Service in the United States Military 1909 William Q. Reno, Sr. Army
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The Vietnam War an Australian Perspective
THE VIETNAM WAR AN AUSTRALIAN PERSPECTIVE [Compiled from records and historical articles by R Freshfield] Introduction What is referred to as the Vietnam War began for the US in the early 1950s when it deployed military advisors to support South Vietnam forces. Australian advisors joined the war in 1962. South Korea, New Zealand, The Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand also sent troops. The war ended for Australian forces on 11 January 1973, in a proclamation by Governor General Sir Paul Hasluck. 12 days before the Paris Peace Accord was signed, although it was another 2 years later in May 1975, that North Vietnam troops overran Saigon, (Now Ho Chi Minh City), and declared victory. But this was only the most recent chapter of an era spanning many decades, indeed centuries, of conflict in the region now known as Vietnam. This story begins during the Second World War when the Japanese invaded Vietnam, then a colony of France. 1. French Indochina – Vietnam Prior to WW2, Vietnam was part of the colony of French Indochina that included Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Vietnam was divided into the 3 governances of Tonkin, Annam, and Cochinchina. (See Map1). In 1940, the Japanese military invaded Vietnam and took control from the Vichy-French government stationing some 30,000 troops securing ports and airfields. Vietnam became one of the main staging areas for Japanese military operations in South East Asia for the next five years. During WW2 a movement for a national liberation of Vietnam from both the French and the Japanese developed in amongst Vietnamese exiles in southern China. -
The German Army, Vimy Ridge and the Elastic Defence in Depth in 1917
Journal of Military and Strategic VOLUME 18, ISSUE 2 Studies “Lessons learned” in WWI: The German Army, Vimy Ridge and the Elastic Defence in Depth in 1917 Christian Stachelbeck The Battle of Arras in the spring of 1917 marked the beginning of the major allied offensives on the western front. The attack by the British 1st Army (Horne) and 3rd Army (Allenby) was intended to divert attention from the French main offensive under General Robert Nivelle at the Chemin des Dames (Nivelle Offensive). 1 The French commander-in-chief wanted to force the decisive breakthrough in the west. Between 9 and 12 April, the British had succeeded in penetrating the front across a width of 18 kilometres and advancing around six kilometres, while the Canadian corps (Byng), deployed for the first time in closed formation, seized the ridge near Vimy, which had been fiercely contested since late 1914.2 The success was paid for with the bloody loss of 1 On the German side, the battles at Arras between 2 April and 20 May 1917 were officially referred to as Schlacht bei Arras (Battle of Arras). In Canada, the term Battle of Vimy Ridge is commonly used for the initial phase of the battle. The seizure of Vimy ridge was a central objective of the offensive and was intended to secure the protection of the northern flank of the 3rd Army. 2 For detailed information on this, see: Jack Sheldon, The German Army on Vimy Ridge 1914-1917 (Barnsley: Pen&Sword Military, 2008), p. 8. Sheldon's book, however, is basically a largely indiscriminate succession of extensive quotes from regimental histories, diaries and force files from the Bavarian War Archive (Kriegsarchiv) in Munich. -
The Forgotten Fronts the First World War Battlefield Guide: World War Battlefield First the the Forgotten Fronts Forgotten The
Ed 1 Nov 2016 1 Nov Ed The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 2 The Forgotten Fronts The First Battlefield War World Guide: The Forgotten Fronts Creative Media Design ADR005472 Edition 1 November 2016 THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS | i The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 2 The British Army Campaign Guide to the Forgotten Fronts of the First World War 1st Edition November 2016 Acknowledgement The publisher wishes to acknowledge the assistance of the following organisations in providing text, images, multimedia links and sketch maps for this volume: Defence Geographic Centre, Imperial War Museum, Army Historical Branch, Air Historical Branch, Army Records Society,National Portrait Gallery, Tank Museum, National Army Museum, Royal Green Jackets Museum,Shepard Trust, Royal Australian Navy, Australian Defence, Royal Artillery Historical Trust, National Archive, Canadian War Museum, National Archives of Canada, The Times, RAF Museum, Wikimedia Commons, USAF, US Library of Congress. The Cover Images Front Cover: (1) Wounded soldier of the 10th Battalion, Black Watch being carried out of a communication trench on the ‘Birdcage’ Line near Salonika, February 1916 © IWM; (2) The advance through Palestine and the Battle of Megiddo: A sergeant directs orders whilst standing on one of the wooden saddles of the Camel Transport Corps © IWM (3) Soldiers of the Royal Army Service Corps outside a Field Ambulance Station. © IWM Inside Front Cover: Helles Memorial, Gallipoli © Barbara Taylor Back Cover: ‘Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red’ at the Tower of London © Julia Gavin ii | THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS THE FORGOTTEN FRONTS | iii ISBN: 978-1-874346-46-3 First published in November 2016 by Creative Media Designs, Army Headquarters, Andover. -
