Emtree Terms Added and Changed (January 2021)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Emtree Terms Added and Changed (January 2021) Emtree terms added and changed (January 2021) This is an overview of new terms added and changes made in the first Emtree release in 2021. Overall, Emtree has grown by 1,617 preferred terms (457 drug terms and 1,198 non-drug terms) compared with the previous version released in September 2020. In total Emtree now counts 88,945 preferred terms. Because the terms added include replacements for existing preferred terms (which become synonyms of the new terms) as well as completely new concepts, the number of terms added exceeds the net growth in Emtree. Other changes could include the merging of two or more existing preferred terms into a single concept. The terms added and changed are summarized below and specified in detail on the following pages. Emtree terms added in January 2021 1,695 new terms (including 78 replacement terms and promoted synonyms) have been added to Emtree as preferred terms in version January 2021 (compared to September 2021): 457 drug terms (terms assigned to the Chemicals and Drugs facet). 1,238 non-drug terms (terms not assigned as Chemicals and Drugs). The new terms (including the replacement terms and the promoted synonyms) are listed as Terms added on the following pages. Note that many of these terms will have been indexed prior to 2021 (typically as candidate terms), sometimes for several years, before they were added to Emtree. Emtree terms changed in January 2021 87 terms (38 drug terms and 40 non-drug terms) from Emtree September 2020 have been replaced by 78 different terms in January 2021 (38 drug terms and 40 non-drug terms). Of these, 64 terms (28 drug terms and 36 non-drug terms) are new (e.g. new generic names for drug chemical names) and have been assigned creation date 2021; the remaining 14 replacement terms (10 drug terms and 4 non-drug terms) were already present in Emtree. 1 drug term was replaced by a non-drug term, no non-drug term was replaced by a drug term. No preferred terms were deleted. Changes are presented in alphabetical order of the new terms. Emtree terms added in January 2021 2 Drug terms 3C viral protease bepirovirsen abdavomeran beta1b interferon abrucomstat betamethasone dipropionate plus salicylic acid acapatamab bnt162 ad26.cov2.
Recommended publications
  • Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Sotrovimab 500 Mg Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Review
    Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Sotrovimab 500 mg Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Review Identifying Information Application Type EUA (EUA or Pre-EUA) If EUA, designate whether pre-event or intra-event EUA request. EUA Application EUA 000100 Number(s) Sponsor (entity EUA Sponsor requesting EUA or GlaxoSmithKline Research & Development Limited pre-EUA 980 Great West Road consideration), point Brentford Middlesex, TW8 9GS of contact, address, UK phone number, fax number, email GSK US Point of Contact address Debra H. Lake, M.S. Sr. Director Global Regulatory Affairs GlaxoSmithKline 5 Moore Drive PO Box 13398 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3398 (b) (6) Email: Phone Manufacturer, if GlaxoSmithKline, Parma. different from Sponsor Submission Date(s) Part 1: March 24, 2021 Part 2: March 29, 2021 Receipt Date(s) Part 1: March 24, 2021 Part 2: March 29, 2021 OND Division / Office Division of Antivirals /Office of Infectious Disease 1 Reference ID: 4802027 Product in the No Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) Distributor, if other (b) (4) than Sponsor I. EUA Determination/Declaration On February 4, 2020, the Secretary of Health and Human Services determined pursuant to section 564 of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act that there is a public health emergency that has a significant potential to affect national security or the health and security of United States (US) citizens living abroad and that involves a novel (new) coronavirus (nCoV) first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in 2019 (2019-nCoV). The virus is now named SARS-CoV-2, which causes the illness COVID-19.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Deirocheline Turtles
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/556670; this version posted February 21, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Body coloration and mechanisms of colour production in Archelosauria: 2 The case of deirocheline turtles 3 Jindřich Brejcha1,2*†, José Vicente Bataller3, Zuzana Bosáková4, Jan Geryk5, 4 Martina Havlíková4, Karel Kleisner1, Petr Maršík6, Enrique Font7 5 1 Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 6 2, 128 00, Czech Republic 7 2 Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, National Museum, Václavské nám. 68, Prague 1, 110 00, 8 Czech Republic 9 3 Centro de Conservación de Especies Dulceacuícolas de la Comunidad Valenciana. VAERSA-Generalitat 10 Valenciana, El Palmar, València, 46012, Spain. 11 4 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 2, 128 43, 12 Czech Republic 13 5 Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University 14 Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic 15 6 Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life 16 Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 165 00, Czech Republic 17 7 Ethology Lab, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, C/ 18 Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez 2, Paterna, València, 46980, Spain 19 Keywords: Chelonia, Trachemys scripta, Pseudemys concinna, nanostructure, pigments, chromatophores 20 21 Abstract 22 Animal body coloration is a complex trait resulting from the interplay of multiple colour-producing mechanisms.
