AWM ASSOCIATION FOR WOMEN IN MATHE MATICS

Volume 36, Number l NEWSLETTER March-April 2006

President's Report

Hidden Help

TheAWM election results are in, and it is a pleasure to welcome Cathy Kessel, who became President-Elect on February 1, and Dawn Lott, Alice Silverberg, Abigail Thompson, and Betsy Yanik, the new Members-at-Large of the Executive Committee. Also elected for a second term as Clerk is Maura Mast.AWM is also pleased to announce that appointed members BettyeAnne Case (Meetings Coordi­ nator), Holly Gaff (Web Editor) andAnne Leggett (Newsletter Editor) have agreed to be re-appointed, while Fern Hunt and Helen Moore have accepted an extension of their terms as Member-at-Large, to join continuing members Krystyna Kuperberg andAnn Tr enk in completing the enlarged Executive Committee. I look IN THIS ISSUE forward to working with this wonderful group of people during the coming year.

5 AWM ar the San Antonio In SanAntonio in January 2006, theAssociation for Women in Mathematics Joint Mathematics Meetings was, as usual, very much in evidence at the Joint Mathematics Meetings: from

22 Girls Just Want to Have Sums the outstanding mathematical presentations by women senior and junior, in the Noerher Lecture and the Workshop; through the Special Session on Learning Theory

24 Education Column thatAWM co-sponsored withAMS and MAA in conjunction with the Noether Lecture; to the two panel discussions thatAWM sponsored/co-sponsored.AWM 26 Book Review also ran two social events that were open to the whole community: a reception following the Gibbs lecture, with refreshments and music that was just right for 28 In Memoriam a networking event, and a lunch for Noether lecturer Ingrid Daubechies. The JMM is also the occasion for AWM's largest Executive Committee meeting of the year and for our annual Business Meeting. All these events went off beautifully, were well-attended, and showcased the many accomplishments, and growing repertory of accomplishments, of women in mathematics, mathematical sciences, and mathematics education. Planning for a meeting like this begins years in advance, and the smooth execu­ tion of our most important public event depends on the help of many people, . � w ..., · A W �M : '-•'.:·�·. ' - •• _L' •• • • �- :.�· -:>:-·�

most of them unseen by the participants and beneficiaries. AWM Executive Committee members Bettye Anne Case, Meetings Coordinator; Anne Leggett, AWM Newsletter Editor; and Holly Gaff, Web Editor, worked tirelessly to arrange events within the AMS and MAA schedules, to publicize our activities, and to write, edit, proofread and distribute the program brochure of AWM events. It takes months of work with AMS meetings staff, headed by Diane Saxe, to fit our events into the immensely complex JMM program. Everyone who is honored with an AWM lecture, prize or place in a work­ 1t purpo fthr shop has been selected by a committee, which itself has been chosen, usually lathcmaci ts by a committee. Let's make two points here. First, the sincere thanks of AWM vomcn and girl tO IUUV go to all these committee members, whose names are never listed in the pro­ ivc: can:e m the mathc- gram. Second, and perhaps more important: this is a process whose point • lllld may not always be apparent to those doing the work or those who are chosen. Women have been deprived of opportunities to present talks at meetings in the past, not through lack of merit but as victims of a system that allowed I :u the J inr organizers to choose their own friends and colleagues, perpetuating the domi­ nance of an "in group" at many publicly supported events-the infamous "old-boy network." And every time we form a committee, go through a selec­ tion process, test ourselves carefully for conflict of interest or question our own expertise and ability to make judgments, we are, consciously or uncon­ .Cl ,,AWM sciously, trying to correct a system that has denied us opportunities in the EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE past. This year, we had many more applicants, especially for the workshop for President women graduate students and recent Ph.D.'s, than there was space to accom­ Rarbara lee ' ·fia modate. Our sincere regrets go to those who were not chosen to speak or present f.id In riturc posters: we would have liked to find space for everyone. But at the same time, 221 .ollegc rrccr, :Z.od H r 'Jorooto, we rejoice at the strong competition and salute all the talented young women who are coming onto the mathematical scene. elds.utoronto.ca Elsewhere in this newsletter, you will find details of the program. Here I will single out some of the highlights. First, the prizes. Our Louise Hay Award went to Patricia Clark Kenschafr, whose book Change is Possiblehas just Treasurer been published by the AMS and was featured at the book exhibit. The winner R Herb of the A WM Schafer Prize is Alexandra Ovetsky, a senior at Princeton; runner­ At-lafCe Members up and honorable mention went to Allison Bishop, also a senior at Princeton, fern Y. lluot Krysryo2Kupubcrg n and Ellen Gasparovic, a senior at Holy Cross. Kenschaft and Ovetsky received OIWll loll their awards at the prize ceremony, always a gala affair, and we were surprised tldcn I •l't' na and delighted to discover more AWM familiars on the platform receiving Clerk MAAprizes: Jacqueline Dewarand Judy Walker received Deborah and Franklin MauraM r Tepper Haimo Awards for Distinguished College or University Teaching of MeetJncs Coonl.lnlltor Mathematics and Jennifer Quinn, with Arthur Benjamin, the Becken bach Book Bert Anne , caseOma Jsu.edu Prize for Proofs that Really Count: The Art of Combinatorial Proof Jackie is a Newsletter Editor member of our Education Committee; Judy, a former Executive Committee Anne 1 en: I gge members.ams.or& member, was an organizer of this year's workshop; and Jenny is now AWM's Web Editor Executive Director. Marjorie Enneking, Ivy Knoshaug, and Kay Somers received

If II · , ; hgaffOepl.umaryfand.edu MAA Certificates of Meritorious Service for their service to their Sections

of the MAA. One of the most exciting surprises, among the large number of

2 Newsletter Volume 36, Number 2 • March-April200 women receiving prizes on the platform (9 of the 29 indi­ MEMBERSHIP AND NEWSLETTER INFORMATION viduals were women!), was Cathleen Synge Morawetz, win­ ner of the George David Birkhoff Prize in Applied Mathe­ matics, a joint award of AMS and SIAM, one of the highest honors awarded by the AMS or SIAM. This prize is given only once every three years, and Cathleen Morawetz is the first woman, in the history of the prize, to have won it. This year's Noether Lecture, "Mathematical Challenges of Learning Theory," was given by Ingrid Daubechies. In an engrossing tour that included interdisciplinary research n f'rtc.1ds, fm. and mentoring of students, Ingrid explained how she had un . come upon a chance to study the process by which search engines associate terms-an optimization problem in a very high dimensional space. In the process, she and her co­ to, workers improved the prize-winning algorithm AdaBoost. Some of the results discussed by Ingrid were joint work with Cynthia Rudin, who organized an AMS-AWM-MAA ,. ub­ Special Session, also titled "Mathematical Challenges of piU5 Learning Theory." The AWM Wo rkshop fo r Wo men Graduate Students and Recent Ph.D.'s at the Joint Mathematics Meetings is sponsored by NSA and ONR; this year it was organized by Claudia Polini, Marie Vitulli, and Judy Wa lker. It took place on Sunday and achieved excellent attendance, even though the meeting was winding down by then. The eight talks were superb, and the lively poster session illustrated the extent to which the younger generation is learning to com­ municate with this medium. (It also indicated how many university departments have invested in the technology to produce splendid visuals.) In this report, I would like to offer a special thanks to the six panelists who offered their views on "Lawrence H. Summers: One Year Later" and to mention the large and at­ tentive audience who heard them out and offered comments cmlxr and questions. In order of presentation: Mary W Gray, fo und­ ing member and first president of AWM, took as her theme, "How bad were the bad old days?" She remarked that no one told her in high school or college that "women don't do math": it was only in graduate school-only when women actually became a threat-that women's roles began to be questioned. She reminded us that she and Alice Schafer had written papers on this topic starting in 1973, repeating the thread every couple of years, up to the present. Stephanie Frank Singer, who now runs a company called Campaign

Volume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 3 Scientific, complained that the playing fteld is not level and that the hostility AWM Executive Director she had faced fr om many colleagues had driven her from a tenured position )tunilcrQuinn into the private sector. Addressing young women in the audience, she offered Jlh n : _ �J-lf"C).J6 JQUrnn awm-math.org the advice, "Know where your bottom line is, and don't be pushed beyond it to the point of compromising your health''; but she also admonished us that AWM ONLINE "the next generation is looking up to you." Ellen Kirkman; a professor at Wa ke Forest University, fo cused on some positive indicators: based on the AWM Web Editor survey conducted by the AMS, ASA, IMS and MAA, one can see that partici­ HnU�· pation by women in mathematics departments is increasing and can identify hgaf pi.Umarytand.edu which institutions are the leading producers of women Ph.D.'s. However, she Online Ads Info noted that overall, mathematics is becoming less popular as a course of study. ( I ifit'd a.nd j b link may be pi� 1 the Jl. 1 \\ b itc. Richard M. Dudley, of MIT, was introduced as a debunker ofbehavioral genet­ ics. He proceeded to pick apart some of the statistics that purport to show Webalte and Online Fof'UinS http./ ;www.awm-matn.org intrinsic differences in performance by girls and women. This theme was taken up by Mary Beth Ruskai ofTufts. Finally, Alice Silverberg, from the University of California at Irvine, mocked some of the inconsistencies in Harvard's atti­ AWM-NET tudes towards women, including the an1bivalent position of Radcliffe in the

