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Reforming the Police in Post-Soviet States: Georgia and Kyrgystan
Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. The United States Army War College The United States Army War College educates and develops leaders for service at the strategic level while advancing knowledge in the global application of Landpower. The purpose of the United States Army War College is to produce graduates who are skilled critical thinkers and complex problem solvers. Concurrently, it is our duty to the U.S. Army to also act as a “think factory” for commanders and civilian leaders at the strategic level worldwide and routinely engage in discourse and debate concerning the role of ground forces in achieving national security objectives. The Strategic Studies Institute publishes national security and strategic research and analysis to influence policy debate and bridge the gap between military and academia. The Center for Strategic Leadership and Development CENTER for contributes to the education of world class senior STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP and DEVELOPMENT leaders, develops expert knowledge, and provides U.S. ARMY WAR COLLEGE solutions to strategic Army issues affecting the national security community. The Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute provides subject matter expertise, technical review, and writing expertise to agencies that develop stability operations concepts and doctrines. U.S. Army War College The Senior Leader Development and Resiliency program supports the United States Army War College’s lines of SLDR effort -
2008 Hate Crime Survey
2008 Hate Crime Survey About Human Rights First HRF’s Fighting Discrimination Program Human Rights First believes that building respect for human The Fighting Discrimination Program has been working since rights and the rule of law will help ensure the dignity to which 2002 to reverse the rising tide of antisemitic, racist, anti- every individual is entitled and will stem tyranny, extremism, Muslim, anti-immigrant, and homophobic violence and other intolerance, and violence. bias crime in Europe, the Russian Federation, and North America. We report on the reality of violence driven by Human Rights First protects people at risk: refugees who flee discrimination, and work to strengthen the response of persecution, victims of crimes against humanity or other mass governments to combat this violence. We advance concrete, human rights violations, victims of discrimination, those whose practical recommendations to improve hate crimes legislation rights are eroded in the name of national security, and human and its implementation, monitoring and public reporting, the rights advocates who are targeted for defending the rights of training of police and prosecutors, the work of official anti- others. These groups are often the first victims of societal discrimination bodies, and the capacity of civil society instability and breakdown; their treatment is a harbinger of organizations and international institutions to combat violent wider-scale repression. Human Rights First works to prevent hate crimes. For more information on the program, visit violations against these groups and to seek justice and www.humanrightsfirst.org/discrimination or email accountability for violations against them. [email protected]. Human Rights First is practical and effective. -
Russian Federation State Actors of Protection
European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Russian Federation State Actors of Protection March 2017 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Russian Federation State Actors of Protection March 2017 Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Free phone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00800 numbers or these calls may be billed. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Print ISBN 978-92-9494-372-9 doi: 10.2847/502403 BZ-04-17-273-EN-C PDF ISBN 978-92-9494-373-6 doi: 10.2847/265043 BZ-04-17-273-EN-C © European Asylum Support Office 2017 Cover photo credit: JessAerons – Istockphoto.com Neither EASO nor any person acting on its behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained herein. EASO Country of Origin Report: Russian Federation – State Actors of Protection — 3 Acknowledgments EASO would like to acknowledge the following national COI units and asylum and migration departments as the co-authors of this report: Belgium, Cedoca (Center for Documentation and Research), Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons Poland, Country of Origin Information Unit, Department for Refugee Procedures, Office for Foreigners Sweden, Lifos, Centre for Country of Origin Information and Analysis, Swedish Migration Agency Norway, Landinfo, Country of -
Organized Crime and the Russian State Challenges to U.S.-Russian Cooperation
