Ptt. S^.IX62 — m —
V dnm e I WSKS TuesdayTuesday
No 1 - i | 20th13ihH May, ay, 1952 1952
PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES
HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE OFFICIAL REPORT
(Part I (Part (Part I—Questio(Part I - Questions I—Questions and Answers) and Answers)ns and Answers)I — ProceePardings other than Questions and Answers)
CONTENTS
Members Sworn [CoIb. 2— 18]. ,
parliament secbetabiat NEW DELHI
Price Six Annas (Inland) Price Two Shillings (Foreign) T B E Act r-i .. 2 . S J 1 5 ^ PARLIAMENTARY DEBATSMscL...... i^JSL-JA^ (Part I— Questions and Answers) OFFICIAL REPORT
37 38 HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE The Minister of Food and Agri culture (Shri Kidwai): (a) The foUow- Tuesday, 20th May, 1952 ing States have declared scarcity conditions in the areas noted against each : The House met at a Quarter to Eleven Ajmer.—The whole of Beawar Sub of the Clock. Division and parts of Ajmei^ and Kekri sub-divisions. LM r . S p e a m r in the Chair'\ Bombay.—^Districts of Ahmedabad, MEMBER SWORN Mehsana, Amreli, Broach, Kaira and Banaskantha. Shri K. Anandan Nambiyar (Mayii- ram). Kutch.—The whole of Kutch. Madras.—^Districts of Cuddapah^ Shri K. Subrahmanyam: I have Chittoor, Guntur, Nellore, Kumool, given notice of an adjournment Bellary, Anantapur, Chingleput, North motion. Arcot, South Arcot, Tirchira Palli and Mr. Speaker: Order, order He Coimbatore. knows that, that can be taken up after Madhya^ Bharat.—Southern Districts. the Question Hour, not before that. That is neither possible, nor proper. Punjab.—^Districts of Hissjft, Rohtak and Gurgaon. Shri K. Subrahmanyam: I didn’t know that. Rajasthan.—^AU Districts of Rajas> than, except Bhara^pur, 5 Tehsils ot Mr. Speaker: Members are expect Ganganagar district, some Tehsils of ed to know the procedure at least Alwar and Swai Madhopur district. from /their colleagues. He knows the procedure ot giving the adjournment Saurashtra.—Districts of Halar„ motion. Therefore, it should be Ghoilwad, Zalawad, Mardhya Saurash- presumed that he knows the other pro tra and Sorath. cedure also. That is no excuse. U.P.—^Eastern Districts viz. Mirza- pur, Banare^, Jaunpur, Ghazipur, ORAL ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Azamgarh, Ballia, Basti, Deoria, and Gorakhpur. F o o d a n d Water Scarcity ♦32. Shri S. N. Das: WiU the (b) All these areas have been in Minister of Food and Agriculture be spected by one dr other of the officers of the Central Governmen and a re pleased to state: port has been submitted in each case. (a) which States of the Indian Union have reported about the food and (c) The primary responsibility for water scarcity conditions , in their these, relief measures is that of the areas, giving the areas affected in each State Governments. A briefs note indi case; cating the measures so far taken by them and by the Centre is placed on (b) which of these areas have been the Table of the House. [See . Ap inspected by any officer of the Central pendix, I, annexure No. lO.j Government attd if so,, whether any report has been submitted; and Shri S. N. Das: May I know the (c) what measures have been adopt scope and the forms of help sought ed by the Central Government to give by the Part B States from the Central relief to the people? Government? 41 P. S. D. 39 Oral Answers 20 MAY 1952 Oral Answers 40
Shli Kidwai: We have been trying (b) if so, the basis and other details to rentier all the help that the States of the scheme; and have asked for. (c) the time by which the scheme Shri S. N. D ^; What were the forms will be executed? of help that each State sought from the Central Government? The Minister of Health (Rajkumari AinrH Kaur): (a) Yes. Shri Kidwai: Some have asked for grants for relief measures, some for (b) A short note giving the salient major irrigation works. A statement features of the Scheme is placed on has been laitl on the Table. the Table of the House. [See Ap pendix I, annexure No. 11.] Shri S. N. Das: Has migration been reported from any of these areas? (c) As soon as the required staff is recruited and other preliminaries are Shri Kidwai: There has been no settled. migration of people from these affected areas to other places in India. Shri B. R. Bhagat: What is the scope of the scheme? Will it cover all the Shri B. Shiva Rao: May I ask whe Government servants, or some cate ther in view of the excellent work gories only? done by the Army in Rayalaseema in regard to water supply, there is any Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: It includes scheme before my hon. friend for all Government servants and their extending the use of the Army in families. other areas? Shri B. R Bhagat; What is the fln- Shri Kidwai: I do not exactly know this scheme? if there is any scheme, but we will use Will the charges be met by Govern the Army wherever it is necessary. ment, or shared between Government and Government servants? Shrlmati Benu Chakravartty: Are we to take it that no reports have been Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: It will be coming from West Bengal about food shared by the Government and the scaro-ty? amount given in contribution. Shri Kidwai: It is not in the list that I have read j^st now, and that is all Shri A. V. Thomas: Is it the inten the ihformation that is avsftlable just tion of Government to extend the now. * schemes to other parts of India? Shri Gurupadaswamy: May I know Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: The hon whether there is no food scarcity in Member is aware the Government of Mysore? India can only extend it where Gov Shri Kidwai: Not that I am aware ernment of India servants are con cerned. In the matter of health, the of. States are autonomous. » Shri N. R. Naida: When did the Government come to know about the Shri M. L. Dwivedi: May I know if water scarcity in Rayalaseema? in certain categories of Government emplo3^ s , this medical aid is going Shri Kidwai: I am not aware. to be suspended, and whether any Shri S. N. Das: May I know whether appropriate increase is going to -be it is a fact that materials that will go made in the pay of these employees? " to improve water supply are not avail Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: No. able in sufficient quantity in the State? Shri Kidwai: I have not received Shri H. N. Shastri: Is it a fact that any papers on that subject. Government employees so far were given free medical service both for M e d ic a l F a c il i t i e s f o r G o v e r n m e n t themselves and for their families, and E m p l o y e e s why is it that now it is proposed to take some, money or to inflict this addi *33. ShW B. R. Bhagat: Will the tional burden on them? Minister of Health be pleased to state: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Uptil now (a) whether Government have ap only certain categories of Government proved of a Contributory. Health servants were given theze benefits and Service Scheme intended to provide what were known as fourth class ser medical facilities to Government vants had nothing at all. Under the employees and their families in Delhi new scheme, the benefits are going to and New Delhi; be extended to everybody. 41 Oral Ansioers 20 MAY 1952 Oral Answers 42
E x p o r t o f S u g a r a n d Gur* * . Mr, Speaker: Order order. *34. Sbri B. R. Bhagat: WiU the Shri R. K. Chaudhury: ...... what Minister of Food and Agriculture be countries particularly...... pleased to state: ■ Mr. Speaker: Order, order. Mr. (a) whether Government have per Chaudhury knows, as an old Member mitted export of Suger and Gur; that any Member desiring to put ques (b) if so, to what extent and on tions or to speak is not permitted to what basis; and do so unless called' upon by the Speaker. So all hon. Members wish (c) the reasons for the same? ing to put questions will follow this convention. I am watchful and when The Minister of Food and Agricul several i>eople rise, I have to make a ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) Yes. random selection and call upon any (b) Export of 25,000 tons gur and one. If too many rise, I pass on to 50,000 tons sugar has been permitted the next question. ' in the first instance. Shri Namblar: May I know if it is the policy of the Government of India Cc) Export of gur has been allowed to raise the price of sugar and gur? to check undue decline in gur prices and that of sugar to dispose of a part Shri Kidwai: It is certainly the of the surplus production. policy of the Government of India not to allow the prices of gur to be depres Shri B. R. Bhagat: May I know what sed too much because the cultivators is the current season’s stock of sugar will suffer. The sugar prices have and the estimated requirement, and been fixed in proportion to the sugar whether the quantity fixed for export cane price at which the growers sup has any relation to the surplus pro ply the cane. Therefore there is no duction? ' question of Government' desiring to Shri Kidwai: It is expected that at raise the price. The price is based on the' close of the season there will be the sugarcane price. -The price of 4 lakh tons of surplus sugar. sugar can be lowered, and will be lowered perhaps, but it is only when Shri P. T. Chacko: May I know whe the new cane is available and lower ther there has been any marked im cane prices are fixed. provement in the price of gur and. Shri B. R. Bhagat: May I know to sugar as a resuIA of the export per what extent the prices of these com mitted by the Government? modities have fallen as a result of the announcement ol the export of sugar Shri Kidwai: Sugar prices are fixed and gur? by the Government. The prices that were prevalent in the free market have Shri Kidwai: I have already answer come down some times lower thai> the ed that. fixed price, ^o far as gur is concern ed, when it was announced that export T e l e p h o n e I n s t r u m e n t s (I m p o r t ) would be permitted the prices rose but Ihey have again begun falUng •35. Shri Hukam Singh: (a) Will because nobody is prepared in foreign the Minister of Communications be countries to purchase our sugar. pleased to state whether any complete leleohone instruments were imported Ch. Ranbir Singh: May I know whes during the year 1951-52? ther sugar or gur is not purchased in (b) Were any . telephone parts foreign markets? imported during the above period and Shri Kidwai: Both. if so, of what value? (c) What was the number of instru Shri R. K. Chaudtaury: May I know ments produced by the Indian Tele what quantity of sugar has been actual phone Industries Ltd., Bangalore and ly exported and to what countries? the number assembled in the Posts and Telegraphs Workshops? Shri Kidwai: A very small quantity might have been exported by the The Minister of Communications merchants themselves but we are try (Shri Jagjivan Ram): j(a) Excepting a ing to negotiate now but find no few specialised telephone instruments, buyers in, other countries because complete- telephones were not imported. sugar is available to them at cheaper (b) Yes ; worth Rs. 2,72,590. rates from other surplus countries. (c) Indian Telephone Industries Ltd. Shri R. K. Chaudhury: May I know 21,628, Pests and Telegraphs Work shops 7,038. 43 Oral Answers 20 MAY. 1952 Oral Answers 44