Editor: I iannc :n.c-.uy university structure. Many members of the audience picked up on these themes, ol aryOcs.umd.edu variously supporting or contesting the panelists' conclusions. One concern that

To uhscribe. . nd mail 1 l awm-net-request@ was voiced was that the tone of the panelists was discouraging to young women; cs.umd.edu .md in ·lud I' ur mail .uld another was that, despite the rhetoric, institutions like Harvard are actually I mcmbcr

1. • I, 1 .mel ( ubeT• 1 - things had improved yet. A fr iend tellsme that the whole business is referred to, around Harvard, as "one-fourteen." We will see how long its fame will linger. Returning to the theme of the first paragraph of this report, in February a new set of volunteers came onto the Executive Committee, and more organiza­ tional changes were undertaken. These will be the subject of a future report. 1111.1 kmal� ., · High t I Meanwhile, thanks again to all the people, those whose names appeared in the M.uh.:nuti D )'': program and those whose behind-the-scenes help is greatly appreciated, who Aug I , :!006 made the AWM program such a resounding success.

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AWM OFFICE Barbara L. Keyfttz Toronto, Canada January 24, 2006

4 Newsletter Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April2006 AWM at the San Antonio JMM The Association for Women in Mathematics is grateful to the American Mathematical Societyand the Mathematical Associa­ tion of America fortheir efforts on behalfof all the AWM activi­ ties. AWM also wishes to thank all the members who volunteered their time and expertise for these meeting events, and the stajfiof the Marriott Riverwalk and the HenryB. Gonzalez Convention Center forall their assistance.

AWM Noether Lecture The 2006 Noether Lecture, "Mathematical Results and Barbara Keyfitz, Ingrid Oaubechies, and Lenore Blum Challenges in Learning Theory," was delivered by Ingrid Daubechies, Department of Mathematics and Program in Daubechies held a research position at the Free Univer­ Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton Univer­ sity until 1987. From 1987 to 1994 she was a member of the sity. Barbara Keyfitz, AWM President, welcomed the audi­ technical staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories, during which ence, and Lenore Blum, Carnegie Mellon University, intro­ time she took leaves to spend six months (in 1990) at the duced Daubechies. University ofMichigan and twoyears (1991-1993) at Rutgers University. She is now a professor in the Department of Abstract: One of the most widespread applications of Mathematics, the first woman to hold that position, and in learning theory is in ubiquitous search engines, which have the Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics at to (and do!) classifY enormous databases according to (almost) Princeton University. Her research interests have focused on arbitrary criteria. Computer scientists have developed power­ the mathematical aspects of time-frequency analysis, in par­ ful algorithms fo r these very high-dimensional problems, ticular wavelets, as well as applications. In 1987 she con­ which typically cannot be tackled by gradient-descent or simi­ structed a class of wavelets that were identically zero outside lar optimization methods. These algorithms and the prob­ a finite interval, now among the most common type of lems they attack provide very interesting mathematical chal­ wavelets used in applications. Currently, she is applying her lenges. The talk will discuss in particular the widely applied techniques to learning theory. AdaBoost algorithm and its properties, as well as some vari­ Daubechies has received many awards in recognition of ants. It will review joint work with Cynthia Rudin and her groundbreaking work. In 1984, she received the Louis Rob Schapire (co-inventor, with Freund, of AdaBoost, fo r Empain Prize in Physics, awarded once every five years to a which they were awarded the 2003 Godel Prize). Belgian scientist on the basis of work done before the age of 29. In 1998, she was elected to be a member of the National Biographical Information Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the Institute of Electri­ Ingrid Daubechies grew up in Belgium and received both cal and Electronics Engineers. The American Mathematical her bachelor's and Ph.D. degrees (in 1975 and 1980) from Society awarded her a Leroy P. Steele prize fo r exposition in the Free University in Brussels. As fa r as she can remember, 1994 for her book TenLectures on Wt:zvelets, as well as the 1997 she was always interested in mathematics and how things Ruth Lyttle Satter Prize for "her deep and beautiful analysis worked, and from an early age, was encouraged by her of wavelets and their applications." In 2000, she became the father, a civil mining engineer, and her mother, a criminolo­ first woman to receive the National Academy of Sciences gist, to pursue her interest in science. Although she studied Award in Mathematics, presented every fo ur years, fo r excel­ to become a physicist, her work has always been very lence in published mathematical research. From 1992 to 1997 mathematical. she was a fellow of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur

Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 5 Foundation. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Mathematical Society, the Mathematical Association of America, the Society for Indus­ trial and Applied Mathematics, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Daubechies has been very involved in helping communi­ cate mathematics to the public, in particular in coming up with ideas for the K-12 mathematics curriculum that reflect present-day applications of mathematics. Her husband is also a mathematician, and they have two children, Michael and Carolyn. When she is not working or asleep, she likes to spend time with her family.

AWM Prizes Pat Kenschaft and husband Fred Chichester

Louise Hay Award for Contributions to Mathematics Education Citation for Patricia Clark Kenschaft AW M established the Louise Hay Award to recognize In recognition of her long career of dedicated service to outstanding achievements and contributions in any area of mathematics and mathematics education, theAWM is pleased mathematics education. While Louise Hay was widely recog­ to present the Sixteenth Annual Louise Hay Award to nized for her contributions to mathematical logic and fo r her Patricia Clark Kenschaft of Montclair State University. strong leadership, her devotion to students and her lifelong Tr ained as a fu nctional analyst (Ph.D., University of commitment to nurturing the talent of young women and Pennsylvania, 1973), Pat Kenschaft fo und her true calling, men secure her reputation as a consummate educator. The not only in teaching university-level mathematics, but also in annual presentation of this award is intended to highlight writing about, speaking about, and working fo r mathematics the importance of mathematics education and to evoke the and mathematics education in the areas of K-12 education, memory of all that Hay exemplified as a teacher, scholar, the environment, affirmative action and equity, and public administrator, and human being. awareness of the importance of mathematics in society.

Call for Nominations: 2007 Louise Hay Award

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6 Newsletter Volume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 wide scope of her interests and influence are evi­ to raise understanding of the effects of human activity on the by the titles of her published books and articles. Re- Closer to home,

equny, action, and the of uul'-IJ'c"' Issues women and minorities in mathematics, she has written Change vegetables A colleague is Possible: Stories of Women and Minorities in Mathematics influence has been crucial to the emerging pres- (AMS, 2005) and edited and/or contributed chapters to ence environmental mathematics, that combination of Winning Women into Mathematics (MAA, 1991), Complexi­ most critical challenge of our time and the most power­ ties: Women in Mathematics (Princeton University Press, 2005), ful technology of our time." and Black Womenin America: An Historical Encyclopedia. With One ofKenschafi:'sinsights is that problems-sexism, rac­ Catherine Wick, she wrote the chapter "Multicultural and ism, environmental degradation, and poor teaching-are Gender Equity in the Mathematics Classroom'' (1997 NCTM often caused by systems, rather than individuals, and that Yearbook), detailing a series of "micro-inequity skits," based damaging individual behavior is often unconscious and on real-life experiences, which point out in a good-natured may even be well-intentioned. While chair of the MAACom­ way the sorts of small injustices that may occur daily to mittee on the Participation of Women, she wrote, "I believe females in mathematics. that in the late twentieth century we are all guilty of sexism, In the 1980s, Kenschaft surveyed black mathematicians even those of us trying hardest to overcome the problem. in New Jersey and asked, "What can be done to bring more The continual observations of my own teen-age son with blacks into mathematics?" The most common answer was, the undimmed vision and precise tongue so characteristic "Teach mathematics better to all American children. The of youth relieved me of any illusions that I might be an way it is now, if children don't learn mathematics at exception." home, they don't learn it at all, so any ethnic group that is underrepresented in mathematics will remain so until chil­ As one of her colleagues wrote: dren are taught mathematics better in elementary school." These results led Kenschaft to fo und and direct PRIMES, She deserves to be recognized for her decades of the Project for Resourceful Instruction of m dedication to mathematics and math education and the School, which was supported by 14 for her innovative and unique contributions in these

Eisenhower grants and served m mne sub­ areas. In particular, her special attention to children urban schools. As aresult of her work on this project, Kenschaft and their parents, women, minorities, and the envi­ developed the book Math Power: How to Help YourChild Love ronment, all with respect to mathematics, have been Mathematics Even IfYou Don't, in order to encourage and continue to be of benefit for the mathematical other mathematicians to play a more active role in teacher community and our society as a whole. education, she wrote the February 2005 AMS No tices article, "Racial Equity Requires Teaching Elementary Teachers More Responsefrom Ke nschaft Mathematics." Kenschaft has also promoted a broader un­ I am, of course, delighted and with derstanding of the nature importance of mathematics this award. It is probably the award means most to me. through her call-in radio show, Math Medley, which she This citation makes me understood. I am especially glad hosted for six years and which was an innovative way that its author observed my dedication to changing systems, bringing experts on mathematics, mathematics education, not people-although, like every good teacher, I do enjoy and the environment in contact with the general public. affecting individual

The final important set of contributions made by I myself have been especially m systems Kenschaft broadens our knowledge and understanding of in which I found myself-family, neighborhood, schools, environment. Through her textbook, Mathematics I worked hard, but

Human Survival, her volume Environmental Mathematics (co- so every other person has earned a doctorate in edited with Ben Fusaro), and her work the MAA Special mathematics. Yes,I have lovedmathematics, but so have many Group on Environmental helped others, and we are a group.

