DOCSLIB.ORG

Monitoring Places of Imprisonment in Albania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Monitoring Places of Imprisonment in Albania Monitoring places of imprisonment in Albania Building free of torture and impunity societies in Western Balkans An EU‐funded project Podgorica, June, 2016 Youth Initiative for Human Rights (MNE), Montenegro The Albanian Rehabilitation Centre for Trauma and Torture, Albania June, 2016 For publisher Edina Hasanaga Çobaj Ardian Kati Authors Erinda Bllaca Ariel Como Translation Sabra Decević Print and Design Copy Center DOO, Podgorica Circulation 300 copy Kaталогизација у публикацији Национална библиотека Црне Горе, Цетиње ISBN 978‐9940‐608‐02‐6 COBISS.CG‐ID 30459152 About the Project The project “Building Free of Torture and Impunity Societies in Western Balkans” im- plemented as leading partners Youth Initiative for Human Rights (YIHR MNE)- mem- ber of Civic Alliance, Albanian Rehabilitation Center for Trauma and Torture (ARCT), Youth Initiative for Human Rights (YIHR SR) and International Council for Rehabil- itation of Victims of Torture from Denmark (IRCT). The project is financially sup- ported by the European Union. This project has been implemented since 2013, until September 2016. Goal of the project is to contribute to the society without torture through activities di- rected against torture and other cruel and inhuman and degrading treatment or pun- ishing, and promotion of international standards, especially OPCAT. Goal of the project is promotion of human dignity in prisons through eliminating of torture and inhuman treatment of vulnerable persons in prisons in Montenegro, Serbia and Albania. Electronic copy of this report can be downloaded from the internet pages: www.freeoftorture.com www.arct.org Albanian Rehabilitation Centre for Trauma and Torture Street Kont Urani, 10, Tirana Albania Tel: +355 422 56522 Fax:+355 422 39121 Email: [email protected] The contents of this manual are the sole responsibility of YIHR Montenegro and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Table of Contents Preface................................................................................................................5 Monitoring places of imprisonment: Results ..................................................12 Monitoring missions, findings and recommendations for each instituion ..27 IECD ALI DEMI ............................................................................................................27 IECD TROPOJE ..............................................................................................................33 IECD KORCE..................................................................................................................34 IECD VLORE ..................................................................................................................41 IECD FUSHE KRUJA ....................................................................................................49 IECD BURREL ................................................................................................................51 IECD DURRES................................................................................................................56 IECD FIER ........................................................................................................59 IECD ZAHARIA, KRUJE ............................................................................................59 IECD VAQARR................................................................................................................61 IECD KAVAJA ................................................................................................................63 IEVP RROGOZHINA ....................................................................................................68 IECD PEQIN ..................................................................................................................73 IEVP KUKES ..................................................................................................................79 IECD LUSHNJE..............................................................................................................80 PRISON HOSPITAL CENTRE, TIRANA ............................................................84 IEVP LEZHE ..................................................................................................................86 IECD SARANDE ............................................................................................................91 IEVP MINE PEZA ..........................................................................................................93 IECD ELBASAN ............................................................................................................100 IECD TEPELENE ..........................................................................................................103 4 Preface Torture and other forms of maltreatment are without doubt among the heaviest violation of basic human rights. They destroy the dignity, body and the mind of the victim and have huge effects on the family and the community. However, regardless the absolute prohibition of torture and other forms of maltreatment according to the international law, unfortunately the practice remains widespread globally, especially on places out of the public eye. Even in places expected to have high protection of human rights, monitors continue to document abusive physical acts and conditions of custody that are in conflict with the minimal international standards. Unfortunately, this includes Albania. International law offers a particular group of norms that regulate the way countries can exercise competences, that define minimal standards for prison conditions, and offer guidance about the way and treatment of