Shri Hukam Singh: What are the Shri K. K. Basu: Mr. Speaker, will parts that we are unable yet to manu you please advise the Members of the facture here in this factory? Treasury Benches to muster more courage to answer their questions? Shri Jagjivan Ram: Only a few parts We cannot follow them. we are not in a position to manufacture, especially the dials and condensers. Mr. Speaker: If he is unable to follow Shri Hukam Singh: How soon do we I shaU ask him to repeat the answer. expect to be able to manufacture them here? Babu Ramnarayan Singh: But they must speak louder. Shri Jagjivan Ram: It depends upon Mr. Speaker: Order, order. Let so many factors: we are short of raw there be no remarks. I do not want material as well as the machinery. We any discussion on that point. have already placed orders for the im port of the machinery and as soon as I believe a special mention of this we get the machinery we will be able matter was made in one of the Parlia to manufacture these parts. mentary Bulletins. It seems the hon. Members have not carefully read their Shri Hukam Singh: Was there any copy of the Parliamentary Bulletin. A target of production during the last mention was made that the House is year and was that achieved? fitted with special sound arrangements and it requires some kind of training Shri'Jagjiyan Ram: Well, Sir, this of the ear. The difficulty is that many year we have produced 21,628 complete a time, some speakers just speak instrument sets. ^ aloud in th<^ microphone itself and Shri Hukam Singh: How many do they believe that if that is done, the you hope to produce next year? sound can be heard. It creates only a noise and nothing can be heard except Shri Jagjivan Ram: Well, we hope to ing the voice. Even by taking the time produce something more. ~ from the question hour, I should Jike Shri Gnrupadaswamy: May I know to read this for the benefit of all the when India will become self-sufficient hon. Members. In item No. 35 in the in telephones? Parliamentary Bulletin it is stated— Mr. Speaker: We wiU pass to the “Always speak as distinctly as next question. possible and slower the be iter.” The House has also to *be tuned to C hittaranjan L o c o m o t i v e W o r k s h o p - this. “Speak as if you are addressing *36. Shri Hukam Singh: (a) Will a large gathering, and in a volume the Minister of Railways be pleased which may be heard within 8 to to state whether the work of seUing up 10 feet around you. a Locomotive Manufacturing Work shop at Chittaranjan has been Alwajrs a^drtss the Chair which completed by now? is at a higher leyel than the floor of the House and do not look (b) What was the estimated cost downwards while speaking. The when the work was taken in hand? voice is always better heard when it is thrown out at free level end (c) What has been the actual ex- better still if slightly above the pen^ture in setting it up? face level when standing.” . (d) What is the total annual pro duction capacity? If hon. Members, therefore, try to look at the Chair and address at that The Minister of Railways and Trans level the sound will be easily caught port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) Yes. It by all. The voice is always better is practically completed. heard when it is thrown out at the face level and better still if slightly (b) Rs. 14*06 crores. above the face level when standing. The hon. Members will note how the (c) The expenditure upto the end of microphones are adjusted. February 1952^ is Rs. 13 02 crores and further debits are to be raised for im Shri Velayudhan: The Treasury ported machinery, equipment etc. Benches should also note. which could not be cleared due to non-receipt of bills. The latest esti Mr. Speaker: Order, order. mated cost is Rs. 14*93 crores. “Even when reading quotations (d) The installed capacity is 120 in the rourse of speeches, observe locomotives and 50 boilers per annum. the foregoing hill's. 45 Oral Answers 20 MAY. 1952 Oral Answers 46
Avoid looking back, tapping the Shri Hnkam Singli: What was the tables or microphone stands with production of locomotives, coaches and fingars or pencils etc. These dis wagons during the year 1951-52? turbances though not heard on the spot, do disturb the sound gistem. Shri L. B. Shastri: I require notice. The microphones, _ being very powerful, catch such disturbances Shri Hiikam Singh: Was all the steel very quickly thereby disturbing required for this production obtained the sDu’ad system.” from indigenous sources, or was some portion imported from outside? So, one of the reasons is that hon. Members are expected to be so com Shri L. B. Shastri; I require notice pletely silent, as not to make any whis again. pers from one to another because those whispers disturb the sound Mr. Speaker: For some days, he will system, completely and that is one require. of the reasons why hon. Members are Shri R. K. Chaudhury: May I know not able to catch the replies. Then— whether it has been possible to manu *‘Face the Chair even when facture a single locomotive with aU the answering an interruption which parts manufactured in India? has emanated from the rear or Shri L. B. Shastri: No, not yet. from other quarters of the House. Dismiss the thought of micro Shri T. K. Chaudhnri: Has it been phones and loudspeakers from possible to manufacture any locomotive your minds.” (Interruptum.) with some parts imported and some parts manufactured in India? No argument is permissible now. Order, order. If the haa. Member Shri L. B. Shastri: Yes. there does not hear, he will make Shri Nambiar: May I know...... better attempts to hear and induce (Interruption.) his neighbours not to conduct any conversations, and if he is still im- Mr. Speaker: I do not propose to able to hear, I am prepared to ask allow the hon. Member to put the the Minister to speak a little more loud question. I find that, in spite of my ly or repeat the answer. But the im warning, he is getting up and is begin portant point is that Members should ning to speak inmiediately without my observe absolute and complete silence. calling his name. With a soimd system of this type, it is impossible for people to go on whisper Shri Nambiar: A mistaken impres ing or talking or even tapping the table sion can be corrected. Sir. slightly and yet expect that there will he. no disturbance and the voice would Mr. Speaker: Order, order. Next be audible in every part of the House. Question. It is for this reason that we thought it necessary to make a special mention C o u n s e l l o r s jn P a r t ‘B’ S t a t e s of thife in the Parliamentary Bulletin. ♦37. Shri Hnkam Singh: (a) WiU We shall now proceed. thfe Minister of States be pleased to state what is the role of the Counsel Shri IL K. Basn: I request that the lors in Part ‘B* States appointed under answer may be, repeated, since the Section 371 of the Constitution? Minister himself is not used to the sound arrangement. ^ (b) Do these Counsellors merely tender their advice when invited Mr. Speaker: He need not enter into or is their advice binding on the Gov details. I am asking the Minister to ernment of the State to which they repeat the answer. are attached? Shri L. B, Shastri: (a) Yes. It is The Minister of Home Affairs an^ practically completed. States (Dr. Katju): (a) As my prede (b) Rs. 14 06 crores. cessor explcdned to the House on February 25, 1952, the functions of (c) The Expenditure upto the end of these officers will be to give advice and February 1952 is Rs. 13*02 crores and counsel to the State Governments. further debits are to be raised for im ported machinery, equipment etc., (b) Our intei*^ion is that suitable which could not be cleared due to non working arrangements as to the mat receipt of bills. The latest estimated ters on which the Counsellors will be cost is Rs. 14*93 crores. consulted and the manner and proce (d) The installed capacity is 120 dure of such consultation will be evolv locomotives and 50 boilers per annum. ed locally by discussion between the 47 Oral Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Oral Answers 48
Gounsellpr and the Chief Minister and Dr. Jaisoorya: Are the reauests of finalised in consultation with the Gov- these Counsellors like those of the old CTnment of India. In important mat British Residents, equivalent to com ters it will be open to the Counsellor mands? to ask for a reference being made to the Government of India in the event Dr. Katju: Not at all. of a difference of opinion. Dr. Jaisoorya: Is it a fact that the Shri Hukam Singh: May I know how Director-General of Police and the many occasions there were when the Chief Secretary cannot be appointed Counsellor made a reference to the without the consent of the Counsellor Government of India in the States and the States Ministry? Ministry due to a difference of opinion between the Counsellor and the poular Dr. Katju: That may have been so Ministry of P.E.P.S.U.? in the past. We propose to revise the whole procedure and the whole pro Dr. Katju: I cannot give statistics cedure is under consideration. relating to the past years. Shri Velayudhan: May I know whe Shri Hukam Singh: I only want ther there was any proposal to appoint statistics about the P.E.P.S.U. Ministry a Counsellor in the State from which after the popular Ministry had been set I come and whether it was dropped up within the last two months. because of the agitation? Dr. KatJu: There may have been one Mr. Speaker: Order, order. It need or two occasions. not be replied to. Shri A. M. Thomas: What are the Shri Radfaelal Vyas: May I know States in which Counsellors have been whether any of the States in which appointed? ^ Counsellors have been appointed have Dr. Katja: B Class States. " requested the Government of India to exempt them from the operation of Shri A. M. Thomas: All the B Clasd Article 371? States? Dr. Katju: I have already ventured Dr. Katja: Counsellors have been to say that there are numerous re appointed in B Class States. In some, quests, but request-making is one thing they have not yet been appointed and and discussion is quite another. in others they have been. Shri A. M. Thomas: Sir, I wish to B.C.G. V a c c in a t io n S c h e m e have a definite answer. What are the States in which Counsellors have been *38. Dr. Bam Subhag Singh: Will appointed? the Minister of Health be pleased to state the names of the States, where Dr. Katju: Counsellors have'been ap B.C.G. vaccination scheme is being pointed in Saurashtra; Rajasthan; carried out? Madhya Bharat—the gentleman who was appointed has gone on leave—; The Minister of Health (Rajkumari and m Hjoierabad. There has not Amrit Kaur): B. C. G. vaccination is been anyone so far in Travancore- being carried out in all the States Cockin. ' ' ' except Coorg, Bilaspur, Tripura and the Andamans. In the former three Shri P. T. Chaclto: May I know whe States also the programme is expected ther any State is exempted from the to start shortly. operation of Article 371? Dr. Ram Subhag Singh: May I know Dr. Katju: Mysore. the approximate number of persons who have been given B.C.G. vaccina ^ Shri P. T. Chacko: May I toow whe tion so far? ther any other State applied for exem ption? , ' Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: I think in the neighbourhood of 2i millions. Dr. Katju: It is difficult to answer that question with a “Yes” or “No” . Some discussions are going on. Shri N. S. Nair: May I know whe ther the • Government is prepared to I afk C? sTRfr I ?ft fira# fulfil the undertakmg given on the floor of the House during the time of # ? framing the Constitution regardmg Travancofe-Cochin in regard to its [Seth Govind Das: Does the Gov exemption from Article 371? ernment receive in this connection any Dr. Katjut I am not aware of any report from each State and if so, after particular undertaking of that type. how many months.^ Oral AiiiiwktV 20 MAY, 1^52 Oral Answlg^ -50
