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Scapa Flow Scale Site Environmental Description 2019

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Scapa Flow Scale Site Environmental Description 2019 Scapa Flow Scale Test Site – Environmental Description January 2019 Uncontrolled when printed Document History Revision Date Description Originated Reviewed Approved by by by 0.1 June 2010 Initial client accepted Xodus LF JN version of document Aurora 0.2 April 2011 Inclusion of baseline wildlife DC JN JN monitoring data 01 Dec 2013 First registered version DC JN JN 02 Jan 2019 Update of references and TJ CL CL document information Disclaimer In no event will the European Marine Energy Centre Ltd or its employees or agents, be liable to you or anyone else for any decision made or action taken in reliance on the information in this report or for any consequential, special or similar damages, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. While we have made every attempt to ensure that the information contained in the report has been obtained from reliable sources, neither the authors nor the European Marine Energy Centre Ltd accept any responsibility for and exclude all liability for damages and loss in connection with the use of the information or expressions of opinion that are contained in this report, including but not limited to any errors, inaccuracies, omissions and misleading or defamatory statements, whether direct or indirect or consequential. Whilst we believe the contents to be true and accurate as at the date of writing, we can give no assurances or warranty regarding the accuracy, currency or applicability of any of the content in relation to specific situations or particular circumstances. Title: Scapa Flow Scale Test Site - Environmental Description Code: REP416 Version: 2 Date: 16/01/2019 i ©EMEC 2019 Uncontrolled when printed Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope 1 1.2 Context 1 2 Location 2 3 Seascape 3 4 Seabed Habitats 4 4.1 Surveys 4 4.2 Physical 4 4.3 Biological 5 4.3.1 Regional context 5 4.3.2 Site-specific information 5 5 Plankton 8 6 Fish & Shellfish 9 6.1 Finfish 9 6.2 Shellfish 10 7 Ornithology 11 8 Marine Mammals 14 8.1 Seals 14 8.1.1 Grey seals 14 8.1.2 Harbour seals 15 8.1.3 Designated seal haul-out sites 15 8.2 Cetaceans 18 8.3 Otter 19 8.4 Turtles 19 9 Conservation Sites 20 10 Other sea users 27 10.1 Fisheries 27 10.2 Aquaculture 27 10.3 Commercial and recreational traffic 27 10.4 Recreation 29 10.5 Archaeology 29 11 Key Environmental Sensitivities 31 12 Monitoring and Data Sources 32 12.1 Other Sources of Environmental Data 32 13 References 33 Fisheries Sensitivity Maps for Orkney 38 Conservation Designations 42 Title: Scapa Flow Scale Test Site - Environmental Description Code: REP416 Version: 2 Date: 16/01/2019 ii ©EMEC 2019 Uncontrolled when printed List of Figures Figure 1. Location of the Scapa Flow wave test site .............................................................. 2 Figure 2. View from Burray across Scapa Flow to the eastern end of Scapa Flow ................ 3 Figure 3. Summary of select environmental sensitivities and survey information ................... 5 Figure 4. Images from Marine Scotland survey within the Scapa Flow test site (Moore, 2009) ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Figure 5. Special Protection Areas in the Orkney Isles (Source: SNH 2017d) ..................... 11 Figure 6. Summer and winter counts of bird species observed at the Scapa Flow test site, April 2011 - March 2012 (Source: EMEC 2012) .................................................................. 13 Figure 7. August counts of harbour seals in Scottish Seal Management Areas, 1996-2016. Data from the Sea Mammal Research Unit (Source: Duck et al., 2017) .............................. 15 Figure 8. Designated seal haul-out sites in Seal Management Area subdivision 4b (Orkney) as set out in an order made under section 117 of the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (Source: Scottish Government (2017b)) ............................................................................................ 16 Figure 9. Summer and winter counts of marine mammal species observed at the Scapa Flow scale test site, April 2011 - March 2012 (Source: EMEC 2012). .......................................... 18 Figure 10. Location of the Pentland Firth pSPA (Source: Marine Scotland, 2017b) ............. 21 Figure 11. Important foraging areas for breeding Arctic tern within the Pentland Firth proposed SPA (Source: SNH, 2017e) ................................................................................. 22 Figure 12. Orkney's Internationally & Nationally Designated Natural Heritage Sites (Source: OIC (2017b)) ....................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 13. AIS vessel tracks by type passing the Scapa Flow site (Summer 2009) ............. 