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New Urbanism NewNew Urbanism:Urbanism: AnAn IntroductionIntroduction ThisThis presentationpresentation waswas developeddeveloped byby thethe NewNew UrbanismUrbanism DivisionDivision ofof thethe AmericanAmerican PlanningPlanning AssociationAssociation AdditionalAdditional informationinformation providedprovided by:by: Smart Growth America Congress for the New Urbanism Hillsborough County Planning Commission, Tampa APAAPA HasHas aa SmartSmart GrowthGrowth ProjectProject ItIt respondsresponds toto thethe needneed toto reformreform planningplanning andand landland useuse toto makemake greatgreat communitiescommunities happen.happen. NewNew UrbanismUrbanism isis anan importantimportant componentcomponent ofof smartsmart growthgrowth thatthat promotespromotes alternativealternative housinghousing typestypes thatthat manymany peoplepeople prefer.prefer. SmartSmart GrowthGrowth MeansMeans MoreMore HomeHome ChoicesChoices DefinitionsDefinitions SprawlSprawl isis anan excessivelyexcessively lowlow--densitydensity developmentdevelopment pattern,pattern, inin anan unplannedunplanned andand haphazardhaphazard fashion,fashion, requiringrequiring taxtax supportsupport fromfrom existingexisting communiticommunitieses toto extendextend streets,streets, utilities,utilities, services,services, aandnd communitycommunity facilitiesfacilities suchsuch asas schoolsschools toto undevelopedundeveloped land.land. SmartSmart growthgrowth isis wellwell--plannedplanned developmentdevelopment thatthat utilizesutilizes taxtax dollarsdollars effectivelyeffectively andand providesprovides moremore diversitydiversity forfor thethe community.community. TenTen PrinciplesPrinciples ofof SmartSmart GrowthGrowth 1.1. MixedMixed landland usesuses 2.2. CompactCompact buildingbuilding designdesign 3.3. AA rangerange ofof housinghousing opportunitiesopportunities andand choiceschoices 4.4. WalkableWalkable neighborhoodsneighborhoods 5.5. Distinctive,Distinctive, attractiveattractive communitiescommunities withwith aa strongstrong sensesense ofof placeplace 6.6. PreservationPreservation ofof openopen spaces,spaces, farmland,farmland, naturalnatural beauty,beauty, andand environmentalenvironmental areasareas (Smart Growth America) TenTen PrinciplesPrinciples ofof SmartSmart GrowthGrowth 7.7. DevelopmentDevelopment directeddirected towardtoward existingexisting communitiescommunities 8.8. AA varietyvariety ofof transportationtransportation choiceschoices 9.9. Predictable,Predictable, fair,fair, andand costcost effectiveeffective developmentdevelopment 10.10. CommunityCommunity andand stakeholderstakeholder collaborationcollaboration inin developmentdevelopment decisionsdecisions (Smart Growth America) WhatWhat SmartSmart GrowthGrowth “Is”“Is” AndAnd “Is“Is Not”Not” IsIs moremore transportationtransportation IsIs notnot againstagainst carscars andand choiceschoices andand lessless traffictraffic roadsroads IsIs vibrantvibrant cities,cities, IsIs notnot antianti--suburbansuburban suburbs,suburbs, andand townstowns developmentdevelopment IsIs widerwider varietyvariety ofof IsIs notnot aboutabout tellingtelling housinghousing choiceschoices peoplepeople wherewhere oror howhow toto livelive IsIs wellwell--plannedplanned growthgrowth IsIs notnot againstagainst growthgrowth thatthat improvesimproves qualityquality-- ofof--lifelife (Smart Growth America) SprawlSprawl vs.vs. SmartSmart GrowthGrowth (Smart Growth America) HowHow SmartSmart GrowthGrowth WorksWorks BetterBetter EconomyEconomy ResultsResults inin lowerlower publicpublic serviceservice andand transportationtransportation costscosts EmploymentEmployment EnablesEnables betterbetter accessaccess toto jobsjobs andand lowerlower commutecommute timetime EnvironmentEnvironment CausesCauses lessless airair andand waterwater pollution,pollution, andand destroysdestroys fewerfewer farmsfarms andand openopen spacespace EquityEquity EncouragesEncourages moremore affordableaffordable housinghousing andand createscreates betterbetter choiceschoices inin transportationtransportation andand housinghousing EngagementEngagement EncouragesEncourages participationparticipation inin civiccivic lifelife andand supportssupports healthierhealthier andand moremore activeactive residentsresidents ofof allall agesages (Smart Growth America) NewNew UrbanismUrbanism NewNew UrbanismUrbanism landland useuse patternspatterns supportsupport SmartSmart GrowthGrowth GivingGiving PhysicalPhysical ShapeShape toto CommunityCommunity AcrossAcross NorthNorth America,America, andand aroundaround thethe world,world, anan urbanurban designdesign movementmovement calledcalled NewNew UrbanismUrbanism isis improvingimproving thethe wayway ourour citiescities andand townstowns areare built.built. (Congress for the New Urbanism) (Congress for the New Urbanism) GivingGiving PhysicalPhysical