Tl^TFWrft ^ milk to U.N.I.C.E.F. was $184,230. The cost of transportation, storage and dis ^ 'TW STRft t, tribution was met by the State Gov ernments to whom the milk was £ Hot ted. Particulars of expenditure in curred in this connection by the State STRft ^ I ^ r '*1^1 ^o ^fto (Governments are not available. ^ o ^ 'HHFT Shri Velayudhan: May I know, Sir, whether the Government of India con tribute anything for this Fund? >PTr t I ^ ^ I-T ^ 3tt ^t: Rajkuinari Amrit Kaur: We do not contribute anything to any particular t ^ ^ ^ I • fund; but we do make a contribution to the U.N.I.C.E.F. as an organisation. [Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Reports I Shri Velayudhan : May I know, Sir, do receive but it is difficult for me to whether any portion from this is uti say after how many months they are lised for the benefit of children of_ received The number of persons who labourers in the factories? are given B. C. G. Vaccination is made known from the places where they are Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Yes vaccinated. We also follow up where- Children of factory labourers are fed. ever we can.] Shri Dhulekar: Is U.N.I.C.E.F. supply Shri B. Das: Is it necessary that the distributed on poulation basis or on hon. Minister also should reply in ahy other basis to different'States? Hindi when she speaks English so well? Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: We make Mr. Speaker: I think the choice is the distribution according to the hers, and besides, it is better that the demands from the States. I do not use of Hindi is extended more and think it is done on the basis of popula more. After all, Members have to tion. Very often where there is dis learn Hindi which is the State language tress in areas, for instance, like Bihar, now. - Assam and Rayalaseema in Madras, we naturally send all that we have. E m e r g e n c y C h il d r e n ’s A id F u n d *39. Shri Velayudhan: (a) Will Shri Dhulekar: May I know how the Minister of Health be pleased to much money is distributed to each state how much progress had been State? made by the Emergency Children’s Aid Fund in India in the year 1951? Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Money is not given; milk is given. The informa (b) How many children were fed tion that the hon. Member wants is in with milk in 1951? the statement appended to the answer. If he wants any more information, I (c) What is the'total amount spent shall be glad to supply It. in 1951 for feeding the chilnren in India? Shri Velayudhan: May I know whe ther Government have received any The Minister of Health (Rajkumari report regarding the misuse of this Amrit Kaur): (a) There is no Emer “milk supply by certain States? gency Children’s Aid Fund in India. Presumably the hon. Member is refer Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: Not onlyr ring to the health programmes initiated have we not received any report re in this country with the help of the garding its misuse; but we have receiv United Nations International Children’s ed letters of gratitude for the milk that Emergency Fund. A statement giving is being distributed. particulars of UJ^.I.C.E.F. programmes in India is placed on the Table of the Shri Sarangadhar Das: May I knowv House. [See Appendix I, amiexure Sir, if this is powdered milk imported No. 12.] from America or fresh milk supplied; from cows here? (b) Milk was received for distribu tion between July 1950 and December . Rajkumari Amrit Kaur: This milk 1951. The total number of feeds given comes from America; it could only be with this milk amounted to about 11*24 powdered millions. Shri Sarangadhar Oas: May I know (c) The total amount of milk used if the quality of the powdered article on the feeding of children was 8 8 is as good as fresh milk, or it is in^ million pounds. The total cost of this ferior': Si Oral Antwers 20 MAY. 1952 _Oral Answers 52
Mr. Speaker: I do not think we need go into it, (b) in what States, on what articles of food and to what extent it has re Itajkamari Amrit Kaer: It is certain sulted in increase of prices; and ly far better than the adulterated mDk (c) what State Governments have that we often get here ! taken steps against the rise of prices? Shri Velayudhan: )Tay I know whe The Minister of Food and Agricul ther it has come to the notice of Gov ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) This has ernment that the agencies which are resulted in an increase in the issue distributing the milk in Travancore- prices of rationed foodgrains except in ^Cochin have been misusing it and that Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, a lot of reports have appeared in the where State Governments have main ^ress regarding the misuse c Shri H. N. Shastri: Is there any pro Shri S. N. Das: What were the cir posal before Government to increase cumstances that led to the appointment the dearness allowance of their em of this Committee, in view of the fact ployees to enable them to keep up that the question of the location of with the rise in prices? Ganga Bridge was decided in favour of Mokhama Ghat? Mr. Speaker: I think the question is only remotely relevant, though not Mr. Speaker: I think that is an old irrelevant altogether. matter of history; there were many such questions in the House. Shri G. P. Sinha: Is it a fact that the withdrawal of food subsidy will sta- Shri S. N. Das: I want to know bi^ze the price level at a high rate what were the circumstances. and will help the industrialists only? Mr. Speaker: He may better study Shri Kidwai: I have already replied the whole record on this matter. to that question. Bihar prices are in the statement that is laid on the Table. Shri S. C. Samanta: May I know whether any interim report has been Shri A. C. Guha: Has Government received from the Committee? any information that the stoppage of the food subsidy has also affected the Shri L. B. Shastri: An interim report prices in non-rationed rural areas? has been received, but it is being further examined. Shri Kidwai: In some places it has; in other places it has not. ' Shri M. Khuda Baksh: May I know whether the hon. Minister’s attention Shri T. N. Singh: May I know (as has been drawn to a press report for instance in the State of Bombay) which appeared a few days ago that that the tlvee prices that were ruling, Farakha has been finally selected as -namely the procurement price, the im the site of the Bridge? ported grain price and the remote vil lage price, are still ruling after the Shri L. B. Shastri: No site has been withdrawal of the subsidy, or has there selected. In fact there are four sites, bean a levelling up of the prices so and the Committee have to take a far as rationed towns are concerned? final decision in the matter; and probably as I said, they will report Shri Kidwai: In the rationed areas soon. wher3 :he prices were lowered by the subsidy, the prices have gone up. Shrimati Tarkeshwari Sinha: May I know what is the amount of money G a n g a B r id g e spent in the preliminary consideration *41. Shri B. R. Bhagat: Will the of the site at Mokhama Ghat? 2^inister of Railways be pleased to state: Shri L. B. Shastri: I cannot give the figures just now, but if the hon (a) whether the recommendation of Member likes to have the information Mr. Visveswarayya regarding the I can give it later. location of Ganga Bridge site has been received by Government; P o l ic e A rrangements o n R u l w a y s (b) if so, whether the Government *42. Dr. Ram Snbhag Singh: Will has taken any final decision on the the Minister of Railways be pleased question; and to state: (c) if the answer to pjirt (b) above (a) whether it, is a fact that armed be in the aflarmative, when the cons police and detectives will be posted truction work is likely to commrace? in trains by the Western Railway Police to afford protection to passengers mak Jh9 AjUnister of Railways and Trans ing night journeys; and port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) Not so far. . (b) whether such arrangement will also be made on other Railways? (b) The reply is in the negative. The Minister of Railways and (c) The question does not arise at Transport (Shri L. B. Shastri) : this stage. (a) Yes. Certain armed police and detective staff accompany important Shri B. R. Bhagat: When is the re trains within the Bombay State on the port likely to be submitted? Western Railway. Additional watch is also kept on trains passing during Shri L. B. Shastri: I think very nii?ht at important stations, by special soon. Police staff posted at these stations. 55 Oral Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Oral Answers 56 (b) Such arrangements already exist in India for the biological control of on other Eailways in sections where locusts? they are considered necessary. Shri Meghnad Saha rose— L o c u s t I n v a s i o n Mr. Speaker: Order, order. Let the *43. Dr. Ram Subhag Singh: (a) hon. Minister reply. WiU the Minister of Fc»od and Agrical- Shri Kidwai: I think Dr. Meghnad ture be pleased to state whether it Saha will be in a better position to is a fact that the Anti-locust Research answer that. Centre in London has forecast the likelihood of India being invaded by Shri V. P. Nayar: Sir, my question new locust swarms from Eastern was to the hon. Minister. Arabia and Persia in the month of May? ' Mr. Speaker: That is what I am telling him. We are not sitting as a (b) If so, what steps do Gov conference of scientists. . ernment propose to take against the invasion? S e l f - sufficiency i n F o o d The Minister of Food and Agri culture (Shri Kidwai): (a) Yes. *44. Shri Jhnnjhunwala: Will the Minister of Food and Agriculture be (b) Government are alive to the pleased to state in how many years situation. They have been maintain India expects to be self-sufficient in ing a Central Locust Warni^ig Orga her food products? nisation since 1939. With the .outbreak of the present locust cycle in 1949, The Minister of Food and Agri this Organisation was e^anded and culture (Shri Kidwai): If the targets a control wing added to it in 1950-51. set by Planning Commission of in Further expansion by way of staff creased production are reached, the and necessary equipment has also •country should be self sufficient by the been effected to meet the locust end of the period of their Plan> mebafce. Full complement of equip ment such as power dusting machines, land rovers, wireless sets, motor Shri Jhunjhunwala: What were the vehicles for transport and necessary difficulties in the way of the Govern insecticides are being arranged. All ment which made them revise their the vulnerable .States are also building ^ Herget of becoming self-sufficient in up on parallel lines their respective 1952 to the time when the Plan Anti-Locust Organisations to m^et the succeeds? , situation. The total expenditure' in curred by the Union Government on Shri Kidwai: The hpn. Member had anti-locust measures during 1951-52 asked for the target. The target is was about Rs. 27 lakhs. thGDe in the Planning Commission’s Report which I think was also dis Sbri Kasliwal: May I ^ n o w how cussed here- The target is there. X-et many of these machines for the us hope that the Planning Commission’s destruction Of locusts have been lent Plan will go right and that by the end to foreign countries? of the period of the Plan we would be «elf-9ufficient in food. Shri Kidwai: There is no question of lending them to foreign countries. A Mr. Speaker: If I have understood report has been received that locusts the question correctly, what the hon. have invaded Persia, and it is in our Member really wants is figures for interests that they should be destroyed 1952—what are the estimated there than be allowed to come to requirements for 1952 and what is the India. Therefore we, are lending every amount of cereals expected. Is that help that we can possibly render. so? ^ Shri KasUwai: May I know w li^ e r Shri Jhunjhunwala; I want to know Pakistan is fully co-operating in \he what were the difficulties in the way of matter of destruction at the locusts? the Government which made them re vise their target Shri Kidwai Of course. Shri Velayudhan: May I know what Mr. Speaker: That will be a new kind of help we are lending to Persia question in this matter? Shri Eadwai: For 1951-52 our target Mr. S i » ^ r : Order, order. of production was 14 13 lakh tons. We have not yet received any report whe Shri Nayar: May I know ther we have reached the target or whether "any research has been done there has been some deficiency. 