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IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca Lucca, Italy the Guidiccioni IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca Lucca, Italy The Guidiccioni Family between Lucca and Rome: Artistic Patronage and Cultural Production 1530-1550ca. PhD Program in Management and Development of Cultural Heritage XXIX Cycle By Ilaria Taddeo 2017 The dissertation of Ilaria Taddeo is approved Programme Coordinator: Emanuele Pellegrini, IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca Advisor: Emanuele Pellegrini, IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca Supervisor: Silvia Ginzburg, Università degli Studi di Roma Tre The dissertation of Ilaria Taddeo has been reviewed by: Guido Rebecchini, The Courtauld Institute of Art Simonetta Adorni Braccesi IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca 2017 CONTENTS………………………………………………………………….....V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………VIII LIST OF IMAGES………………………………………………………………IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………..…………………………...XVI VITA AND PUBLICATIONS…………………………………………………XVII ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………..........XIX INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………..……1 1. LUCCA IN THE 16TH CENTURY: HISTORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHY………………………………………...6 1.1. Political Independence and Religious Crisis: towards a Definition of Civic Identity…………………………6 1.2. Civic Identity and Artistic Expressions……………………….27 1.2.1. Art “In the Name of Fra Bartolomeo”…………………27 1.2.2. The “Problem” of Artistic Patronage…………………..42 2. THE GUIDICCIONI FAMILY BETWEEN LUCCA AND ROME……………...50 2.1. The Guidiccioni “Nobles and Merchants” in Lucca…………50 V 2.2. The Guidiccioni and the Lucchese Community of Rome…………………………………………………………...67 2.2.1. “Natio Lucensis de Urbe”: the Lucchese Colony of Rome as a National Community……………………….67 2.2.2. The Lucchese Community of Rome and the Papal Court. The Political and Cultural Background between Julius II and Paul III……………75 3. GIOVANNI GUIDICCIONI (1500-1541). DIPLOMAT, POET AND PATRON OF THE ARTS……………………….....93 3.1. From Lucca to Rome: the Religious and Diplomatic Career……………………………………………………………..93 3.2. A Sixteenth-Century Letterato…………………………………..98 3.2.1. Giovanni Guidiccioni as a “Petrarchist”…………..…100 3.2.2. The Orazione ai nobili di Lucca and the Political Reflection……………………………………...109 3.2.3. Giovanni Guidiccioni in the Religious Debate of his Time………………………………...……115 3.3. Giovanni Guidiccioni and the Arts…………………………..127 3.3.1. “Fatene fare schizzi a Perino”: Annibal Caro and a Celebratory Medal………………………………127 3.3.2. A Fountain after Giovanni Gaddi’s Grotto…….……..139 3.3.3. Other Art Commissions………………………………..143 3.3.4. The Funeral Monument………………………………..147 4. ALESSANDRO GUIDICCIONI (1489-1552): CELEBRATING THE FAMILY POWER IN ROME…………………………155 4.1. In the service of the Farnese Family……………….…………155 4.2. The Decoration of the Church and of the Hospital of Santo Spirito in Sassia……………………………161 VI 4.2.1. Art and Politics in Santo Spirito in Sassia. The Renovation of the Church under Pope Paul III…………………………………….………163 4.2.2. The Phases of Guidiccioni’s Intervention: the Ceilings, The Ciboria, The Organ………………...171 4.2.3. The Guidiccioni Chapel………………………………..187 4.2.3.1. The Cycle of the Passion of Christ…………….......192 4.2.3.2. The Pietà Foderato………………………………….198 4.2.3.3. Michele Grechi da Lucca and the Decorative Project…………………………………..211 Michele Grechi Painter and Engraver………................................................213 Michele Grechi in the Guidiccioni Chapel…...........................................................226 4.2.4. The Character of Alessandro Guidiccioni’s Intervention……………………………………………..234 CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………239 APPENDIX………………….………………………………………………..242 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………...………….260 IMAGES………………………………………………………………………323 VII List of Abbreviations ASC: Archivio Storico Capitolino AsdLu: Archivio Storico Diocesano di Lucca ASLu: Archivio di Stato di Lucca ASNa: Archivio di Stato di Napoli ASR: Archivio di Stato di Roma BSL: Biblioteca Statale di Lucca VIII List of Images Fig. 1. Fra’ Bartolomeo, The Holy Father, St. Mary Magdalen and St. Catherine from Siena, Lucca Museo Nazionale Villa Guinigi Fig. 2. Fra’ Bartolomeo, Madonna and Child between St. John the Baptist and St. Stephen, Lucca, Cathedral Fig. 3. Fra’ Bartolomeo, Mater Misericordiae, Lucca, Museo Nazionale Villa Guinigi Fig. 4 a. Giorgio Vasari, Immaculate Conception, Lucca, Museo Nazionale Villa Guinigi Fig. 4 b and c. Giorgio Vasari, lateral panels of St. Biagio and St. Eustachio, Immaculate Conception, Lucca, Museo Nazionale Villa Guinigi Fig. 5. Giorgio Vasari, Nations Paying Homage to Paul III, Sala dei Cento Giorni, Palace of the Cancelleria Apostolica, Rome Fig. 6. Façade, Guidiccioni Villa, Carignano (Lucca) Fig. 7. Plan of the ground floor, Guidiccioni Villa, Carignano (Lucca) Fig. 8. Façade, Guidiccioni Palace, Lucca Fig. 9. Angelo Leopoldo Ardinghi, Palazzo Guidiccioni, Lucca, Archivio