Fulbright N E w s L E T T E R ASSOCIATION Vol. XVI No.2

Nelson Mandela Wins First J.William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding

n October 1 the Fulbright Association awarded the first J.William Fulbright Prize O for International Understanding to Nelson R. Mandela. The prize, which carries a $50,000 award, is made possible through a grant from The Coca-Cola Foundation. President's Re ort

By Michael S. DeLucia

n December 31, I complete my sec­ Board of Directors is committed to this a second phase of their development by ond term as president of the goal. Of special interest to me is the plan­ defining specific projects. O Fulbright Association's Board of ning for the 50th anniversary of the From a financial point of view, the associ­ Directors. It has been a very productive and Fulbright Program in 1996. I hope that all ation is healthier and more stable than at enjoyable two years; now is an appropriate members will step forward with ideas on any point in its history. The association has time to reflect on the condition of the asso­ ways to celebrate this milestone in the pro­ now purchased new computer equipment, ciation and the direction in which it is gram's history. hired new personnel, and undertaken more headed. On a personal note, this year has been extensive support to chapters. very satisfying for me. Membership in the Fulbright Association The 88th birthday cele­ reached its high point in 1993. Because of bration for Senator major efforts to recruit new members over Fulbright in May 1993 the last two years, the association now has saw an emotional trib­ approximately 3,500 members. The growth ute to the Senator by of the association's membership is due pri­ President Bill Clinton marily to the determined efforts of Jane and by the Senator's Anderson, our executive director. family, personal associ­ I would like to add a special word about ates, and current and Jane Anderson and about the Board of former Fulbrighters Directors. It has been a pleasure to work from around the globe. with Jane these past two years. She has The awarding of the remarkable enthusiasm and talent and has Presidential Medal of helped the association develop on so many Freedom to Senator levels . Of particular importance has been Fulbright was a moving her work on the annual conferences and the climax for the occasion. tribute to Senator Fulbright. Without her The awarding of the efforts, these projects would not have been first J. William Fulbright possible.

Nelson R. Mandela and Michael S. DeLucia, Fulbright Association President.

The association's mission is as important Prize for International today as ever before: to preserve and Understanding to advance the legacy of Senator J. William Nelson Mandela in Fulbright and the Fulbright Program. The October marked the culmination of three The Fulbrighters Newsletter of the years of hard work by Fulbright Association is published four the association. Both times a year. Material for publication on of these events have the subjects of international exchange, brought praise to the international education, and alumni association and reaf­ Fulbright Association Executive DirectorJane L. Anderson and activities, as well as news and reports of firmed its credibility Mr. Mandela. host countries and institutions, should and its mission. be sent to the editor. On an organizational level, two of the Finally, the Board of Directors includes a association's task forces have shown sub­ broad cross section of Fulbrighters, and it Jane L. Anderson stantial growth these past two years and has made these past two years very Fulbright Association have identified distinct missions and con­ productive. My successor, Maurizio 1307 New Hampshire Ave., NW stituencies: the East Central European Task Gianturco, will find both talent and energy Washington, DC 20036 Force and the AIDS Task Force. Each is on the board and an eagerness to work on Copyright© 1993 mobilizing the talents of Fulbrighters who behalf of the Fulbright ideal. My best wish­ Fulbright Association have expertise in these areas. It is my hope es go to Maurizio, the board, and Jane in that in 1994 both task forces will move into 1994.