2 .. March-April 2006 Ne wsletter 7 l was especially fo rtunate to have been born into a loving family that wanted me to experience as much of life as pos­ sible. Both my father and mother's father supported their women in reaching fo r the highest. Before l started kinder­ garten, my father explained the concept of 1t to me. During

a lunch in second grade, my mother showed me how using x to represent "any number" could help me understand why a math puzzle "worked." When I asked her in fifth grade what "algebra" was, she suggested we find the encyclopedia, and we went through the entire description there while she did the ironing. My first grade teachers sat me in the back of the room with the two slowest students, thereby starting my love of teaching. Belle Kearney, my ninth grade algebra teacher, was not

angry that I already knew the subject when I came to her. Alexandra Ovetsky, Allison Bishop, She lent me her "college algebra" text and offered to meet Barbara Keyfitz, and Ellen Gasparovic with me once a week to go over my questions. A few years later, she won a fellowship to earn a doctorate, and then Alice T. Schafer Prize for Excellence in died of breast cancer. Mathematics by an Undergraduate Woman She was my last female math teacher, but I can't remem­ In 1990, the Executive Committee of the Association fo r ber any math teacher in high school, college, or graduate Women in Mathematics (AWM) established the annual Alice school who ever implied that I couldn't succeed because of T. Schafer Prize for Excellence in Mathematics by an Under­ my sex. I have continued to meet amazingly wonderful graduate Woman. The prize is named for former AWM men and women in both my personal and professional lives. president and one of its fo unding members, Alice T. Schafer Lee Lorch mentored my equity writing. Lou Giglio, a high (Professor Emerita fr om Wellesley College), who has con­ school math teacher, phoned the dean at Montclair State and tributed a great deal to women in mathematics throughout asked fo r a collaborator to start a program supporting ele­ her career. The criteria for selection include, but are not lim­ mentary school teachers mathematically, thereby beginning ited to, the quality of the nominees' performance in math­ a great seven-year adventure. Ben Fusaro reached out to me ematics courses and special programs, an exhibition of real with a variety of activities in environmental mathematics. interest in mathematics, the ability to do independent work, Fred Chichester, my husband of thirty years, has shared my and if applicable, performance in mathematical competitions. love of math and always supported my aspirations. AWM is pleased to present the Sixteenth Annual Alice There is much still to do, but I have been repeatedly T. Schafer Prize to Alexandra Ovetsky, Princeton University. fo rtunate. Why not others? I wish that every person in my Also, Allison Bishop, Princeton University, was recognized as infant grandson's generation could be supported by a culture runner-up and Ellen Gasparovic, College of the Holy Cross, that is nurturing, equitable, and environmentally safe and as an honorable mention recipient. sustainable. It might be possible if we all try. I am deeply grateful fo r this recognition that I have tried. Citation for Alexandra Ovetsky Alexandra Ovetsky is a senior at Princeton University. A Visit our website at Goldwater scholar, Ovetsky is also the recipient of the Princeton math department's Andrew H. Brown prize for www.���-m_Jlth.org outstanding research in mathematics as a junior. Her coau­ for --��e :lat��\.-Jl�ws: � thored paper "Surreal Dimensions" has been published in Advances in Applied Mathematics.

8 Ne wsletter Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April2006 In the summer of 2004, Ovetsky participated in the research capabilities of an advanced graduate student or REU program at the University of Minnesota at Duluth. junior facultymemb er. " There she wrote a professional-level paper about well­ covered graphs, turning the idea around and showing that Responsefrom Ovetsky the property of being not well-covered behaves well under I am grearly honored to be this year's recipient of the Cartesian products. In the summer of2005, Oversky partici­ Alice T. Schafer prize. I would like to thank the AWM fo r pated in the Director's Summer Program at the National being such an encouragement to women in mathematics, in Security Agency. There she tackled three problems and particular those at early stages of their careers. made significant progress on all three. This work is being I became passionate about mathematics at a very early published internally at NSA. age; however I only discovered the true beauty of this subject For her junior paper at Princeton, Ovetsky proved a when I was introduced to mathematical research by Dr. result in graph theory, generalizing a famous theorem of Ted Chinburg of the University of Pennsylvania. I would Claude Shannon fr om 1948. Oversky's theorem relates like to thank him fo r his inspiration and patience in working the chromatic number to the clique number fo r quasi­ with an enthusiastic but inexperienced high school student. line graphs. One recommender reports, "She already has the I would also like to extend my gratitude to Joe Gallian fo r

NSF-AWM Travel Grants for Women

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Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 9 giving me the opportunity to interact with a group of the field. In particular, I am greatly indebted to Wendy Hines at nation's top young mathematicians that he gathers at his the University of Nebraska, as well as Alice Chang, Ingrid REU at Duluth, Minnesota. I would to Daubechies, and Alina Cojocaru at Princeton University, all Maria Chudnovsky, my junior independent work whom have guided me through my studies advisor at Princeton University, for encouraging me to con­ and research. I would also like to thank Jamie Radcliffe at the tinue working in the field of graph theory and fo r her University ofNebraska and Jordon Ellenberg fo r wonder­ excellent guidance of my research endeavors with The ful teaching and encouragement in my first semester at support of many other faculty members of the Princeton Princeton. Last, but certainly not least, I would to thank math department has also been invaluable. my high school calculus teacher, John Kotmel, who firsttaught me that mathematics could be creative to a degree far beyond Citation for Allison Bishop my expectations. My mathematical interests came a bit Allison Bishop is a senior at Princeton University. She is and unexpectedly in my academic life, but I have been very a Goldwater scholar, and in 2003 she was recipient of lucky in having great advisors and fellow students to help me Princeton's Shapiro Prize fo r Academic Excellence. Bishop's learn and discover mathematics. I am very excited about con­ strengths in-and passion fo r-mathematics are evident in a tinuing my studies and pursuing a mathematical career. wide variety of fields, including game theory, classical analy­ sis, number theory, and algebraic geometry. In her course­ Citation for Ellen Gasparovic work and her research endeavors, Bishop's versatility, creativ­ Ellen Gasparovic is a senior mathematics major in the ity and tenacity earn high praise. She is described as a natural College Honors Program at the College of the Holy Cross, leader and also a team player. where she has been a Dana Scholar for three years and a re­ In Summer 2004, Bishop participated in the REU pro­ cipient of the "Rising Star" Award. During her junior year, gram at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Her project Gasparovic undertook research with professor Sharon mentor writes of Bishop's ingenuity as well as her remark­ Frechette related to the theory of partitions and presented her able mathematical sophistication. Allison Bishop's research results at the Seventh Annual Nebraska Conference fo r Un­ project used game theory to study the evolution of coopera­ dergraduate Wo men in Mathematics. She has been named tion; that is, probability of a single cooperator taking over one of only Fenwick scholars in the class of 2006 at in a non-cooperating population. work pre­ Holy status affords to vious studies, modifyinga fixedpopu lation to a growing one. spend her semester studying the group Lie sphere At the NSA's Director's Summer Program in Summer 2005, transformations, subgroups, and their recent appli- Bishop's performance was again exceptional. Of her project, cations the Thomas Cecil. one advisor writes, "By the midpoint of the summer program, In addition to Gasparovic's mathematical rhymes, her let­ Ms. Bishop had demonstrated a solution far better than the ter writers comment on her enthusiasm and love for the sub­ project mentor had anticipated." ject. Her willingness to share with others through Bishop's senior thesis at Princeton is an undergraduate wonderful talks is valued by her colleagues teachers. mathematics textbook, which aims to introduce readers to the fundamental concept of mathematical proof, while dem­ Response from Gasparovic onstrating the wide variety of mathematical the con­ I am thrilled to be selected as the honorable mention nections between them, and their applications. recipient fo r the Alice T. Schafer Prize. I thank the Associa­ tion fo r Women in Mathematics fo r this tremendous honor Responsefrom Bisho p and fo r the outstanding opportunities the organization pro­ I am very honored to be recognized by the Association vides for women in mathematics. Through this award, the for Women in Mathematics. The support and encouragement AWM demonstrates its commitment to recognize and sup­ of female mathematicians has been a crucial element of my port young women with a passion fo r mathematics, and I positive experiences in mathematics and I am glad that the am excited to be a part of this wonderful endeavor. Thank Association provides such support fo r other women in the you to the entire College of the Holy Cross community for

10 Newsletter Vo lume 36, Number 2 " March-April 2006 the excellent education I have received. In particular, I am grateful to work with such a remarkable professor. Further­ grateful fo r the unique opportunity I have had this year to more, I appreciate very much the great wisdom and support design a year of independent study, providing me with a strong of professors Sharon Frechette, Cristina Ballantine, and Steven fo undation fo r a career in mathematical research and educa­ Levandosky of the Holy Cross mathematics department. Fi­ tion. Deepest thanks go ro professor Thomas Cecil, my re­ nally, I thank my parents fo r introducing me to a love of! earn­ search advisor, mentor, and nominator. He is an incredible ing and for never ceasing to remind me of my potential as a source of inspiration and encouragement for me, and I am so woman in mathematics.