di Stato Fig. 10. Portal, Guidiccioni Palace, Lucca Fig. 11. Window of the ground floor, Guidiccioni Palace, Lucca Fig. 12. Cortile degli Svizzeri, Palazzo Pubblico, Lucca Fig. 13. Masque of a window of the ground floor, Guidiccioni Palace, Lucca Fig. 14. Masque of the Cortile degli Svizzeri, Palazzo Pubblico, Lucca Fig. 15. Bernardi Palace, Lucca Fig. 16. Masque of a window of the outside wall, Villa Buonvisi, Lucca Fig. 17. Window of the second floor, Guidiccioni Palace, Lucca Fig. 18. Window of the outside wall, Villa Buonvisi, Lucca Fig. 19. Volto Santo, Church of SS. Cosma and Damiano, Rome Fig. 20. Perino del Vaga, Quos Ego, Windsor Castle, Royal Library, inv. RL 5497 Fig. 21 a and b. After Alessandro Cesati, Medal, recto and verso, Brescia, Pinacoteca Civica Mazzucchelli I inv. LXVI.1 IX Fig. 22. Alessandro Cesati, Giovanni Guidiccioni, steel die, 41mm, Edinburgh, National Museums of Scotland, inv. H QN 2 Fig. 23. Perino del Vaga, The Shipwreck of Aeneas, Parigi, Musée du Louvre, Département des Arts Graphiques, inv. 636 Fig. 24. Giulio Bonasone, The Shipwreck of Aeneas, Bologna, Gabinetto Nazionale Disegni e delle Stampe, inv. P.N. 1709 Fig. 25. Parmigianino, Circe with the Companions of Ulysses, Florence, Galleria degli Uffizi, Gabinetto Disegni e Stampe, inv. 750 E Fig. 26. Marcantonio Raimondi, Quos Ego, London, British Museum, Department of Prints & Drawings, inv. 1910,0212.340 Fig. 27. Anonymous Italian Draftsman, Drawings of the grotto of Giovanni Gaddi, Rome, and a mask fountain, Christ Church Picture Gallery, Oxford, JBS 1481v Fig. 28. Funeral Monument of Giovanni Guidiccioni, Church of San Francesco, Lucca Fig. 29. Details, Funeral Monument of Giovanni Guidiccioni, Church of San Francesco, Lucca Fig. 30. Vincenzo Civitali, attrib., Cappella del Sacramento, Cathedral of San Martino, Lucca Fig. 31. Vincenzo Civitali, attrib., Madonna and Child, Porta Santa Maria, Lucca Fig. 32. Monument of Giano Grillo, Church of Santa Maria dei Servi, Lucca Fig. 33. Adrea Sansovino, Monument of Ascanio Sforza, Church of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome Fig. 34. Adrea Sansovino, Monument of Girolamo Basso Della Rovere, Church of Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome Fig. 35. Monument of Matteo Bandini, Museo Nazionale di San Matteo, Pisa, inv. 4948 Fig. 36. Giovanni Angelo Montorsoli, attrib., Monument of Mario Maffei, Cathedral, Volterra Fig. 37. Alfonso Lombardi, Ramazzotti Monument, Church of San Michele in Bosco, Bologna Fig. 38. Pierino da Vinci, Monument of Baldassarre Turini, Cathedral of Maria Santissima Assunta, Pescia X Fig. 39. Altar, Cathedral of San Martino, Lucca Fig. 40. Giovanni Battista Falda, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, engraving from Il nuovo teatro delle fabriche, e edificii, I prospettiva di Roma moderna, Rome 1665 Fig. 41. Façade, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 42. Interior, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 43. Aristotile da Sangallo, attr., Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, sketch, Uffizi, 1118v Fig. 44. Pedro de Rubiales, Conversion of Saul, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 45. Marco Pino, Visitation, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 46. Vault, Chapel of Francesco De Landis, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 47 a and b. Details of the fresco decoration, Chapel of Francesco De Landis, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 48. Perino del Vaga’s school, Project for a Chapel, Staatliche Graphische Sammlung, Munich, inv. 34840 Fig. 49. Ceiling of the nave Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 50. Interior of Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome, engraving from P. Saulnier, De Capite Sacri Ordinis S. Spiritus dissertatio, Lyon 1649 Fig. 51. Interior of Corsia Sistina, Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome, engraving from P. Saulnier, De Capite Sacri Ordinis S. Spiritus dissertatio, Lyon 1649 Fig. 52. View of the Nave Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome, engraving from P. Saulnier, De Capite Sacri Ordinis S. Spiritus dissertatio, Lyon 1649 Fig. 53. Ciborium after restoration, Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome Fig. 54. Ciborium before restoration, Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome Fig. 55. Cupola of the Ciborium after restoration, Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome Fig. 56. Cupola of the Ciborium before restoration, Hospital of Santo Spirito, Rome Fig. 57. Organ, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 58. Elevation of the Organ and Lateral Entrance in the Nave, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome XI Fig. 59. Giorgio Vasari the Younger, Drawing of the Organ Front, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Uffizi, Florence, inv. 4691r Fig. 60. Guidiccioni Chapel seen from the organ, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 61. Wall Elevation of Tribune, Church of Santo Spirito in Sassia, Rome Fig. 62 a, b and c. Guidiccioni Chapel,
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