persons deprived of liberty. Countries must secure an effective implementation of these standards through the adoption of appropriate measures at the national level. Unfortunately, countries often fail to iden- tify or to admit that their policies, regulations, legislations and administrative practices are inadequate for the basic objective for prevention of the acts of torture and other cruel, inhuman or humiliating acts or punishment (IDTP) from happening. Many countries can do more to end torture practices and other forms of maltreatments in their prisons, and to develop public trust for the authorities in implementing the law. Practical experience has shown that independent visits in the prisons are one the most effective tools to prevent torture and to improve the custody conditions. In general, as well as in the other cases of force, we cannot say that all the criminals are immoral psychotics – and indeed having in mind the number of professional per- sons we have talked to, we are convinced that they are doing a good job, by securing help for persons in need. Experts that work in big institutions are understood by the outdoor monitors as “changed” during the time – almost transformed by the institu- tions. And again, based on our knowledge there are no clear “trainings” or definitions of rules that can be set for a newcomer: it seems that he has a secret in the process of learning, or putting an institutional system, and through the implied system of theo- ries or “stories”, attitudes, rituals and rules that creates discrimination. We can see that this “discrimination system” can easily burst into institutional violence and torture. This is a “theory” or story that easily transforms quiet people into potential violators and criminals that are in centre of our research. Avoidance of the word “torture” is a testament for the fact that we are generally very sensitive in using the word torture. We immediately recognise efforts to deeply defend 5 our sensitivity toward torture by using euphemisms such as “stress positions”, “ gravely interrogations” , “obliged questions”, “fear, savagery”, “cigarettes” for the imprisoned and “expanded techniques of interrogation” (Cole, 2008; Roth, 2005, Shane, 2007, McKelvey, 2007; Mendez 2005). There is a large law and moral discourse on torture that is not allowed under any circumstances. In the UN Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treat- ment or Punishment, 10th December 1984, torture is defined as “every act”: Causing severe physical or mental pain or suffering To act intentionally For any of the following reasons (this is an illustrative list) To obtain information or a confession form the person under torture or from any other person To punish the person for something that they, or another person, has com- mitted or is suspected to have committed To frighten or to force that person or another person For every reason “based on discrimination” “An official person” or “a person acting in an official capacity” should either cause pain, urge action, or to agree with what is being done. This element is not a core one for ethic debate – an action can continue to be a torture without “official persons” being engaged Actions shouldn’t be part of a legal punishment This is a fairly obvious trail and is not part of an ethic debate – someone might argue that a legal penalty can lead to torture and in this way become illegal.(www.unhchr.ch) The Convention further stresses that “There are no exceptional circumstances of any kind, if a threat of war or any other public urgency, can identify rationalization for tor- ture”. Joint Article of the Geneva Convention III, defines violence against life and per- son, particularly murder in every case, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; and “offensive acts upon personal
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FOR TRAUMA and TORTURE of Honor
    Decorated by the President THE ALBANIAN REHABILITATION CENTRE ofRepublic ofAlbania with the FOR TRAUMA AND TORTURE of Honor ALTERNATIVE REPORT To the list of issues (CAT / C ALB / 2 ), dated 15 December 2011 Prepared by the UN Committee against Torture to be considered in connection with the consideration of the second periodic report of ALBANIA AlbanianRehabilitationCentrefor Trauma and Torture(ARCT) April 2012 Contents INTRODUCTORYREMARKS 2 WITHREGARDSTO ARTICLES1 AND4 2 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 2 : 2 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLES 5-9 9 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 10 ...... 10 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 11: ..... ......... WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 14:. 11 OTHERISSUESOFCONCERN: 12 DISABLED PERSONS ...... 12 CHILDREN AND JUVENILES . 12 LEGAL AID SCHEMES 13 RECOMMENDATIONS : 13 ANNEX 1 - CASES IDENTIFIED DURING REGULAR AND AD - HOC VISITS , LETTERS AND MEDIA MONITORING 14 ANNEX 2 - COURT REPRESENTATIONOF A SELECTION OF CASES AS OF 2011:. 26 ANNEX 3 - PREVALENCEOF TORTURE AND ILL TREATMENT IN POLICE, PRE-TRIAL AND DETENTION, RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL SURVEY BASED ON THE ARCT & SCREENING INSTRUMENT 36 1 Introductory remarks Coming from one of the most difficult and atrocious dictatorial regime, Albania is representing a challenge for the political, social and cultural developments of the Balkans, and more widely of the Europe. Since early 90s, significant legal reforms have been made hereby establishing a legal framework in the area of human rights and setting up key institutions, such as the Ombudsman's Office (People's Advocate). However, serious problems from the communist era prevail and Albania is still a society governed by weak state institutions, lack of the Rule ofLaw and widespread corruption; receiving criticisms on the implementation oflaws.
