Flood protection in the Sava River Basin Flood risk management, modelling and data exchange
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows Zagreb, June 11, 2019
Mirza Sarač, Advisor, ISRBC Significant floods
Year of flood Affected area/river Oct/Nov 1896 Drina River Apr 1932 Sava River Oct 1933 Sava River Nov 1944 Sava River Oct 1964 Sava River Dec 1966 Sava and Kupa rivers Dec 1968 Bosna River Jan 1970 Sava and Bosut rivers Oct 1974 Sava, Krapina, Kupa and Una Jul 1989 Krapina River 1990 Upper Sava River Basin Oct/Nov 1998 Upper Sava River Basin Nov 1998 Kupa River Jul 1999 Tamnava, Ub and Gračica rivers Jun 2001 Kolubara, Jadar and Ljuboviđa r. Mar 2006 Tamnava, Ub and Gračica rivers Apr 2006 Sava River Sep 2007 Upper Sava River Basin Mar 2009 Tamnava, Ub and Gračica rivers Dec 2009 Upper Sava River Basin May/Jun 2010 Middle Sava River Basin Sep 2010 Middle Sava River Basin Dec 2010 Drina, Kupa and Una rivers Feb 2014 Kupa River May 2014 Middle/lower Sava River Basin
Report on Floods in May 2014 in the Sava River Basin Prepared jointly with the ICPDR
http://www.savacommission.org/publications
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Protocol on Flood Protection
• Flood Risk Management Plan (EU Flood Directive)
• Flood forecasting and warning system (FFWS)
• Exchange of information
• Flood defence emergency situations (incl. mutual assistance)
• Signed in June 2010
• Entered into force in Nov. 2015
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Supporting actions for the Protocol implementation
Sava GIS - a common platform for sharing and dissemination of information and knowledge about WRM in the basin
Standards INSPIRE Directive and professional requirements WFD reporting Guidance 2016 FD reporting Guidance 2018 ICPDR database models (Danube GIS) Database River basin management data Flood risk management data Navigation Sediment management Accident prevention and control
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 HM Data Exchange Policy
• Principles (organizations, monitoring locations, data to be exchanged)
• Routes (procedures, timetable, quality standards, use and redistribution, ownership, charging, future harmonization)
• Organizations
– Hydro-meteorological services
– Water / environment agencies
– Hydropower companies
• International legal framework
– FASRB
– Protocol on Flood Protection to FASRB
– WMO Resolutions • Resolution 25 (Cg-XIII) – Exchange of Hydrological Data and Products • Resolution 40 (Cg-XII) – Policy and Practice for the Exchange of Meteorological and Related Data and Products
– Danube River Protection Convention
– ISRBC’s Data Exchange Policy
• National legal framework UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava HIS
• Main objectives:
Common platform for sharing and dissemination of HM data and information in the basin
Common channel for exchanging and viewing HM data and information in emergency situations (e.g. floods)
• Additional (advanced) component of Sava GIS
• CUAHSI concept was used
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava HIS
• Sava HIS data exchange – ‘Real time’ H&M data • Water Level (river, lake or reservoir) • River Discharge • Water Temperature • Turbidity (for Suspended Sediment Discharge) • Precipitation (hourly, daily) • Snow depth • Air Temperature – Processed H&M data and statistics • Water Level (river, lake or reservoir) • River Discharge • Water Temperature • Suspended Sediment Discharge • Ice Condition (percentage of river cross section) • Precipitation • Air Temperature • Snow depth • Evaporation • Relative humidity • Solar radiation • Insolation duration • Air pressure • Wind (Speed, Direction) • Long-term data
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava HIS
Temporal Parameter Units Resolution
River, Lake or Daily (Mean) Reservoir cm Hourly Level/Stage Daily (Mean) River Discharge m3 s-1 Hourly Water Daily (Mean) oC Temperature Suspended Sediment Daily (Mean) kg s-1 Discharge Hourly (Turbidity) mg/l; NTU % of river cross Ice Condition Daily section or text description
Hydrological BA HR ME RS SI Total Stations 104 131 11 28 32 306
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava HIS
Temposal Parameter Units Resolution Annual (Total) Monthly (Total) Precipitation Daily (Total) mm 6/12 Hourly (Total) Hourly (Total) Daily (Mean) Air Temperature oC Hourly Daily Relative Humidity % Hourly Wind (Speed and Daily m/s Direction) Hourly Snow Depth Daily cm Evaporation Daily (Total) mm Solar Radiation Daily J m-2 Sunshine Daily (Total) Hours Atmospheric Daily hPa Pressure
Meteorological BA HR ME RS SI Total Stations 53 49 5 12 76 195
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Supporting actions for the Protocol implementation - modelling
Flood modeling with technical support provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers
Hydrologic model of the Sava River Basin (2010, 2014, 2016) Final Sava HEC-HMS model contains a separate basin models for each tributary basin and mainstem reach (22 models in total): - 1 for the complete Sava River basin (SavaFFWS) - 4 for the Sava River mainstem - 17 for the main tributaries