2 The Fulbri ht Prize Idea

By Stanley N. Katz

ince I was not its originator, I think I changed dramatically since 1946. am in a position to argue that the My actual experience in chairing the SJ. William Fulbright Prize for selection committee confirmed me in International Understanding has been a these thoughts. The committee was very good idea. geographically diverse and composed of men and women with very different life experiences. We were not able to have a face to face meeting (for reasons of cost and timing), but we achieved consensus more rapidly than I would have thought possible. I was, frankly, amazed that five people in four countries would have so many common selections on their first ballot and a solid consensus on the sec­ ond. It seems to me that in read­ ing the remarkable mountain of nomination papers, we were moved to very similar thoughts about the meaning of interna­ Mr. Mandela and FulbrightAssocation President­ tional understanding at this Elect Maurizio A. Gianturco. Stanley N. Katz speakson the Fulbright Prize at the 16th moment in human history. annual conference. I believe that the association nership - with the governments of our was honored by Nelson Mandela - nations, with our internationalist corporate Like most of the Fulbrighters who are not only in accepting the award, but in partners, with non-governmental organiza­ active participants in the association and its speaking so movingly about our common tions, and with individuals and groups state chapters, I have been concerned to "let concerns in his acceptance speech. It would everywhere in the world devoted to activi­ the word go forth" about the Fulbright have been heartening to have received even ties in the Fulbright spirit. Program . The leadership of the national more publicity about the Fulbright Prize, The point, I trust, is not to try to bask in association and, increasingly, those who but current events in South Africa overtook the glory shining upon Bill Fulbright and direct the state and local groups, struggle us. But Mr. Mandela noticed, as did the Nelson Mandela, but to use its reflected constantly with the problem. All too often, State Department and the United States intensity to examine the cause to which we however, we find ourselves addressing our Information Agency. are mutually committed. fellow Fulbrighters, repeating safe pieties, I hope (and think) that the Fulbright preaching to the choir. Prize, if continued, will set in motion a very I have long felt that we needed to develop important international process of continu­ new strategies not only for extending the al redefinition of the contemporary mean­ program among our countrymen and for ing of mutual international understanding. 1994 maintaining the unique appeal of the It is a symbol of our commitment to part- Fulbright ideal outside the United Fulbright Prize States, but also for urging the renewal of the ideal itself. he Fulbright Association will When I was asked to chair the selec­ call for nominations for the tion committee, I thought long and second J. William Fulbright hard about what the Fulbright Prize T Prize for International Understanding might mean for the development of early in 1994. All association mem­ international understanding. It seemed bers will receive nomination guide­ to me that it might help us break out of lines and forms. The prize will be the box by making a statement that awarded on September 30, 1994, in a would be heard 'round the world. ceremony during which the laureate It would inevitably draw attention to will address the association's mem­ our mentor, Senator Fulbright, while bership at the annual conference. The he was still actively engaged in pro­ 1994 prize is made possible by a grant moting mutual understanding. It from The Coca-Cola Foundation, the would, above all, provide a genuinely philanthropic arm of The Coca-Cola multilateral, international mechanism Company. for the continuing redefinition of the Fulbright AssociationPrize CommitteeChairman John Fulbright ideal in a world that has B. Hurford and Mr. Mandela.

3 Nelson R. Mandela

orn on July 18, 1918, Nelson R. tioned the Supreme Court in 1954 to strike ban on him had not been immediately Mandela enrolled in 1939 at Fort Mr. Mandela from the attorneys' roll renewed. The conference elected a national BHare University College, one of the because of his involvement in the defiance action committee to press for a national few places in South Africa where Africans campaign. convention to decide South Africa's future could pursue university education. He was Mr. Mandela was still banned in 1955 democratically. expelled in his third year for organizing a when the Congress of the People brought In 1961 Mr. Mandela and others set student boycott of the Student 3,000 delegates from all over the up an armed wing of the ANC to Representative Council after the authorities county to consider the press for change through acts of sab­ had deprived it of its powers. Freedom otage strictly targeted at installa­ In 1940 Mr. Mandela went to tions and not people. Mr. Mandela Johannesburg to complete his was forced underground in a fresh studies at the round of arrests and traveled University of the secretly throughout the country Witwatwersrand, and abroad. He was captured in where he earned a Harwick, Natal, on August 5, law degree. He stayed ·n 1962. in Alexandra township [6 £}fitj\.ssociatw To prevent publication or quo­ amid the poverty, over­ tation of his words, he was crowding, exclusion, 'Tfteru rt ud w present banned while in prison. In and harassment that is pro . November 1962 he was sen­ Africans faced in South tenced to five years hard labor, Africa; he worked in the . ruf6rigfitprize having been charged with mines, there too living in inciting Africans in 1961 and appalling conditions with rf /ieJ. 'Wi~l vwferstandirt£1 leaving the country without other migrant workers. valid travel documents. He In 1944 Mr. Mandela JorI nterriatto was imprisoned on Robben joined the African National to Island. Congress, working to In 1963 Mr. Mandela was found its Youth League, brought from prison to dedicated to mass action stand trial with other ANC based on strikes, boycotts, ,..refson ~ 1vf_arufefa leaders on charges of sabo­ and civil disobedience. In :J'l.5 l 1993 tage and attempted over­ 1949, one year after the white ocw6er ' throw of the government. National Party was voted into They were found guilty power by an almost exclusive- ,.11anitionof and sentenced to life in ly white electorate on a policy In re\,Vo . w prison. Although Mr. of consolidating and extending ·6utiortS . Mandela faced brutal apartheid, the ANC adopted a fiis contrt ( uruferstarufirtg conditions in prison program of action along such and his family was lines. ·rig r,iutua subjected to severe Two years later the ANC jurtfteri amortBpeopl:es harassment, he man­ brought democratic organizations aged to smuggle together to form the Campaign for notes from prison the Defiance of Unjust Laws. Mr. encouraging the Mandela was appointed volunteer­ struggle against in-chief and was among 3,500 peo­ injustice. ple arrested for deliberately break­ In 1985, faced with the ing laws enforcing segregation . He widespread resistance which prompted received a nine-month suspended it to declare the state of emergency, the sentence. Charter, adopted South African government offered to In 1952 Mr. Mandela set up his by unanimous acclamation. Mr. release Mr. Mandela on the condition that legal practice in Johannesburg in part­ Mandela was among 156 people associated he renounce his commitment to the ANC's nership with Oliver Tambo, then ANC with the Congress of the People who were armed struggle. He had rejected previous national chairman, defying authorities by arrested on December 5, 1956, and charged offers made on the condition that he live in refusing to move offices from the city cen­ with treason. When the trial ended in early the Transkei bantustan. In 1989 he met ter to a black township. The government 1961, South Africa was about to become a State President P.W. Botha, and later met banned Mr. Mandela and 51 other people republic ruled by the white minority and F.W. de Klerk, Mr. Botha's successor. in 1952; although that order expired in based on apartheid. On February 11, 1990, Mr. Mandela was 1953, he was banned for the second time Mr. Mandela, under successive banning freed unconditionally. In July 1991, at the after opposing forced removals from orders for nine years, delivered the main first national conference since the party Sophiatown and Western Areas in South speech at a conference attended by 1,400 was banned in 1960, Mr. Mandela was Africa . The Transvaal Law Society peti- African delegates, when the most recent elected ANC president.