67 Orat Answers 20 m a y ; 1952 Oral Answers Shri Jfianjhunwala: What is the per Shri L. B. Shastri: In other com capita consumption which the Grovern- modities it has increased and in these ment has taken in view according to two it has decreased. the Planning Commission, for arriv ing at that figure? Shri G. P. Sinha: What is the per centage of capital goods imported and Shri Kidwai: Fourteen ounces per mainly from which country? head per day. Shri L. B. Shastri: If you look into Shri Jhnnjhunwala: How does it the statement, you will be able to cal compare with the pre-w'ar consump culate the percentage. tion of the people in India? Shri S. C. Samanta: From the state- Shri Kidwai: I am not in a position mtent, I find that there is a deficit to to say that just now. wards the €nd of 1951-52. May I know whether the estimated revenue Shri Chattopadhyaya: The hon. deficit will be met by increasing the Minister stated “if the targets set by basic river dues on the shipping of the Planning Commission are reach- gunnies, food grains, ores, etc.? ed'\ May 1 kn,w from him how big that “if’* is? Shri L. B. Shastri: We propose to increase the dues on coal from 4 pies Mr. Speaker; Shrimati Kale. to 6 pies per maund, arid we will be able to meet the deficit. Shrimati A. Kale: May I know whether it is a fact that Government Shri S. C. Samanta: May I know how had made a declaration that they will many complaints have been received obtain self-sufficiency of food in 1952? from the shipping companies and. trade interests about the shipping dilfi- Shri Kidwai: I think that is a matter culty experienced in the river of past history. In that year we have Hooghly, within the Port limits by the had to import more grain than we im reason of which this deficit is incurred? ported in the previous years. Shri L. B. Shastri: I am sorry, I Shrimati A. Kale: Are we not sup have no knowledge. posed to follow the promises given by past people? IMPORT OF W h e a t a n d R ic e f r o m Mr. Speaker: Order, order. C h in a a n d R u s s i a C a l c u t t a P o r t •46. Shri S. C. Samanta: Will the Minister of Food and Agricnlture be pleased to state: *45. Shri S. C. Samanta: Will the Minister of Transport be pleased to differ from country to country, it (b) if so, the details of the subsidy; ■would not be proper to compare the and price of rice of one country with the price of rice of other countries. (c) the subsidy given to various Indicfn Air-lines in the years 1950-51 Shri S. C. Samanta: I know and 1951-52 (Air-line-wise)? -whether the attention oE the Tion. Minister has been drawn to the state / JP*.® of Communications ment made by the Food Minister of (Shn Jagjivan Ram): (a) The method Madras about China’s refusal to ex of calculatmg subsidy has been decid port rice? ed. The amount to be paid is not pre fixed; it will depend upon the finan Shri Kidwai: Yes. There was some cial results of each company’s opera -such statement made but the facts are tion. as I have given in my reply.. (b) The hon. Member’s attention is Shri S. C. Samanta: Has any state invited to the reply given to part (c) ment been issued by the Government x)f Dr. M. M. Dass’s starred question to contradict the statement? No. 269 on the 28th February 1952 in the last Parliament. Since then, as a Shri Kidwai: Yes, a statement was result of a representation from the issued contradicting that. Air Transport Association of India on Shri H. N. Mokerjee: Will the hon. behalf of the air lines, it has been Minister please state if it is a fact decided that the new scheme should that a large proportion of the wheat be effective from the 1st January supplied by the Soviet Union was d*--- I"5? irstead of the 1st October 1051 lined by the Food Mirustry last yea: a- d that for the period 1st October to on the ground of the alleged lack of the 31st December 1951, subsidy at godowns? the flat rate of 8 annas per gallon of petrol consumed should continue to Shri Kidwai: 100,000 tons were be given to operators of scheduled air ofEered and they were accepted. services It ha? also been decided that under the new scheme the ceiling Shri H. N. Mukerjee: Is it not a fact of eight annas per gallon of petrol that the original o^er was for half a consumed should be calculated on the million tons of wheat out of which basis of the total subsidy payable to only 100,000 arrived because the Grov- all the operators taken together and emment of India told the Soviet Trade not the subsidy admissible to each Representative that they had no go- individual operator. In other words, =downs to stock the wheat? if the loss suffered by some operators is less than at eight annas per gpllon, Shri Kidwai: All that we required the balance would be rateably distri we had obtained. Therefore, there buted to the other whose loss exceed was no necessity of importing any ed that at eight annas per gallon. •more. (c) I lay a statement on the Table Shri Nambiar: May I know why an of the House. [See Appendix I, an- inferior instead of a high quality of nexure No. 15.] rice is selected for import from China and thereby a bad reputation is given Shri S. C. Samanta: May I know to the Chinese rice? why the non-scheduled companies have been debarred from the facility Shri Kidwai: The hon. Member is of this subsidy? -aware that there is already a com plaint in this country and it was Shri Jagjivan Ram: Because they evidenced in the supplementaries to are expected to earn. -day that the prices of imported grains are very high. Therefore we tried to 'get at a price at which we csua sell Shri S. C. Samanta: In how many or even by restoring the subsidy bring cases have financial assistance been it to the capacity of the average con given in the form of supplying petrol? sumer. Shri Jagjivan Ram: That is included in the list. The statement is laid on A i r - l i n e C o m p a n i e s (S u b s i d y ) the Table of the House. *47. Shri S. C. Samanta: Will the Minister of Communications be Shri S. C. Samanta: What other con pleased to state: siderations are taken into account in accepting the needs of individual com whether the revised quantum panies? subsidy to various Indian Air-lines have „ been decided by the Govern Shri Jagjivan Ram: No other con ment" of India; sideration is taken into account. 61 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Answers a s E r n a k u l ^ - Q u i l o n R a i l w a y L in e (iii) what are its functions; and (iv) what are the rivers in which *48. Kumari Annie Mascarene: (a) navigation is considered to be Will the Minister of Railways be possible? pleased to state what is the amount allotted in 1952-53 BiTdget for the The Minister of Railways and Trans Ernakulam-Quilon Railway Line? port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) Yes. A Board known as the Ganga-Brahma- (b) Will Government place a copy putra Water Transport Board has been of the result of the Traffic and set up to coordinate activities relating Engineering Survey recently conduct to navigation on the Ganga-Brahma- ed for the new railway line? putra system of rivers. (c) How long will it take to com (b) A copy of the Resolution issued plete the line and run the service? on the 8th March 1952 describing the composition and functions of the Board The Minister of Railways and Trans is laid on the Table of the House. port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) A provi ISee Appendix I, annexure No. 16.] sion of Rs. 4 lakhs is being made in the revised Budget for 1952-53 for the The more important rivers with commencement of the work. navigational possibilities are Ganga,. Brahmaputra, Bhagirathi, Kosi, ' (b) Copies of the traffic and en Ghagra, Gandak. Rapti, Mahanadi^ gineering survey reports of the pro Tapti, Narmada, Godar/ari and ject are placed on the Table of the Krishna. House. [Reports placed in the Libra ry. See No. P-16/52.] D e c c a n A i r w a y s ( A c c id e n t ) The estimates submitted by the Rail *50. Dr. P. S. Deshmnkb: Will way Administration are, however, Minister of Commnnications be under scrutiny and may undergo some pleased to state: * modifications. (a) the number of accidents to air (c) The Government are not in a crafts of the Deccan Airways in- position to state at present when the 1952; line will be completed, as this would ^ b ) the dates on which they occur- depend on when the construction is sanctioned and the availability of funds from year to year. (c) (i) the loss of life, (U) the number of persons injured seriously Knmari Annie Mascarene: May I and (iii) injured slightiy; knoT^ whether aiiy preliminary step (d) the causes so far known for besides engineering survey by way of these accidents; acquisition of land has been done? Shri' L. B. Shastri: Nothing has been (e) whether the aircraft were in done so far but Government has given sured, if so, for what amounts each; high priority to this project and we (f) how many passengers were in- propose to commence the work this sur^; year. (g) what was the total damage in> Kumar! Annie Mascarene: May I each case; and know whether any order has been (h) what action Government have given for materials necessary for this taken in each case? work? The Minister of Conuniinications Shri L. B. Shastri: No. Not yet. (Shri Jagjivan Ram): (a) Two. (b) 19th February and 30th April. WRITTEN ANSWERS TO (c) (i) 12 persons killed; QUESTIONS (ii) 11 seriously injured; and I n l a n d W a t e r T r a n s p o r t B o a r d (iii) 3 slightly injured. (d) The first accident is attributed *49. Shri A. C. Gnha: Will tlie to error of judgment on the part of Minister of Transport be pleased to the pilot while attempting landing at state: night. He misjudged the approach ar.d (&) whether an Inland Water Trans undershot and hit a tree. port Board has been set up; and The second accident is imder in (b) if so— vestigation. (i) when; (e) Both the aircraft were insured (ii) what is its composition; for Rs. 1,25,000 each. 63 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Answers 64 (f) Information is not available. vc) Is it proposed to provide any (g) Both the aircraft and the goods amount in the Budget for 1952-53 for carried on them were destroyed. The this project? value of such goods is net known. No property outside the aircraft was The Minister of Railways and Trans damaged. port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) The pro ject for a metre gauge connection bet (h) An Expert Committee investi ween Khandwa and Hingoli has been gated the first accident and made cer examined piecemeal on more than tain recommendations a copy of which one occasion in the past, but is now is laid on the Table. These recom being re-surveyed as a whole by the mendations have been accepted by Western Railway with the object of Government and are being implement providing the Railway Ministry with ed. A formal investigation by a Court- an up-to-date appreciation. of enquiry consisting of the hon. Mr. Justice N. Chandrasekhara- Aiyar, .of (b) When the up-to-date survey re the Supreme Court has been ordered ports and estimates are received, the and the investigation is proceeding. orcisct will be submitted to the Central Board of Transport for early STATEMEJTT consideration. Recommendations of the Committee of (c) No. . Enquiry on the accident to th^ Deccan Airways Dakota aircraft R a i l w a y S t a t io n a t A m r a v a t i VT-AXE at Nagpur aerodrome on *52. Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: (a) WiU the 19th February 1952. the Minister of Railways be pleased (i) There should be strict en- to state the amount provided for ■ forcement and checking of operat building the new railway station at ing procedures as laid down in Amravati (Amraoti) on the Central the Company’s Operating Instruc Region? tions and more effective super (b) Have Government considered vision over the flying habits of air- the possibility of changing the site of ci*ews; the station from the present location ai) in selecting the aircrew for to a site which would be more suit the operation of the night airmail able? service, it should be ensured that (c) By what time is the new not only the Captain but also the building expected to be completed? co-pilots are of proved ability and possess long and mature exper The Minister of Railways and Trans ience of air transport flying; ' port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) There is no proposal at present to construct (iii) the question of crew fati a completely new' Railway station at gue particularly on night services Amraoti, but an estimate amounting should be studied in consultation to almost Rs. 2 lakhs was sanctioned with experts on aeronautical medi in November, 1951, for a number of cine; , works relating to additional ameni (iv) normally, for landings at ties for passengers at this station. night, the requirement to make a (b) No. circuit or a partial circuit of the aerodrome should not be waived; (c) Work has been started on the additional amenities and is expected (v) every effort be made to acce to be completed by about May 1953. lerate the provision of high inten sity runway and approach lighting F a l l o w L a n d at Nagpur, regarding which the commit'ee noted, action had al ’ 53. Shri Balmiki: Will the Minister ready been initiated by the Civil of Food and Agriculture be pleased Aviation Department. to state; (a) the total fallow land which -was K h a n d w a -H y d e r a b a d R a il * L in k . reclaimed in 1950-51; •51. Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: (a) WiU (b) the estimate of siich land to be the Minister of Railways be pleased reclaimed in the year 1952-53; and to state the position of the .scheme for joining Khandwa with Hyderabad (c) what steps are being takefi by bord^:^a Akola? Government to develop fallow land? (b) Is there any likelihood of this The Minister of Food and Agricul project being taken up for early con- ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) 8,52,674 acres si#^tion? of cultivable fallow and waste lands. 65 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Answers 66 (b) 3,43,300 acres according to in The Minister of Railways and Trans formation given by the various State port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) and (b). Governments under the G. M. P’. Pro The regrettable incidents referred to gramme. This does not include lands arose as the result of action taken by which would be reclaimed by private the authorities of the State Govern parties without Government assis ment in discharge of their responsibi tance. lities for the maintenance of law and order. The questions, therefore, pri (c) The Central Government ad marily concern the State Government. vances loans to State Governments for Incidentally one of the two persons the purchase of tractors and equip who died was not a railway servant ment as part of. their State Tractor and the total number who sustained in Units or for advancing loans to private juries was fifteen. agriculturists for the purchase of such equipment. The Central Tractor Or S h e d s f o r J h a n s i R a i l w a y S t a t io n ganisation of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture also- undertakes reclama *57. Shri Dhulekar: Will the Minister tion of kans or forest lands on pay of Railways be pleased to state: ment of charges which are calculated on a ‘no-profit no-loss* basis. The (a) whether Government sanctioned State Governments on their part hire the con^ruction of sheds on the out the State tractors on a ‘no-pront platforms of the Jhansi Railway no-loss’ basis or at a subsidized rate* Station; ^and (b) what is the reason for the delay R i s e i n P r ic e s o r F o o d g r a i k s i n in taking up the construction? B o m b a y e t c . The Minister of Railways and Trans *54. Shrimati Jayashri: Will the port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) and (b). Minister of Food and Agriculture be The project for roofing the portions of pleased to state: platform at Jhansi, where trains are received, along with other passenger (a) whether it is a fact that the amenity worics, ha® been programmed prices of rationed foodgra;ns such as for 1953-54 aJid the question of delay, wheat and rice have gone up in therefore, does not arise. Bombay, Poona and Ahmedabad since the beginning of^ April, 1952; and E a s t e r n Z o n e (O f f ic e s ) (b) what steps Government intend to take to bring down the prices of *58. Shri U. C. Fatnaik; (a) Will these rationed food-grains? the Minister of RaUways be pleased to state what is the total mileage of railway line of the Eastern Railway The Minister of Food and Agricul (re-grouped zone) passing respectively ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) Yes, in case through the States of West Bengal, of overseas wheat, milo and overseas Orissa, Madras> Madhya Pradesh and and indigenous rice. Bihar? (b) Government are very much alive to the problem of high prices and have (b) Where is the Head office of this the question constantly under review. Eastern Zone to be located and where are the Divisional Superintendents’ offices to be located in each of the five States? D e a t h o f R a i l w a y W o r k e r s a t Gk>RAKHPUR The Minister of Railwasrs and Trans port (Shri L. B. Shastri): Ca) Route *56. Shri A. K. Gopalan: WiU the mileage of the Eastern Railway pas Minister of Railways be pleased to sing through different States is as state: • under: , (a) what action has been taken or (i) West Bengal, 1275 mUes. is proposed to be taken against tho^ (ii) Orissa, 837 miles. persons who caused the death of two railway workers on. 25th April, 1952 (iii) Madras, 251 miles. at Gorakhpur and inflicted injuri(?s on twenty other railway workers; and (iv) Madhya Pradesh, 1253 miles. (V ) Bihar, 1824 miles. (bj what compensation will be given to those who have suffered as a conse (b) The Head Office is located at quence of the use of fire-arms? Calcutta. The headquarters of the 67 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Answers 68 Divisions and Region are located under: State Divi^ioncl Headquarters Sealdah Howrah West Beagftl Asansol } Dinapore T obacco Dhanbad [♦60. Shri R. S. Tiwari: WiU the Regional Headquarter Minister of Food and Agriculture be pleased to state: Bila'pur Madhya Praiesh. (a) whether the production of tobacco in India is increasing or R a i l w a y W o r k s h o p s decreasing; - •59. Shri U. C. Patnaik: (a) WiU the Minister of Railways be pleased to (b) what is the rate of duty on state which are the workshops being tobacco: and run by the Union Government for (c) how this duty is collected?) construction of locomotives and coaches? The Minister of Food and Agricul (b) Which among such worktops ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) In .the years were previously run by the different immediately preceding the partition of Railway Administrations and now in the country the production of tobacco the different Zones? showed a general downward tendency. In the post-partition period the -produc (c) What facilities have been pro tion of tobacco has gone up except in vided at these workshops for training 1950-51 w h ^ on account of unfavour technicians? able weather conditions both the acreage and out-turn received a set The Minister of Railways and Trans back. port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) and (b). A statement giving the information is (b) A copy of the Central Excise laid on the Table of the House. [See Tariff Schedule on Tobacco is placed Appendix I, annexure No. 17] on the Table of the House. [See Ap pendix I, annexure No. 18.] (c) (i) Persons recruited as Ap prentice Mechanics and Trade Appren (c) The duty may be paid by the tices are given practical training in grower-curer himself, or he may trans these workshops for a period of 5 years fer his produce by sale to a wholesale according-to a well defined programme. dealer without payment of duty. In In some cases arrangements also exist the latter case, the wholesale dealer for the students of technical schools lodges the goods in a bonded war^ being given practical training in the house and the goods may be retained workshops. in that warehouse or any o.her bonded warehouse for a period not exc^dmg (ii) Besides the categories mention 4 years and the duty is paid at the ed above Government have recently time of clearance for consumption. agreed to give practical training to Engineering Graduates and Diploma A gricultural R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t e s holders from Engineering Institutions for a period of one year. *61. Shri M. R. Krishna: (a) Will the Minister of Food and Agriculture be pleased to state how many men have been trained in the Agricultural Research Institutes from 1949 to *S o. artTo t^ o 1952? . ?i*ii y h >Ht 1 15 •id'sin ^ f'Tr (b) How many of them have been absorbed in Government Agricultu ral concerns? ( t ) urmi ^ 4 ^ - The Minister of Food and Agricul ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) Presumably the hon. Member is referring to the Indian Agricultural Research Insti tute at New Delhi. At this Institute, ~/0 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Anniners 129 persons completed their po|t- Central, the Southern and the Western graduate training &bm 1949 to 1951. Railways are given beloW*: 62 more will complete Jtheir training by September, 1952. ' Ntimher^ of pattft^n- Amourht gets deteiUed oj fa^e (b) So far as information is avail- , Railway travelling ih(yiH and able, 106 have been absorbed m d>ff- proper passes or penalty ereat Govemme^Jt institutions (Cen tickets 1 ralised tral ks well as States). Rs. ALLOCATIOIIS o f FOODQBAINS TO STATBS Central 72^722 1,72,893 7. Shri S. C. S am a^ : t ^ Minister of Food and Agricultore be Southern 1,26,661 2,42,328 pleased to state: Western 91,578 2. 