Organized Crime and the Russian State Challenges to U.S.-Russian Cooperation J. MICHAEL WALLER "They write I'm the mafia's godfather. It was Vladimir Ilich Lenin who was the real organizer of the mafia and who set up the criminal state." -Otari Kvantrishvili, Moscow organized crime leader.l "Criminals Nave already conquered the heights of the state-with the chief of the KGB as head of a mafia group." -Former KGB Maj. Gen. Oleg Kalugin.2 Introduction As the United States and Russia launch a Great Crusade against organized crime, questions emerge not only about the nature of joint cooperation, but about the nature of organized crime itself. In addition to narcotics trafficking, financial fraud and racketecring, Russian organized crime poses an even greater danger: the theft and t:rafficking of weapons of mass destruction. To date, most of the discussion of organized crime based in Russia and other former Soviet republics has emphasized the need to combat conven- tional-style gangsters and high-tech terrorists. These forms of criminals are a pressing danger in and of themselves, but the problem is far more profound. Organized crime-and the rarnpant corruption that helps it flourish-presents a threat not only to the security of reforms in Russia, but to the United States as well. The need for cooperation is real. The question is, Who is there in Russia that the United States can find as an effective partner? "Superpower of Crime" One of the greatest mistakes the West can make in working with former Soviet republics to fight organized crime is to fall into the trap of mirror- imaging. -
Аваков Kharkov 2014 Engl Site.Pdf
ARSEN AVAKOV CONTENTS Foreword by the Author . 6 How did We Win That Spring? . 8 Ukraine . February—April 2014 . Headlines Only . 20. Kharkiv February 22—April 7, 2014 . 136 Information Warfare and the Russian Trail . 151 Rally on March 1, 2014 . The Capture of the KhOSA Building . 160 On the Eve . 170 Kharkiv April 7, 2014 . Assault of the KhOSA Building . 180 Kharkiv . April 8, 2014 . Slobozhanshchina— is Ukraine! . 208 Why We Managed to Do It in Kharkiv . 215 The Photo Chronicles . 224 Annexes . 225 4 2014: Some Moments of the Kharkiv Spring Annex 1 . 228 Annex 2 . 256 Annex 3 . 260 Annex 4 . 263 Annex 5 . 270 Annex 6 . 276 Author’s Afterword . 281 5 ARSEN AVAKOV FOREWORD BY THE AUTHOR This book is about Kharkiv and its people . And also my story about one night, several hard days, and months of troubled 2014 . That first year of the hybrid war against Ukraine and the very night that became a turning point for Kharkiv and Ukraine’s fate . After several years, I tried to analyze the events of that period in Kharkiv’s life against the background of the country’s general situation, when Putin’s regime’s military aggression was beginning, when we still did not understand real might, cynicism, and preparedness of the enemy . As the Minister of Internal Affairs, I knew the situation in the country, in every city—and I will tell you about it . But what was happening in Kharkiv, I learned both from the reports of subordinates and friends and family calls . That’s why I invited Kharkiv citizens to co-author this book—the very men and women who saw those developments with their own eyes and in those difficult days lived through both the fate of their city and their personal destiny . -
Policing in Federal States
NEPAL STEPSTONES PROJECTS Policing in Federal States Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler (Eds.) Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) www.dcaf.ch The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces is one of the world’s leading institutions in the areas of security sector reform (SSR) and security sector governance (SSG). DCAF provides in-country advisory support and practical assis- tance programmes, develops and promotes appropriate democratic norms at the international and national levels, advocates good practices and makes policy recommendations to ensure effective democratic governance of the security sector. DCAF’s partners include governments, parliaments, civil society, international organisations and the range of security sector actors such as police, judiciary, intelligence agencies, border security ser- vices and the military. 2011 Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva, 2011 Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler, eds., Policing in Federal States, Nepal Stepstones Projects Series # 2 (Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011). Nepal Stepstones Projects Series no. 2 © Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011 Executive publisher: Procon Ltd., <www.procon.bg> Cover design: Angel Nedelchev ISBN 978-92-9222-149-2 PREFACE In this book we will be looking at specimens of federative police or- ganisations. As can be expected, the federative organisation of such states as Germany, Switzerland, the USA, India and Russia will be reflected in their police organisation, though the extremely decentralised approach of Switzerland with hardly any central man- agement structures can hardly serve as a paradigm of ‘the’ federal police organisation. -
An Garda Síochána: Culture, Challenges, and Change