4 Fulbright Prize Address Nelson Mandela Speaksto Fulbrighters

Editor's Note - Thefollowing is a transcript oppressed people in South Africa . of Mr. Mandela's address. Among the considerations that loomed largest in my mind was the July I turned 75. And a day or two knowledge that in our country, the before that, I met a young lady of about law was employed not as an instru­ our or five years, and she asked me ment to afford the ordinary citizen 1 protection and extend his or her some pointed questions. She asked, "How old are you?" I said rights, but was instead the princi­ "Well, I can't remember but I was born' pal means of our subjugation. As long, long ago." a young law student, it was one She said, "A year ago?" I said, "No, more of my ambitions to try to use than that." "Two years ago?" I said, "No, my professional training to longer than that." help to tilt the balance in "But when were you born?" I said, "Well favor of the disenfran­ I've told you I can't remember, but it was a chised. long time ago." Over a number of Then she suddenly switched and said, years, I came to the "Why did you go to jail?" I said, "I didn't realization that even go there because I liked [it], some people with the best will in sent me there." the world, it is utterly "Who?" I said, "People who don't like impossible to admin­ me ." "And how long did you remain ister justly laws which there?" I said," Again I can't remember but are intrinsically ~!was a long time ." She again repeated, unjust. It was not for O~e year, two years?" And I said, "No, I lack of trying on the part cant remember." of many of our country's Then there came a very devastating com­ brightest and best lawyers that ment on her part which will put into con­ we saw the rights of South African text the glowing remarks which have been citizens steadily being eroded and made here. When I couldn't tell her exactly nullified. when I was born, she said, "You are a fool­ Whatever legal expertise we could ish old man, aren't you?" marshall to identify loopholes and If anyone of us is credited with a vision ambiguities in the law that favored the you must remember the remarks of that ' rights of our people was rendered use­ young lady. And if my remarks here con­ less by a process of lawmaking struc­ firm what that young lady said, I hope tured you'll not be as frank. to entrench racial privilege and I consider it a great honor to be standing exclude the majority of South Africans before you today to receive the J. William on account of our race. We waged a Fulbright Prize for International rearguard action against a vastly Understand~ng. I count it also a great privi­ superior lege to be with you on the occasion of the adversary who unrelentingly Fulbright Association's 16th annual confer­ pounded our trenches and deplet­ ence. In expressing my heartfelt apprecia­ ed ranks with one repressive tion of this accolade bestowed on me, I am statute after not unmindful of the responsibilities one another. assumes. It was that knowledge and experience that shaped and con­ Unjust Laws firmed my basic belief that in As a young man I, like a number of my the absence of a democratic con­ colleagues, chose the law as my profession­ stitution, justice through the al career because of our experience as an law was an elusive objective.