12,790 (a) the allocations of foodgralM made to different dfiflcit States m India from internal procuremeut ^ T e l e g r a m s (C o m p l a i n t s ) imports separately in the years 1949 50, 1950-51. 1951-52 and 1952-53 9. Shri S. N. Das: Will the Minis (Stffte by State and year by year); and ter of Commmiieations be pleased to state: (b) the division of allocations in (a) what was the tojtal number of each State (i) by civU population; compUunts in ^ ih^ circle regarding and (ii) to the industrialists? delayed delivery of telegrams both or dinary and express during 1951-52: The Ministef of Food and Aj^cul- ture (Shri IKidw^): (a) The ^ocation (b) the number of cases in which ^ foodip-ains under Basic Plan is enquiries were held; worked on the basis of the calendat ( c ) the number of cases in which year. A statement showing actual sup postal employees were fouD4 neg^ plies from 1949 to 1951 and quotas gent and punished; and fixed for 1952 is plared on the Table (d) the number of cases in which ot the House. [See Appendix . I, an- no Iziquiry was held? nexure No. 19.] The Minister of Communications (b) Only bulk allocations are given (Shri Jagjivan Ram); (a) to (d). In to the States and tiiey u^Uise it to formation is being collected and will gether with the grains Procur^ l o c ^ be laid on the Table of the House. to meet the requirements of both the civil and the industrial population. L i v e s t o c k 10. Pandit Mnnishwar Datt Upa- dhyay: (a) WiU the Minister of Food T ic k e t l e s s T r a v e l l i n g and Agricnltnre be pleased to state what was the total number of live 8. Dr. Ram Subhag Singh: WiB stock in the covmtry in every State the Minister of Railways be pleased and of every species on the 31st March, to state: 1952? (a) the total number of passengers (b) What is the birth rate of each who were detected and charged for species and what is their death rate? travelling without tickets in the Central. Southern, and Western (c) How many die natural death? ways in the month of January, 1952* (d) What is the amoimt of fodder and available per head? (b) the total amount oI money col (e) What was the area under lected by the Railway Administra fodder cultivation during the last tion by way of excess fares and two years? penalties from those ticketiess travel The Minister of Food and Agricul lers during the said period? ture (Shri Kidwai): (a) The last quin quennial census was conducted in May. The Minister of Railways and Trans 1951 and subsequent months. A state port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) and (b). ment giving the available information The number of passengers detected is placed on the Table of the House. travelling without proper passes or [See Appendix I. aanexure No. 20.J tickets and the total amounts of fares and penalties realised from them dur (b) Not available. ing the month of January 1952 on the (c) Not known. 41 P.SD. 71 Written Answers 20 MAY, 1952 Written Answers 72 (d) This varies from area to area. accounts of the year have not been The average amount of roughages in closed finally but the revised estimate cluding cultivated fodders, strawis and is likely to be realised in full. grass is estimated at 10 lbs. per head per day on a dry basis. A m r a v a t i -N a r k h e d R a i l w a y L in e (e) About 10 million acres. 12. Dr. P. S. Deshnmkh: (a) Will the Minister of Railways be pleased - P . & T . D e p a r t m e n t (I n t e r e s t to stale the position of the scheme to AND P r o f i t ) connect Amravati with Narkhed by 11. Shri Hukam Singh: (a) WiU rail on the Nagpur Delhi route? the Minister of Communicatioiis be pleased to state whether, any interest (b) Is there any likelihood of this on capital payable to Greneral Reve matter being taken up for early con nues was paid by the P & T Depart sideration? . ment during the year 1951-52 and il (c) Is it proposed to pro\ide any so, what was the amount paid? amount m the Budget for 1952-53 for the project? (b) What amount was appropria ted tox Renewals Reserve Funds The Minister of Railways and Trans during the year? port (Shri L. B. Shastri): (a) The (c) What, if any, was the amount Traffic survey qf the project has been of profit earned by the Posts and completed; Engineering Survey was Telegraphs Department during the partly done and further work was sus year 1951-52? pended as the line is not among the list of projects so far approved by the The Minister of . Commiinications Central Board of Transport. The (Shri Jagjivan Bam): (a) Yes. Revis preliminary reports received revealed ed Estimate of Interest on Capital^ that the project would not be remu payable to General Revenues, for the nerative. This project will be recon year 1951-52, after allowing rebate on sidered by the Central Board of Trans the afccumulated surpluses is Rs. 1*31 port along with other projects in lakhs. Actual figures for the year Madhya Pradesh in due course. 1951-52 are not yet available, as the ac counts have not yet been closed. (b) There is no likelihood of this project being taken up for considera (b) Rs. 75 lakhs. , tion till other projects of greater im portance already approved by the Cen (c) Revised Estimate of profit for tral Board of Transport are carried out. the year 1951-52 is Rs. 3*87 lakhs. The (c) No. G a z w tr * ^ nobstss action f »C Dm H o .lF ^ v iii; Btodc'C* THR ACC» .... PARLIAMENTARY DEBa«a&...... a£:.ii:.2^ J3l_ (Part II— ^Proceedings other than Questions and Answers) OFFICIAL REPORT 158 167 HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE basis a discussion can take place in this House, unless we have all the re Tuesday, 20th May, 1952 levant facts before us. It may be a pure accident; it may be somebody’s negligence; it may be somebody’s effort by way of sabotage. The House met at a Quarter to Eleven There are so many possibilities. of the Clock. What is it that we are going to dis cuss within almost 24 hours of [M r. Speaker in the Chair] the happening, however tragic it may QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS be? The better course for the hon. Members would have been, in (See Part I) such circumstances, to put in a short notice question and get information from the Govem - 11-45 A.M. ment, and look at what the facts are, because, the discussion has MOTIONS FOR ADJOURNMENT to proceed on facts. It is a very wrong practice to table an adjourn Train Accident near Bikaner ment motion immediately without knowing oneself what the facts are. Mr. Speaker I have received three All of us are ignorant about these notices of adjournment motions from facts. So, I do not think I need Messrs K. Subrahmanyam, Vittal Rao discuss this matter any further. I and M. L. Dwivedi. Each of these cannot even recognise the adjourn refers to the same subject, namely, ment motions. That apart, it is the unfortunate accident near Bika enough for me to say that I cannot ner, I believe on the night of the ^ v e my consent to these motions. Let 18th at 11 P.M. when 45 passengers it not be misunderstood by the hon. lost their lives and 61 were injured. Members who have tabled these We are all very sorry indeed for this motions and by the House that I have mishap and our sympathies naturally no s3Tnpathy for the unfortunate suf go to the families of the deceased. ferers of the accident With all my But, at present, I am not concerned s]pTipathies, I do not know what to with that aspect of the matter. The discuss without knowing what the question for decision is whether such facts are. So, the first step wiU be a subject can come at all by way of if the hon. Members are so advised an adjournment motion. and if they think proper, to table such In the first place, I should like to a question as they like and get in make it clear that whatever the formation from the Government However, though I do not give my nature of the disaster, the extent of consent, I should like to know from it and all that, the thing has hap the hon. Minister of Railways such pened and I do not see any urgency for the discussion. From that point facts as he can give about this, if he has any at present. It is too of view, the element of urgency is early; but, he may have some fgcts. lacking in this. It is not any con It will be better if he states those tinuing thing so that one must im mediately rush to discuss that. It facts so that the House may feel at has happened; very unfortunate in ease as to what actually has happen deed. That is one part of it^ so far ed. Can he make a statement now? as the admissibility of the motions is concerned. The Prime Minister and Leader of Then, another supervening difficul the House (Shri Jawaharlal Nehru): ty is, I really do not know on what Well, Sir, if I may say so, with all 27 P.SD. 169 Motions for Adjournment 20 MAY 1952 Papers laid on the Table 160 [Shri Jawaharlal Nehru] respect, the only course one can follow composite bogie mounted the tele just now is to give the facts we scoped bogie in front and fell on one have. One can hardly discuss the side. Both the locomotives were matter before the enquiry is over. badly damaged. The damage to With your permission, Sir, at the out track was negligible. It appears to set, I may give the information thiat be a case of wrong line clear having we have received till about an hour been given to one of the two trains. ago. The system of working on the section is by paper line clear ticket. On 18th May, 1952, at about 23 hours, there was a head-on collision Enquiry by the Government Inspec between 24 Dn. mixed train from tor of Railways, Bombay, has been Merta Road to Bikaner and 221 up fixed for the 22nd instant at Bikaner. goods train from Bikaner to Merta The General Manager, the Chief Road, between Bikaner and Palana Operating Superintendent and the stations of the Northern Railway. Chief Medical Officer, Northern Rail The site of accident is about seven way, flew from Delhi at 9-30 hrs. on miles away from Bikaner. Deaths the 19th for Bikaner on their way to 45: 36 or 35 at site and the rest on the site of accident. They also went the way when they were being taken round the Bikaner Hospital ' to see to the hospital. This includes one fire the condition of the injured. man of goods train. Injuries: at present there are 50 in the hospital. The line was blocked by the wrec kage. I might mention that the two The first report from the site of engines were so badly inter-locked accident issued by the guard of 24 that it was difficult to separate them. Dn. through a spare guard reached As a result, the subsequent trains Bikaner at about half an hour after from Bikaner and to Bikaner were midnight on the 19th. Relief train caticieill^d. According to information with two senior doctors from Bikaner available now, through communica hospital, full medical equipment, tion is expected to be restored bet water for drinking, generating set ween 12 o’clock and one this after for lighting and empty coaching stock noon, that is, in about hour’s for patients left Bikaner at 2.00 hrs time from now. and reached the site at about 2-30 hrs. This relief train was also ac- That is all the information I have, compained by some railway officers Sir. of the Bikaner Division and civil and police officers. PAPERS LAID ON THE TABLE Before the arrival of the relief train, railway staff assisted by other passengers removed some injured Report of Indian Delegations to persons from the wreckage and the F. A. O. remainder were taken out by special The Minister of Food and Agricul staff on the relief train with the aid ture (Shri Kidwai): I beg to lay on of electric light from the generating the Table a copy of the Report of plant on the relief train. At the the Indian Delegations to the thir same time, necessary medical aid teenth session of the Food and Agri was rendered to all injured at the culture Organisation Council held at site. Rome in November, 1951 and the All injured were removed to Bika sixth session of the Food and Agri ner Hospital where full medical atten culture Organisation held at Rome tion, including transfusion of blood in November-December, 1951. [Placed plasma, etc. and setting of fractures in Library. See No. IV. L 3(84)]. in plaster, was given to all injured by mid-day of the 19th. Full com Shri D. D. Pant (Almora Distt.