Sonia Kovalevsky High School Mathematics Days

Through a grnm rom lizabct:h :iry rare niv iry and me arional iry Ag ncy ( A), the anon r Worn n in M:uhcmati will upport onia Kovalcv ky High cbool Marhcmati D ys at colleges and univcniri� throughout the counrry. rua Kovalcv ky ay hav been organi14d b A'l and in titurions around the untry in 19 wh n AWM ponsored sym mm

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Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 11 AWM Workshop graduate students and their posters are listed next.

The workshop talks, poster session and panel were open No n-Simple No n-Stationary Bratteli-Vershik to the entire math community attending the Meetings. Se­ Sarah E. Bailey, ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill lected graduate students and recent Ph.D.'s presented and discussed their research and met with other mathematicians. Continuous Dependence Results for Thanks to Claudia Polini (University ofNotre Dame), Marie Inhomogeneous III-Posed Problems Vitulli (University of Oregon) and Judy L. Walker (Univer­ Beth M. Campbell-Hetrick, Btyn Mawr College sity of Nebraska) fo r organizing this successful workshop and to ONR and NSA fo r their support of the AWM work­ The Core of Ideals shop program. Thanks also to the volunteers who served Louiza Fouli, Purdue University as mentors, discussion group leaders and panelists. See the photo spread on pages 20-21 for some of the action! Syzygies ofToric Varieties Research talks by recent women Ph.D.'s were: Milena Hering, University of Michigan

Hilbert's Tenth Pro blemfor Function Fieldsof Characteristic Zero Layer Potential Techniques forPa rabolic PDEs Kirsten Eisentrager, University of Michigan in No nsmooth Cy linders Tunde Jakab, University of Missouri-Columbia The Topology of Symplectic and Hyperkahler Quotients Megumi Harada, University ofToronto Spinning Rods: Experiments and Theory Terry Jo Leiterman, University of North Carolina The Road to Super Quantum Groups at Chapel Hill Gizem Karaali, University of California, Santa Barbara Dimensional Lan(Tz:taol'' Their Automata The Motion of a Thin Liquid Film Driven Joni Burnette Pirnot, of South Florida by Surfoctant Gravity Rachel Levy, Duke University Isotropic Hyperelastic Material Modeled UsingIn variants of Logarithmic Strain Tensor Decompositions and Compression Tsvetanka Sendova, A & M University Carla D. Moravitz Martin, Cornell University A Stochastic Dynamical System forthe Evolution of Repeat Strings Measuring Ergodicityand Mixing at Diffirent Scales Suzanne S. Sindi, University of Maryland Sherry E. Scott, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Arithmetic Properties of the Coefficients of Modular Forms Stephanie Treneer, University of Illinois at Urbana­ Hide-and-Seek and a Geometic Spectral Champaign Invariant on Surfoces Jean Steiner, Courant Institute, New York University A Fast Multipole Method-based Poisson Solver forUse in Fluid Simulation The E-x:istence of a Volume-Preserving Ergodic Hyperbolic Sarah A. Williams, University of California, Davis Flow on Any Manifoldof Dimension at Least 3 Anna Talitskaya, Northwestern University jet Schemes of Monomial Schemes Cornelia Oichi Yuen, University of Michigan

12 Newsletter Volume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 AW M Sessions and Panels have taught such a course and are interested in participat­ ing, please contact [email protected]. The panel discussion held on Thursday is featured in the On Sunday, Cynthia Rudin from NYU moderated the President's Report. AMS/AWM /MM special session "Mathematical Results and On Friday, Terri Bennett (Southern Connecticut State Challenges in Learning Theory." Other speakers included University) moderated the MM-AWM panel "Teaching a Kristin Bennett (Rensselaer), John Lafferty (Carnegie Mellon), Course on Wo men and/or Minorities in Mathematics." Helen Phil Long (Google), and Martin Zinkevich (University of Moore (American Institute of Mathematics) and Bonnie Alberta). Many aspects of machine learning were discussed, Shulman (Bates College) spoke about women in science including online convex optimization, orthogonal features, courses, John Kellermeier (Tacoma Community College) boosting, ranking, and sparse regression. The session ended spoke about a course on ethnomathematics, and Sarah with an informal discussion. Related papers will be posted Greenwald (Appalachian State University) spoke about a on Cynthia's webpage: www.cns.nyu.eduj�rudin. women and minorities in mathematics course. The content The workshop panel, "Shaping a Career in Mathemat­ level ranged from including a great deal of mathematics, to ics," was also held on Sunday. Moderated by Marie Vitulli critical studies of the available statistical research, to histori­ (University of Oregon), the panelists were Barbara Lee Keyfitz cal, sociological, and feminist perspectives. For more infor­ (Fields Institute and University of Houston), Suzanne Lenhart mation, see http:/jwww. mathsci.appstate.edu/�sigjwmj. (University ofTennessee), Mara D. Neuse! (Texas Tech Uni­ The panel is soliciting related article contributions. If you versity) and Michelle D. Wagner (National Security Agency).

Awards of Other Societies at the JMM

Nine of the twenty-nine individuals receiving awards at original biomathematics program, as a fashioner of the sec­ the Joint Prize Session at the Joint Mathematics Meetings in ondary education subject matter program in mathematics, San Antonio, January 2006, were women. Tw o of these were as developer of several innovative courses (Mathematics AWM awards and have been reported on in the preceding Laboratory fo r Elementary Teachers, Wo men and Mathemat­ pages. Here, we reprint citations and responses fo r the awards ics, and Workshop I and II fo r freshmen mathematics ma­ given by AMS, MM and SIAM, in the order of presentation. jors), and as a developer of individualized courses fo r the See the prize booklet "January 2006 Prizes and Awards" online Master of Arts in Teaching students. The freshman-level at www. ams. orgj amsjp rizebook-2006. pdf. Wo rkshop course, most often taught by Jackie, is credited with improving retention of math majors; graduating seniors confirmthat it was one of two classes they "absolutely could not have done without." Currently Jackie is working with In 1991, MM instituted the Deborah and Franklin colleagues on redesigning a core mathematics course through Haimo Awards for Distinguished College or Univer­ the NSF-funded project Science Education for New Civic Teaching of Mathematics in order to honor college or Engagements and Responsibilities (SENCER) . teachers who have been widely recognized as Co-founder of the Math Science Interchange, an all­ extraordinarily successful and whose teaching effectiveness volunteer organization that sponsors annual Expanding shown to have had influence beyond their own Your Horizon Conferences fo r middle and high school girls, institutions. Jackie has played an important role in the recruiting and retention of women in mathematics. For 25 years, she orga­ Citation for Jacqueline Dewar nized these conferences on the LMU campus. On the LMU campus, Jackie has profoundly influenc­ For her passionate devotion to the art of teaching, it is a ed the mathematics curriculum, as initial architect of the great pleasure to present Jacqueline Dewar with the Deborah

Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 13 and Franklin Tepper Haimo Award Distinguished motivation fo r lege or University Teaching of Mathematics.