5 "'I

Political Philosophy & Values democracy in South Africa. It was my From its birth in 1912, African commitment to these selfsame values nationalism in South Africa, embod­ that persuaded me to oppose with all ied in the movement with which I my strength, with all the strength I have been associated since 1943, could muster, any political arrange­ embraced a number of values, princi­ ments that would result in the domi­ ples, and ideals which have been the nation of either the minority by the key pillars of its political philosophy. majority or the majority by the The history of the 20th century has minority . put these core values to their severest Experience and the three decades of test, and it is a testament of their struggle that preceded my arrival on intrinsic worth that despite the ebb the political scene had taught us that and flow of history they are now without the democratic empower­ more universally accepted than nine­ ment of those who have historically ty years ago. borne the burden of oppression, The values our movement adopted racial discrimination and exclusion, are firmly rooted in the political cul­ the democratic transformation of ture of human rights linked to the South Africa would not be possible. political revolutions of the late 18th century, not least of which is the Costs of the Struggle American Revolution which gave Though many in our country, birth to this republic. After the including those who opposed and Second World War, through the attempted to repress us, today lay adoption of the Universal Declaration claim to these principles, during the of Human Rights, humanity accepted 1940's and until quite recently, they this human rights culture as its com­ carried an extremely high price . mon heritage . Future generations will be amazed to The 1940's, the decad e during learn that despite the self-evident which I entered national politics, was truth expressed in these principles, notable in two respects - the defeat they have had to be attained at the of fascism in Europe and the com­ cost of so many lives. In South Africa mencement of the process of libera­ alone, thousands, including children tion of the colonized and oppressed as young as 10 and 13, have lost their people throughout the world. We lives to make them a reality . drew inspiration from both these The lives of thousands and upon momentous changes and sought to thousands of families have been make them part of the political cul­ wrecked and destroyed by those who ture of our own country . have sought to repress and smother Reduced to their essentials, the val­ the voice of freedom. Despite the ues which I have fought to realize in costly sacrifices it has entailed, none my lifetime are: of us who joined the struggle for lib­ Firstly, that governments must eration regret having made that derive their authority from the con­ choice. We did what our consciences sent of the governed; dictated we must do - not for per­ Second, that no person or group of sonal gain or material reward - but persons should be subjected to because these are goals that are noble oppression, domination or discrimi­ and worthy. nation by virtue of his or her race, gender, color or religious beliefs; Democracy in South Africa Three, that all persons should enjoy One often hears the plea that we security in their persons and their must forget the past and focus on the goods against intrusions by secular future. I have made that plea on or clerical authority; countless occasions since I came out Four, that all persons should enjoy of prison. And I repeat that the best the right to life, unfettered by imposi­ way to resolve the problems of South tions by either secular or clerical Africa is to forget the past and all the authorities; crimes that have been committed Five, all persons should have the against innocent people. untrammelled right to hold and While it is absolutely true that we express whatever opinions they wish cannot permit the past to become an to subscribe to as long as the exercise obstacle impeding our path to the "" of that right does not infringe on the future, we cannot relegate to our col­ f rights of others. lective forgetfulness the contribution al of those who have made possible the .,: Involvement in South African Struggle peaceful transition to democracy that 3' >­ It was in pursuance of these princi­ has now opened up for South Africa. ..c Jl ples that I became involved in the Our country today stands on the .c0 0.. struggle for national liberation and threshold of momentous changes

6 because for decades there have been of communication with other parties, women and men who refused to take Black as well as White, who appear the easy option of submission to fearful of the future. tyranny. My organization is well aware that It was those who boldly declared during a period of transition, every their opposition and acted on that person among the minority groups conviction, rather than the silent con­ asks the question, when these formists, who have made South changes come, what is going to hap­ African democracy a realizable possi­ pen to me, to my wife, to my hus­ bility. It is the struggle for freedom band, to my children, to the national and not submission to oppression that group to which I belong, to my lan­ is demonstrably the creative force. guage, my culture, and to the values on which I have modeled my life? Majority Rule & Respect for Minorities What is going to be my place when Democracy and government by the these changes come? people do not imply that total una­ Our commitment as the leaders of nimity is possible in any society. It is the democratic forces in our country for that reason that every democracy is to those people who for centuries has always proceeded from the have been deprived of opportunities majority principle. The importance of for development, for self-expression. this principle cannot be overstated, We have fought hard and long in especially in the South African con­ order to realize the ambition of self­ text where the majority was forcibly assertion, self-fulfillment, the right to excluded from the political process. run our own lives. We will continue While I have insisted on such to do so until those objectives have recognition, I hold in equal esteem been attained. those other principles of democracy, a constitution that serves as the basic Challenge Before South Africa law of the land and places constraints Nevertheless, we are building a on the exercise of power whether by new South Africa with the materials, majorities or minorities. the pieces, which are to be found in our own country. We are dealing Heterogenous Society with a society, with a community, South Africa, like a number of which is the product of the filthy other modern states, is an extremely society that you find in many parts of heterogenous society. Language, reli­ the world. We address problems gion, and culture are important indi­ with that filthy mark, all of us. It is cators of identity for millions of our absolutely necessary for us to consid­ citizens. A democratic constitution er not only the demands of the vic­ must necessarily afford all these pro­ tims of racial oppression, of the most tections without compromising the brutal form of racial oppression in tenets of equity. the history of our country, as It has always been my belief that the builders. We now want to mobilize diversity of our population is a great everybody. source of strength which need not and We want to free not only the will not compromise our capacity to oppressed, but the oppressor himself. foster a common nationhood. I derive And that task must have men and this conception of a common nation­ women of vision who can suppress hood from a basic democratic princi­ the temptation to think with their ple, that all people are fundamentally blood and who want at all times to members of the human family sharing think with their brains - that is the the same basic aspirations for them­ demand, that is the challenge before selves and their posterity. South Africa. I am further persuaded that our common South African nationhood Significance of the Fulbright Prize long ceased to be a matter of choice. And it is against that background It is an imperative imposed by the that awards of this nature go to history of our country. Those who strengthen the democratic forces in seek to unscramble the historic our country, to strengthen men and omelette are embarked on an errand women of vision. There are thou­ fraught with dangers that could sands of them in our country, and reduce South Africa to a pile of ashes. that is part of the significance of us Despite our profound differences getting this Fulbright Award. We with the White ultra-right, we have accept it not as a gesture to an indi­ sought to address their fears and vidual. It is a source of tremendous apprehensions regarding democratic inspiration, and courage, and hope, change through dialogue. We have for one to be associated with such a with equal vigor maintained the lines prestigious award.