— forts for treatment, including b^ds North East): We are not able to for all, in the hospital were ensured. hear, Sir. ” Fifteen were discharged after medi Mr. Speaker: The hon. Member cal treatment in the hospital by the will find it in the Order Paper. mid-day of the 19th and 52 were still in the hospital. Now, there are Shri D. D. Pant: The microphones... 50. Mr. Speaker: No argument; noth Three passenger-bogies, all third ing of the kind. class, next to the engine of passenger train were completely telescoi^ Shri D. D. Pant: Perhaps the micro and the fourth I, II, Inter and Ul phones are not working. 161 Indian Tariff 20 MAY 1952 (Second Amendment) Bill W2 Mr. Speaker: I think the hoQ. RESERVE AND AUXHilARY AIR Member is coming to very hasty con FORCES BILL clusion about it. The conditions necessary are not being observed by The Minister of Defence (Shri Go- the Members. I am myself distur palaswami): I beg to move for leave bed by these uiterferences. I dis to introduce a Bill to provide for the tinctly hear some talk going on, here. constitution and regulation of certain Perhaps the microphones are work Air Force Reserves and also an Au ing too powerfully. xiliary Air Force and for matters connected therewith. N otification under Calcutta P ort A ct The Minister of Railways and Trans Mr. Speaker: The question is: port (Shri L. B. Shastri): I beg to lay on the Table a copy of each of the “ That leave be granted to in ^ollowing papers, in pursuance of sub troduce a Bill to provide for the section (1) of section 6 of the Calcutta constitution and regulation of Port Act, 1890: certain Air Force Reserves and also an Auxiliary Air Force and (i) Ministry of Transport’s Noti for matters connected therewith.” fication No. 9-P K D /52, dated the 6th March, 1952; The motion was adopted . and Shri Gopalaswami: I introduce the ' (ii) Statement showing the re BiU. distribution of seats of elec ted commissioners on the Calcutta Port Commission. (Placed in Library. See No. MOTION ON ADDRESS BY THE P-10/52]. PRESmENT.—Contd. Mr. Speaker: We shall now resume the debate on the Presidential Ad DISPLACED PERSONS (CLAIMS) dress. I n e ^ not, I think, read out AMENDMENT BILL the Motion of Thanks as it will only The Minister of BehabiUtjition take time. I will now call upon (Shri A. P. Jain): I beg to move for speakers, and I will make a request leave to introduce a Bill to amend in view of the large number of the Displaced Persons (Claims) Act, members who seem to be anxious to 1950. speak. It will be better if the hon. Members will stick to certain speci Mr. Speaker: The question is: fic points if they can, and be as short as possible. Of course, I have “That leave be granted to in set not more than 15 minutes, but troduce a Bill to amend the Dis it does not mean it should not be placed Persons (Claims) Act, less than 15 minutes, and if Mem 1950/’ bers observe a general rule of about The motion was adopted. ten minutes, it will be very much the better. Shri A. P. Jain: I introduce the BilL There is an announcement which I have to make, and that is, a request INDIAN TARIFF (SECOND AMEND has been made to me and fairly sup MENT) BILL ported by sections of this House, that instead of meeting from 10-45 The Minister of Commerce and In A.M. to 5 P.M., we should have one dustry (Shri T. T. Krishnamachari): I sitting and the House may meet in beg to move for leave to introduce the morning only from 8-15 a.m. to a Bill further to amend the Indian 1-0 p.m. I think that suits the Tariff Act, 1934. convenience of Members. Now, this change will come into force from Mr. Speaker: The question is: day after tomorrow. The point is “That leave be granted to in that I do not like to disturb now the troduce a Bill further to amend present timing arrangements about the Indian Tariff Act, 1934.” this debate; and therefore, after this debate is over by tomorrow, we will The motion was adopted. have the sitting at the changed tim ings from day after tomorrow. Of Shri T. T. Krishnamachari: I in course, the question hour continues, troduce the Bill. unless it is the pleasure of the House fo drop it. 163 MoUon on Addreu 20 MAY 1952 by the Prt8ident 164 An Hob. Member May I know, S|r, wfaeHhek* Parliamckit Secretariat Constitution, but that it has main- will arrange to supply j^apers in the trained peace and tranquillity in spite afternoon so that we will have time of some of the friends sitting opposite, to read them in the morning? and has done many good things for which everyone in the country ought Mr. Speaker: We have fixed up cer* to be genuinely thankful. The Co’n- tain arrangements consistent with the gress and the country have been en work of the House as also the strain dowed with an inspiring leader who> of work on the Secretariat. They amongst other qualities, enjoys one will be given due notice about the peculiar quality, of being able to see timings as they are changed. The the other side of the question. He distribution of tomorrows Parlia hardly ever hesitates to admit er mentary Bulletin will take place by rors, mistakes or defects. With the evening or at night. such a leader, I flnnly believe that constructive suggestions emanating 12 Noon from the Opposition will go much fur An Hon. Member May I make a ther than sheer abuse or harangues. suggestion, Sir, for your considera So, even at this very early stage, I tion? Rather than sitting in the must suggest to my friends opposite that they should not repeat their ner- morning, it would be better to sit formances in the election campaign, in the afternoon. but should try to adjust themselves to a parlianientary Opposition con Hon. Members: No, no. tenting themselves with making sug gestions to this responsible Govern Mr. Speaker I believe the House ment established under the Constitu will appreciate the enthusiasm of the tion. Before this group of friends hon. Member, but then it will not came to this House, some of ;is used be possible looking to the fact that to perform the duty of self-exami- our huma?L energies are very much na^on atnd seLf-critlcism. We were limited. in a way, and sometimes at any rate, almost performing the functions of Dr. P. S. Deshmnkh (Amravati an Opposition. That role we need East): I am glad to have this early not play any more, because a set o f opportunity of speaking in this new fblrly large and youthful people and House. This House is new not In representatives have come to the its walls or its benches. It is consi House. They may not l>e so fair in derably new in its composition. I their complexion, they may not be am therefore speaking to a different dominated by the fair sex to any great extent, but nonetheless, they House from its predecessor, and il have come here for the purpose of my speech is different from my old opposing the Government established speeches, I hope, no uncharitable construction will be placed upon it. by the Constitution. Without indulging in any detailed Shri Nambiar (Mayuram): Sir, I comparison between this House and wish to raise a point of order. The its predecessor, I make bold to say hon. Member has cast an aspersion on that this House is the real represent the colour and complexion of those tative House of the People elected who have come from the South. by the People's direct vote without any intermediary. This was not a Mr. Speaker: I hope hon. Members mere accident, but a deliberate choice of this House will cultivate a sense o f and decision of the Congress Party good humour also. Let there be no that we have adult franchise in the tension of nerves, and things will be country, and even "SP the Opposition quite all right. is not prepared to accept the good points of the Congress Party in other Dr. Deshmnkh: I meant no offence^ respects, I put it to them that they Sir. owe it to the Congress Party that there is adult franchise and it is be An Hon. M em ber Is it not the duty cause of this that they have had this op of an hon. Member to teach parlia portunity of coming to this House. mentary practice and code of pro My friends sitting opposite have been cedure to the hon. Members who have making various complaints. It is come here? certainly their duty to do so. Yet I Mr. Speaker Yes; if the ho^i. Mem would like them always to keep in bers who have come afresh make it their hearts the realisation that the a point to hold their tongue at least Congress has not only won the freedom for one session, I am sure they will of the country, has not only given to leam much more. And it does not the country the most democratic create a good impression on anyone 163 Motion on Addretg 20 M AY 1952 by the President 166 that hon. Members should_butt in is diffterent from its predecessor in and try to raise flimsy pomts of spite of the fact that many old Minis order or points of information and ters still continue. It is new because aU that. As I said yesterday, we are there is, I feel certain, a realisation here engaged in a very solemn busi in the heart of every one of them ness. We are not here to cavil or that there is no room for compla even to blame each other. We may cency, there is no room for experi differ, we may be strong in our cri ments, there is no room for platitu ticism but Jthat does not justify this des any more. The present Govern kind of an exhibition of tension of ment of India has to bend all its nerves. I would thereforeT only re energies to deliver the goods and I quest my young friends, my new am convinced that they are in a friends, not to be so much upset. In position to do so. It has been amply fact, it is ^ e essence of Parliamen demonstrated to everyone in the tary debates that the atmosphere is whole wide world a cordial one and the good mood of •^tate^ thT" - IndlaiT masses- m av~^- the House is kept not by a lower type of speech but go^ himiour and ______sometimes this humour is permissi doing; he has known what he has ble, it is enjoyable. At the same done and he will know what to do time, I would also say to hon. Mem in the future if people in whom he bers that, in view of the tempera declared his faith are found wanting. ments that we have noticed now and I have said this deliberately in order as a result of these objections, to admonish ourselves, to give a be Members will restrain themselves fitting