Biographical Note

Jacqueline M. Dewar is Professor and Chair Math- Judy Leavitt Walker is "an amazing who cares ematics Department at Loyola Marymount University in Los deeply about her students' intellectual and well-be- Angeles. She has directed the Master of Arts in Teaching ing. Her students testifYthat courses are among the most Mathematics program and coordinated the Mathematics demanding they ever had, consistently praise her ability Concentration for future elementary teachers. From 1995- to guide the direction of a class through questions. Superb at 2001, she worked with a team of faculty from ten institu­ explaining mathematics and communicating the joy of dis­ tions of higher education in the greater Los Angeles area to covery, she is available outside of class fo r special prob­ fo rm the Los Angeles Collaborative fo r Teacher Excellence lem sessions and is in demand as a doctoral thesis advisor. (LACTE), a five-year, $5,500,000 NSF-funded initiative Since joining the faculty at the University of Nebraska­ with the goal of improving K- 12 teacher preparation pro­ Lincoln (UNL) in 1996, Walker has had a profound impact grams in science and mathematics. In 2003, she was selected on the department and the larger mathematical community. as one of 26 national scholars by the Carnegie Academy One major innovation at UNL was her creation of a fresh­ fo r the Scholarship ofTeaching and Learning. In 2005, she man honors seminar for non-majors, The joy of Numbers: received Loyola Marymount University's Fritz B. Burns Search for the Big adapting materials developed at Distinguished Teaching Award. Georgetown University. Later she adapted much of the course to serve elementary and middle school teachers. In class, she Response fromJa cqueline Dewar guides students to discover and prove ideas about number theory and to their results; after class, she documents I am deeply honored to receive and Tepper Haimo Award fo r Distinguished College or Univer­ sity Teaching Mathematics. In back over a 32- year career I see that the landscape of higher education and the special terrain of college teaching to a mathematics major of this incorporated many new figures into the scene. list of challenging course that awakened a of mathematics. "new" arrivals includes calculators, com- that puter algebra systems, graphics and spreadsheet programs, have had a great impact on calculus reform, cooperative group work, email, the a new standard of excellence fo r the depart­ cameras, mathematics awareness programs, competitions, ment. Her exceptional teaching was recognized in 2000 affirmative action, diversity serviCe two teaching awards from UNL. grative learning, civic engagement, and a colleague created ALL GIRLS/ influenced college mathematics teaching, some more broadly ALL MATH, a program to encourage high school girls to than others. The scholarship of and pursue mathematics; it has grants the MAA (SoTL) is a relatively recent arrival and, I believe, great Tensor and AMS Epsilon programs. She created fo r promise fo r improving the quality of teaching and learning. camp a weeklong course in elementary number theory SoTL invites faculty to frame and investigate questions cryptography in which students learn about mathematics about their teaching and their students' learning, to the secure transmission data. In 1999, at the share the results of those investigations with colleagues Program fo r Women at the Institute fo r Advanced in ways that can be built upon. Making private work of Study in Princeton, she gave a series oflectures (on area of teaching public and available for peer review can increase research) titled Codes and Curves; lectures were later

14 Ne wsletter Volume 36, Number 2 " March-April 2006 also created the Ne­ sense." From 1968-1998, the prize was normally awarded uhlt hed as a book b y the AMS. She I Women in Mathemat­ every fiveyears. Beginning in 2003, the prize will be awarded hr ka .onference fo r Undergraduate in its first seven years. every three years. The award is made jointly by the American i , " hich hasattracted 800 participants for Mentoring Mathematical Society and the Society fo r Industrial and Ap­ ( urr ·ncly she is PI fo r an NSF grant to UNL ·raduate srudenrs) through Critical Transition Points. plied Mathematics. r r her dynamic leadership and passionate commitment to award Judy to t .hing mathematics, we are delighted Citation for Cathleen Synge Morawetz Franklin Tepper Haimo 1 :3\in Walker the Deborah and \ vard for Distinguished College or University Te aching of The 2006 George David Birkhoff Prize in Applied 1 uhematics. Mathematics is awarded to Cathleen Synge Morawetz fo r her deep and influential work in partial differential equa­ Biographical Note tions, most notably in the study of shock waves, transonic flow, scattering theory, and conformally invariant estimates Judy Leavitt Walker is an associate professor of mathe­ for the wave equation. matics at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, where she has b en on the faculty since 1996. Her research is in the area of Biographical Note algebraiccoding theory; she has graduated one Ph.D. student and currently advises fo ur others. She is a founding organizer Cathleen Morawetz was born in To ronto, Canada, in 1923 ofboth the ALL GIRLS/ALL MATH summer camp fo r high where her father, Irish born and educated John L. Synge, was school girls and the Nebraska Conference for Undergraduate a professor of mathematics. The fa mily returned to Ireland Wo men in Mathematics, and she is the Project Director on from 1925 to 1930. From 1930 to 1945 Morawetz received the Nebraska Mentoring through Critical Transition Points her education in the public schools ofToronto and later her project. She is on the editorial board of the Rose Hulman B.A. at the University ofToronto. She starred graduate school Undergraduate Mathematics journal and an editor fo r the at MIT, receiving an M.S. in 1946. In October 1945 she jo urnal of Pure and Applied Algebra. married Herbert Morawetz, who became a professor of Poly­ mer Chemistry at Brooklyn Poly. In 1946 Morawetz began Responsefrom Ju dy Leavitt Wa lker working at NY U with Courant and Friedrichs, editing their book on compressible flow. In 1950 she completed a Ph.D. I am deeply honored to have been chosen to receive a thesis on imploding shocks. From 1950 to 1951 she worked 2006 Deborah and Franklin Te pper Haimo Award fo r Dis­ at MIT with C. C. Lin on fluid dynamic stability. In 1951 tinguished College or University Teaching of Mathematics she returned to NYU on a part-time basis and worked with from the Mathematical Association of America. I have been Friedrichs and Bers mainly on the problems of transonic flow fo rtunate so far in my career to have had many wonderful and mixed equations. In the late fifties, at Courant's sugges­ and diverse teaching experiences, and I thank those who have tion she began working under Harold Grad on the math­ given me these opportunities and those who have helped to ematical problems of plasma physics where she showed how a make these experiences successful. collisionless shock could exist without invoking turbulence. I especially thank my current and fo rmer department In 1957 she was appointed to the faculty of the Courant In­ chairs, John Meakin and Jim Lewis, fo r creating a climate stitute. She continued to work in partial differential equa­ that nourishes excellence in both research and teaching. tions, mainly of mixed type but also on the wave equation. There she solved problems of decay by new conservation laws George David Birkhoff Prize and later used the same type of estimates with Ludwig to jus­ in Applied Mathematics tifygeometrical optics in the lit region of a star shaped object. This prize was established in 1967 in honor of George She continued to concentrate on these topics fo r the rest of David Birkhoff. It is awarded fo r an outstanding contribu­ her career. She retired in 1993 and became President of the tion to "applied mathematics in the highest and broadest AMS in 1995 (where she had served as trustee in the 1980s).

Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 15 Cathleen Synge Morawetz was awarded the National beyond the classroom for students. Professionally, 1s one Medal of Science in 1998. of a team of fo ur colleagues who received two FIPSE grants to develop and disseminate materials for the integration of Response fromPro fessorMo rawetz precalculus review with the course in calculus. She is co­ author of the books A Companion to Calculus, now in its sec­ It is a totally unthought of and a wonderful surprise to ond edition, and Quantitative Reasoning: Tools forTod ay's receive the Birkhoff Prize. I am very, very grateful to the two InformedCitiz en, currently in press. Kay Somers continues to societies, AMS and SIAM, fo r choosing me. There are many, be a champion of undergraduate mathematics in EPADEL many people whom I would have liked to thank fo r helping and beyond. me over the years, but I would not have room fo r their names on this page. But one person stands out fo r supporting and Response fromKay Somers encouraging me when I was between the crucial professional ages of23 and 35. I worked part time on my Ph.D., part time I am very honored and delighted to receive the Certifi­ as a postdoc, and I had fo ur children. That person was Rich­ cate of Meritorious Service fr om the MAA. I have greatly ard Courant, the creator of the Courant Institute at New York enjoyed and benefited professionally and personally fr om as­ University where I have been a professor ever since. sociations with my MAAcolleagues at the local, regional, and national levels. I have especially appreciated the opportunity to collaborate with faculty from Moravian College and other EPADEL institutions, to benefit from their experience, to learn things mathematical and non-mathematical from them, Citation for Kay Somers, Eastern and to get to know them personally. Several years ago we cel­ Pennsylvania-Delaware Section (EPA DEL) ebrated the 75th anniversary of the EPADEL Section. As I read the history of the Section and looked at pictures taken

For her years of service to the EPADEL Section and to at our anniversary I realized what rich ua•ulllVLl-' the wider MAA community, it gives us great pleasure to and wonderful "mathematics ancestors" we have in nominate Kay Somers fo r the MAA Certificate of Meritori­ Thank you very much fo r this very special honor. ous Service. Kay has worked in both academia and industry, and this unique perspective on mathematics, together with her cheerful commitment to service, has made her a valued Citation for Ivy Knoshaug, North Central Section member of the mathematics community. Kay has taught mathematics at Moravian College since 1981, chairing her Ivy Knoshaug has been teaching mathematics to college department fr om 1992 to 1998. For a thirteen-year period, and high school students since 1965. She has been a member she served in almost every office of the EPADEL Section, of the faculty at Bemidji State University continuously, including Secretary/Treasurer, Vice President, President, and beginning in 1981. In addition to her current efforts as Governor. She has handled local arrangements for Section Director of the Honors Program, Ivy played a role in the meetings held at Moravian College and fo r several years was success of the Northern Minnesota Mathematics Contest, was responsible fo r the MAA book displays at all Section meet­ a leader in Bemidji State's implementation of graphing ings. Nationally, she has served on MAA committees and calculator technology, and has served on departmental boards, including the Committee on Undergraduate Student and college committees too numerous to mention. She has Activities and Chapters, the Membership Committee, the been a bulwark to her colleagues and an inspiration to Classroom Resource Materials Editorial Board, and the many grateful students. Carl B. Allendoerfer Awards Committee. She is a regular con­ Ivy's contributions to the North Central Section are awe­ tributor to regional and national MAA meetings, presenting inspiring. Whether organizing summer seminars or Section talks and organizing sessions on applied mathematics, quan­ meetings, serving as Newsletter Editor, President, or member titative reasoning, undergraduate teaching, and experiences of the Executive Committee, she is someone we all count on.