ShapeShape toto CommunityCommunity ConventionalConventional developmentsdevelopments areare large,large, singlesingle--useuse placesplaces hostilehostile toto pedestrians.pedestrians. (Congress for the New Urbanism) NewNew UrbanistUrbanist communitiescommunities areare walkablewalkable,, mixedmixed--useuse neighborhoods.neighborhoods. (Congress for the New Urbanism) GivingGiving PhysicalPhysical ShapeShape toto CommunityCommunity NewNew UrbanismUrbanism providesprovides aa rangerange ofof housinghousing choices,choices, fromfrom singlesingle--familyfamily homeshomes withwith yardsyards toto apartmentsapartments overover storefronts.storefronts. TheThe PrinciplesPrinciples ofof NewNew UrbanismUrbanism TheThe principlesprinciples ofof NewNew UrbanismUrbanism areare applicableapplicable toto allall scalesscales ofof community:community: z TheThe Region:Region: Metropolis,Metropolis, City,City, andand TownTown z TheThe Neighborhood,Neighborhood, thethe District,District, andand thethe CorridorCorridor z TheThe Block,Block, thethe StreStreet,et, andand thethe BuildingBuilding (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe NeighborhoodNeighborhood ConventionalConventional NewNew UrbanistUrbanist z SetSet backback farfar fromfrom streetstreet z NearNear thethe streetstreet z AutomobileAutomobile--basedbased z PedestrianPedestrian--orientedoriented z GarageGarage inin frontfront z FrontFront porchesporches TheThe NeighborhoodNeighborhood In New Urbanism, each neighborhood has a center z The center should be a public space, whether a square, a green, or an important intersection. z This is used as a public gathering place and as a landmark identifying the neighborhood. (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe NeighborhoodNeighborhood QuarterQuarter--milemile fromfrom centercenter toto edgeedge z ForFor mostmost people,people, aa quarterquarter milemile isis aa fivefive-- minuteminute walk.walk. z StoresStores andand services,services, schools,schools, houseshouses ofof worship,worship, andand recreationalrecreational areasareas shouldshould bebe locatedlocated inin thisthis areaarea (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe TownTown CenterCenter Diverse,Diverse, walkablewalkable villagesvillages andand towntown centerscenters areare whatwhat distinguishdistinguish NewNew UrbanismUrbanism fromfrom otherother modernmodern developmentdevelopment styles.styles. (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe Block,Block, Street,Street, andand BuildingBuilding SpreadSpread outout developmentdevelopment patternspatterns ofof mostmost postpost--warwar suburbssuburbs discouragediscourage walking.walking. (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe Block,Block, Street,Street, andand BuildingBuilding NewNew UrbanistUrbanist streetsstreets areare comfortablecomfortable andand interestinginteresting placesplaces forfor peoplepeople toto walkwalk andand meet.meet. z BuildingsBuildings openopen ontoonto sidewalks,sidewalks, ratherrather thanthan parkingparking lots.lots. z WindowsWindows andand doorsdoors facingfacing thethe sidewalksidewalk makemake streetsstreets safer,safer, andand moremore interesting,interesting, forfor everyone.everyone. (Congress for the New Urbanism) TheThe Block,Block, Street,Street, andand BuildingBuilding Conventional ConventionalConventional versusversus NewNew UrbanistUrbanist streetstreet patternspatterns z AmountAmount ofof traffictraffic onon arterialarterial z NumberNumber ofof routeroute choiceschoices z WalkabilityWalkability New Urbanist (Congress for the New Urbanism) ConventionalConventional GrowthGrowth SuburbsSuburbs havehave notnot beenbeen immuneimmune toto decline.decline. z AsAs places,places, theythey oftenoften engenderengender eveneven lessless loyaltyloyalty thanthan olderolder cities.cities. z Today'sToday's suburbssuburbs cancan bebe asas impersonalimpersonal asas thethe graygray citiescities ofof thethe past.past. z TrafficTraffic manymany timestimes provesproves worse.worse. AA SuburbanSuburban AlternativeAlternative SuburbsSuburbs provideprovide fertilefertile groundground forfor thethe NewNew UrbanismUrbanism z InfillInfill projectsprojects z HousingHousing redevelopmentredevelopment z RetrofittingRetrofitting existingexisting commercialcommercial areasareas intointo towntown centerscenters (Congress for the New Urbanism) NewNew UrbanismUrbanism TheThe ChallengeChallenge WhatWhat IssuesIssues NeedNeed toto BeBe Addressed?Addressed? PedestrianPedestrian accessaccess AutomobileAutomobile dependencedependence MixtureMixture ofof buildingsbuildings andand usesuses PedestrianPedestrian AccessAccess DevelopmentDevelopment withoutwithout pedestrianpedestrian amenitiesamenities doesdoes notnot encourageencourage walkingwalking z LackLack ofof sidewalkssidewalks
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