 121, 127, 208 189, 191, 225 SNP 25 TOR inhibitor 127 Rh28 95 soft tissue sarcoma 7, 42, 71 Touton giant cell 171 rhabdoid tumor 139, 143 SPECT 39 toxic death 125 rhabdomyosarcoma 7, 39, 54, 55, spectral karyotyping 19, 138 Tp53 109 57–59, 77, 78, 81, 90, 91, 94, 104, 105, spin echo (SE) 38 TRAIL 185, 209 106, 111, 122, 146 spindle fibroblast-like cell 174 trismus 74 240 Subject Index
trisomy – parameningeal 121 VDC 192, 199 – -8 184 – parotid area 122 VEGF 137 – -12 184 – pelvic 111 VIE 117, 123 TRKC/NTRK3 142 – perianal region 111 vimentin 176 tropomyosin 3/4 140 – perineal region 111 vincristine 91, 92, 95, 114, 155, 156, trunk 81, 110 – size 148, 200, 224 192, 197 TSP1 137 tyrosine kinase inhibitor 97, 168 vinyl chlorid 135 tuberculosis 220 vitamin D 7 tumor vomiting 74 U – biliary tract 111, 125 vulva 80 – botryoid histology 124 ultrasound 37, 42, 43 – cutaneous fibrohistiocytic undifferentiated sarcoma 105 W soft tissue 170 up-front phase II window – extremities 110, 123 approach 121 whole body hyperthermia 157 – female genital tract 123 uterine lesion 124 wide local excision 176 – fibroblastic 170 uterus 80 Wnt 224 – fibrohistiocytic 164, 169, 170 World Health Organization – gastrointestinal stromal 140, 144 (WHO) 169 – grade 148 V WT1 145 – head and neck non-orbital 122 – intraabdominal 111 VA 120, 122 – myofibroblastic 170 VAC 117, 120, 122, 123, 199 X – neck 122 VACD 195, 203 – non-parameningeal 122 vagina 80 xenograft 92, 94, 95, 121, 127 – oral cavity 122 vaginal lesion 124 xerostomia 74 – orbital 121 VAI 117, 123, 199 XRT 75