16 Newsletter Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 are proud to nominate cate of Meritorious Service. Section bestowed upon Ivy Knoshaug its of Meritorious Service in April, 2001 and Response from Kn oshaug

Distinguished Te aching m 2005. I am grateful to the Pacific Northwest Section fo r select- Ivy Kn oshaug ing me fo r this honor. I much affection fo r MM and admiration fo r its many members who have am deeply honored to receive this award and I time and energy through MM to Central Section fo r nominating me. It has and the teaching of mathematics. to work with many dedicated, talented, and ere­ Through its many programs and conferences, especially in the North Central Section. I thank the Section NExT programs, MM has created auta.LJ"'"' potential fOr future. With continued MM leaders and enthusiastic commit­ newer leaders, I am confident that MM is IPa�'""'��'''""'" for Marjorie Enneking, in good hands. MM enriched my life. I you all Northwest Section thank you.

L�

many m Section owe her a round applause. She was also supportive our Section years. As a consultant, spent valuable time new NExT Fellows

36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 17 It is hard to disagree with them after dipping into lovely through a combinatorial lens. volume. Benjamin and Quinn begin by noting that the num­ to thank, among ber of ways to tile a 1 x n array of squares with Dan are either 1 x 1 or 2 x 1 is exactly the (n + l)th Fibonacci to number. This elementary observation becomes the key to from the contributions discovering and proving just about every Fibonacci identity especially Chris Hanusa Jeremy Rouse. Above I must you've ever heard of by simple counting of tilings. thank my wife Deena, who proofreads everything I write There is something here fo r every fan of counting. For (including this response)! example, do you know how many odd numbers there are in the 76th row of Pascal's Triangle? Do you know what hap­ Biographical Note pens when you reverse the order of the terms in a finite continued fr action? Proofi That Really Count illustrates in Quinn is the recently appointed Executive a magical way the pervasiveness and power of counting Director of the Association fo r Women in Mathematics. She techniques throughout mathematics. It is one of those rare continues her work as co-Editor of Math Horizons and as a books that will appeal to the mathematical professional and Visiting Research Scholar at the University of Puget Sound. seduce the neophyte. Jennifer Quinn earned her B.A., M.S., and Ph.D. from The Becken bach Book Prize is awarded to "distinguished, Williams College, the University of Illinois at Chicago, and innovative MAA books" that are "truly outstanding." The the University of Wisconsin, respectively. Prize Committee can think of no better adjectives to describe For the past twelve years, she taught at Occidental Col­ Proofi That Really Count except, possibly, charming. lege, rising to the rank of full professor and serving as depart­ ment chair. In 2001, she was awarded the MAA Southern Biographical Note California Section Award fo r Distinguished Teaching and in 2005, Occidental College's Graham L. Sterling Award fo r Arthur Benjamin earned B.S. in Applied Excellence. She on the boards of the ics from Carnegie Mellon and his in Mathematical trum Book Mathematics Magazine, and the Phi Beta Sciences from Johns Hopkins. Since 1989, he has taught at Kappa Alumni Association of Southern California.

Harvey Mudd College, where he is currently Professor of m Washington, her Mark Martin, a Mathematics and past Chair. microbial geneticist, bookends Anson and Zachary. Along with Jennifer Quinn, Art Benjamin is co-Editor of Math Horizons magazine. Currently, he is Governor of Responsefrom Je nnifer Quinn the Southern California-Nevada Section of MAA and has served as Editor of the Spectrum Book Series and on the edi­ Writing a book and having it published originally seemed torial boards of Mathematics Magazine and UMAP unimaginable. But by working on the Spectrum editorial board journal. In 2000, he received the MAA's Haimo Award for and seeing how books get published through the MAA, it Distinguished College Teaching. In addition to spending became remotely possible. A deep love of the material plus time with his wife and two daughters, he enjoys playing encouragement fr om colleagues, students, family, and fr iends backgammon, watching live theatre, racing calculators, and made it a reality. be awarded the Beckenbach Book Prize performing magic. is a lifetime accomplishment beyond my wildest dreams. For me, Art's description of our book as a "labor of Response fromArt hur Benjamin love" is more meaningful than he may have intended. We began writing while I was on maternity leave with my It is an honor and a privilege to receive this award. son, Anson. Publication with the birth of Writing this book was a labor of love fo r Jenny and me, and my second son, Zachary. They will fo rever be my bookends I am pleased that so many people enjoy viewing the world to this work.

18 Newsletter Volume 36, Number 2 " March-April 2006 Undergrad Advisors: Mette Olufsen, Hien Tr an and Laura Ellwein, MAA North Carolina State University Poster Session Analysis of Micro array Data Us ing Monte Carlo Ne ural Networks MAA Undergraduate Poster Session was held on Patricia A. Carey, East Te nnessee State University AWM was among the organizations supporting Advisor: Jeff Knisley, East Te nnessee State University rhe session. Many of the 37 prize-winning posters were pre­ or co-presented by women, including our Schafer The Effi ct of Immune Response and Combination Drug honorable mention winner, Ellen Gasparovic. The listing is Treatment on the Progression of Multi-Strain HIV m by poster number. Kelly Rose Smith, Clarion University ofPA Advisor: Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Arizona State University, Structure of Zero-Divisor Graphs Mathematical and Theoretical Biology Institute A. Hauser, Natalia Cordova and Clyde Gholston, Summer Undergraduate Mathematical Sciences Modeling of the Growth of the Loosening Zone around Research Institute a Borehole Using Integro-DiffirentialEquations Advisor: Reza Akhtar, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio La'Nita D. Ward, Spelman College Advisor: Alla Balueva, Spelman College

�

Erika '--'dHla,LwJ, Marymount University State with 4 6 and 5 x Rectangles Rachell Ashley Frances Cabrera, Rochester Institute ofTechnology Advisor: Darren A. Narayan, Rochester Institute Wittenberg University of Technology Richard Rebarber, University Alcohol'sEffi ct on Ne uron fzring Graph Representations forsiRN A Sequence Structure Edna Susan Joseph, University of the Virgin Islands Lostritto, Brown University Advisors: Stephen Wirkus and Erika Camacho, Stanley Dunn, Rutgers University Applied Mathematical Sciences Summer Institute

LucucLrw Circular Inclusions Within a Bounded Region Polytopes, Toric and Ideals: M. Spring, Mount Holyoke College A Look at Py ramids and Prisms Kurt Bryan, Rose-Hulman Institute ofTechnology Lisa D. Byrne, St. Mary's College of Maryland Advisor: Jessica Sidman, Mount Holyoke College Rate Regulation During the Postural Change Sitting to Standing On the Frequency and Generationof Sturmian W Benim, University of Portland, Sarah and One-Dimensional Cut Project Sequences Meredith College and Eamonn Tw eedy, Kensey L. Riley, Tr uman State University Carolina State University Advisor: David Garth, Tr uman State University

36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Newsletter 19 I AWM

Workshop speakers Rachel Levy and Gizem Karaali

Dawn Lott, Carolyn Green, Catherine Roberts

Photo below: Noether lunch Seated around table: Judith Armes, Barbara Keyfitz, Ingrid Daubechies, Mary Beth Ruskai, Mary Gray,

Susan Friedlander. Standing fro nt: Sandra Hayes, Workshop speaker Irene M. Gamba, Chuu-Lian Te rng, Cyn thia Rudin, Megumi Harada Shumei Richman, Jean Taylor, Christine Bennett, Bettye Anne Case. Standing back: Svettana Katok, Te rry Jo Leiterman explaining her Wo rkshop poster Lenore Blum, Ruth Fa vro . to Cathy Kessel

20 Newsletter Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 dinner At the Workshop

Below: Beth Campbe/1-Hetrick at her Workshop poster

at her Wo rkshop poster

Workshop speaker Kirsten Eisentrager

Sarah Bailey at her Workshop poster AWM President (Barbara Keyfitz), Managing Director (Jennifer Lewis), and Executive Director (Jenny Quinn)

