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Version L’Ayant Rendu Fermé À Toute Discussion « Rationnelle » Sur Certains Sujets Voyage au cœur de l’islam Comprendre l’islam. Islam religion de paix ? Ou islam religion intolérante ? Par Benjamin LISAN, le 12/08/2020 A mon ami, Hassan. « Si vérité et amitié nous sont également chères, c’est un devoir sacré d’accorder la préférence à la vérité », Aristote, Éthique à Nicomaque, I, 4, 1096 à 13. « Mieux vaut une amère vérité qu'un doux mensonge1 », Anonyme. « Mal nommer les choses c'est ajouter au malheur du monde », Citation apocryphe d’Albert Camus2. 1 Introduction / Mes motivations Ma mère ainsi que les membres de ma famille maternelle ont toujours été caractérisés par une honnêteté scrupuleuse, un certain sens de la générosité et de la justice, en relation, très probablement, avec leur foi chrétienne (en tout cas pour ma mère et ses parents), une foi surtout caractérisée par un profond sens du devoir (plus que par compassion). Au contraire, du côté de la lignée paternelle, j’ai été confronté à des personnes tyranniques, manipulatrices, pour certaines mégalomanes, égoïstes, égocentriques, paranoïaques et à la limite de la psychopathie, n’ayant jamais eu la préoccupation de la justice. J’ai eu à choisir entre deux modèles de comportement et de philosophie totalement contradictoires. J’ai finalement toujours choisi la voie de l’honnêteté et de la justice et le rejet de toute tyrannie. Et j’ai toujours analyser les choses politiques, religieuses, en fonction de ces deux impératifs moraux et de ce rejet, y compris ultérieurement pour l’islam. Dans ce texte, je vais d’abord aborder les faits, influences et événements, qui ont formé ma philosophie morale : 1) Mon expérience des bandes, 2) La lecture, 3) Le fanatisme communiste. 4) Le christianisme, 5) Ma formation scientifique. 1.1 Mon expérience des bandes Jeune, j’aurais pu mal finir. Dans une zone à HLM, à Champigny-sur-Marne, entre l’âge de 7 à 11 ans, j’ai été confronté aux phénomènes de bandes, toutes dirigées par un chef, qui les gèrent par la menace ou/et la séduction. Il y avait la bande 1 Ce proverbe signifie que la vérité même si elle est dure à accepter, est préférable au mensonge. A dire la vérité au lieu de la masquer. Perdre cette tendance à raconter des mensonges à tout va... Et ce peu importe la raison. Souvent les gens se mettent sur leur défensive, voir s'irritent, lorsqu'on dit une vérité à laquelle ils ne désirent pas adhérer. 2 « L'idée profonde de Parain est une idée d'honnêteté: la critique du langage ne peut éluder ce fait que nos paroles nous engagent et que nous devons leur être fidèles. Mal nommer un objet, c'est ajouter au malheur de ce monde. Et justement la grande misère humaine qui a longtemps poursuivi Parain et qui lui a inspiré des accents si émouvants, c'est le mensonge », Albert Camus, in « Sur une philosophie de l’expression », compte rendu de l’ouvrage de Brice Parain, in Recherches sur la nature et la fonction du langage, éd. Gallimard, in Poésie 44, n° 17, p. 22. Cf. https://dicocitations.lemonde.fr/citations/citation-130147.php 1 à Benchetrit et celle de Guillaume. Benchetrit gérait plutôt sa bande par la force virile, Guillaume par la corruption, par les bonbons. Dans les bandes, il n’y a pas vraiment de démocratie, il n’y a pas de réflexion élaborée. Il n’y a pas de pensée indépendante. Ses membres sont soumis à la loi « toute puissante » du groupe, à l’effet de meute. Chaque membre va « hurler avec les loups ». Dans les bandes, on aime bien régler ses comptes, par les bagarres, où l’on montre ses muscles ou par les expéditions punitives, souvent de représailles. Son idéologie rudimentaire est la loi « sauvage » du plus fort, de la jungle, de l’affichage de sa virilité. Dans le groupe, l’individualité est née. Les bandes adorent désigner des boucs émissaires et les persécuter, choisis parce qu’ils sont fragiles, marginaux, ne peuvent pas se défendre (garçons un peu féminin, timides, manquant d’assurance, garçons ou filles habillés, par leur parents, selon des codes vestimentaires opposés à ceux du groupe, enfants d’un autre groupe ethnique etc. …). Si son chef décide de commettre une bêtise ou un délit, aucun membre, par soit lâcheté, soit par l’effet de renforcement du groupe _ donnant l’impression à chaque membre d’être plus fort, dans le groupe, que hors du groupe (l’union faisant la force) _, soit par adhésion au choix du pire (motivé par un plaisir sadique, pervers, psychopathique), ne va s’y opposer. De toute façon, il se soumet à la loi du chef (du plus fort) ou du groupe unanime (à ce que fera et voudra le groupe). Même si