The Final Campaigns: Bougainville 1944-1945
University of Wollongong Thesis Collections University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Year The final campaigns: Bougainville 1944-1945 Karl James University of Wollongong James, Karl, The final campaigns: Bougainville 1944-1945, PhD thesis, School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, 2005. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/467 This paper is posted at Research Online. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/467 The Final Campaigns: Bougainville 1944-1945 A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree Doctor of Philosophy from University of Wollongong by Karl James, BA (Hons) School of History and Politics 2005 i CERTIFICATION I, Karl James, declare that this thesis, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the School of History and Politics, University of Wollongong, is wholly my work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Karl James 20 July 2005 ii Table of Contents Maps, List of Illustrations iv Abbreviations vi Conversion viii Abstract ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 1 ‘We have got to play our part in it’. Australia’s land war until 1944. 15 2 ‘History written is history preserved’. History’s treatment of the Final Campaigns. 30 3 ‘Once the soldier had gone to war he looked for leadership’. The men of the II Australian Corps. 51 4 ‘Away to the north of Queensland, On the tropic shores of hell, Stand grimfaced men who watch and wait, For a future none can tell’. The campaign takes shape: Torokina and the Outer Islands. -
Operation Overlord James Clinton Emmert Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2002 Operation overlord James Clinton Emmert Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Emmert, James Clinton, "Operation overlord" (2002). LSU Master's Theses. 619. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/619 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OPERATION OVERLORD A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Arts in The Interdepartmental Program in Liberal Arts by James Clinton Emmert B.A., Louisiana State University, 1996 May 2002 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the support of numerous persons. First, I would never have been able to finish if I had not had the help and support of my wife, Esther, who not only encouraged me and proofed my work, but also took care of our newborn twins alone while I wrote. In addition, I would like to thank Dr. Stanley Hilton, who spent time helping me refine my thoughts about the invasion and whose editing skills helped give life to this paper. Finally, I would like to thank the faculty of Louisiana State University for their guidance and the knowledge that they shared with me. -
1St Army Links up with Reds. Berlin Fight Still Rages
1st Army Links Up With Reds In these U.S. Signal Corp., photos, first to reach London. the dramatic, historic juncture of U.S. and Soviet troops is shown. Left, Russian and 1st Army re- COMRADES IN ARMS •• presentatives. carrying their respective country's flags, advance together following their link-up. Maj. Gen. E. F. Reinhardt, CC of the 69th Division (arrow) chats with the Russian commander. Right, tilt. William D. Robertson. of Los Angeles. the first American officially to greet Soviet troops. embraces 1.1. Alexander Sylvashko. New York London Edition Pari8 Historic Juncture THE STAR5 ITRI At Torgau; Berlin Daily Newspaper of U.S. Armed Force49yVY in the European Theater of Operations Vol. 5 No. 150—Id. 44 SATURDAY. APRIL 28, 1945 Fight Still Rages .Just Like Us 3rd Captures The long-awaited link-up between American and Soviet forces, which oveurred in the area of Torgau. 30 miles northeast Regensburg itetiS Are Screwballs. Too of Leipzig on the Elbe River, and revered the heart of Germany, . •-jiyaumigiuta"-- HS A steriaanaettrinee grin. •-•.ee—easariama vene ti a ktit sc4),„_am K INTEPT- r1rirtTrrnrgl" s rnu Artemis y hi ashingion. London anti" pro- 01.--Efit(4.s Au-stria ARMY, Apr. 26 trIciayedt— There was a claimed to the world in speeial messages by President Tromum, mad scene of jubilant celebration on the Driving into Hitler's national redoubt cast and west banks of the Elbe at Prime Minister Churchill and Marshal Stalin. on a wide front, American troops have Torgau today as infanitymen of Gen. Austria, captured Regensburg The communique said that -firm contact., tt 71a• entered Courtney H. -
