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Stony Brook University
SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Invasions, Insurgency and Interventions: Sweden’s Wars in Poland, Prussia and Denmark 1654 - 1658. A Dissertation Presented by Christopher Adam Gennari to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Stony Brook University May 2010 Copyright by Christopher Adam Gennari 2010 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Christopher Adam Gennari We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. Ian Roxborough – Dissertation Advisor, Professor, Department of Sociology. Michael Barnhart - Chairperson of Defense, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Department of History. Gary Marker, Professor, Department of History. Alix Cooper, Associate Professor, Department of History. Daniel Levy, Department of Sociology, SUNY Stony Brook. This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School """"""""" """"""""""Lawrence Martin "" """""""Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Invasions, Insurgency and Intervention: Sweden’s Wars in Poland, Prussia and Denmark. by Christopher Adam Gennari Doctor of Philosophy in History Stony Brook University 2010 "In 1655 Sweden was the premier military power in northern Europe. When Sweden invaded Poland, in June 1655, it went to war with an army which reflected not only the state’s military and cultural strengths but also its fiscal weaknesses. During 1655 the Swedes won great successes in Poland and captured most of the country. But a series of military decisions transformed the Swedish army from a concentrated, combined-arms force into a mobile but widely dispersed force. -
A Short History of Poland and Lithuania
A Short History of Poland and Lithuania Chapter 1. The Origin of the Polish Nation.................................3 Chapter 2. The Piast Dynasty...................................................4 Chapter 3. Lithuania until the Union with Poland.........................7 Chapter 4. The Personal Union of Poland and Lithuania under the Jagiellon Dynasty. ..................................................8 Chapter 5. The Full Union of Poland and Lithuania. ................... 11 Chapter 6. The Decline of Poland-Lithuania.............................. 13 Chapter 7. The Partitions of Poland-Lithuania : The Napoleonic Interlude............................................................. 16 Chapter 8. Divided Poland-Lithuania in the 19th Century. .......... 18 Chapter 9. The Early 20th Century : The First World War and The Revival of Poland and Lithuania. ............................. 21 Chapter 10. Independent Poland and Lithuania between the bTwo World Wars.......................................................... 25 Chapter 11. The Second World War. ......................................... 28 Appendix. Some Population Statistics..................................... 33 Map 1: Early Times ......................................................... 35 Map 2: Poland Lithuania in the 15th Century........................ 36 Map 3: The Partitions of Poland-Lithuania ........................... 38 Map 4: Modern North-east Europe ..................................... 40 1 Foreword. Poland and Lithuania have been linked together in this history because -
The Baltic Sea Region the Baltic Sea Region
TTHEHE BBALALTTICIC SSEAEA RREGIONEGION Cultures,Cultures, Politics,Politics, SocietiesSocieties EditorEditor WitoldWitold MaciejewskiMaciejewski A Baltic University Publication A chronology of the history 7 of the Baltic Sea region Kristian Gerner 800-1250 Vikings; Early state formation and Christianization 800s-1000s Nordic Vikings dominate the Baltic Region 919-1024 The Saxon German Empire 966 Poland becomes Christianized under Mieszko I 988 Kiev Rus adopts Christianity 990s-1000s Denmark Christianized 999 The oldest record on existence of Gdańsk Cities and towns During the Middle Ages cities were small but they grew in number between 1200-1400 with increased trade, often in close proximity to feudal lords and bishops. Lübeck had some 20,000 inhabitants in the 14th and 15th centuries. In many cities around the Baltic Sea, German merchants became very influential. In Swedish cities tensions between Germans and Swedes were common. 1000s Sweden Christianized 1000s-1100s Finland Christianized. Swedish domination established 1025 Boleslaw I crowned King of Poland 1103-1104 A Nordic archbishopric founded in Lund 1143 Lübeck founded (rebuilt 1159 after a fire) 1150s-1220s Denmark dominates the Baltic Region 1161 Visby becomes a “free port” and develops into an important trade center 1100s Copenhagen founded (town charter 1254) 1100s-1200s German movement to the East 1200s Livonia under domination of the Teutonic Order 1200s Estonia and Livonia Christianized 1201 Riga founded by German bishop Albert 1219 Reval/Tallinn founded by Danes ca 1250 -
Polish Accounts of the Participation of the Lithuanian Armed Forces in the Battle of Kryżbork/ Jakobstadt of 26 July (5 August) 17041