    [Show full text]
  • Presentazione Standard Di Powerpoint
    LESSONS LEARNED FROM IPA I INTERVENTIONS IN ALBANIA JUSTICE REFORM AND THE SHADOW OF THE EXECUTIVE: THE NEW ROLE OF THE MINISTRY OF JUSTICE IN THE JUDICIAL GOVERNANCE IN ALBANIA THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURE CONSERVATION IN THE EU INTEGRATION PROCESS THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ALBANIAN LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN GUARANTYING CONSUMERS’ FOOD SAFETY ‘THE HURDLE RACE’ TO EU MEMBERSHIP: IS ALBANIA A LAGGARD AND WHY? Published by: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Office Tirana Rr. Abdi Toptani Torre Drin, Kati i 3-të Kutia Postare 1418 Tirane, ALBANIA The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publishing do not necessarily represent those of the Foundations. This publication cannot be used for commercial purposes without a prior written approval by the Foundation. www.eupolicyhub.eu FORWARD HUB Monitor is one of the four pillars of the EU experienced during its implementation. The Page | 2 Policy Hub activities and its scope is to closely second policy brief focus on the justice reforms monitor EU integration process and the and the changing role of the executive. It institutions involved, focusing primarily on portrays the shifts of competence toward the inter-institutional coordination among new judicial governance bodies, its expected domestic governmental institutional bodies role towards them and the challenges of inter- and their legal documents and reports. The institutional cooperation, comparing it with HUB Monitor issue briefs draws empirical similar regional practices in Serbia and in evidence from legal documents and regular Montenegro. The third policy brief focus on the reports issued by the relevant institutions and environmental policy sector and the challenges the monitoring indicators abide by that Albania is facing in the implementation of methodological guidelines which include but the acquis for nature and biodiversity are not limited to the enacted regulatory conservation providing recommendations in and/or legislative acts; the activities performed order to avoid every potential drawback to the (no.
    [Show full text]
  • Response of the Albanian Government
    CPT/Inf (2006) 25 Response of the Albanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to Albania from 23 May to 3 June 2005 The Albanian Government has requested the publication of this response. The report of the CPT on its May/June 2005 visit to Albania is set out in document CPT/Inf (2006) 24. Strasbourg, 12 July 2006 Response of the Albanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to Albania from 23 May to 3 June 2005 - 5 - REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Legal Representative Office No.______ Tirana, on 20.03.2006 Subject: The Albanian Authority’s Responses on the Report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and other Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (CPT) The Committee for the Prevention of Torture and other Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (CPT) Mrs. Silvia CASALE - President Council of Europe - Strasbourg Dear Madam, Referring to your letter date 21 December 2005 in the report of 2005 of CPT for Albania, we inform that our state authorities are thoroughly engaged to realize the demands and recommendations made by the CPT and express their readiness to cooperate for the implementation and to take the concrete measures for the resolution of the evidenced problems in this report. Responding to your request for information as regards to the implementation of the submitted recommendations provided in the paragraphs 68, 70, 98, 131, 156 of the report within three months deadline, we inform that we have taken a response form the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Health meanwhile the Ministry of interior will give a response as soon as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Albania 2020 Report
    EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 6.10.2020 SWD(2020) 354 final COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Albania 2020 Report Accompanying the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions 2020 Communication on EU Enlargement Policy {COM(2020) 660 final} - {SWD(2020) 350 final} - {SWD(2020) 351 final} - {SWD(2020) 352 final} - {SWD(2020) 353 final} - {SWD(2020) 355 final} - {SWD(2020) 356 final} EN EN Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1. Context 3 1.2. Summary of the report 4 2. FUNDAMENTALS FIRST: POLITICAL CRITERIA AND RULE OF LAW CHAPTERS 8 2.1. Functioning of democratic institutions and public administration reform 8 2.1.1 Democracy 8 2.1.2. Public administration reform 14 2.2.1. Chapter 23: Judiciary and fundamental rights 18 2.2.2. Chapter 24: Justice, freedom and security 37 3. FUNDAMENTALS FIRST: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVENESS 51 3.1. The existence of a functioning market economy 51 3.2. The capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union 57 4. GOOD NEIGHBOURLY RELATIONS AND REGIONAL COOPERATION 59 5. ABILITY TO ASSUME THE OBLIGATIONS OF MEMBERSHIP 62 5.1. Chapter 1: Free movement of goods 62 5.2. Chapter 2: Freedom of movement of workers 64 5.3. Chapter 3: Right of establishment and freedom to provide services 64 5.4. Chapter 4: Free movement of capital 65 5.5. Chapter 5: Public procurement 67 5.6. Chapter 6: Company law 69 5.7. Chapter 7: Intellectual property law 70 5.8.