Aggressor Order of Battle
.il* VJ DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL AGGRESSOR ORDER OF BATTLE i or*' DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY ■ JUNE 1955 < FOREWORD The country, peoples, forces, or individuals described herein are fictitious. Any resemblance to existing countries, forces, or indi-., viduals is inadvertent and coincidental. *FM 30-103 FIELD MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 30-103 WASHINGTON 25, D. C., 23 June 1955 AGGRESSOR ORDER OF BATTLE Paragraphs Page PART ONE. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1,2 3 2. GENERAL — 3-6 5 PART TWO. IDENTIFIED GROUND ORGANIZATIONS CHAPTER 3. MAJOR GROUND UNITS Section I. Army Groups - 7-11 12 II. Armies 12-28 14 III. Corps 29-69 20 IV. Rifle Divisions 70-129 35 V. Mountain Divisions 130-134 69 VI. Airborne Divisions 135-141 72 VII. Mechanized Divisions 142-163 78 VIII. Tank Divisions 164-171 90 IX. Cavalry Divisions 172-176 95 X. Artillery Divisions 177-192 98 XI. Antiaircraft Divisions 193-206 108 CHAPTER 4. GROUND UNITS, DIVISIONAL Section I. Rifle Units 207-214 114 II. Airborne Units 215-230 117 III. Armored and Cavalry Units 231-240 120 IV. Field Artillery Units 241-257 123 V. Antiaircraft and Antitank Units 258-269 126 VI. Mortar and Rocket Units 270-281 129 VII. Engineer Units 282-287 131 VIII. Signal Units 288-292 133 IX. Service Units 293-804 134 CHAPTER 5. GROUND UNITS, NONDIVISIONAL (GHQ) Section I. Rifle Units 305-312 136 II. Armored and Cavalry Units 313-317 187 III. Field Artillery Units 318-330 138 IV. Antiaircraft and Antitank Units 331-337 141 V. -
THE BATTLE of the SAMBRE 4 NOVEMBER 1918 By
THE BATTLE OF THE SAMBRE 4 NOVEMBER 1918 by JOHN DEREK CLAYTON 669689 A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY College of Arts & Law Department of History University of Birmingham September 2015 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Acknowledgements The completion of a PhD thesis can be at times a solitary occupation: the completion of this one would never have been possible, however, without help from a number of sources on the way. My thanks go particularly to my supervisor, Dr John Bourne, for his direction, support, encouragement and unfailingly wise counsel. I would also thank Professor Peter Simkins who supervised my MA dissertation and then suggested the Battle of the Sambre as a subject ripe for further study. He then kindly supplied data on the performance of divisions in the Hundred Days and permitted me to use it in this work. Thanks must also go to the staffs of the National Archive, the Imperial War Museum and the Bundesarchiv – Militärarchiv in Freiburg. Fellow PhD students have been a constant source of friendship and encouragement: my grateful thanks to Geoff Clarke, who allowed me to use some of his doctoral research on logistics, and to Trevor Harvey, Peter Hodgkinson, Alison Hine and Michael LoCicero. -
Service in the United States Military 1909 William Q. Reno, Sr. Army
MEN FOR OTHERS Service in the United States Military 1909 William Q. Reno, Sr. Army Lieutenant Veteran World War I 1923 Neal E. Fitzgerald Lieutenant Veteran World War II 1925 Charles C. Creedon Veteran World War II 1928 Paul J. Schafer Army Retired World War II Somewhere in 1929 Adam B. Kronk Army Lieutenant Veteran France "suffered injuries to his legs" 1929 Joseph A. Mendryga KIA World War II Killed in action World War II Battalion Surgeon 1931 Stephen M. Gillespie Army Major Veteran with the 1st Army on the Wetern Front; Bronze Star World War II Participated in D- Day with the 18th Infantry 1931 William M. Moynihan Army Major Veteran Regiment of the 1st Infantry Division 1932 James G. Andary Veteran World War II 1932 Raymond M. Andries Veteran World War II Updated: May 23, 2019 Page 1 of 118 MEN FOR OTHERS Service in the United States Military 1932 Elmer J. Barton Veteran World War II 1932 James C. Berg Veteran World War II World War II Dental Corps; Served in European Theater " … 1932 Robert E. Coleman Army Captain Veteran from the Beaches of Normandy to ... Bremen, as my four battle stars will attest." 1932 Albert B. Gregory Veteran World War II 1932 William Janecek Army Veteran World War II Dental Corps Lieutenant 1932 William R. Mulleavy Veteran World War II Colonel 1932 Casimir J. Rozak Veteran World War II 1932 Ralph S. Sharkey Army Veteran World War II 1932 Francis L. Sward Veteran World War II World War II Decorated Naval 1932 Dawson Taylor Navy Veteran Officer "radar school before he went to sea." Updated: May 23, 2019 Page 2 of 118 MEN FOR OTHERS Service in the United States Military 1932 William W. -
CHAPTER XXI Two Days After the Capture of Montbrehain British