Open Political Science, 2019; 2: 174–180 Research Article Karol Kościelniak* Polish accounts of the participation of the Lithuanian armed forces in the battle of Kryżbork/ Jakobstadt of 26 July (5 August) 17041 https://doi.org/10.1515/openps-2019-0016 received September 19, 2017; accepted April 9, 2018. Abstract: The Great Northern War changed not only the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but also the countries of Central Europe. This war brought many tactical and strategic innovations that could be observed on the battlefields and during the war campaigns. That is why it seems appropriate to recall the battles that took place during the Great Northern War. An example of such a battle is a clash between the Swedish-Lithuanian army and Lithuanian-Russian army, which took place near Kryżbork/Jakobstadt on 26 July (5 August) 1704. In this battle the Lithuanian troops fought on both sides. On the Swedish side they were commanded by Kazimierz Jan Sapieha, and on the Russian side – by Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki. Keywords: Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, Russia, battle, Great Northern War, Jakobstadt, Kryżbork, Kazimierz Jan Sapieha, Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki To this day there is no complete monograph in Polish historiography about the Great Northern War, which was taking place between 1700 and 17211. Many of its military aspects remain unknown to the Polish reader. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the specific part of this war, which was of great importance to the Polish-Lithuan Commonwealth. The aim of this work is to draw attention to one of the many source databases that exist to this day and which shed light on those events. -
Peter the Great I. Introduction Peter the Great Or Peter I (1672-1725
Peter the Great I. Introduction Peter the Great or Peter I (1672-1725), tsar and, later, emperor of Russia (1682-1725), who is linked with the Westernization of Russia and its rise as a great power. II. Early Life Peter was born in Moscow of the second marriage of his father, Alexis I, who ruled Russia from 1645 to 1676. Alexis’s first marriage, to Maria Miloslavsky, had produced 13 children, but only two of the sons, Fyodor and Ivan, both of them sickly, survived their father. After Maria died in 1669 Alexis married Natalia Naryshkin in 1671, and Peter, a strong and healthy child, was born the next year. Fyodor III succeeded his father as tsar, but died without an heir in 1682. A bitter struggle for the throne between the two families, the Miloslavskys and the Naryshkins, ensued. The Naryshkins gained an early victory: Supported by the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, a majority in the boyar duma (Russia’s council of nobles), and a gathering of the gentry (untitled landowners), nine- year-old Peter was proclaimed tsar in April of 1682. Because of his youth, his mother became regent, while her relatives and friends secured leading positions in the state. However, as early as May, the Miloslavsky party, led by Alexis's able and strong-willed daughter Sofia, Peter's half-sister, inspired a rebellion of the streltsy, musketeers who made up Russia’s top military corps. The streltsy in Moscow murdered leading members of the Naryshkin clique—Peter witnessed some of these murders—and the Miloslavskys seized power. -
Final Playbook
PLAYBOOK Table of Contents A. Scenarios ................................................................................................ 2 B. Extended Example of Play .................................................................... 6 C. Historical Background of the Great Northern War ........................... 15 D. Designers’ Notes .................................................................................... 27 E. Developer’s Notes .................................................................................. 28 F. Players’ Notes ......................................................................................... 30 G. Gazetteer ................................................................................................ 32 GMT Games, LLC • P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308 www.GMTGames.com 2 Pax Baltica Playbook On what Foundation stands the Warrior’s Pride? How just his Hopes let Swedish Charles decide; A. Scenarios A Frame of Adamant, a Soul of Fire, Place blocks in the territories indicated in the scenario’s set-up, No Dangers fright him, and no Labours tire; at full strength unless otherwise indicated. Each nation controls Over Love, over Force, extends his wide Domain, all their own national-colored territories, unless a different na- Unconquered Lord of Pleasure and of Pain; tion’s garrison is listed. No Joys to him pacific Sceptres yield, War sounds the Trump, he rushes to the Field; A.1 NEXT STOP MOSCOW (1707-1710) Behold surrounding Kings their Power combine, And One capitulate, and One resign; Karl XII has reached the peak of his power. The Russian army has Peace courts his Hand, but spread her Charms in vain; been defeated and Denmark is out of the war. August II has lost the “Think Nothing gained, he cries, till nought remain, Polish crown to the Swedish puppet Stanisław Leszczyński and Karl “On Moscow’s Walls till Gothic Standards fly, occupies the Saxon fatherland. However, Pyotr I has begun to reform “And all is Mine beneath the Polar Sky.” his army and is ready to take up the fight again. -
