Albania 2020 Report
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FOR TRAUMA and TORTURE of Honor
Decorated by the President THE ALBANIAN REHABILITATION CENTRE ofRepublic ofAlbania with the FOR TRAUMA AND TORTURE of Honor ALTERNATIVE REPORT To the list of issues (CAT / C ALB / 2 ), dated 15 December 2011 Prepared by the UN Committee against Torture to be considered in connection with the consideration of the second periodic report of ALBANIA AlbanianRehabilitationCentrefor Trauma and Torture(ARCT) April 2012 Contents INTRODUCTORYREMARKS 2 WITHREGARDSTO ARTICLES1 AND4 2 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 2 : 2 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLES 5-9 9 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 10 ...... 10 WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 11: ..... ......... WITH REGARDSTO ARTICLE 14:. 11 OTHERISSUESOFCONCERN: 12 DISABLED PERSONS ...... 12 CHILDREN AND JUVENILES . 12 LEGAL AID SCHEMES 13 RECOMMENDATIONS : 13 ANNEX 1 - CASES IDENTIFIED DURING REGULAR AND AD - HOC VISITS , LETTERS AND MEDIA MONITORING 14 ANNEX 2 - COURT REPRESENTATIONOF A SELECTION OF CASES AS OF 2011:. 26 ANNEX 3 - PREVALENCEOF TORTURE AND ILL TREATMENT IN POLICE, PRE-TRIAL AND DETENTION, RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL SURVEY BASED ON THE ARCT & SCREENING INSTRUMENT 36 1 Introductory remarks Coming from one of the most difficult and atrocious dictatorial regime, Albania is representing a challenge for the political, social and cultural developments of the Balkans, and more widely of the Europe. Since early 90s, significant legal reforms have been made hereby establishing a legal framework in the area of human rights and setting up key institutions, such as the Ombudsman's Office (People's Advocate). However, serious problems from the communist era prevail and Albania is still a society governed by weak state institutions, lack of the Rule ofLaw and widespread corruption; receiving criticisms on the implementation oflaws. -
Bank of Albania
BANK OF ALBANIA 1 OUR NATIONAL CURRENCY IN BRIEF The history of our national currency starts concurrently with the creation of the National Bank of Albania, established on 2 September 1925. The Bank was created upon the signing of the convention between an Italian financial group led by Mario Alberti and the government of Ahmet Zogu. The convention defined that the bank, apart from lending, had the exclusive right to issue legal tender banknotes, gold and other metal coins for payments in Albania. This may be called the first currency issuing national institution, but our history shows that the coins had first been struck since IV century B.C., in the Illyrian cities of Dyrrachium (Durrës) and Apollonia (Pojan near Fier). Albania had a central bank for the first time in 1913, following the agreement of the Government of Ismail Qemali with Karol Pitner and Oskar Pollak, representatives of the Austro-Hungarian banking group Weiner Bank Verein, as well as with Pietro Fenolio and Guido Ansbaher, representatives of the Italian banking group Banca Commerciale Italiana. This institution was short lived, due to the political instability of the time and the beginning of World War I. When the bank was created in 1925, many currencies from different countries were circulating in Albania, thus the National Bank of Albania undertook measures to substitute them with a single Albanian currency. The golden frang, with its subunits (lek and cents, where 1 frang was equal to 5 lek and 100 cent) and its multiples 5, 20 and 100 golden frang was chosen as the currency of Albania. -
Monitoring SPAK and the Special Court: Building At
Rr. “Alqi Boshnjaku” (ish Reshit Collaku) Pallati Bora, Ap.11 TIRANË [email protected] [email protected] COLLECTION OF CASE REPORTS AND UPDATES JULY 2020 – APRIL 2021 PROJECT: “Monitoring SPAK and the Special Court: Building a track record of prosecutions and convictions?”, supported by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, through the MATRA funds. Implemented by: The Center for Legal and Social Studies (LSSC) MAY 2021 Rr. “Alqi Boshnjaku” (ish Reshit Collaku) Pallati Bora, Ap.11 TIRANË [email protected] [email protected] SUMMARY This collection of case reports and updates is produced by the Center for Legal and Social Studies (LSSC), in the framework of the project: “Monitoring SPAK and the Special Court: Building a track record of prosecutions and convictions?”, supported by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, through the MATRA funds. In total there are 40 case reports and/or updates of indictments/ convictions prosecuted by SPAK and adjudicated by the Special Court (First Instance and Court of Appeals). The cases selected are mostly of a high profile, either due to the public officials involved, or because of the important trend they represent in tackling organized crime and corruption. The independent comments provided for each case aim to evaluate, from a qualitative perspective, whether these two new institutions are delivering concrete results, worthy of building a track record against organized crime and corruption. The reports are published periodically and can be found in Albanian and in English at: https://lssc-al.com/activities/?lang=en Rr. “Alqi Boshnjaku” (ish Reshit Collaku) Pallati Bora, Ap.11 TIRANË [email protected] [email protected] ROLLING TRACK RECORD REPORT July 2020 Prepared and published by: Legal and Social Studies Center, 01 August 2020. -