    [Show full text]
  • REGIONAL MONITORING REPORT the MONITORING WAS CONDUCTED DURING June - October 2015
    REGIONAL MONITORING REPORT THE MONITORING WAS CONDUCTED DURING June - October 2015 Swiss Confederation REGIONAL MONITORING REPORT This report is produced within the project “Acting regionally for a better respect of persons with mental health problems”, funded by the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs “The purpose of the present Convention is to promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities and to promote respect for their inherent dignity” Article 1, UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Swiss Confederation This publication is part of the regional project “Acting regionally for a better respect of persons with mental health problems”, implemented by the Albanian Helsinki Committee in cooperation with the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in the Republic of Macedonian, the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia and Kosovo Rehabilitation Center for Torture Victims, and funded by the Swiss Confederation, represented by the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs through the “Human Security Division.” Swiss Confederation Helsinki Committee The Kosova Rehabilitation of The Republic of Macedonia Centre for Torture Victims This publication’s content are the sole responsibility of the Albanian Helsinki Committee and partner organizations, and does not reflect the position of the Swiss Confederation represented by the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs acting through the “Human Security Division.” Supervision and scientific editing: Vjollca Meçaj, Executive Director Project leader: M.A Klejda Ngjela, Projects Manager Compiled the report: Klejda Ngjela, Iva Bregasi, Liljana Palibrk, Jelena Mirkov, Voislav Stojanovski, Neda Calovska, Igor Jadrovski, Elena Brmbeska, Alban Muriqi, Fatmire Haliti, Alban Krasniqi Translation: Anri Pashaj For more copies of this report, contact the Albanian Helsinki Committee at the following address: Komiteti Shqiptar i Helsinkit Rr.
    [Show full text]
  • Missing Segments of Ring Roads in Tirana
    Missing Segments of Ring Roads in Tirana about project PROJECT DESCRIPTION The completion of the ring roads of Tirana requires a number of investments in several missing segments that are listed below: • Komuna e Parisit & Medar Shtylla Road development Project is 1.66 Km long. A new section M07 of 0.6 Km from the Outer Ring Road up to the Medar shtylla Road (Tish Daia Road) is yet to be built. The remaining existing section of 1.06 Km long from Outer Ring Road up to Bajram Curri Boulevard needs to be reconstructed; Budget -Komuna e Parisit & Medar • The Intermediate Ring Road Project is 2.16 Km long in total. A new section of 1.54 Km from Shtylla Road Development Zhan D’Ark Boulevard up to Qemal Stafa Road, from Dibra Road up to Zogu I Boulevard and ALL 1.482.000.000 -Intermediate Ring Road from Durres Road up to Myslym Shyri Road is yet to be built. The remaining existing section ALL 4.317.500.000 of 0.62 Km long stretching from Qemal Stafa Road to Dibra Road needs to be reconstructed; -Middle Ring Road ALL 2.037.600.000 • The Middle Ring Road Project is 1.36 Km long in total. A New section of 0.80 Km from Ali Demi -North section of the Outer Ring Road Road up to Qamil Guranjaku Road is yet to be built. The remaining existing section of 0.56 ALL 13.630.050.000 Km including the north section of Qemal Guranjaku Road and Asim Zeneli Road needs to be - North section of the Outer reconstructed.