Volume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Ne wsletter 21 Lie Sphere Tra nsformations A Ne wton Polyhedron Methodfor Ex plicit Calculation of the Igusa Ellen K. Gasparovic, College of the Holy Cross Local Zeta Function Associated with a Degenerate Po lynomial Advisor: Thomas Cecil, College of the Cross Adrienne B. Rau, Barnard College, Columbia University Advisor: Margaret Robinson, Mount Holyoke College Nimber Sequences with no Preperiodfor Three-Element Subtraction Sets In Search of an 8: Rank Computations Brittany C. Shelton, Montclair State University on a Familyof Quartic Curves Advisor: Michael Jones, Montclair State Kathleen Ansaldi, Loyola College of Maryland Advisor: Edray Purdue University

Girls Just Want science. No w see ... Should I major in "fomistry" or "ga!gebra"? [The Simpsons GABF12: Future-Drama] to Have Sums Jeff: It was fo r the Future-Drama episode where Lisa was State going to Yale and we were talking about what Yale was going to be like in future, and the whole women in math The Simpsons is the sitcom all was at the of our brains at that point. and it is also one of the most television programs on the air, containing many references to subject matter and ars from various academic fields, including mathematics. Jeff: Yes, exactly.... So we were thinking, "Well boys won't be Andrew Nestler and I have fo und that anymore and they'll teaching

contains our use

way, so it was

we probably came to an lilLLl'-·" place, I hope. Lisa does a

grade.

sodes The Simpsons fo llows. smart, but ....

Sarah: You mentioned that the "galgebra'' joke is yours. Stu Burns writer on The Simpsons, who has a How did that come about? degree in mathematics from UC Berkeley) and I to try and shoehorn in the Konigsberg Lisa is examining a Yale Course Catalogue: It's so tour problem. So Stu and I spent about a half an hour that Yale man to get that into a simple joke, but didn't manage.

22 2006 classroom environments. Lisa Simpson, who has always been portrayed as intelli­ gent and good at mathematics and sci­ ence in addition to other subjects, wanted to work on problems instead of embrac­ ing the cooperative learning environment fo und in the girls' class, and so she peered into the boys' classroom window to work on the boys' problems fromthere. Regard­ less of the final product, this episode is sure to be a great opportunity fo r contin­ ued discussion about women in math­ ematics, and a chance to expose a large viewing public to some of the related is­ sues. The title of the episode parodies the title of Cyndi Lauper's song Girlsjust 1Vtint to Have Fun. Look for The Simpsons epi­ sode Girlsjust 1Vtint Haveto Sums to air in the Spring or Fall of 2006.

Jeff Westbrook and Sarah Greenwald

Sarah: Oh .... Sorry to hear that. Acknowledgements

Jeff: Oh don't give up .... We will keep fighting fo r that Greenwald, Sarah J (2005). A Futurama Math Conversation somehow or other. with Dr. JeffWestbrook. Available: http: I jwww. math sci. appstate .ed u I �sjgj futu ram a /jeffwestb roo kinte rvi ew. htm Sarah: Cool! I

Greenwald, Sarah J (2005). SimponsMath.com: Jeff: So there is that coming up. We have an evolution Girlsjust 1Vtint Haveto Sums. episode coming up too. Available: http:/;www. mathsci .appstate.eduj�sjgj simpsonsmathjsums.html Sarah: When might these appear? Greenwald, Sarah J and Nestler, Andrew (2005). Jeff: These are all season 17, so they'll be appearing probably SimpsonsMath. com. next spring, I would guess. Stuart wrote the evolution epi­ Available: http:/;www. simpsonsmath .com sode. That was really a lot easier to write, to be quite honest. It was much easier to take the correct ideological position Lauper, Cyndi (1983). Girlsjust 1VtintTo Have Fun. on that than the women in math stuff. The Simpsons™ and copyright Tw entieth Century Fox and its related companies. This article, its operators, and A few months later, Jeffsho wed us portions of a prelimi­ any content contained relating to The Simpsons are nary "animatic," pictures of a storyboard synchronized with not specifically authorized by Fox. Available: http:/I the soundtrack, from the upcoming women and mathemat­ www.thesimpsons.comjindex.html ics episode that he mentioned in the interview. The amusing animatic revealed separate girls and boys mathematics Westbrook, Jeff(20 05). Personal Communication.

Vo lume 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 Ne wsletter 23 students create and develop knowledge of science, based on Book Review their phrase "connecting girls" in the title idea that relationships are central to Book Review girls women" that involving m sc1ence KS requires relating science to their everyday lives. Howes reports on students' construction of knowl- edge, but it is knowledge about the uses of science, the prac­ tice medicine, and the social structure of the scientific Of course, the students are learning about science itself; their discussions about prenatal testing, for ex- ample, on their knowledge processes of genet- ics. But is no indication of the of the theories of

Elaine Howes is an educator lS by her constructivism and fe minism in teaching this basic science. nism and her commitment to imperative "science fo r Chapter 2 reports on class discussions about prenatal test­ all." She worked in a scientific laboratory before -.w''""'u"' ing. The girls tend to digress to general talk about babies.

Ph.D. program in education. \V hile a (They consistently refer to embryos and fetuses as babies.) was a part-time high school science They express distaste or even disgust at the images that came faculty at the University up in studying this topic. They express interest in statistics: reliability of sex prediction by ultrasound, quantification of risk to fetuses with amniocentesis. teacher actually chides the worrying about statistics. (Later she regrets that, to a certain Throughout the discussion that is Howes to pose questions, bur does not There is no

A common assertion reformers is to attract more girls to science we must stress the "real-world" Howes suggests that girls and women par­ sciences because it

from constructivism ll'-'·"''�"- it is more closely tied

role is to .__,u ...can. �..-, [p. 18]. This reflects the

lvewsletter 36, Number 2 • March-April 2006 view of our world as primarily a biological world, and and men scientists "would get the job done equally well,"

"'"''uc,vv a distaste fo r mathematics on her part. When stu- but that feel differently in their work. Student to the prenatal on their images of steers them away. There is scam scientists, and the characteristics

�Lu·u�'"0 (even girls!) may want to study science (and math­ to good scientists. As far as we know they have not

'""''a"•�v, because they want to know in a fu ndamental, and even observed scientists at work or learned about the institutions way how the world works, from the molecular to the sctence.

Lv,,anJ'v·�''-'u level. (She ignores-no, denies [p.23]-the in- The students did writing assignments, once early and of numbers of women in mathematics and physics.) once later in the semester, on the following questions. question the oft-repeated adage that girls have a prefer­ applied science over basic science, fo r • What do you think it means to be a "good scientist"? have more direct application to Computer

JLl\.AH-L Professor Lenore Blum moved to Carnegie '" Do you that you have the traits of a "good sci- the School of Computer Science changed its entist"? Why, why not, some yes, some no? policies. By broadening the skills and

"''L'uu.u used as admissions criteria, the School went from • the end of the semester) Have your ideas changed 0% to over 30% women. a program at since the beginning of year or the semes-

the new batch women m program. ter? explain how and why they have or have evidence that women are more oriented towards not changed. [p. 35] "To say that

LU'-''-ULJ felt scientists should be motivated by "doing good." But Howes is struck by the students' "insis­ tence on objectivity and scientific method" 112]. She ex-

Let us not discount of scientific accumulated and over hundreds of years, a " supported scientists. If we we may design into