7 But we know that the gesture is in sup­ the numerous legacies of racial domina­ Benediction port of the men and women over the tion South Africa will have to address are Addressing a similar gathering sometime decades who have elected to stand on these. I have come to accept that a democ­ this week, I had occasion to utter words their feet to fight back. And for those of ratic constitution, in addition to being an which I believe are very appropriate in this us who have spent a number of years instrument to create order and stability, gathering . Every person will one day roll behind bars - you have to be behind bars must also be responsive to the need for up and disappear from the earth. But I to appreciate the policy of a country change and serve as a vehicle for neces­ believe that it is the fervent wish of every because it is there that the cruelty of men sary change . one of us that when that day comes, those to men emerges - the knowledge that the It is clear that South Africa will not who remain behind should be able to say, ideas for which attain stability in the absence of democra­ "Here lies a man or woman who has done you had fought cy. What is not so readily evident is that his duty to his people and to his country were alive, that stability itself be the condition for the sur­ during his lifetime." our people out­ vival of democracy . Unless a democratic There are men and women throughout side prison were government has the ability to reverse the the world and in this country as well on their feet and injustices of the past and hold out the whose names live far beyond the grave. fighting back, prospect of an expanding floor of social The name of Abraham Lincoln is that the national and economic entitlements for the majori­ enshrined permanently in hearts, [as is the community had ty who are justifiably impatient, our coun­ name] of Mahatma Ghandi, and many oth­ mobilized itself try will live under the threat of social and ers. to isolate a political tensions that could easily under­ Death never buried their achievements. regime which mine a fledgling democracy. They remain an inspiration today because had through everyone of us says, "During their lifetime apartheid com­ The Coming Election they did their duty to their country and to mitted a crime The challenge of the coming months, their people ." against humani­ when our country will prepare itself for Those who are responsible for this ty - those were and pass through the first ever democratic award, Senator Fulbright, his family, his glorious elections, is something I have anticipated beloved wife, and all those who worked moments. When for the greater part of my life. Incredible around him have earned that praise. One Harriet Mayor Fulbright we [went] as it may sound, at the age of 75, I have day we will be able to say of him, "Here at the prize ceremony. through those never, ever participated in a general elec­ lies a man who did his duty to his country, Phot o by Marty Katz harsh experi- tion. to his people, and to humanity." ences in a The prospect of finally receiving the I am very happy to be here to be the ben­ prison where all the wardens were white opportunity to participate is one that is eficiary of the vision of such men and and where all blacks were prisoners, a indeed very exciting. It will be the culmi­ women . I must say that I will always think place of indescribable brutality, [it was] nation of decades of political struggle and back to this occasion with fond memories. through gestures of this nature [that] we personally a goal for which I have striven I admire and respect, and above all, I love always knew that one day we would be throughout these years. you. Thank you. back.