Designer Notes: the Seven Years War
Designer Notes: The Seven Years War When I was first offered the opportunity to develop the Seven Years War for John Tiller Software, I had to take a step back and really think about the nature of the era of Late Linear Warfare. Most gamers are more familiar with Napoleonic warfare. In fact, because of this, we've prepared a document (included with the game) for people who have played the JTS Napoleonic games, to help them adjust. However, what marked the warfare of this era? I find it helpful to consider the development of the “state of warfare” as it existed in 1756. In many ways, two developments set the stage for the warfare of this era, and both of them are subtle enough that they are very easily overlooked, yet as the armies worked through the implications of these developments they shaped the warfare of this era (and beyond). The first of them is what seemed a rather minor development at first glance, in the late 17th Century: the socket bayonet. Bayonets are rather odd, they were very rarely used in melee, but they had an enormous impact on the development of tactics in the 18th Century. Up to that point, musketeers were not especially effective in melee, requiring units with more traditional melee weapons (generally pikes) to support them against enemy attack, especially those launched by enemy cavalry. Formations tended to be denser, deeper, and had some method of mixing pike and shot (thus the name of the engine, Musket and Pike.) With the socket bayonet, every musketeer effectively had a pike when he needed it, which allowed units to dispense with pikes. -
Fall 2015 by Steve Fratt
T H E L O C A L NEWSLETTER F O R T H E HMGS-Midwest M I N I A T U R E W A R G A M I N G ENTHUSIAST VOLUME 6 ISSUE 1 SPRING/SUMMER - 2 0 1 5 BOD Update - Fall 2015 by Steve Fratt Greetings fellow wargam- from time to time at the means HMGS-Midwest ers and historians! Chez Hanson. will have a presence in The Civil War reenacting Wisconsin and Indiana. community in Chicago has How about Michigan, Io- wrapped up its 150th Anni- wa, Ohio, and Minnesota? INSIDE THIS versary season of the Civil If you know of a good sized convention needing ISSUE: War out at the Dollinger Farm in Minooka, Il. We some premium games, let BOD Update 1 did Sailor’s Creek on Sat- us know. urday and Appomattox on LW 2016 2 Sunday. I designed the Since 2016 is the anniver- Update scenarios and commanded sary of the Alamo, my the Federal forces. It original intention was to Great North- 4 would be interesting some- run a 3mm/6mm Alamo ern War day to engage in a hybrid game at Little Wars this action of some sort. We coming year. Then I went Membership 11 have had reenactors come to the Chicago Toy Soldier Rewards to the Lincolnshire Little Show and I am now work- Wars and we are seeing Kevin Cabai [with Lor- ing on a special pair of HMGS-MW 15 raine] and I have been games just for Little Wars. Events what we can do to have a variety of reenactors come busy promoting HMGS- I am calling them the to the Westin for Little Midwest at Gen Con Indy “President’s Games - Fif- BoD Update 17 Wars 2016. -
HI 408 War in Film and Literature
HI 408 War in Film and Literature Cathal J. Nolan Associate Professor of History Executive Director, International History Institute Combat, killing, suffering, death. This course explores these vivid human experiences through great, and lesser, works of film and literature. Topics range widely, from medieval Japan to Africa, the Americas and Europe, the two 20th century world wars and various Asmall wars@ of the 19th through 21st centuries. We explore "the angle of vision" problem: who should we trust more, eye-witness accounts of war, great poets and novelists, modern film-makers, or military and other historians? Who gets us closest to the "truth" about war as a fundamental element of the human experience and condition? Can we draw general conclusions about the experience of war? Or do we falsely impose our own ideas on history? Note: The course is thematic rather than narrative. Some of you will likely find it necessary to do additional reading on the general history of war (Allure of Battle is assigned to this end), and reading that situates specific wars in overarching patterns of military history. I will provide guidance in class and to those who ask for it outside class. Consult the course site on Blackboard, where there are many additional features, from photos and music files to videos, to still and animated maps. Administrative Information Office hours: Monday and Tuesday, 630-800 pm. Location: B-13, 725 Commonwealth Avenue. Phone: (617) 353-1165 e-mail: [email protected] Email is best method of contact. Participation 20% Required: unexcused absences will reduce final grade Film Review (6p) 20% February 23 Film Review (6p) 20% March 19 Term Paper (15-18p) 40% April 23 See the guide to the term paper posted online. -
Bowl Round 9 Bowl Round 9 First Quarter
