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Diseño De Personajes Digitales

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Diseño De Personajes Digitales DIVISIÓN DE CIENCIAS Y ARTES PARA EL DISEÑO Especialización, Maestría y Doctorado en Diseño DISEÑO DE PERSONAJES DIGITALES Gabriel González García Tesis para optar por el Grado de Maestría en Diseño Línea de Investigación: Nueva s Tecnologías Miembros del Jurado: Dr. Gabriel Salazar Contreras Director de Tesis. Mtra. Yadira Alatriste Martínez Mtro. Pablo Daniel López Álvarez Mtro. Víctor Manuel Collantes Vázquez Mtro. Carlos Gómez Carro México D.F. Agosto de 2013 Contenido Agradecimientos ..................................................................................................................... 8 Resumen ................................................................................................................................. 9 Introducción .......................................................................................................................... 10 1. Capítulo Uno .................................................................................................................. 12 1.1. Los Arquetipos Jungianos y su Vigencia ............................................................... 12 1.1.2. La Máscara ........................................................................................................... 13 1.1.3. La Sombra............................................................................................................. 14 1.1.4. Ánima.................................................................................................................... 16 1.1.5. Ánimus.................................................................................................................. 16 1.1.6. La Madre Tierra ..................................................................................................... 17 1.1.7. El Viejo Sabio ........................................................................................................ 19 1.1.8. El Ser .................................................................................................................... 20 1.2. Joseph Campbell, el Viaje del Héroe .......................................................................... 21 1.2.1 La Partida............................................................................................................... 21 1.2.2. La Ayuda Sobrenatural ......................................................................................... 22 1.2.3. El Regre so ............................................................................................................ 25 1.3. Vladimir Propp, las funciones de los personajes ........................................................ 26 1.3.1. Uno de los miembros de la familia se aleja de la casa ......................................... 26 1.3.2. Una prohibición es impuesta ............................................................................... 27 1.3.2. La prohibición es transgredida ............................................................................ 27 1.3.3. El antagonista trata de obtener información ........................................................ 27 1.3.4. El antagonista obtiene información acerca de su víctima .................................... 28 1.3.5. El antagonista trata apoderarse de su víctima o de sus bienes ........................... 28 2 1.3.6. La víctima se deja engañar y así ayuda involuntariamente a su enemigo............ 28 1.3.7. El antagonista perjudica o causa daño a un miembro de la familia ..................... 29 1.3.8. Algo pasa a un miembro de la familia o desea poseer algo ................................. 30 1.3.9. El héroe abandona su casa .................................................................................. 30 1.3.10. El héroe es puesto a prueba o interrogado a modo de preparación para recibir la ayuda de un auxiliar mágico........................................................................................... 31 1.3.11. El héroe reacciona ante las ofertas o retos del futuro donante. ......................... 31 1.3.12. El héroe entra en posesión del auxiliar mágico.................................................. 31 1.3.13. El héroe se traslada al lugar donde se encuentra el objeto de su búsqueda. .... 31 1.3.14. El héroe y su antagonista se traban directamente en una lucha. ....................... 32 1.3.15. El héroe es marcado........................................................................................... 32 1.3.16. El antagonista es vencido. ................................................................................. 32 1.3.17. El daño inicial es reparado. ................................................................................ 32 1.3.18. El héroe regresa. ................................................................................................ 32 1.3.19. El héroe es perseguido. ..................................................................................... 32 1.3.20. El héroe escapa a la persecución. ...................................................................... 33 1.3.21. El héroe llega de incógnito a su casa o a otro país. ........................................... 33 1.3.22. Un falso héroe proclama pretensiones infundadas. ........................................... 33 1.3.23. Una tarea difícil le es propuesta al héroe. .......................................................... 34 1.3.24. La tarea es cumplida. ......................................................................................... 34 1.3.25. El héroe es reconocido. ..................................................................................... 34 1.3.26. El antagonista es descubierto o desenmascarado. ......................................... 34 1.3.27. El héroe adopta una nueva apariencia............................................................. 34 1.3.28. El antagonista es castigado............................................................................. 34 3 1.3.29. Modos de introducción de nuevos personajes en la acción. ........................... 35 1.3.30. Los atributos de los personajes y su significado. ........................................... 36 2. Capítulo Dos................................................................................................................... 38 2.1. Personajes constantes en diferentes narrativas ......................................................... 38 2.1.1. Metodología. ............................................................................................................. 39 2.1.1.2.. Objetivos. .......................................................................................................... 39 2.1.1.3. Hipóte sis. ........................................................................................................... 39 2.1.1.4. Preguntas de inve stigación. ............................................................................... 40 2.2. El Héroe............................................................................................................... 41 2.3. El Antihéroe......................................................................................................... 42 2.4. El Villano ............................................................................................................. 48 2.5. El Tutor................................................................................................................ 50 2.6. Los Animales ...................................................................................................... 52 2.7. Los Monstruos .................................................................................................... 54 2.8. Los Vehículos...................................................................................................... 56 2.9. Los Robots .......................................................................................................... 58 2.10 Los Auxiliares Mágicos ....................................................................................... 60 3. Capítulo Tres .................................................................................................................. 64 3.1. La descripción literaria y dibujo de personajes........................................................... 64 3.1.1. Descripción del cuerpo completo ......................................................................... 68 3.1.2. De scripción de las manos..................................................................................... 69 3.1.3. De scripción del rostro .......................................................................................... 70 3.1.4. Descripción de la mirada ...................................................................................... 72 3.1.5. Dibujo del cuerpo completo .................................................................................. 74 4 3.1.6. Dibujo de las manos ............................................................................................. 75 3.1.7. Dibujo del rostro ................................................................................................... 77 3.2. Las nuevas tecnologías y el diseño de personajes ..................................................... 78 4. Conclusiones ................................................................................................................. 81 5. Anexos ........................................................................................................................... 84 5.1. Anexo 1. Programa de estudios de la U.E.A. Diseño
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