CHAPTER XXI THE WAR ENDS Two days after the capture of Montbrehain British soldiers in France buying the Paris edition of the Daily Mail learnt that the German Government had asked for an armistice. Actually this had been asked for on the night of October 3rd as a result of the urgent anxieties set up by Foch’s combined offensive in the mind of Ludendorff, to whose reactions this narrative must now turn. It has been stated here that the Franco-American offensive on July 18th was the turning point of the war. Ludendorff could, or would, not see it; he still hoped to “discover a strategical remedy.” While he was engaged in this gambler’s speculation “the blow of the 8th of August fell on me.”l Nearly every German regimental history repeats his dictum : “August 8th was the black day of the German army in the history of this war.” Actually it was the day whose events convinced him that Germany was beaten. After admitting that “the morale of the German army was no longer what it had been,” and blaming part of the troops-but not the policy that for five months had set them at tasks beyond their strength-Ludendorff himself says : The 8th of August put the decline of that fighting power beyond all doubt, and in such a condition as regards reserves I had no hope of finding a strategic expedient whereby to turn the situation to our advantage. He decided that “the war must be ended,” and arranged the famous conferences with the Chancellor (von Hertling) and Foreign Minister (von Hintze) and the Kaiser, at Spa on August 13th and 14th.~It was agreed that peace negotiations must be initiated ; but the generalsespecially Hindenburg- could not bring themselves to paint the military situation in colours that would force immediate action, and the statesmen lThe quotations are from My War Memories, p. -
The Battle of the Marne in Memoriam N
THE BATTLE OF THE MARNE IN MEMORIAM N. F. P. + E. L. P. fhetmnfi Douat# POSITIONS firms'* Bonchx t& ARMIES Doultzris Camb onifk'&xtf die. Battle*- mndt&c «<rvtml vtrtMtiv GB*man Armies. I-Von Kliick. H-Von Biilow. HI-Von Hansen. IV-Duke of Wurtemberg. V~ Imperial Crown Prince. VPC. Princa of Bavaria. (& troops from Metz) VTT Vbn Heeringen French & BritL-sh Annies: 6-Maimoupy-.. B.E.E British. 5-F.d'Espcrey-.. 9-Foch 4-DeLanole deCary. 3-SarraiL 2-DeCa5*elnau.. f-DubaiL... vr eLcLpgae-rmms Plia.lsboLWgr '8 0 Save l]Jt::£lainon ,MI DONON _ ST!/ ? — SchMtskadt*tstao 51.Marie 'jVisLri^A'ay --.uns'ter V. THE BATTLE OF THE MARNE BY GEORGE HERBERT PERRIS SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT OF "THE DAILY CHRONICLE" WITH THE FRENCH ARMIES, 1914-18 WITH TWELVE MAPS JOHN W. LUCE & CO. BOSTON MCMXX PREFACE HE great war has entered into history. The restraints, direct and indirect, which it imposed being gone with it, we return to sounder tests of what should be public knowledge—uncomfortable truths may be told, secret places explored. At the same time, the first squall of controversy in France over the opening of the land campaign in the West has subsided; this lull is the student's opportunity. No complete history of the events culminating in the victory of the Marne is yet possible, or soon to be expected. On the German side, evidence is scanty and of low value ; on that of the Allies, there is yet a preliminary work of sifting and measuring to undertake ere definitive judgments can be set down. -
1St Army Opens New Drive Below Hurtgen; Pre-Hitler Border in Saar
Man Spricht Deutsch Id On Parle Franqais Vendez-vous des souvenirs? Haende hinter den Kopf. THE VonDAY voo day soovNEEB? Henda hinter den Kopff. Do you sell souvenirs? Hands behind the head. 9afljr Newspaper of U.S. Armed forces ^•jgCS*tKe European Theater of Operations Vol. 1—No. 140 1W& New York — PARIS—London lFr. Thursday, Dec. 14, 1944 ASF, AAF Jap Fought in Florida —//is CO Told Him So 1st Army Opens New Drive WITH 41s« INF. DIV., South- ToTransfer west Pacific, Dec. 13 (AP).—A security patrol combing an island in the Southwest Pacific for Below Hurtgen; Pre-Hitler 65,000 Men enemy stragglers recently cap- tured a Japanese soldier who thought he was in Florida. WASHINGTON, Dec. 13 During the questioning the (ANS).—Lt. Gen. Ben Lear, prisoner was quite emphatic— Border in Saar Is Pierced he knew he was in Florida be- chief of Army Ground Forces, cause his commanding officer said today that a radical had told him so. He said he change in the mission of the didn't like the place and thought Armor to Artillerv to Air Force Last Metz Bastion AGF is resulting in the trans- it wasn't worth much. fer of 65,000 soldiers from Captured After the air and service forces, Nagoya, Tokyo 3-Week Siege with the possibility that more will be shifted. In addition, the change means Bombed; Leyte Three American Armies that whole units are being switched smashed ahead yesterday from assignments no longer ne- Convoy Cut Up along a 250-mile battle arc cessary to fighting duties.