An Garda Síochána: Culture, challenges, and change This thesis was submitted to the School of Social Work and Social Policy, Trinity College Dublin for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2020 Courtney Marsh This thesis was supervised by Professor Eoin O’Sullivan Declaration I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the Library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. I consent to the examiner retaining a copy of the thesis beyond the examining period, should they so wish (EU GDPR May 2018). Signed: Courtney Marsh i Summary An Garda Síochána: Culture, challenges, and change is an exploration and understanding of the organisational culture of An Garda Síochána – Ireland’s National Policing Organisation. While the Gardaí – or officers – are often in the news media, there has been very little academic research on who and what this organisation is. On an abstract level, organisational culture provides the framework of the basic rules necessary to function, or survive, in an organisation. Police organisational culture provides an identity to officers that performs this same function. On a more specific scale, internationally, police culture has been understood to consist of masculinity, discrimination, exclusion, suspicion, isolation, solidarity/loyalty, moral and political conservatism, pragmatism, cynicism, aggression, negative views of supervision, selective enforcement of the law, and a prioritisation of the crime fighter role over service oriented role. -
How the Unwritten Law Prevails in Japan
WARRIORS BETRAYED: How THE "UNWRITTEN LAW" PREVAILS IN JAPAN Kiyoko Kamio Knapp* I. INTRODUCTION II. OVERVIEW OF KOosHi ("DEATH FROM OVERWORK") III. LEGAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH KAROSHI A. Failureof Work Hour Regulations B. Failureof the Workers' Compensation System 1. Overview 2. An Illustration of the System's Failure IV. WEAK ENFORCEMENT OF LAW IN JAPAN A. The Role of Law in the United States B. The Role of Law in Japan V. CORPORATE DOMINANCE IN JAPAN VI. RISE OF INDIVIDUALISM AMONG JAPANESE YOUTH VII. THE FIGHT FOR HUMAN DIGNITY A. The Need for More Forceful Laws B. Possibilitiesof Working Within the Existing System 1. Learning about Law 2. Participatingin the System VIII. CONCLUSION * LL.M. candidate in Asian and Comparative Law, University of Washington School of Law, 1997; J.D., Northwestern School of Law of Lewis and Clark College, 1996. The author wishes to dedicate this article, with appreciation, to the following people: her husband, Wayne Knapp, Professor Bill Williamson, Mr. Tadashi Matsumaru and many other Japanese lawyers who are working hard on behalf of karoshi victims and their families. Unless otherwise noted, the author is responsible for the accuracy of all Japanese translations. Japanese authors are cited as they appear on the publication. Some authors followed the traditional Japanese style of placing the author's surname first, followed by the first name; others follow the Western style. For authors in the former category, only surnames are used for subsequent abbreviated references. IND. INT'L & COMP. L. REV. [Vol. 6:3 [C]an't it be said that today's armies of corporate workers are in fact slaves in almost every sense of the word?' [T]he freedom of an individual to live and die naturally without being subjected to destruction by others is the foundation of all human rights.2 I. -
Cultural Criminology Unleashed
CULTURAL CRIMINOLOGY UNLEASHED Edited by Jeff Ferrell, Keith Hayward, Wayne Morrison and Mike Presdee First published in Great Britain 2004 by The GlassHouse Press, The Glass House, Wharton Street, London WC1X 9PX, United Kingdom Telephone: + 44 (0)20 7278 8000 Facsimile: + 44 (0)20 7278 8080 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cavendishpublishing.com Published in the United States by Cavendish Publishing c/o International Specialized Book Services, 5824 NE Hassalo Street, Portland, Oregon 97213-3644, USA Published in Australia by The GlassHouse Press, 45 Beach Street, Coogee, NSW 2034, Australia Telephone: + 61 (2)9664 0909 Facsimile: +61 (2)9664 5420 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cavendishpublishing.com.au © Cavendish Publishing Limited 2004 Chapter 2 © Tony Jefferson 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of Cavendish Publishing Limited, or as expressly permitted by law, or under the terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Cavendish Publishing Limited, at the address above. You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A record is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available ISBN 1-90438-537-0 ISBN 978-1-904-38537-0 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Printed and bound in Great Britain Cover image supplied by Cécile Van de Voorde “pourin’ off of every page” Acknowledgments The seeds of Cultural Criminology Unleashed were first sown at a small conference held at the University of London’s Chancellor’s Hall in the late Spring of 2003. -
2 Patterns of Immigration in Germany and Japan