Sava River course "levee to levee with the buffer zone" from SI-HR border to Belgrade Main retention areas along the Sava River Hydraulic model Flooded areas due to levee breach 2014 Bosutsko-Morovicka lowland forest area of the Sava River (2012, 2016-2018) Cities Zagreb and Belgrade - areas (around 3.315 km2) - LiDAR based geometry (2017) - 2-D simulation possibilities - levee breach analysis
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Supporting actions for the Protocol implementation - modelling
• Middle Sava Retention Areas
• Reservoirs (1st Sava RBM Plan)
No Country HPP name River Basin River 1 SI Moste/Završnica Sava direct Sava 2 SI Mavčiče Sava direct Sava 3 SI Medvode Sava direct Sava 4 SI Vrhovo Sava direct Sava 5 SI Boštanj Sava direct Sava 6 SI Arto-Blanca Sava direct Sava 7 SI Krško Sava direct Sava 8 HR Lešce Kupa/Kolpa Dobra 9 BA Bočac Vrbas Vrbas 10 BA Jajce I Vrbas Vrbas 11 BA Jajce II Vrbas Vrbas 12 BA Modrac Bosna Spreča 13 ME Piva Drina Drina 14 BA Višegrad Drina Drina 15 RS Bajina Bašta Drina Drina 16 RS Zvornik Drina Drina 17 RS Bistrica Drina Lim 18 RS Potpeć Drina Lim 19 RS Uvac Drina Uvac 20 RS Kokin Brod Drina Uvac
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Supporting actions for the Protocol implementation - modelling
For a number of purposes of ISRBC: • Flood forecasting • Low flow forecasting • Flood impact analysis • Sediment transport modeling • Water quality modeling • Climate change analysis • Navigation purposes
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Supporting actions for the Protocol implementation
Official Title: Improvement of Joint Flood Management Actions in the Sava River Basin • Western Balkans Investment Framework / World Bank • Beneficiary countries: 19 institutions from 5 countries (BA, HR, ME, RS, SI) • Two Components:
C1 - Flood Risk Management Plan for the Sava River Basin - Implementation period: 2017-2018
C2 - Flood Forecasting and Warning System for the Sava River Basin - Implementation period: 2016-2018
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Flood Risk Management Plan • Initial steps – Sava Flood Action Plan, 2009 – Initial flood vulnerability assessment, 2013 – 1st draft Program for preparation of the Plan, 2013 – Joint PFRA Report, 2014 (incl. May ‘14 flood) – WATCAP, 2015 (Guidance Note on Adaptation to Climate Change for Flooding) – Program adopted, 2017
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava Flood Risk Management Plan
• 251 potential flood areas of importance for Sava FRMP were identified
• These areas were further grouped into 21 AMI areas (5,659 km2), 5.8% of the total basin surface, and a home to 1.4 million people, as the base elements for basin level analyses
• 42 non-structural measures (15 prevention measure; 11 protective measures; 16 preparedness measures)
• 38 national structural measures in areas of mutual interest (4 protective measure watercourse regulation, 34 protection measure channel, riverbank and flood area works)
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Flood forecasting and warning
• Initiated in 2003 by national NHMSs of the Sava countries SavaHIS components • ISRBC supported the initiative since its establishment
• World Bank supported preparation of assessment of the status and needs in national institutions in 2007 (estimate 16 mil USD) Existing models + A distributed physically based hydrological model W-FLOW
DelftFEWS UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Flood forecasting and warning System working in operational version ✓ 3 pre-releases and release 1.0 versions completed and delivered ✓ System servers established ✓ workshops and user trainings completed
❖ Versatile forecasting system for the Sava river basin ❖ Unique in the region and example for the rest of the world when it comes to transboundary cooperation on flood forecasting ❖ Technically challenging ❖ Organizationally challenging (5 countries, 19 organizations) ❖ Mature base for possible future extensions ❖ Sava FFWS is ready for operational use
Final Workshop and the hand-over ceremony held on 25th of October 2018
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava FFWS in use
Sava FFWS html web viewer
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Sava FFWS - low flow features WHY? • Forecasting of low flows is needed for: - Water resources ▪ Industry ▪ Agriculture ▪ Hydropower (INPUT DATA) ▪ etc - Navigation HOW ? • Using simulation models - Tuned with special attention to low flows • Low flow warnings - Threshold + duration (based on e.g. moving average) - Comparison to historical dry years
- Comparision to statistics (like Q1%, etc)
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Low flow features in Sava FFWS
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Other relevant activities
Flood defence emergency situations
• Procedures for emergency flood defence (EU IPA FLOODS Programme)
• Linking early warning to emergency management (EU IREACT project)
Integrated issues
• Sava River Basin Management Plan
• Water and Climate Adaptation Plan – Guidance Notes (e.g. flood protection) – Measures, recommendations
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019 Thank You !!!
Questions & Discussion
UNECE – Expert Group on Flow Regulation and Environmental Flows, June 11, 2019