    [Show full text]
  • Labeling Mesenchymal Cells with DMSA-Coated Gold
    Silva et al. J Nanobiotechnol (2016) 14:59 DOI 10.1186/s12951-016-0213-x Journal of Nanobiotechnology RESEARCH Open Access Labeling mesenchymal cells with DMSA‑coated gold and iron oxide nanoparticles: assessment of biocompatibility and potential applications Luisa H. A. Silva1, Jaqueline R. da Silva1, Guilherme A. Ferreira2, Renata C. Silva3, Emilia C. D. Lima2, Ricardo B. Azevedo1 and Daniela M. Oliveira1* Abstract Background: Nanoparticles’ unique features have been highly explored in cellular therapies. However, nanoparti- cles can be cytotoxic. The cytotoxicity can be overcome by coating the nanoparticles with an appropriated surface modification. Nanoparticle coating influences biocompatibility between nanoparticles and cells and may affect some cell properties. Here, we evaluated the biocompatibility of gold and maghemite nanoparticles functionalized with 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), Au-DMSA and γ-Fe2O3-DMSA respectively, with human mesenchymal stem cells. Also, we tested these nanoparticles as tracers for mesenchymal stem cells in vivo tracking by computed tomography and as agents for mesenchymal stem cells magnetic targeting. Results: Significant cell death was not observed in MTT, Trypan Blue and light microscopy analyses. However, ultra- structural alterations as swollen and degenerated mitochondria, high amounts of myelin figures and structures similar to apoptotic bodies were detected in some mesenchymal stem cells. Au-DMSA and γ-Fe2O3-DMSA labeling did not affect mesenchymal stem cells adipogenesis and osteogenesis differentiation, proliferation rates or lymphocyte suppression capability. The uptake measurements indicated that both inorganic nanoparticles were well uptaken by mesenchymal stem cells. However, Au-DMSA could not be detected in microtomograph after being incorporated by mesenchymal stem cells.
    [Show full text]
  • N REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: SAURIA: PHRYNOSOMATIDAE PHRYNOSOMA Phrynosoma Modestum Girard
    630.1 n REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: SAURIA: PHRYNOSOMATIDAE PHRYNOSOMAMODESTUM Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Whiting, M.J. and J.R. Dixon. 1996. Phrynosoma modestum. Phrynosoma modestum Girard Roundtail Homed Lizard Phrynosoma modesturn Girard, in Baird and Girard, 1852:69 (see Banta, 1971). Type-locality, "from the valley of the Rio Grande west of San Antonio .....and from between San Antonio and El Paso del Norte." Syntypes, National Mu- seum of Natural History (USNM) 164 (7 specimens), sub- Figure. Adult Phrynosoma modestum from Doha Ana County, adult male, adult male, and 5 adult females, USNM 165660, New Mexico. Photograph by Suzanne L. Collins, courtesy of an adult male, and Museum of Natural History, University The Center for North American Amphibians and Reptiles. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIMNH) 40746, an adult male, collected by J.H. lark in May or June 1851 (Axtell, 1988) (not examined by authors). See Remarks. Phrynosomaplatyrhynus: Hemck,Terry, and Hemck, 1899: 136. Doliosaurus modestus: Girard, 1858:409. Phrynosoma modestrum: Morafka, Adest, Reyes, Aguirre L., A(nota). modesta: Cope, 1896:834. and Lieberman, 1992:2 14. Lapsus. Content. No subspecies have been described. and Degenhardt et al. (1996). Habitat photographs appeared in Sherbrooke (1981) and Switak (1979). Definition. Phrynosoma modestum is the smallest horned liz- ard, with a maximum SVL of 66 mm in males and 71 mm in Distribution. Phrynosoma modestum occurs in southern and females (Fitch, 1981). It is the sister taxon to l? platyrhinos, western Texas, southern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona and and is part of the "northern radiation" (sensu Montanucci, 1987). north-central Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • The Best Diagnosis Is: A
    DErmatopathology Diagnosis The best diagnosis is: a. eruptive xanthomacopy H&E, original magnification ×200. b. juvenile xanthogranuloma c. Langerhans cell histiocytosis d. reticulohistiocytomanot e. Rosai-Dorfman disease Do CUTIS H&E, original magnification ×600. PLEASE TURN TO PAGE 39 FOR DERMATOPATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS DISCUSSION Alyssa Miceli, DO; Nathan Cleaver, DO; Amy Spizuoco, DO Dr. Miceli is from the College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury. Drs. Cleaver and Spizuoco are from Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, New York. The authors report no conflict of interest. Correspondence: Amy Spizuoco, DO, Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, 145 E 32nd Street, 10th Floor, New York, NY 10016 ([email protected]). 