2006 25 That covers one aspect of 497 courses-their raison d'etre Education Column and the benefits we hope accrue from them. Of another I gave a above: they're fun to teach. Part of Column Editor Ginger Warfield, Department of Mathe­ reason is the students, who tend to be interesting and matics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195; interested. Another part is the required course or warfield@math. washington .edu rather the lack thereof. What is required is a topic that has genuine mathematical content, requires thinking but 497 & Math History doesn't rely on pieces of mathematics that may have devel­ This is going to be a slightly disjointed column. I spent oped rust if a teacher has been in the K-12 classroom fo r a a considerable amount of time vacillating on the question of couple of decades, and is engaging enough to keep people which of two aspects of the topic at hand to emphasize, and awake fo r three hours at the end of a full day. In other in the end I decided on both. Stylistically ill-advised, but works, it needs to be something the instructor can really both deserve attention. enjoy teaching-what a demand! It can even be something The topic in question is a course I just had the good about which one knows a bit but wants to know a lot more. fortune to teach on the history of mathematics. The first as­ Most of the Graph Theory I know carne from an early 497 pect worthy of the ink is the context fo r the course. A decade class, and a colleague became very happily tied up in Knot ago one of my colleagues who frequently teaches courses fo r Theory. Recently (and here's where we switch to the other future high school mathematics teachers became conscious aspect) I opted to teach a 497 class on History of Mathe­ that while we encourage all teachers to be life-long learners, matics and as a result became a complete convert to teach­ once these fo lks graduated we were offering nothing to aid ing both about it and with it. that learning-every one of our courses that might be of in­ Given that I chose to teach it, I clearly was not converted terest met during regular high school hours. He persuaded from an adverse position. In fact, I have long been interested the department to set up a series of one-quarter courses, all and wished I knew more. In the past few years this interest called Math 497, that would meet once a week fo r nearly was reinforced by the group of mathematicians who have three hours in the late afternoon. This produced a three been advocating the uses history and by one colleague in credit course it is physically possible for an in-service specific who demonstrated some of them. In the midst teacher to attend, and over the years many have done so. The of a perennially oversubscribed calendar, however, kind course is also open to regular students and has attracted a of wanting to know more doesn't cut much ice. Enter Math fair variety of them, as well as some community college fac­ 497. Afterthinking about it fo r a couple of months and weath­ ulty members. My favorite blend is about one third in-service ering a few bouts of cold feet, I submitted a course title of teachers, one third undergraduates majoring in mathematics "Where did all this mathematics come from?" and the die for high school teachers and one third a motley collection was cast. from all around campus, with a community college teacher The decision once made, the question then was how or two thrown in. It makes fo r a wealth of perspectives to balance survey and depth, information absorption and and some really good conversations among the students. relevant activity. In this I was greatly helped by two books. Recently, for a variety of reasons, enrollment of in­ The first was A Concise History of Mathematics, by Dirk service teachers has declined somewhat. Given limited Struik. I fo und it before I committed myself to the teaching, resources, the question of the course's continuation has to and fo und it admirable for showing the sweep of events be addressed. We've held out, though, partly on the basis of and the spirit of the different ages and cultures. The other a slightly abstract but highly relevant consideration: as a de­ was From Five Fingers to Infinity by Frank Swetz. That one partment we are committed to supporting the K- 12 system. turned out to be out of print, but Amazon.com did us proud, We look hard fo r meaningful ways to accomplish that and and eventually everybody had a copy. It consists of 114 have had some success. Math 497 represents a quiet but solid brief chapters, most of them reprints of articles in the NCTM way of conveying that support. journal, Mathematics Teacher, and each giving a fo cused

26 Ne wsletter Volume 36, Number 2 " March-April 2006 some specific topic-the work of a particular fo r the service with an abundance of new problems that may development of some mathematical concept. occupy the pure fo r generations." Those who were not of students were responsible fo r reading a blown away by the metaphor produced some good insights. and choosing one to present to the As should be clear, I had a lovely time with all this. I also the strict requirement that they must learned a tremendous amount, including how much more I something to do, not just report out in­ would like to know. Along with that, I have become ever results were generally good and occasionaliy more convinced that elements of history can enrich and They also maintained (by assignment) an ongo­ enliven almost any mathematics course. I have even managed discussion at a class e-Post, which ranged from to get my toe in the water on that: Euler and Egyptian to the impressively thoughtful. A major project multiplication were both quite well received, and I have an the opportunity to delve more deeply into some eagle eye out fo r my next opportunity. For the take-home final I wanted them to look And to top it all off, I finallyknow the answer to a ques­ the mathematical developments they had seen tion that has been bugging me for years: how did the Romans so I asked them to inspect it all through the lens of manage to carry out multiplication and division with such an statement, made in Mathematics, Queen and Ser­ incredibly cumbersome numerical system? Answer: they didn't. "The pure serves the applied, the applied pays They did it all on an abacus and just wrote down the result!

I M-2006, Madrid, August 22-30

AWM lvfeetings Coordinator Other offerings will include the documentary film "The Madrid Interviews" made in 1996 under EWM auspices, likely update, we'd like to remind you that a link from to be scheduled fo r 18:00, Monday, August 28; it may be page fo r the upcoming International Congress possible to arrange a photograph exhibition. http:/jwww. icm2006.orgjpaginasj At least 14 invited lecturers have been identified as women. description of some ae­ Several of them will participate on the panel discussion, in­ on Other cluding Michelle Ve rgne, a member of the group planning these activities and the only woman is a plenary lecturer. Panelists who have already agreed to speak represent five con­ Women in Mathematics tinents, by place of childhool or education and/or current

the tradition at each ICM since 197 4, a job! They include Ve rgne, Laura Fainsilber, Bryna Kra, Isabel group of women is organizing special activities. The Salgado Laboriau, Chuu-Lian Te rng, and Doreen Thomas. Emmy Noether Lecture, the first time an in- panel discussion will be 18:00, Friday, August 25.

There will also be a panel discus­ Will you attend ICM-2006? sion about women working in mathematics, and other events. Women from around the world, including If you have tentative or definite plans to attend, we'll members of the European Women in Mathematics keep you up-to-date on activities being planned by a group and the Association for Women in Mathemat­ 25 women from around the world. We expect to get a are participating in this planning; infor­ listserv set up soon to expand participation beyond the pre­ mation will be available on their websites as plan- liminary organizing group; please send your comments and best e-mail address to [email protected].

2 " March-April 2006 Newsletter 27 In Memoriam Claudia Zaslavsky

Janet L .. Andersen release Claudia advanced the study of the links hPr"Tf"'"r u.ldlHt:JlHauu, world cultures, Dr. L. died on January at the age of 89 pan- College, was killed in an creatic cancer. 24, 2005. There were Ms. Zaslavsky was born in New York City and always snow at the time of the attributed her interest in the application of Andersen had been scheduled to speak in at to her as a child helping in her AWM Workshop at the San Antonio parents goods store in Allentown, Pennsylvania. She "The Hope College community mourns Dr. Andersen's studied mathematics at Hunter College and the University death," said Hope College President E. Bultman. "Our Michigan. Her interest in mathematics in African sympathy goes to the Andersen family. culture developed when she was a teacher at Wo odlands teacher, a superb administrator and "'"''-" '0"'­ School in Hartsdale, New and sought materials She will be greatly missed." African-American to

Andersen, 47, joined the Hope �"'H'-'"-' cultural heritage. Carry- She earned her bachelor's degree

Longview, TX and �PC'P"'�" from the University of Minnesota.

Technology featured in the book

28 Newsletter 2006 are underrepresented in the world mathematics, in- - ADVERTISEMENTS - uuu'"''"' women and people cultures, own struggles in the professions during fo rmative years in the and 1940s. She was also a lifelong activist in move­ AW M fo r civil rights, peace and social justice. Her last ASSOCIATION was to listen to a recording of Paul Robeson, a life­ FOR WOMEN IN hero fo r his progressive activism. MATHEMATICS A bibliography is located at www.math.binghamton.edu/ zaslavjcz.biblio.html. A Google search will also give an Any job openings in HltHL

"J""'-'�c or University UC Davis Award in 1990. research contributions were in on more see www.msri.org; analysis and fu nctions. In recent years, about/jobs/director. Applications the mathematics underlying properties of convex, or spiral shapes. 1,

1VP1nflr1/t/ article by MSRI is an next issue of this newsletter.

2 • March-April 2006 29 - ADVERTISEMENTS -

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Princeton, New Jersey 08540 From Zero to Infinity What Makes Numbers Interesting SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS 50TH ANNIVERSARY EDITION The Institute fo r Advanced Study invites applications fo r the position of professor in the School of Mathematics. Candidates must have distinguished records of achievement in mathematical research. The professors in the Institute's School of Mathematics are collectively responsible fo r main­ taining a strong program of research through their own work and also by selecting a number of visiting members every year. Applications, including curriculum vitae and list of publications, should be addressed to M. Hayes, School Ad­ ministrative Officer (FP), School of Mathematics, Institute fo r Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540. An equal op­ portunity employer: women and minority group members Consta nce Reid are encouraged to apply. $19.95; paperback; 210 pp.

No one today writes about mathematics and mathematicians with more grace, knowledge, skill, and clarity than Constance Reid. -MARTIN GARDNER, 2006 Cornell author of Mathematical Games To pologyFesti val From Zero to Infinity is a sequence of rare beauty, a drama built out of nothing Cornell University • Ithaca, NY, but numbers-and imagination. 18-21 May, 2006 -FREEMAN DYSON, Institute fo r Advanced Study Speakers: Noel Brady, Gunnar Carlsson, Thomas Farrell,

With sly wit, Reid offers a quirky, Soren Galatius, Robert Ghrist, Jesper Grodal, insightful romp through the fa scinating Maurice Herlihy, Tara Holm, Martin Kassabov, realm of numbers. Lee Mosher, Nathalie Wa hl -IVARS PETERSON, Science News

This year's fe stival includes a concentration of talks in From Zero to Infinity is one of the books algebraic topology. There will be two introductory that turned me on to math when I was in high school. Heartily recommended! lectures and a panel discussion. Financial support is -IAN STEWART, author of Math Hysteria available - young researchers are especially encour- aged to apply. For registration and further details see the fe stival web page: www.akpeters .com http:/;www. math .cornell.edu/-festiva l/

30 Newsletter Vo lume 36, Number 1 • January-February 2006 2006 Membership Form

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