intérieurement, le membre n’est pas d’accord avec la persécution d’une personne bouc émissaire, il va pourtant participer à cette persécution, par lâcheté, par effet d’entrainement de la meute, qui peut aller jusqu’au lynchage. Dans certaines affaires criminelles, faisant intervenir une bande, même petite, commettant un acte criminel irrémédiable, on se demande pourquoi certains participants à ce crime ne se sont pas opposés à la décision du chef, pourquoi il n’y a pas eu une initiative « d’assistance à personne en danger » d’un des membres, pourquoi après la commission crime, un des membres n’a pas dénoncé le crime à la police ? Risquer de s’opposer au crime, c’est risquer d’être à son tour en danger et/ou rejeté par le groupe (il y a donc déjà la motivation de la peur et de la lâcheté). Dénoncer le crime à la police, c’est risquer de subir des représailles, de se mettre en danger de mort, d’être discrédité en étant considéré par le groupe comme un traitre, un délateur, une « balance », un cafteur, un cafard … Et certains crimes contre un membre sont justement liés à la peur de la bande que leur victime ne les dénonce et rompe la loi du silence. Quand les bandes font la loi dans un quartier, leur imposant leur culture de l’intimidation et du non-droit et leurs règles, il est difficile de s’en débarrasser, à moins de détruire tout le quartier et de disperser loin des uns des autres tous les membres. A moins de retirer de la circulation tous les membres de toutes les bandes sans aucune exception, afin d’éviter que le cancer se métastase. Il faut déjà que les parents surveillent mieux les enfants, les interdisent de descendre le soir, en bas des immeubles, les incitent à lire et à se cultiver _ la lecture étant un des moyens les plus puissant pour s’ouvrir au monde. A l’âge de 11 ans, mes parents ayant déménagés dans une petite résidence de la classe moyenne, à Montesson, j’ai eu la chance de pouvoir enfin échapper l’emprise des bandes. Après, je me suis toujours méfié des phénomènes de bandes et de meutes, embryons de la dictature. 1.2 L’importance de la lecture Ma mère m’avait toujours incité à lire, dès l’âge de 11 ans. La dynamique de la lecture étant lancée chez moi, grâce à ma mère _ elle-même lisait beaucoup (surtout des romans) _, j’ai eu la chance ensuite de beaucoup lire. C’est surtout elle qui m’a ouvert au monde, en plus des nombreux voyages et séjours dans ces pays, dont j’ai bénéficiés. La lecture conditionnera ma vocation scientifique ultérieure. 1.3 Le fanatisme et le suprémacisme communistes Puis, vers l’âge de 61 ans, vers 1972, J’ai découvert le fanatisme, lorsqu’un ami, Bernard B., s’était converti au communisme _ conversion l’ayant rendu fermé à toute discussion « rationnelle » sur certains sujets. Dans les années 60 et 70, le communisme avait partout le vent en poupe. La plupart des intellectuels français (Sartre, Foucault …) se référaient au marxisme dans leur pensée. Il existait aussi un terrorisme d’extrême-gauche marxiste (Action du Directe (AD), en France, la Fraction Armée Rouge (RAF), en Allemagne, l’Armée rouge, au Japon …). 2 En 1974, j’ai fait l’expérience d’une prise de pouvoir marxiste, par l’extrême-gauche, dans mon école d’ingénieur, l’INSA de Lyon. Des membres de micro-partis marxistes, PCR-ML et LO, ont profité d’une vacance du pouvoir, à la tête de cette école (durant 6 mois), pour en prendre le contrôle. En septembre, tous les bâtiments se sont couverts d’affiches rouges, appelant à une assemblée générale (AG), dans le grande auditorium de l’école, pour décider d’une grève. Ces militants marxistes allaient jusqu’à nous chercher, dans nos résidences universitaires, pour qu’on participe aux AG. Chaque matin, les militants marxistes nous conduisaient comme des moutons à l’auditorium. Les AG étaient vite noyautés par les militants marxistes, leur donnant seulement une apparence démocratique. A priori, tout le monde avait le droit de prendre le micro (y compris ceux qui ne partageaient pas leurs idées), mais, dans les faits, ces mêmes militants, qui dirigeaient ces AG à tribune, retiraient vite le micro à ceux qui ne partageaient pas leurs idées _ j’en avais fait l’expérience _ et le laissaient plus souvent aux militants marxistes (faisaient en sorte qu’ils accaparent continuellement le temps de parole, accordé aux intervenants, à la tribune). Les votes se faisaient toujours à main levée, sans aucun décompte des voix. A cause de la pression et de l’atmosphère « d’agit-prop », de propagande marxiste permanente, ceux, qui n’étaient pas d’accord avec les marxistes, n’osaient pas lever la main.
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