REDISCOVERY OF THE ELEMENTS — MUSEUMS OF INTEREST

Most of these museums are included in the other two tables, but are grouped here for convenience of reference. They are organized by country. Under each country, the museums are ranked roughly in descending order of merit and usefulness to understanding of the history of elemental discoveries — but it must be understood that this ranking is done subjectively by the authors and that all museums are considered to be of high interest and usefulness.

Museum Description Location Lats/ [element] longs AUSTRIA Welsbach Museum Elaborate and impressive exhibits Burgstraße 8, Althofen, Kärnten, Austria N46-52.52 concerning of Welsbach history and rare E14-28.43 earth chemistry; invention of rare earth elements and strikers (cigarette lighters). [Pr, Nd, Lu] Stadtmuseum History of Paracelsus as a youth; history Widmanngasse 38, Villach, Austria N46-36.78 of lead mining in area. [Pb] E13-50.67

BRAZIL Museu do Ouro Original royal foundry, site of Rua de Intendência, Sabarà, Minas Gerais, S19-53.32 palladium-containing gold. [Pd] Brazil W43-48.42

CANADA Rutherford Museum Elaborate and complete displays on Ernest Rutherford Bldg. (physics), 3600 rue N45-30.41 Rutherford's equipment and discoveries University, McGill U, Montréal, Canada W73-34.72 at McGill University. [Rn]

CZECH REPUBLIC Jáchymov Museum Exhibits on history of St. Joachimsthal Old mint,/museum (Mincovna/Muzeum), Old Mint: and City Hall (Jáchymov). [Ra, Po] corner of Mincovni and Berzru‡ûv vrch; N50-22.29 and E12-54.78 City Hall (Rathaus), Central Information (Informa ní Centrum), námstie Republicky Rathaus: 1,, St. Joachimsthal (now Jáchymov), Czech N50-22.29 Republic (Bohemia) [both next door to each E12-54.82 other]

DENMARK Geological Museum Original specimens of cryolite and Oster Voldgade 5-7, Copenhagen, Denmark N55-41.24 hafnium-bearing minerals. [Al, Hf] E12-34.64 Bymuseum History of Copenhagen; sample of (City Museum), Vesterbrogade 59, N55-40.33 hafnium. [Hf] Copenhagen, Denmark E12-33.20

ENGLAND Royal Institution Rich exhibits on Davy, Faraday, 21 Albemarle Street, London, England N51-30.58 Crookes, Cavendish, and others. [H, Na, W00-08.58 K, Sr, Ca, Ba, Li, B] Science Museum Formerly held rich displays on history Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, N51-29.86 of famous British scientists, notably England W00-10.44 Ramsay and Crookes; most of the holdings are now in storage as the museum has disappointingly converted to trendy exhibits. [Th, inert gases] Museum of Science Nice displays on Dalton; chemicals and Liverpool Rd. (and Lower Byrom St.), N53-28.63 and Industry apparatus of Dalton and Roscoe are in Manchester, England W02-15.25 storage. [V] Plans are to import displays of Rutherford from storage at the University of Manchester (as of 2010). Bowood House Room devoted to Priestley and his Calne, England N51-25.70 discovery of oxygen (actual discovery W02-02.25 site) [O] Ashmolean Science Exhibit on Moseley. [atomic numbers] Broad St., Oxford, England N51-45.26 Museum W01-15.33 Museum of Natural Exhibits of columbite from Connecticut; Cromwell Rd., London, England N51-29.74 History (original specimen of Hatchett's W00-10.54 columbite in storage). [Nb] Bourne Hall Small rural museum on history of Spring St., Ewell, England N51-21.01 Epsom. [Mg] W00-15.12

FRANCE Musée des arts et Extensive exhibit on Lavoisier with 60, rue Réaumur (corner of Réaumur and N48-51.94 métiers impressive replicas of his sophisticiated Vaucanson); Paris, France E02-21.34 instrumentation and laboratory equipment. [general] Musée Moissan Moissan's apparatus, laboratories and Faculté de pharmacie; 4, Avenue de N48-50.58 life. [F] l’Observatoire; Paris; France E02-20.18 Musée Curie Exhibits on Curie history including Curie Institute; 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, N48-50.66 instrumentation used in their Paris, France E02-20.67 discoveries; former laboratory of Marie Curie. [Ra, Po] Library collection at Impressive display of aluminum 24, rue Lhomond; Paris, France N48-50.57 École Normale samples of Deville; thallium samples of E02-20.82 Superieure Physique Lamy; paintings and other memorabilia of the Sorbonne and Urbain [Al, Th, Lu] Musée de pharmacie Pharmaceutical museum including École de pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles N43-37.39 exhibit on Balard. [Br] Flahault, Montpellier, France E03-51.74 Musée de Exhibits on Haüy and Vauquelin, École des mines, 60 Boulevard Saint-Michel, N48-50.73 Minéralogie history of the École des mines, and Paris, France E02-20.39 mineralogical specimens. [Cr, Be]