Generations of the World And this prize, this award, is a source of tremendous inspiration, not only to an individual, but to the men and women right across the length and breadth of our country who decided to fight back, and [to] you, part of that family, those men and women who have chosen the world to be the theater of your efforts . We are thousands of miles away. Why should people of the United States of America worry about what is happening at the tip of the African continent? It is because we now have produced at this generation men and women who are not satisfied with addressing and solving problems within the borders of their country, who regard themselves as part of humanity. I am very proud to be here today. I go home like a battery charged ready to carry out the work that destiny has placed before us . Democratic Constitution Since my youth, I have been convinced that poverty, deprivation, and inequality are extremely dangerous social cancers Carlton Curtis, The Coca-ColaCompany, Ingrid SaundersJones, The Coca-ColaFoundation, and that could destroy any society. Among Richard T. Arndt, a past president of the FulbrightAssociation, listen to Mr. Mandela's address.

8 Nelson Mandela: A Man Who Has Done His Du

By GeorgieAnne Geyer

Editor's Note - Ms. Geyer was one of sever­ violence, and the greater part of the coun­ Why he chose law as his al journalists invited to a press briefinghosted try is free of violence, but... profession: by the Fulbright Associationon October1 "Progress has been made with the beforethe J. William Fulbright Prize award extreme right. They have agreed that vio­ "I chose law as a profession because of ceremony. A nationally recognizedjournalist lence is not in the interests of the country our experience as an oppressed people. I an_dsyndicated columnist, Ms. Geyer con­ or their party. wanted to use my profession to help my trzbut~dan essay to the volume of Fulbright "But if the sanctions are not lifted soon, people, but I soon realized that the law memoirs,The Fulbright Difference. She has our country will be itself was unjust - that the law was the also spoken at the association's1991 and 1993 turned into a waste­ principal means of sub­ conferences.Ms . Geyer was a Fulbrighterto land. We are function­ jugation. Even with the Austria in 1956. ing far below capacity best will in the world, right now. We have 50 you cannot administer WASHINGTON, Oct. 15- When percent unemploy­ unjust laws. The law Nelson Mandela received the J. William ment. We have become excluded the majority. I Fulbright Prize for International the most violent coun­ realized that, in the Understanding here recently, he began his try in the world, and absence of democratic short speech with a charming story. this situation can only government, the law "A day or two ago, I met a young lady," be redressed by the lift­ was an elusive con­ the straight, tall, gentlemanly South ing of economic sanc­ cept." African "revolutionary" began. "'How old tions." are you?"' she asked. 'I can't remember,' I The principles he replied - and that was the truth. On the first free has fought for over "'How long did you remain in jail?' she elections, scheduled the years: asked . ' I can't remember,' I replied - and for next April 27: "That governments that was also true."'You are a foolish old derive authority from man, aren't you?' she said. And I had to "The African National Congress has consent of the people agree with her!" they rule over. That no ~at penc~ant for self-deprecating story­ a popularity rating of 78 percent, so there is group of people should telling is typical of the man who just won be dominated by virtue of their color or the Nobel Peace Prize, along with South no reason to believe that we are losing sup­ port. ...But the violence will intimidate a religion. That all persons have the right to African leader F.W. de Klerk, for his life­ security. That all persons should have the long work to bring justice and integration lot of people, and a large percentage will stay away from the polls. This is the aim of right to express themselves freely, as long t~ S_outhAfrica, as well as his courage and as this does not impinge upon the rights of his mtellect. After telling the story here, he ~h?se opposed to the elections . That is why 1t 1s our duty to ensure safe conditions for others." in a sense gave his own benediction. Finally, Nelson Mandela stated: "The _"Every person will one day roll up and the elections." (A pause) "At age 75, I have never participated in a best way to resolve the problems of South disappear from the earth," he said, "but I Africa is to forget the past and all the believe it is my fervent wish that when general election ... So, this will be the cul­ mination of decades of political struggle." crimes. But we should not forget to the !hat day comes, those left behind can say, point of impeding our journey toward Here hes a man who has done his duty to democracy. Our country stands at the his country and to other people and to On the possibility of a threshold of democracy because of resis­ humanity during his lifetime."' "peacekeeping force" to take over tance. Submission to oppression would Because this interview with several independently from the present never have led to today's situation. members of the American press was the tainted security forces controlled "We have inherited a filthy society. Our last interview he gave before the prize, I commitment as leaders of the democratic am going to give the column over on this by the 15 percent white minority and be controlled under the movement is to those people who have historic day to Nelson Mandela: been deprived, but we must consider not Transitional Executive Council only the demands of the deprived. We On foreign investment and the formed to oversee government want to free not only the oppressed but the lifting of sanctions: activities until the April election: oppressor himself. "It would be reasonable for investors to "As far as we are concerned, a peace­ "That is the challenge facing South be extremely cautious in investing in our keeping force is necessary. We need to Africa." country, for there is an alarmingly high form a national army that will defend the level of violence. This violence is political­ entire country. Takenfrom the GeorgieAnne Geyercolumn, ly motivated. We have put in place mecha­ "We are determined to create the new ©1993, UniversalPress Syndicate.Reprinted nisms for the purpose of addressing the South Africa of our dreams." with permission.All rights reserved.