Judicial Corruption in Eastern Europe: an Examination of Causal Mechanisms in Albania and Romania Claire M
James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current Honors College Spring 2017 Judicial corruption in Eastern Europe: An examination of causal mechanisms in Albania and Romania Claire M. Swinko James Madison University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/honors201019 Part of the International Relations Commons Recommended Citation Swinko, Claire M., "Judicial corruption in Eastern Europe: An examination of causal mechanisms in Albania and Romania" (2017). Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current. 334. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/honors201019/334 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects, 2010-current by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Judicial Corruption in Eastern Europe: An Examination of Causal Mechanisms in Albania and Romania _______________________ An Honors Program Project Presented to the Faculty of the Undergraduate College of Arts and Letters James Madison University _______________________ by Claire Swinko May 2017 Accepted by the faculty of the Department of Political Science, James Madison University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Honors Program. FACULTY COMMITTEE: HONORS PROGRAM APPROVAL: Project Advisor: John Hulsey, Ph.D., Bradley R. Newcomer, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Political Science Director, Honors Program Reader: John Scherpereel, Ph.D., Professor, Political Science Reader: Charles Blake, Ph. D., Professor, Political Science Dedication For my dad, who supports and inspires me everyday. You taught me to shoot for the stars, and I would not be half the person I am today with out you. -
Mortality Transition in Albania: 1950-1990
Mortality Transition in Albania, 1950-1990 Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London Arjan Gjonga University of London London School of Economics and Political Science 1998 UMI Number: U615819 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615819 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 7 ( 0 5 1 U- ABSTRACT Albania was noteworthy, not just for the isolationist policy of its government, or its domestic rigid policies applied to Europe’s poorest country, but because of its high life expectancy at birth. At the end of the eighties, life expectancy at birth passed the boundary of seventy, although the country’s GDP per capita was $ 2500 in 1990, the lowest in Europe (Madison 1995).This puzzled scholars, who either doubted the success of Albania, or because of the lack of firm information, speculated with different explanations (Watson, 1995). This research was initiated by this controversy in trying to first, estimate the scale of Albania’s success in improving life expectancy and document the mortality transition in Albania during the period 1950-1990. -
Albania Andorra Austria Belgium Cyprus Denmark Estonia
An asylum-seeker and her child receive medical assistance at a Fedasil asylum centre in Belgium. Albania Andorra Austria Belgium Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Holy See Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway Portugal San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 324 UNHCRGlobalReport2011 Northern, Western and Southern Europe OPERATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS l UNHCR worked closely with European Governments to UNHCR stepped up efforts to support capacity-building, ensure that persons fleeing events in North Africa and solidarity and responsibility-sharing among States in the seeking protection had access to asylum procedures, region. This included the relocation within the EU of 230 particularly in Italy and Malta, where many of those refugees from Malta in 2011 as part of the EUREMA I rescued at sea in the Mediterranean disembarked. In project. addition to those received within European State borders, l UNHCR continued to help strengthen the quality of resettlement places for some 1,370 refugees in North national asylum systems. The conclusions of the Further Africa were identified in 10 European countries. Developing Quality project, which was funded by the l Greece received strong support from UNHCR in its bid to European Union (EU) and involved 12 EU Member States, reform its asylum system. The task was challenging in were presented to Governments and others at a light of the economic crisis in the country. With conference in Brussels in September. UNHCR also important court decisions pointing to the vulnerability of completed a project to improve the quality of the asylum asylum-seekers, notably under the Dublin regulations, system in Sweden. -
Nikolli Idrizi Kabashi Papathimiu