16 CUTIS® WWW.CUTIS.COM Copyright Cutis 2015. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Dermatopathology Diagnosis Discussion rosai-Dorfman Disease osai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as negative staining for CD1a on immunohistochemis- sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphade- try. Lymphocytes and plasma cells often are admixed nopathy, is a rare benign histioproliferative with the Rosai-Dorfman cells, and neutrophils and R 1 4 disorder of unknown etiology. Clinically, it is most eosinophils also may be present in the infiltrate. frequently characterized by massive painless cervical The histologic hallmark of RDD is emperipolesis, lymphadenopathy with other systemic manifesta- a phenomenon whereby inflammatory cells such as tions, including fever, night sweats, and weight loss. lymphocytes and plasma cells reside intact within Accompanying laboratory findings include leukocyto- the cytoplasm of histiocytes (Figure 2).5 sis with neutrophilia, elevated erythrocyte sedimenta- The histologic differential diagnosis of cutaneous tion rate, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia.
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis and Environmental Chemistry of Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
    SYNTHESIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY OF SILVER AND IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES By SUSAN ALISON CUMBERLAND A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Earth and Environmental Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Birmingham March 2010 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Engineered nanoparticles are defined as having a dimension that is between one and one hundred nanometres. With toxicology studies reporting various degrees of toxicity the need to investigate nanoparticle fate and behaviour is vital. Monodispersed engineered nanoparticles were synthesised in-house to produce suitable materials to examine such processes. Iron oxide nanoparticles (5 nm) and citrate coated silver nanoparticles (20 nm) were subjected to different conditions of pH, ionic strength and different types of commercially available natural organic matter. Changes in particle size and aggregation were examined using a multi-method approach. Results showed that the natural organic matter was able to adsorb onto nanoparticle surfaces and improve their stability when subjected to changes in pH and ionic strength, where they would normally aggregate.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesmono Bayu, Dewi Yussy Afriani, Ratunanda Sinta Sari, Aroeman Nur Akbar
    Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma Sucessfully Treated with Cyclosphospamide-Methyl Prednisolon Lesmono Bayu, Dewi Yussy Afriani, Ratunanda Sinta Sari, Aroeman Nur Akbar Departement of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University-Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung ABSTRACT Objective: Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare, chronic, and progressive disease that provokes skin lesions, such as damage of the histiocytes of Non-Langerhans cell, skin lesions (yellowish or noduled ulcerative lesions) in the induration skin. The most common predilection areas are on the face, orbital, and extremities. The etiology is still unknown, but sometimes is often associated with monoclonal gammopathy. The granulomatous infiltrate was composed of lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, foamy histiocytes and giant cells, many of them of Touton type. Some patients who had lesions are asymptomatic, sometimes they will feel paresthesias, burning pain. Nowadays, this management still vary widely, include medicamentous (cytostatics, steroids), radiotherapy, and surgery. Sets forth the results of two patients NXG. Methods: The subjects in this study were a 44-years-old male patient with some lesions on both cheeks and forehead since 5 months ago and a 29-years-old female patient with some lesions on both cheeks and ears. Results: First patient treated with Methylprednisolon 0.8 mg/Kg and tappered off for a month with improved results. Second patient treated with Cyclosphosphamide 750 mg/m2 with improved results within three weeks. Conclusion: Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma treatment still required further research by the number of samples that much to find out the efficiency management NXG. Keywords: Cyclosphosphamide, methylprednisolon, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma 1 Introduction Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare disease, a chronic, progressive and cause skin lesions in the form of damage to the cell Non-Lagerhans histiocytes.