GERMANY Deutsches Museum Broad and impressive variety of Museuminsel, München, Bayern, Germany N48-07.82 exhibits, busts of famous scientists, E11-34.97 historical laboratory replicas of alchemists, Lavoisier, and Liebig; chemical historical specimens; the Chemistry Hall is spectacular. Museum für Very impressive mineralogical exhibits, Invalidenstraße 43, Berlin, Germany N52-31.79 Naturkunde including original vanadinite from E13-22.78 Mexico (brought to Europe by Humboldt), and original specimens of Klaproth and Rose; full description of Klaproth's contribution. [Zr, U, Ti, Te, Sr, Cr, Be, Ce, Nb, V] Hörsaal Zentrum Large hallway complete with exhibits of University of Heidelberg, Tomstrasse, Im N49-25.11 Chemie mainly spectroscopic contributions of Neuenheimer Feld 252 E08-40.38 Bunsen and Kirchhoff, original spectroscopic equipment and chemical preparations [Rb, Cs] Schloss Museum Large room totally devogted to “Georgius-Agricola-Memorial,” Schloss N50-48.99 extensive exhibit on the life of Agricola. Hinterglauchau, Schloßplatz, Glauchau, E12-32.38 [Bi, Sb] Sachsen, Germany Werner Museum Extensive exhibit on mineralogy and Brennhausgasse 14, Technisches Universität N50-55.25 some displays of the work of historic Bergakademie, Freiberg, Sachsen, Germany E13-20.60 researchers at Freiberg including Winkler and Reich/Richter. [Ge, In] Winkler Museum Winkler's original laboratory converted Brennhausgasse 14, Freiberg, Sachsen, N50-55.23 into a interesting museum describing his Germany E13-20.54 scientific contributions. [Ge] Märkisches Museum Historic Berlin, including a large (room- Am Kallnischen Park 5, Berlin, Germany N52-30.84 size) wooden scale-model of Berlin E13-24.88 dating from 1750 (age of Klaproth and Marggraf). Gradierbau. Exhibit on history of mineral baths at Kurpark, Bad Dürkheim, Germany N49-27.87 Bad Dürkheim (furnished waters which E08-10.49 Bunsen and Kirchhoff investigated). [Rb, Cs] Freiberg Museum History of Freiberg Mining Institute. Nonnengasse 22, Freiberg, Sachsen, N50-55.10 Germany E13-20.44 Chemistry museum Rich university museum holding George-August-Universität, Inorganic N51-33.49 exhibits on Stromeyer and Wöhler [Al, Chemistry, 4 Tammannstraße, Göttingen, E09-56.90 Cd, Si] Niedersachsen, Germany Johanngeorgenstadt Displays on mining and Klaproth and Am Pferdegöpel 1, Johanngeorgenstadt, N50-25.84 Museum tours to (closed) Wagsfort Mine. [U] Germany E12-42.58 Deutsches Apotheken Alchemical laboratories and chemicals. Heidelberger Schloss, Schlossberg, N49-24.56 Museum Heidelberg, Germany E08-42.81 Museum Zinc mining, including cadmium which Erzbergwerk Rammelsberg, Rammelsberger N51-53.39 Rammselsberg was discovered zinc compounds. [Zn, Straße, Goslar, Germany E10-25.09 Cd] Scheele Haus Small exhibit in birthplace of Scheele, Fährstrasse 23, Stralsund, Germany N54-18.99 showing his experiments on gases. [O, E13-05.56 N] Alte Schicklersche Exhibit showing history of Forestry Schicklerstraß 3, Eberswalde, Germany N52-49.95 Gebäude School where Lothar Meyer taught and E13-49.07 developed his first published periodic table (nothing of chemistry and specifically of Meyer is exhibited)