International Conference SDI 2010 – Skopje; 15-17.09.2010 MULTIPURPOSE LAND INFORMATION SYSTEMS - AN ALBANIAN PERSPECTIVE Pal NIKOLLI 1, Bashkim IDRIZI 2, Ismail KABASHI 3, Sonila PAPATHIMIU 4 ABSTRACT The need for more, better, and integrated land information and the availability of technology to meet this need, have set the stage for the development of Multipurpose Land Information Systems (MPLIS). In the paper we note that the cadastral maps being produced in Albania would be part of the graphic material of an MPLIS and the property register information (such as registry books, tapi, etc) would be included as part of the attribute record in text form. The MPLIS is a relatively complex system, but it covers many needs of both government and the private sector. We recognize the current need to focus on cadastre as part of Land Market Action Plan. The Government of Albania has begun planning for the future as the needs for an MPLIS are increasing and the free trade economy is making such a system economically feasible. Therefore, we suggest the development of an MPLIS for Albania. Key word : Albania, Land Information Systems, Multipurpose Land Information Systems, cadastre, cadastre maps, reference frameworks. 1. INTRODUCTION Vital components for human life are land, access to land and managing the land. The land is fundamental for humankind because it carries all things on it such as; roads, buildings, animals, the air above, the water and the minerals within its surface. The land means to many people the space for their activities and the different forms of holding and managing its resources. -
The Budapest Carnivals
THE BUDAPEST CARNIVALS HX 632 Al W9 uojyt-7^0 TIRANA, I960 &.x m m THE BUDAPEST CAR NIVA LS THE «NAIM FRASHERI» PUBLISHING HOUSE TIRANA. 1968 LIBRARY ^ UNivtKsnrUNIVERSITY ui-OF ALBERTA3 THE COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARY BUDAPEST MEETING — A NEW TREACHEROUS STEP OF THE KHRUSHCHOVITE REVISIONISTS The revisionist leaders of Europe and of some other parties which mainly depend on them, will meet on February 26 in Budapest around the Khrushchovite leaders of the Soviet Union to discuss the ^preliminary arrangements for the new world communist forum*. In a previous article we have explained in detail the counter-revolutionary aims of this meeting and its purposes to oppose the re¬ volutionary and anti-imperialist struggle of the people. Today we shall dwell only on some aspects of the confused, contradictory and desperate at¬ mosphere, characterizing the revisionist pack on the threshold of a meeting for which the Soviet revisionists have not spared either big propaganda words or numerous material means. The Brezhnev-Kosygin clique has for several years tried through flattery, pressure, fraud and threats, to organize a big revisionist parade that would acclaim its line and recognize it as a supreme guide of the international communist movement*. It has pinned great hopes on this meeting which it has regarded as the promised land. In the first place, 3 being under the constant pressure of the people’s masses and upright communists, because of the incompatibility with its treacherous course of res¬ toration of capitalism at home and of collaboration with imperialism abroad, the revisionist leadership of the Soviet Union is seeking to deceive the Soviet people by telling them that its line cannot but be «Marxist-Leninist», since it has been ap¬ proved also at a large communist meeting which was attended by so many parties. -
Policing in Federal States
NEPAL STEPSTONES PROJECTS Policing in Federal States Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler (Eds.) Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) www.dcaf.ch The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces is one of the world’s leading institutions in the areas of security sector reform (SSR) and security sector governance (SSG). DCAF provides in-country advisory support and practical assis- tance programmes, develops and promotes appropriate democratic norms at the international and national levels, advocates good practices and makes policy recommendations to ensure effective democratic governance of the security sector. DCAF’s partners include governments, parliaments, civil society, international organisations and the range of security sector actors such as police, judiciary, intelligence agencies, border security ser- vices and the military. 2011 Policing in Federal States Edited by Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler Geneva, 2011 Philipp Fluri and Marlene Urscheler, eds., Policing in Federal States, Nepal Stepstones Projects Series # 2 (Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011). Nepal Stepstones Projects Series no. 2 © Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2011 Executive publisher: Procon Ltd., <www.procon.bg> Cover design: Angel Nedelchev ISBN 978-92-9222-149-2 PREFACE In this book we will be looking at specimens of federative police or- ganisations. As can be expected, the federative organisation of such states as Germany, Switzerland, the USA, India and Russia will be reflected in their police organisation, though the extremely decentralised approach of Switzerland with hardly any central man- agement structures can hardly serve as a paradigm of ‘the’ federal police organisation. -
PC Needs Assessment Albania First Draft