    [Show full text]
  • INVEST in TIRANA I TABLE of CONTENTS
    INVEST in TIRANA I TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 GENERAL DATA 4 08 FIND OPPORTUNITIES IN TIRANA 19 02 EDUCATED AND PRODUCTIVE LABOR FORCE 5 09 A GREAT ENVIRONMENT FOR START UPS 23 03 A GATEWAY TO SOUTH EAST EUROPE 7 10 BOOSTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT – A STRATEGIC 25 04 TIRANA METROPOLITAN AREA - PROPITIOUS 9 LAW BUSINESS LOCATION 11 BUSINESS LICENSING 27 05 NATIONAL INCENTIVES FOR FDI 13 12 REAL ESTATE IN TIRANA 30 06 INTERNATIONAL TRADE 14 13 TIRANA AT A GLANCE 32 International Relations 07 IMPORT AND EXPORT PERMITS 16 Picture credit © Tirana Municipality 1. GENERAL DATA 2. EDUCATED AND PRODUCTIVE LABOR FORCE Tirana, the capital of Albania is a flamboyant city that is flourishing with enormous steps. It has 811 649 inhabitants and an average age of 32. The Literacy rate for adults is 96.85% (INSTAT, 2011) GENERAL DATA The economy of Tirana Metropolitan Area benefits considerably from the concentration of the largest Population 2’886’026 (INSTAT 2016) universities and schools of all levels and types in the country and also numerous research and scientific institutes, including the Academy of Sciences with its 13 institutes and the scientific research centers. Population growth rate -1% Tirana has about 180 educational institutions among which there are: Medicine, Law, Economic GDP 11.46 Billion USD Science, Engineering Science, Social Science. The Literacy rate for Youth is 98.7% (INSTAT, 2011) GDP per Capita 4’541 USD GDP growth rate 3% Tirana currently accommodates up to 100,000 students at levels 5 and 6 (undergraduate and postgraduate), gaining not only a vibrant, young population from all over Albania and neighboring Currency Albanian LEK (ALL) countries, but also a relatively well-educated labor force as many of the students stay Inflation rate 2% afterwards in Tirana.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impacts of Hiv Aids on Families and Communities in Albania
    European Scientific Journal November edition vol. 8, No.26 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 THE IMPACTS OF HIV AIDS ON FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES IN ALBANIA Dr. Xhevdet Zeka Elda Gjergji, PhD Candidate Monika Hodaj, PhD Candidate University of Elbasan “Aleksander Xhuvani” Abstract: Since HIV was first identified in 1983, over 65 million people have been infected, of whom 25 million have died. In the past 20 years HIV/AIDS has become an increasing global phenomenon. In countries hard hit by the pandemic, morbidity and mortality have risen and are expected to continue to rise. The implications of rising morbidity and mortality are not only that HIV/AIDS is changing the demographic structure of the household but also that it is taking a heavy toll on the socio-economic well-being of households and communities. These socio-economic effects are largely borne by individuals, households, and communities with little, if any, support from the technology change community and policy maker. This paper will discuss the ways in which HIV/AIDS could potentially devastate governments, economies, relationships between younger and older population and the other parts of society. It will also identify political and social challenges faced by the global effort fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The study made use of secondary data sources, supplemented by survey of a selected group of Albanians who are engaged in AIDS’ research and relief issues. Findings revealed that AIDS has had a major impact on the relationships between the younger and older populations in the affected areas in Albania. It has considerably increased the caregiving responsibilities and challenges faced by the older population at the time when they are supposed to be receiving care.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Bulletin Economic Bulletin December 2009
    volume 12 volume 12 number 4 number 4 December 2009 Economic Bulletin Economic Bulletin December 2009 E C O N O M I C December B U L L E T I N 2 0 0 9 B a n k o f A l b a n i a PB Bank of Albania Bank of Albania 1 volume 12 volume 12 number 4 number 4 December 2009 Economic Bulletin Economic Bulletin December 2009 If you use data from this publication, you are requested to cite the source. Published by: Bank of Albania, Sheshi “Skënderbej”, Nr.1, Tirana, Albania Tel.: 55-4-222220; 225568; 225569 Fax.: 55-4-222558 E-mail: [email protected] www.bankofalbania.org Printed in: 70 copies Printed by Adel PRINT 2 Bank of Albania Bank of Albania volume 12 volume 12 number 4 number 4 December 2009 Economic Bulletin Economic Bulletin December 2009 content S MONETARY POLICY REPORT FOR THE SECOND HALF OF 2009 7 I. GOVERNOR’S SPEECH 7 II. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WORLD ECONOMY 11 II.1 Economic growth and macroeconomic balances 11 II.2 Monetary Policy, Financial Markets and the Exchange rate 14 II. Oil and commodity price development 15 III. PRICE STABILITY AND BANK OF ALBANIA TARGET 16 III.1 Consumer price, inflation target and monetary policy 17 III.2 Price performance of Main CPI Basket Items 19 III. Main inflation trends 21 IV. MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON INFLATION 22 IV.1 Gross Domestic Product and performance of aggregate demand 2 IV.2 Labour market and wage 49 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • With an English Translation
    THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB, LX,.D. EDITED BY fT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. tW. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. A. POST, M.A. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.r.hist.soc. LIVY XIII BOOKS XLIII—XLV m^( LIYY WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION IN FOURTEEN VOLUMES XIII BOOKS XLIII—XLV TRANSLATED BY ALFRED C. SCHLESINGER, Ph.D. ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OP CLASSICS IN OBERLIN COLLEGE LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLI Printed in Great Britain V.I3 TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE A FULLER report of the text is given in this vohmie than in the immediately preceding volume. The attempt has been made to present all emendations subsequent to the editio pri?iceps ; but a few repeated misspellings of proper names and similarly obvious corrections are not reported. A few of the emenda- tions of the princeps have been included exempli gratia. The apparatus of Giarratano (Titi Livi Ah Urhe Condita Libri XLI-XLF, Rome, 1933) has been constantly consulted, but not always followed. The maps are intended to show the location of all places mentioned in the volume, if the location is known. Kiepert's Atlas Antiquus has been used in preparing these maps ; places not located by Kiepert have a question-mark following the name. Where the name is spelled by Kiepert in a way conspicuously different from the Livy text, the Kiepert spelling will be found in parentheses in the Index. The map of Rome is taken from O. Richter, Topograpkie der Stadt Rom, Miinchen, Beck, 1901 (Iwan MuUer, Handbuch, III, 3), by kind permission of the pub- lishers.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Monitoring Report Final Monitoring Report
    ELECTIONS FOR THE ASSEMBLY OF ALBANIA 25 JUNE 2017 FINAL MONITORING REPORT FINAL MONITORING REPORT uesv zhg e Ve Vë nd i o i r n e io c i l www.zgjedhje.al a ISBN: o K THE COALITION OF DOMESTIC OBSERVERS GRUPIM I 34 ORGANIZATAVE JOFITIMPRURËSE VENDASE, LOKALE APO QENDRORE, QË VEPROJNË NË FUSHËN E DEMOKRACISË DHE TË 9 789992 786833 DREJTAVE TË NJERIUT THE COALITION OF DOMESTIC OBSERVERS ABOUT CDO The Coalition of Domestic Observers is an alliance of non-governmental and non-partisan organizations, the core of activity of which is the development of democracy in Albania and defense for human rights, especially the observation of electoral processes. Since its establishment in 2005, the network of organizations in CDO has grown to include dozens of members. CDO considers the observation of electoral processes by citizen groups as the most appropriate instrument for ensuring transparency, integrity and credibility of elections. CDO strongly believes that engaging citizens in following electoral processes does more than just promote good elections. Empowering citizens to observe the electoral process, among other things, helps to ensure greater accountability of public officials. The leading organizations of CDO - the Society for Democratic Culture, KRIIK Albania and the For Women and Children Association - are three of the most experienced domestic groups. In fulfillment of the philosophy of action, these organizations announce relevant actions depending on the electoral or institutional process to be followed. All interested civil society organizations are invited to join the action, thus CDO re-assesses periodically, openly, and in a transparent manner the best values of network functioning.
    [Show full text]
  • National Myths in Interdependence
    National Myths in Interdependence: The Narratives of the Ancient Past among Macedonians and Albanians in the Republic of Macedonia after 1991 By Matvey Lomonosov Submitted to Central European University Nationalism Studies Program In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts CEU eTD Collection Advisor: Professor Maria Kovács Budapest, Hungary 2012 Abstract The scholarship on national mythology primarily focuses on the construction of historical narratives within separate “nations,” and oftentimes presents the particular national ist elites as single authors and undisputable controllers of mythological versions of the past. However, the authorship and authority of the dominant national ist elites in designing particular narratives of the communal history is limited. The national past, at least in non- totalitarian societies, is widely negotiated, and its interpretation is always heteroglot . The particular narratives that come out of the dominant elites’ “think-tanks” get into a polyphonic discursive milieu discussing the past. Thus they become addressed to alternative narratives, agree with them, deny them or reinterpret them. The existence of those “other” narratives as well as the others’ authorship constitutes a specific factor in shaping mythopoeic activities of dominant political and intellectual national elites. Then, achieving personal or “national” goals by nationalists usually means doing so at the expense or in relations to the others. If in this confrontation the rivals use historical myths, the evolution of the later will depend on mutual responses. Thus national historical myths are constructed in dialogue, contain voices of the others, and have “other” “authors” from within and from without the nation in addition to “own” dominant national ist elite.
    [Show full text]