    [Show full text]
  • An Unusual Juvenile Xanthogranuloma on a Finger MCP Joint
    200 An Unusual Juvenile Xanthogranuloma on a Finger MCP Joint Sang Hee Cha, M.D., Sang Hyun Cho, M.D., Jeong Deuk Lee, M.D. Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign self-limited histiocytic proliferative disorder that usually occurs in early childhood. JXG appears as reddish to yellow, papules, or nodules, and although the head, neck, and trunk are the most frequent locations, it can occur at any body site. However, JXG involving the finger is rare. Histologically, JXG is characterized by an ill-defined, unencapsulated, dense histiocytic infiltrate within the dermis, some of which is contained in Touton giant cells, foreign body giant cells and foamy cells. Because the cutaneous lesions spontaneously regress, treatment is not usually indicated. The authors report a case of JXG in a 4-year-old girl who had tender, yellowish papule on the ventral aspect of the MCP joint of the right fourth finger consistent with JXG. (Ann Dermatol (Seoul) 20(4) 200∼203, 2008) Key Words: Finger, Juvenile xanthogranuloma INTRODUCTION CASE REPORT Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign A 4-year-old girl presented with a papule of cutaneous histiocytic proliferation, and was first several months duration on the ventral aspect of described by Helwig and Hackney in 19541. The the right fourth finger MCP joint (Fig. 1). The pathophysiology of JXG is not well understood, lesion was a firm, dome-shaped, yellowish, 0.4×0.4 although it is thought to originate from a histiocytic cm sized papule. There was no remarkable past or granulomatous reaction2,3.
    [Show full text]
  • Nongenetic Reactivation and Is Caused by the Action of the Uncoating Protein
    Poxviruses Dr. Ali Hashemi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Introduction Structure and Composition Poxviruses are the largest and most complex of viruses infecting humans. Poxviruses are large enough to be seen as featureless particles by light microscopy. By electron microscopy, they appear to be brick-shaped or ellipsoid particles. An outer lipoprotein membrane,or envelope, encloses a core and two structures of unknown function called lateral bodies Cont…. The core contains the large viral genome of linear double- stranded DNA. The DNA contains inverted terminal repeats of variable length, and the strands are connected at the ends by terminal hairpin loops. The chemical composition of a poxvirus resembles that of a bacterium. Vaccinia virus is composed predominantly of protein (90%), lipid (5%), and DNA (3%). Classification Poxviruses are divided into two subfamilies based on whether they infect vertebrate or insect hosts. Most of the poxviruses that can cause disease in humans are contained in the genera Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus; there are also several that are classified in the genera Yatapoxvirus and Molluscipoxvirus. Cont… Cont… The orthopoxviruses have a broad host range affecting several vertebrates. They include ectromelia (mousepox), camelpox, cowpox, monkeypox, vaccinia, and variola (smallpox) viruses. Some poxviruses have a restricted host range and infect only rabbits (fibroma and myxoma) or only birds. Others infect mainly sheep and goats (sheeppox, goatpox) or cattle (pseudocowpox, or milker’s nodule). Poxvirus replication Poxviruses are unique among DNA viruses in that the entire multiplication cycle takes place in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Poxviruses are further distinguished from all other animal viruses by the fact that the uncoating step requires a newly synthesized, virus-encoded protein.