9 Tribute to Nelson Mandela

By Neville Isdell

Editor's Note -At the Fulbright Prize walls ... memories of a man who would award ceremony, Neville Isdell, senior vice some day carry on his strong shoulders the president, The Coca-ColaCompany and presi­ very future of South Africa. dent of its Northeast Europe/Middle East When I was an activist student in Group, represented his company which, Capetown, I did not know then that som e­ through The Coca-ColaFoundation , made pos­ day I would be fortunate enough to play a sible funding for the Fulbright Prize. role within a remarkable organization like The Coca-Cola Company. I did not know At The Coca-Cola Company, we conduct that someday a Fulbright Prize would business in more than 195 countries exist. And I clearly did not know that around the globe. We have seen first-hand someday a man named Nelson Mandela the differences of the world's many peo­ would become its very first recipient. I did ples. We have seen the incredible complex­ know that we would succeed and that one ity of relations between, and within, the Neville Isdell day Nelson Mandela would be free . world's many nations . But, more than any­ That kind of possibility offers us a thing, we have seen the incredible energy Being here tonight means a great deal to tremendous testimony to the extraordinary that is generated by the core human values me , personall y. Because it was not that ... uplifting ... unifying spirit of the shared by the world's more than five bil­ many years ago - though longer ago than Fulbright Prize. We at The Coca-Cola lion people. I care to mention - that I was a uni versity Compan y are thrilled to join with you These powerful global dynamics are student in the country of South Africa. today in celebrating the spirit of that prize . important to all of us. And we find oppor­ And though it was, in fact, 30 years ago, I And we are pleased that the award pre­ tunities like this - opportunities to literal­ have very vivid memories that somewhat sented today (by The Coca-Cola Company) ly bring the world closer together - overwhelm me today ... memories ren­ is a sculpture appropriately titled absolutely compelling. Through some of dered indelibly on the impressionabl e "Tribute." Created by artist Sergio Dolfi, the brightest people on our planet, the mind of a young, red-headed Irishman, the original rendition of "Tribute" is Fulbright Association helps our world bet­ who was inspired by the courage of those prominently displayed at our corporate ter understand its own brighter side. who were brave enough to risk their lives headquarters in Atlanta. This artwork Coca-Cola has always sought to identify to end organized injustice in South Africa serves as a symbol of the bond shared by with, and reinforce, the basic ideals of that ... I have memories of personally joining the Fulbright Association and The Coca­ brighter side of our world. My colleagues my fellow students in the streets at some Cola Company ... a bond forged from our and I see the Fulbright Prize as the latest personal risk, to call for the release of the mutual commitment to international glowing torch adding to that great bright­ man we honor here today ... memories of a understanding ... a bond that grows even ness ... and we are delighted to be a part of man whose powerful presence could not stronger today at this first awarding of the the initial lighting. be constrained by a remote island or four Fulbright Prize . Mandela Video Available he Fulbright Association will distribute a videotape of Nelson Mandela's speech at the TJ. William Fulbright Prize award ceremony to all of its chapters and institutional members and to Fulbright alumni organizations abroad and Fulbright commissions and foundations . "We want to encourage association chapters and sister organizations to use these videos for their programming," said Jane L. Anderson, the association's executive director. "Mr. Mandela gave a moving speech which honored Senator Fulbright, the Fulbright Program, and alumni and supporters throughout the world." "To be able to bring this occasion and Mr. Mandela's speech to friends here and abroad is an important step in developing the global Fulbright network," Ms. Anderson added. "We hope that chapters and associations will use the videotape to publicize the prize in their community and to encourage participation in the nomination process for the 1994 prize." The hour-long video also portrays portions of the prize award ceremony, which took place October 1 at the U.S. Department of State. Michael S. DeLucia, president of the Fulbright Association's Board of Directors, opened the ceremony and presented the prize on behalf of the Fulbright Association. Mr. Neville Isdell, whose remarks appear on this page, represented The Coca-Cola Company. He presented on its behalf the statue "Tribute." The Coca-Cola Company donated filming and production of the videotape and is mak­ ing available 200 copies for worldwide distribution. The association will also make copies Mr. Mandela with Ingrid Saunders Jones and available for sale to individual members. For information contact the national office. Donald R. Greeneof The Coca-ColaFoundation and the sculpture "Tribute."

10 Are You A Member? DO YOU KNOW ALUMNI AND FRIENDS WHO WOULD LIKE TO BE MEMBERS?

MEMBERSHIP ENROLLMENT FORM

Yes, I would like to enroll in the Fulbright Association and support its work. Please select the appropriate membership category and make the appropriate dues payment.