Thesis ETHNIC NATION-STATES AT THE CROSSROADS Institutions, Political Coalitions, and Immigration Policies in Germany and Japan Submitted by Jan Patrick Seidel Graduate School of Public Policy In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree Master of Public Policy The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan Summer 2015 Advisor: Kentarō Maeda Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor Kentarō Maeda for the direction and advice in writing my thesis. I would also like to thank Chisako Kaga, my family and friends in Germany and Japan for the unconditional emotional support. Finally, I would like to thank the University of Tokyo for the financial assistance that made my stay in Japan possible. 誠にありがとうございました! Table of contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................... II ABBREVIATION INDEX .......................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 5 1. THEORIES OF IMMIGRATION POLICY-MAKING AND THE CASES OF GERMANY AND JAPAN .................................................................................................................12 1.1 Theoretical and methodological considerations .....................................12 1.1.1 Three theory streams of immigration and integration policy-making ..12 1.1.2 -
Gibbs Umd 0117E 12639.Pdf
ABSTRACT Title of Document: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEGITIMACY, TERRORIST ATTACKS AND POLICE Jennifer Catherine Gibbs Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Directed By: Professor Laura Dugan Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Scholars often suggest that terrorism – “the threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence to attain a political, economic, religious or social goal through fear, coercion or intimidation” (LaFree & Dugan, 2007, 184) – is a battle of legitimacy. As the most ubiquitous representatives of the government’s coercive force, the police should be most susceptible to terrorism stemming from perceptions of illegitimacy. Police are attractive symbolic and strategic targets, and they were victimized in over 12% of terrorist attacks worldwide since 1970. However, empirical research assessing the influence of legitimacy on terrorist attacks, generally, and scholarly attention to terrorist attacks on police are scant. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the influence of state and police legitimacy and alternative explanations on the proportion of all and only fatal terrorist attacks on police in 82 countries between 1999 and 2008. Data were drawn from several sources, including the Global Terrorism Database and the World Values Survey. Surprisingly, results of Tobit analyses indicate that police legitimacy, measured by the percentage of the population who have at least some confidence in police, is not significantly related to the proportion of all terrorist attacks on police or the proportion of fatal terrorist attacks on police. State legitimacy was measured by four indicators; only the percentage of the population who would never protest reached significance, lending limited support for this hypothesis. Greater societal schism, the presence of a foreign military and greater economic inequality were consistently significant predictors of higher proportions of terrorist attacks on police. -
Law Enforcement in Japan - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Law Enforcement in Japan from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
9/25/2014 Law enforcement in Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Law enforcement in Japan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Law enforcement in Japan is provided by the Prefectural Police under the oversight of the National Police Agency or NPA. The NPA is headed by the National Public Safety Commission thus ensuring that Japan's police are an apolitical body and free of direct central government executive control. They are checked by an independent judiciary and monitored by a free and active press. Japanese Police logo Contents 1 History 2 National Organization 2.1 National Public Safety Commission 2.1.1 National Police Agency 2.1.1.1 Police Administration Bureau Aichi Prefecture Toyota Crown police car 2.1.1.2 Criminal Investigation in the parking lot in the Expo 2005 Aichi Japan Before the South Korean pavilion. Bureau 2.1.1.3 Traffic Bureau 2.1.1.4 Security Bureau 2.1.1.5 Regional Public Safety Bureaus 2.1.1.6 Police Communications Divisions 2.1.1.7 Imperial Guard 3 Strength 4 Local organization 4.1 Prefectural Police 4.1.1 Kōban 5 Riot police 6 Special police http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Japan 1/20 9/25/2014 Law enforcement in Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 6.1 Special judicial police officials (特別司法警 察職員) 6.1.1 Cabinet Office 6.1.2 Ministry of Justice 6.1.3 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 6.1.4 Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 6.1.5 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 6.1.6 Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism 6.1.6.1 Coast Guard Officer (海上保 安官) 6.1.7