Palliative Care Needs Assessment for Albania Stephen R Connor, PhD OSI International Palliative Care Consultant Washington DC Kristo Huta, MD President, National Association for Palliative Care Durres, Albania FUNDED BY THE OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE Public Health Program International Palliative Care Initiative – New York for Albanian Ministry of Health Palliative Care Task Force DRAFT 1 DRAFT 1 Table of Contents Albanian Ministry of Health – Palliative Care Task Force ......................................................4 Acknowledgements..............................................................................................................................4 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................5 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................9 Aims of this Needs Assessment...................................................................................................................9 Target Audience...............................................................................................................................................................9 Methods ...............................................................................................................................................................................9 Definition of Palliative Care.........................................................................................................................................................9 -
Response of the Albanian Government
CPT/Inf (2006) 25 Response of the Albanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to Albania from 23 May to 3 June 2005 The Albanian Government has requested the publication of this response. The report of the CPT on its May/June 2005 visit to Albania is set out in document CPT/Inf (2006) 24. Strasbourg, 12 July 2006 Response of the Albanian Government to the report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to Albania from 23 May to 3 June 2005 - 5 - REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS Legal Representative Office No.______ Tirana, on 20.03.2006 Subject: The Albanian Authority’s Responses on the Report of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and other Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (CPT) The Committee for the Prevention of Torture and other Inhuman or Degrading Treatment (CPT) Mrs. Silvia CASALE - President Council of Europe - Strasbourg Dear Madam, Referring to your letter date 21 December 2005 in the report of 2005 of CPT for Albania, we inform that our state authorities are thoroughly engaged to realize the demands and recommendations made by the CPT and express their readiness to cooperate for the implementation and to take the concrete measures for the resolution of the evidenced problems in this report. Responding to your request for information as regards to the implementation of the submitted recommendations provided in the paragraphs 68, 70, 98, 131, 156 of the report within three months deadline, we inform that we have taken a response form the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Health meanwhile the Ministry of interior will give a response as soon as possible. -
The Relationship of the Prosecution with the Police and Investigative Responsibility
107THREPORTS INTERNATIONAL OF THE TRAINING COURSE COURSE REPORTS OF THE COURSE GROUP 1 THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PROSECUTION WITH THE POLICE AND INVESTIGATIVE RESPONSIBILITY Chairperson Mr. Zafar Ahmad Farooqi (Pakistan) Co-Chairperson Mr. Takahiro Saito (Japan) Rapporteurs Mr. Winfred Ansah-Akrofi (Ghana) Mr. Ersyiwo Zaimaru (Indonesia) Mr. Alex Mwachishi Chilufya (Zambia) Members Mr. Guan Fujin (China) Ms. Mariko Suzuki (Japan) Mr. Toshiaki Takahashi (Japan) Mr. Hiroyasu Ito (Japan) Mr. Lee, Yong-Hoon (Republic of Korea) Adviser Deputy Director Masahiro Tauchi (UNAFEI) I. INTRODUCTION II. USE OF TERMS This special report is the product of an For purposes of this report, the following intense group workshop called upon to terms shall be construed as hereunder: examine and discuss the relationship “PROSECUTOR”: Any person appointed between investigation and prosecution as or designated under the law as a public it pertains to the nineteen countries prosecutor or one who acts as such on represented on the course. To realize this behalf of the state and whose powers and objective, it was necessary in each case to functions include, inter alia, the following: look at the police; to what extent, if at all, (a)the power of control over the prosecutors get involved in investigations; presentation of a case before court; the practical problems faced by and investigators, police and prosecutors alike; (b)the power of control over the the role played by public prosecutors in continuance or discontinuance of overcoming the drawbacks and problems prosecution. faced by investigators; and, recommending possible avenues of circumventing existing “POLICE”: Any organization with and perceived hurdles in the way of personnel appointed under the law and qualitative and effective investigation and exercising the power and function of a law prosecution of crime and its offenders.