$ ___ Individual Annual Membership, $30 $ ___ Individual Life Membership, $300* $ ___ Student Membership, $20 - open to those who return from their Fulbright grants and resume their studies full-time. $ ___ Retired Membership, $20 $ __ Couple Membership, $45 $ ___ Affiliate Membership, $20 - open to those who have not had a Fulbright grant, but would like to support the work of the associa­ tion and receive all benefits except for the vote.

*For a limited time life membership will be available at $300, before increasing to $500.

AVAILABLE FROM THE FULBRIGHT ASSOCIATION

$ ___ One Nation , One Country, (Phelps-Stokes Fund, 1990). Booklet of four speeches by Nelson R. Mandela, recipient of the first J.William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding. ($6.25 members, $8.25 nonmembers; prices include shipping and handling; add $2 for overseas shipment.)

$ ___ The Price of Empire, by J.W. Fulbright (Pantheon, 1989). Senator Fulbright's most recent book. ($17.40 members, $20.85 nonmembers; prices include shipping and handling; add $2 for overseas shipment.)

$ ___ The Fulbright Difference, 1948-1992, Richard T. Arndt and David Lee Rubin, eds ., 490 pp. (Transaction Publishers, 1993.) ($37.90 member s, $42.90 nonmembers; prices include shipping and handling; add $3 for overseas shipment.)

$ ___ Fulbright Certificate - 8 1/ 2" x 11" hand-lettered certificate with the Fulbrighter's name and Fulbright country. ($20.00 members only, price includes shipping and handling. Please allow four to six weeks for delivery.)

Please provide the following information for your Fulbright Certificate:

Fulbright country ------­ Fulbright year ------

Name should appear as------

$ ___ Total amount enclosed

Name ______

Street------City ______State ______Zip ______Phone (H) ______(W) ______(FAX) ______Fulbright Country(ies) and Year(s)

11 Mandela Wins Prize who have given so much to advance the cause of freedom. His service should be (continuedfrom page 1) measured against the personal pain and suf­ "The Fulbright Prize honors Mr. Mandela fering encountered along the path ." for his personal courage and selfless deter­ All members of the Fulbright Association mination to eliminate racial and political were invited to submit nominations for this barriers in South Africa and to focus interna­ year's prize . The nominations were for­ tional attention on the divisive practices that warded to an international committee which have for so long been part of the daily lives selected Mr. Mandela as the winner on July of South Africans of all races," said Stanley 30, 1993. N. Katz, president of the American Council Committee members included Ashraf of Learned Societies and chairman of the Ghorbal, Egyptian ambassador to the United international committee that selected Mr. States from 1973 to 1982; Helvi L. Sipila, a Mandela to receive the Fulbright prize. Finnish lawyer and United Nations assistant The prize recognizes in particular Mr. secretary general for social and humanitari­ Mandela's commitment to the resolution of an affairs from 1972 to 1983; Mochtar longstanding injustices in a peaceful and Kusuma-Atmadja, an Indonesian lawyer pluralistic way, Dr. Katz said. who served as minister of justice from 1974 Mr. Mandela spent 27 years as a political to 1978 and as minister for foreign affairs prisoner in South African jails before his from 1978 to 1988; and Maurizio A. release in February 1990. Since then, as pres­ A man of spiritual and physical strength, Mr. Gianturco, senior vice president of The ident of the African National Congress, he Mandela lifts the 70-pound sculpture "Tribute" Coca-Cola Company and president-elect of has championed a process of national recon­ at the Fulbright Prize ceremony. the Fulbright Association. Selection commit­ ciliation . tee chairman Dr. Katz and committee mem­ South African leaders reached agreement also received the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize. bers Dr. Ghorbal, Dr. Kusuma-Atmadja, and earlier this year on ending 350 years of Mr. Mandela was nominated for this year's Dr. Gianturco have held Fulbright fellow­ white-minority rule and decades of govern­ Fulbright prize by Thomas J. Gardner, a for­ ships. ment-ordered racial separation . Free elec­ mer Fulbright professor in management at This year 72 people were nominated by tions, with blacks voting for the first time in the University of Zambia . 100 nominators, with nominations coming South African history, have been set for "His skill and dedication present a lesson from 22 different countries. All members of April 27, 1994. On July 4, Mr . Mandela and for all who strive for international under­ the Fulbright Association will again be invit­ South African President Frederik W. de standing and world peace," Dr. Gardner ed early next year to submit nominations for Klerk were honored by President Clinton for wrote in nominating Mr. Mandela. "He the 1994 prize. For more information, see fostering South African democracy . They surely stands in the company of the very few the box on page three.

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