28 Figure 14. AIS vessel tracks by type passing the Scapa Flow site (Winter 2010) ................ 29 List of Tables Table 1. Boundary coordinates (WGS 84) for Scapa Flow scale test site .............................. 2 Table 2. Summary of Marine Scotland survey results within and around the Scapa Flow test site (Moore, 2009) and Aquatera (2015)............................................................................... 6 Table 3. Designated haul out sites near Scapa Flow per the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 (Source: Marine Scotland (2017b)). .................................................................................... 17 Table 4. Observed grey seal breeding sites close to the Scapa Flow site (Source: Marine Scotland (2017b)) ............................................................................................................... 17 Table 5. Details of conservation areas within 15 km of the Scapa Flow site (Sources: OIC, 2018b, RSPB, 2018b, SNH, 2017c) .................................................................................... 24 Table 6. Details of conservation designations within close proximity to the Scapa Flow test site (Source: SNH, 2017a; 2017b; OIC 2018) ..................................................................... 42 Title: Scapa Flow Scale Test Site - Environmental Description Code: REP416 Version: 2 Date: 16/01/2019 iii ©EMEC 2019 Uncontrolled when printed 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Scope The function of this environmental description is as supporting documentation to inform consent and licensing applications for the Scapa Flow scale wave test site. In addition, the document can be used a reference material to inform potential developers coming to the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) to test their prototype devices of the environment within which the scale test site is located. This document should be used by potential developers to inform them of their responsibilities towards the receiving environment. An initial examination of seasonal environmental sensitivities has been undertaken, based on present understanding of the environmental characteristics of the area. The description covers the character of the physical, biological and human environment as well as conservation areas situated in close proximity to the Scapa Flow test site. The following sections provide background and a detailed description of each important environmental characteristic. 1.2 Context EMEC’s scale test sites were established following securing funding from the UK Department for Energy and Climate Change (replaced by the Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy). These have been sited and designed to allow developers to trial scale marine energy devices or device components – as well as full size prototypes – in less challenging sea conditions than those experienced at EMEC’s full-scale test sites at Billia Croo and the Fall of Warness. The key purposes for the scale test sites have been outlined below: Sites must be in benign conditions; Sites must be capable of use for testing of scale prototype wave and tidal devices in real-sea conditions Sites must be capable for use during rehearsal of wave and tidal operations and deployment techniques; Sites are equipped with ancillary equipment to enable monitoring of devices in situ and load dumping devices for shredding of electricity generated. Operational data will be communicated via the SCADA interface; transmitted by air from a communications buoy at each test site. Unlike the larger, established, wave and tidal test sites the scale test sites will not be connected to the grid and there will be no cabling from the test berths to shore nor will there be any onshore infrastructure provided by EMEC in close proximity to the test site. Therefore, a description of the intertidal or coastal habitats has not been included in this report. Title: Scapa Flow Scale Test Site - Environmental Description Code: REP416 Version: 2 Date: 16/01/2019 Page 1 of 42 ©EMEC 2019 Uncontrolled when printed 2 Location The Scapa Flow wave test site is located offshore from Howequoy Head near St Mary’s in Scapa Flow; the site is shown in Figure 1 in context with the wider area. The site is within Harbour Authority Limits, with Orkney Islands Council (OIC) Marine Services being the Competent Harbour Authority. Figure 1. Location of the Scapa Flow wave test site The following table provides the coordinates for the boundary corners of the site. Table 1. Boundary coordinates (WGS 84) for Scapa Flow scale test site Test Site Corner A Corner B Corner C Corner D Scapa Flow 58° 53.950’N 58° 53.170’N 58° 53.170’N 58° 53.950’N 002° 56.500’W 002° 56.500’W 002° 57.500’W 002° 57.500’W Title: Scapa Flow Scale Test Site - Environmental
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