HUNGARY Magyar Nemzeti Exquisitely details the history of Múzeum körút 14-16, Budpest, Hungary N47-29.47 Múzeum (Hungarian Hungary, exhibits on mines and E19-03.71 National Museum) metallurgy. [Au, Te] Nagybörzsöny Mining manager's old home; limited but Bányagazda Ház Tájház, Center of town, N47-56.14 Museum interesting historic mining exhibits. [Te] Nagybörzsöny (DeutschPilsen), Hungary E18-49.56

ITALY Museum Bombicci Original "fosforo di Bologna" (barite) Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Piazza N44-29.89 specimens. [Ba] Museo Nazionale, Bologna, Italy E11-21.35

NORWAY Norsk History of silver mining, next to school Hyttegt. 3 Kongsberg, Norway; N59-39.97 Berverksmuseum of Esmarck. [Ag, Th] E09-38.97

POLAND Sklodowska Museum The museum of Marie Sklodowska Ul. Freta 16, Warsaw, Poland N52-15.09 Curie; history of her life and E21-00.51 discoveries; exhibits on radioactivity and minerals; personal memorabilia and family history. [Ra, Po]

ROMANIA BabeÕ-Bolyai U. Samples of tellurium and other 1 Kogalniceanu Str., Cluj-Napoca, Romania N46-46.04 Mineralogical Romanian minerals. [Te] E23-35.49 Museum Muzeul de Istorie Samples of tellurium, gold, and other Str Cet|Ûii 1, Sibiu, Romania N45-47.70 Naturala Romanian minerals (in storage). [Au, E24-09.29 Te]

RUSSIA Mendeleev Museum Site of Mendeleev's office and E">8H-B,H,D$JD(F846 '@FJ*"DFH&,>>Z6 N59-56.50 laboratory at St. Petersburg; extensive I>4&,DF4H,H, Sankt-Peterburgskiy E30-17.98 exhibits of his chemistry and life. Gosudarstvenniy Universitet (St. Petersburg [Periodic table] State University); (;,>*,:,,&F8"b 94>4b, Mendelevskaya Liniya, (2, Mendeleevskaya Liniya), E">8H-B,H,D$JD( (St. Petersburg); 9,>4>(D"*F8"b @$:"FH\ (Leningrad Oblast); C@FF4b (Russia) Urals Geological Specimens ofs the region including ID":\F846 ',@:@(4R,F846 ;J2,6, N56-49.59 Museum crocoite from Berezovsky mines. [Cr] Uralskiy Geologichesckiy Musei (Urals E60-35.76 Geological Museum); 7@8D4b8@&" I:. (Khokhryakova Str.) and 7J0$JT,&" I:. (Kujbysheva Str.); +8"H,D4>$JD( (Ekaterinburg); E&,D*:@&F8"b ?$:"FH\ (Sverdlosk Oblast); C@FF4b (Russia) Museum at Butlerov Includes historic samples of Klaus' =4N4 4<. ".<. #JH:,D@&" (Butlerov N55-47.40 Chemical Institute ruthenium. [Ru] Chemical Institute); 7D,<:,&F8"b I:. E49-07.31 (Kremlevskaya Str.), 7"2">F846 '@FJ*"DFH&,>>Z6 I>4&,DF4H,H, Kazanskiy Gosudarstvenniy Universitet (Kazan State University.), 7"2">\ (Kazan), G"H"DFH"> (Tatarstan), C@FF4b (Russia) (plaque)

SCOTLAND Royal Museum of Exhibits on Black and Hope. [Mg, Sr] Chambers St., Edinburgh, Scotland N55-56.81 Scotland W03-11.44 Museum Stores, Archival equipment and models of Thurso Street, Glasgow, Scotland N55-52.17 University of Soddy, including "Soddy's calculating W04-17.84 Glasgow machine" (to calculate radioactive decay) [isotopes]