    [Show full text]
  • Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Departmental Papers (BE) Department of Bioengineering 1-1-2006 Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging Daniel L. J Thorek University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Antony K. Chen University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Julie Czupryna University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Andrew Tsourkas University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/be_papers Part of the Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Thorek, D. L., Chen, A. K., Czupryna, J., & Tsourkas, A. (2006). Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/be_papers/77 Postprint version. Published in Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Volume 34, Issue 1, January 2006, pages 23-38. Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-005-9002-7 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/be_papers/77 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Probes for Molecular Imaging Abstract The field of molecular imaging has ecentlyr seen rapid advances in the development of novel contrast agents and the implementation of insightful approaches to monitor biological processes non-invasively. In particular, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have demonstrated their utility as an important tool for enhancing magnetic resonance contrast, allowing
    [Show full text]
  • Il/I,E,Icanjluseum
    il/i,e,icanJluseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 1870 FEBRUARY 26, 1958 The Role of the "Third Eye" in Reptilian Behavior BY ROBERT C. STEBBINS1 AND RICHARD M. EAKIN2 INTRODUCTION The pineal gland remains an organ of uncertain function despite extensive research (see summaries of literature: Pflugfelder, 1957; Kitay and Altschule, 1954; and Engel and Bergmann, 1952). Its study by means of pinealectomy has been hampered in the higher vertebrates by its recessed location and association with large blood vessels which have made difficult its removal without brain injury or serious hemorrhage. Lack of purified, standardized extracts, improper or inadequate extrac- tion techniques (Quay, 1956b), and lack of suitable assay methods to test biological activity have hindered the physiological approach. It seems probable that the activity of the gland varies among different species (Engel and Bergmann, 1952), between individuals of the same species, and within the same individual. This may also have contrib- uted to the variable results obtained with pinealectomy, injection, and implantation experiments. The morphology of the pineal apparatus is discussed in detail by Tilney and Warren (1919) and Gladstone and Wakely (1940). Only a brief survey is presented here for orientation. In living vertebrates the pineal system in its most complete form may be regarded as consisting of a series of outgrowths situated above the third ventricle in the roof of the diencephalon. In sequence these outgrowths are the paraphysis, dorsal sac, parapineal, and pineal bodies. The paraphysis, the most I University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biochromes ) 1.2
    FORSCHUNG 45 CHIMIA 49 (1995) Nr. 3 (Miirz) Chim;a 49 (1995) 45-68 quire specific molecules, pigments or dyes © Neue Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft (biochromes) or systems containing them, /SSN 0009-4293 to absorb the light energy. Photoprocesses and colors are essential for life on earth, and without these biochromes and the photophysical and photochemical interac- tions, life as we know it would not have The Function of Natural been possible [1][2]. a Colorants: The Biochromes ) 1.2. Notation The terms colorants, dyes, and pig- ments ought to be used in the following way [3]: Colorants are either dyes or pig- Hans-Dieter Martin* ments, the latter being practically insolu- ble in the media in which they are applied. Indiscriminate use of these terms is fre- Abstract. The colors of nature belong undoubtedly to the beautiful part of our quently to be found in literature, but in environment. Colors always fascinated humans and left them wonderstruck. But the many biological systems it is not possible trivial question as to the practical application of natural colorants led soon and at all to make this differentiation. The consequently to coloring and dyeing of objects and humans. Aesthetical, ritual and coloring compounds of organisms have similar aspects prevailed. This function of dyes and pigments is widespread in natl)re. been referred to as biochromes, and this The importance of such visual-effective dyes is obvious: they support communication seems to be a suitable expression for a between organisms with the aid of conspicuous optical signals and they conceal biological colorant, since it circumvents revealing ones, wl,1eninconspicuosness can mean survival.
    [Show full text]