NHBB C-Set Bowl 2017-2018 Bowl Round 9 Bowl Round 9 First Quarter (1) This man, who shared leadership with Crixus and Oenomaus, routed Mummius when he attacked against orders. Gaius Claudius Glaber tried to starve this man's forces while they camped on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius. Many of this man's supporters were crucified by Crassus along the Appian Way after they lost the Third Servile War. For ten points, name this former gladiator who died in 71 BC while leading a slave revolt against the Roman Republic. ANSWER: Spartacus (2) An artist from this country was influenced by Marcel Duchamp to weld together 42 bicycle frames. That artist, who filmed the aftermath of a 2008 earthquake in this country, also exhibited one million handmade porcelain sunflower seeds in England's Tate Modern gallery. For ten points, name this country where artist and political activist Ai Weiwei consulted on the design of a \bird's nest" stadium built for this country's 2008 Summer Olympics. ANSWER: People's Republic of China (or Zhongguo) (3) This battle's winning side was greatly aided when they learned that an attack at \A-F" would take place; that information came by breaking the JN25 code. Dauntless dive bombers were used to great effect in this battle, as one side sunk the Akagi, Kaga and two other ships while only losing the Yorktown. For ten points, name this battle fought a month after the Battle of Coral Sea, a carrier battle that became the \turning point" of World War II's Pacific theater. -
Peter the Great Vs. Charles XII of Sweden in the Great Northern War Loren Carrica University of Nebraska at Kearney
Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 21 Article 10 2017 Peter the Great vs. Charles XII of Sweden in the Great Northern War Loren Carrica University of Nebraska at Kearney Follow this and additional works at: https://openspaces.unk.edu/undergraduate-research-journal Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Carrica, Loren (2017) "Peter the Great vs. Charles XII of Sweden in the Great Northern War," Undergraduate Research Journal: Vol. 21 , Article 10. Available at: https://openspaces.unk.edu/undergraduate-research-journal/vol21/iss1/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of Undergraduate Research & Creative Activity at OpenSPACES@UNK: Scholarship, Preservation, and Creative Endeavors. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Research Journal by an authorized editor of OpenSPACES@UNK: Scholarship, Preservation, and Creative Endeavors. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Peter the Great vs. Charles XII of Sweden in the Great Northern War Loren Carrica Charles XII, King of Sweden (1682-1718), had the unique ability of imposing his will on any given situation and the equally unique fortune of almost always coming out ahead in the game. He was an absolute monarch with that rare combination of courage and daring, a skilled tactician who excelled on the battlefield. All of Europe marveled at his victories, particularly Narva and his Polish exploits. Each of these remarkable successes was a kind of military education for the young king, but the relative ease with which he triumphed was deceptive in that this string of battles played into a false narrative that he was unbeatable. -
Table of Contents
Magill's Guide to Military History Table of Contents Publisher's Note, ix Introduction, xi Contributors, xiii List of Maps, xix A Abbās the Great, 1 Abbāsid Revolution, 2 Abd el-Krim, 3 Abdelkader, 4 Abdullāh et Taāisha, 4 Abenaki Wars, 5 Abercromby, Ralph, 6 Aboukir, 7 Abrams, Creighton Williams, Jr., 8 Abū al-Abbās, 9 Abū Bakr ibn Umar, 9 Abu Klea, 10 Acre, 11 Actium, 12 Adowa, 12 Adrianople, 13 Aegospotami, 14 Æthelbald, 14 Æthelbald's Wars, 15 Aetius, 16 Afghan Expansion, Wars of, 17 Agathocles, 18 Agesilaus II, 19 Agincourt, 20 Agricola, Gnaeus Julius, 21 Aguinaldo, Emilio, 22 Air Force, U.S., 23 Aircraft, military, 25 Aircraft carrier, 29 Akbar, 29 Alamo, 29 Alanbrooke, First Viscount, 31 Alaric, 32 Albanian-Turkish Wars, 33 Albuquerque, Afonso de, 34 Alcibiades, 35 Alesia, Siege of, 35 Alexander of Tunis, 36 Alexander I, 37 Alexander the Great, 38 Alexander's Wars of Conquest, 39 Alexandria, 43 Alexius I Comnenus, 44 Alfonso VIII, 46 Alfred the Great, 47 Algiers, 48 Aliwal, 48 Allen, Ethan, 49 Allenby, Lord, 49 Allied Intervention in Russia, 50 Alma, 51 Almohad conquest and rule of Muslim Spain, 52 Almoravid Empire, 53 Alp Arslan, 54 Alva, duke of, 55 Amazons, 56 Ambuila, 57 American Civil War, 58 American Indian wars, 67 American Northwest Indian wars, 71 American Revolution, 72 Amiens, 78 Amin, Idi, 79 Amoaful, 80 Amr ibn al-Ās, 80 Amritsar Massacre, 81 An Lushan's Rebellion, 82 Anawrahta, 82 Ancient warfare, 83 Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, 86 Anglo-Dutch Wars, 87 Anglo-French Wars, 88 Anglo-Irish War, 89 Anglo-Scottish Wars of 1290-1388, 91 Anglo-Scottish Wars of 1513-1560, 93 Anglo-Spanish War, 94 Angolan Civil War, 96 Angolan War of Independence, 97 Animals in war, 99 Ankara, 102 Antietam, 102 Antioch, 104 Antwerp, Siege of, 105 Anzio, 106 Apache Wars, 107 Appeasement, 108 Arabi Pasha, 109 Arafat, Yasir, 109 Archery, 111 Argentine Dirty War, 111 Armada, Spanish, 112 Armenian Massacres, 114 Armies: Organization and tactics, 116 Armistice, 120 Armor, 120 Arms race, 120 Army, 121 Army, U.S., 121 Arnhem, 123 Arnold, Benedict, 125 Arnold, H.