SWEDEN Berzelius Museum Incredibly rich museum on the life of Museum originally viewed (during year N59-22.02 Berzelius with much of his original 2000) at the modern Swedish Royal E18-03.09. equipment and chemicals samples, Academy, Lilla Frescativägen 4A, laboratory furnishings, atomic models, Stockholm, Sweden; the museum is now in home memorabilia. [Li, Si, Se, Zr, Ce, storage (as of 2010). Th] Plans are to move the museum to N59-20.50 Observatoriekullen, Observatoriemuseet E18-03.30 (Observatory Museum, Observatory Hill), Drottninggatan 120, Stockholm, Sweden Köping Museum Extensive exhibits on Scheele Östra Långgatan 37, Köping, Västmanlands, N59-30.50 ("Scheeles Minne" = "To the memory of Sweden E16-00.01 Scheele") including elements he discovered and laboratory replica; many rooms devoted to his contributions. [F, Mn, Mo, W, O, N] Museum Fascinating museum including exhibits Akademigatan 3, Uppsala, Sweden N59-51.47 Guvstavianum of science of 1700-1800s; includes E17-37.91 exhibits on Celsius, Bergman (mentor of Scheele); records of Berzelius as a student. [F] Falun Museum Mining display includes exhibit on Falu koppargruva (Falun copper mine), N60-36.01 Gahn; tour of the huge historic mine is Falun, Kopparbergs, Sweden E15-36.95 available. [Mn] Skansen Park Open-air museum with replicas of Apotek, Skansen Parken, Djurgården, Apotek: buildings of 200 years ago, including a Stockholm N59-19.58 full multi-roomed pharmacy patterned E18-06.05 after Scheele's pharmacy, with some of his original equipment and furnishings Entrance to from his Köping laboratory. park: N59-19.45 E18-05.99 Los Mine Museum History of cobalt mine (source of Gruvbyvägen, Los, Sweden [old spelling of N61-44.52 nickel) [Co, Ni] village was Loos] E15-09.40 Ekomuseum This “museum” is a scattered collection Prime interest: Bastnäs Mine (discovery of Bastnäs: Bergslagen of about 50 geographical sites in an area cerium and lanthanum) and Brandt Manor N59-50.75 of 7500 square kilometers which were Mines (discovery of cobalt). E15-35.34 historically important in the development of the metallurgy of Brandt Manor: Sweden – copper, silver, but mostly iron N59-49.66 – and include mines, old smelters, E15-33.12 waterways, museums, blast furnaces, harbors, ironworks, canals, etc. [Ce, Ls, Co] Uplands Vapen Small but interesting display associated Pharmacy “museum” in modern Uplands N59-51.50 Apoethecary with Scheele's old pharmacy. [F, Mn, Vapen Apothecary, Svavagallerian Mall E17-38.58 Mo, W, O, N] (corner of Bredgränd and Dragarbrunsgata; extending between Kungsgatan and Dragarbrunngatan), Uppsala, Sweden Science museum Historic houses, exhibit on Berzelius. Gamla Linköping ("Old Linköping"), N58-24.32 Malmslättsvägen, Sweden E15-35.33 Utö Museum Small rustic museum on mining history; Utö Island, beside iron mine (Island), N58-58.02 samples of lithium minerals. [Li] Stockholms, Sweden E18-19.75 Vaxholm Fortress Exhibit on Ytterby. [Y and heavy rare Växon (Island), Stockholms, Sweden N59-24.19 Museum earths]. E18-21.52 Red Cross Center Small exhibit on Berzelius' sulfuric acid Svenska Röda Korset, Gripsholm, Sweden N59-15.38 factory. [Se] E17-12.82

SWITZERLAND Paracelsus museum Impressive exhibits on life of Bad Pfäfers Lodge, Bad Pfäfers, Switzerland N46-58.40 Paracelsus. [concept of elements as E09-29.28 mercury, sulfur, and salt] Pharmaziehistoriches Rich history of alchemical and 3 Totengässlein, Basel, Switzerland N47-33.52 Museum pharmaceutical chemistry; history on E07-35.17 Paracelsus, who spent part of his life at this very site (then a publishing house of Frobenius). Musée d'Histoire des Scientific instruments (historic rue de Lausanne, 128, Geneva, Switzerland N46-13.26 Sciences latitude/longitude layout underlines the E06-09.11 various projections used throughout the history geodesy).

USA American Museum History of Oak Ridge and the American Museum of Science and Energy, S. N36-00.65 of Science and Manhattan Project, and the development Tulane Ave., Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA W84-15.47 Energy of atomic energy. [Pm, Pu] Lawrence Hall of History of the cyclotron and science at Lawrence Hall of Science, Tilden Park, U of N37-52.77 Science Berkeley; original cyclotrons on exhibit. California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, W122-14.80 [transuranium elements] USA