caution and a warning and and see that they do not joke at our leader has never be^ slow to people wjio caimot appreciate these draw our attention to this very im jokes. ^ portant fact. I do not wish to uti lise this opportunity in referring to humdrum matters but would refer as An Hon. Member. As a point of briefly as possible to certain criti information I would like to know ------cisms of the Government of India that have been levelled by some^ promi Mr. Speaker: Order, order. My nent Members of the Opposition. It point is to be as quiet as possible— is very wrong to suggest that we do non-interference. But if I find that not regard the scarcities and famine any hon. Member persists in that conditions— if the word famiiie is sort of a thing it will be a painful more attractive to my friend, Shri duty to take serious notice of it. The Gopalan—prevailing in various parts hon. Member must give a patient of India. Let me assure him and hearing. He must not butt in every the other Members of the Opposition now and then as he did thrice yes that none is more anxious to face the terday—I noticed it— and he is doing situation and to prevent the suffer it now. That is not a fair or proper ing of the people at the earliest possi way of conducting the proceedings ble moment. This is not a hollow as of an assembly like the Sovereign surance inasmuch as this is not the Parliament of India. Therefore, I first time the Government of India hope the hon. Members will appre has faced similar difficulties. ciate that just as they want other people to control their humours and [S h ri M. A. Aytangar in the Chair] tempers they will start with their own side and set a good example. So A worse situation faced us last year not let there be no disturbance now. only in Bih^r but in several other If a Member speaks an unparliamen parts of India. I think it is no ex tary expression, certainly, my atten aggeration to say that the Govern tion may be invited to it—I myself ment of India came out of the ordeal am very alert on that point and do with as much success as could have not allow such expressions. But let been ever possible for anyone. It is there be no interference every now unfortunate—and I hope no offence and then. ^— will again be taken—that most of the Members of the Opposition hap Dr. P. S. Deshmiikh: I would there pen to come from scarcity areas. fore, in the changed circumstances, There is also a twinkle of a hungry take upon myself the role of instruc look in their eyes. I do not regard ting my friends opposite in the it as my very great fortune that I many good points contained in the come from a surplus area and look Congress Party and the virtues of somewhat more prosperous, but I feel the present Government of India. certain that but for what the Gov This House is different from its pre ernment of India has done and is decessor. J feel safe in asserting doing even at this very moment the that the present Government of India situation in Rayalaseema would have 167 Motion on Address 20 MAY 19S2 by the President 16ft , j;nr. P, s. Deshmukh] nesirer loeea -what it was and 1 am Government has also been critici siEDB if the»e are scarcities occurrinif sed so far as its foreign policy is con aod iDcmasing in other parts the cerned, and what is the foreign policy Qovemment will soon draw its own which my bon. friends ha.ve to re attention to it and will rectify the commend? There is one tenet by position as best_as possiljle. which they swear. We must whole In this world everybody wants heartedly join the Communist bloc more money from somebody else. It is and be a part and parcel of it! On latural, therefor^, that there should the one hand, they criticise the Gov be a hue and cry against the stop ernment of^India by saying that they page of subsidies. It may ^e that are not pursuing an independent this step was taken at a wrong psycho policy. Where will this independence logical moment, but if my friends be, I ask them, if the Government o£ can be taken by what they India were to give up their own hiave said and if I can also presume policy which is based on principle that they dislike spoon-feeding from and join the Communist bloc? Is the top, they will have to admit that there any scope for an independent they cannot go on subsisting on the foreign policy once the Government Grovemment of India’s subsidies for of India joins the Commimist bloc? ever. Yet I urge that the question may be examined in all its bearings Then, it has also been urged that and if the stoppage of the subsidies the Government of India suffers from alone is responsible for the hardships, many scandals. I am not sorry that I am sure the Government of India there are so many scandals, because will appropriately modify their policy. I know that it is the dislike of these Some hon. members have ridiculed scandals in the minds of the Minis large irrigation and river valley ters and the Congress Party that has projects. I do not think any sensible enabled us to unearth them. If we person can condemn the river valley were enamoured of them, or felt- projects. I however agree that if ashamed of them, or if we did not smaller projects would yield quicker I think that unearthing them would results some priority may yet he j serve a great national puroose, it yielded to these smaller irrigation would have been quite easy to camou« projects and the whole investment flage many of these affairs. So, in may not be locked up in the la.-ger stead of thanking the Government projects alone. It is one thing to of India and appreciating what the suggest this examination or modifi I Government of India is doing, they cation and quite another varsuely to are throwing accusations when there assert that crores uf rupees are being is no basis for them. squandered on the river valley pro jects. My hon. sister, Mrs. Kripalani Making this speech on this Ad complained that she did not discover dress, I want to suggest a few any inspiration, any fire in the Ad things. The first thing is that the dress. Backward Classes Commission pro I would like to read cnly two sen vided for under article 340 of the tences from the Address, Constitution should be appointed at the earliest possible moment. This In paragraph 5, the President said: matter was referred to more than once in previous speeches and the “ I earnestly trust that, in the matter is such that I see no difficulty great tasks that face us, jrou will in the way of the early appoint remember this ancient and ever- ment of this Commission. new message of India— viz. of peace and non-violence— and will woiic in a spirit of cooperative The second thing which I wish ta endeavour, placing the cause of urge with all the emphasis at my the nation and of humanity above command is that the Government of aU lesser objectives. We have India should give direct assistance to build up the unity of India, and encouragement to cottage indus the unity of a free people work try products, so that it would be ing for the realisation of the high possible in the course of a few years destiny that awaits them.” to purchase all the articles that the Government of India wants only If such fine words do not find an from cottage industries. If the echo in the hearts of any particu hand-spun yarn is not good enough, lar set of persons (An Hon. Mem- let the yam come from the mills, but her: Only words) then I think the let the weavers of India have tt blame lies somewhere else and not chance to provide to the Govem- with the Address of the President. mimt all the cloth that it needs. 169 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 170 There are, 1 am sure, many cottage Shei Meghnad Saha (Calcutta industries which would, it given North-West): I beg to move: proper encouragement, be able to That at the end of the motion the supply a very large number of arti following be added: cles which the Government needs “but regret to note in the Ad for administration. dress absence of any reference to the problems of educational re form particularly in the sphere So far as the weavers are con of university and professional cerned, I want to enter a very spe education." cial plea that the weavers of India I understand that the Presidential have suffered very great hardships Address generally gives a statement and persecution at the hands of the of the policy to be pursued by the various policy makers of Govern Government during the coming year. ment. It should not be beyond the It is therefore somewhat disconcert capacity of the new Minister who has ing to find that there is no reference taken charge to find out _a way by in the Presidential Address to the which this misery of theirs can be state of education and to educational ended once and for all. reform in India. Hon. Members are aware that education is in an extre mely bad state in India. The per centage of literacy is only fifteen— Then I would like to draw taking the figures from a Government Government’s pointed attention Report and speaking subject to cor to the miserable condition of rection. No democracy can act oro- the cotton growers of my ’ if 90 per cent, of the electorate~^ province. The Government invited is ilitierate. Unfortunately^ that Is them to grow more and more cotton the case in this country. Many years and they grew this year nearly one- ago, when democracy was first com third of tftie cotton of the whole ing to England, John Stuart Mill said of India and yet within that universal suffrage without uni a few weeks the prices were reduced versal education would be a curse to less than half. If hon. Members of to the State. The working of demo this House who came here with the cracy in the different parts of the expectation that their daily allowance world has proved the correctness of would be Rs. 40 per day were to be Mill’s prophecy. The rule of demo paid Rs. 15 per day by the Parliament cracy in America during the early Secretariat, you can imagine what will days was really the rule of Tamman^ happen to their financial condition. We -Hall—party bosses ruling—becaus<. would be hard hit and our daily al the electorate did not know for whom lowance would not be sufficient to pay to vote. I think something like that our expenses. We will have proba has also happened during the last bly to sell our belongings to free our elections when votes were cast, not selves from debts. The same con on the merits of the candidates, not dition is being faced by the cotton even on the programme, but to the growers of Berar. It is the iU-consi- sacred bull. dered policy of the Government which Is responsible for these hardships to The House is probably aware that these people. I think it should be this problem of illiteracy and this possible for the Government to rec problem of education has been gone tify the situation and if circumstances thoroughly into by different commit justify it, to lift all control both on tees— by the National Planning Com cotton as well as on cotton goods. mittee as early as 1939. Since inde pendence, ^ large number of com mittees appointed by the Education My time is up. Therefore, I cannot Ministry have pondered over it and cover a few more points I had jotted several measures have been proposed down. If the * Opposition were to in order to deal with illiteracy. I throw their eyes at the figures of refer particularly to the report of production given in the Address and the Kher Committee. Mr. B. G. Kher, also : enquire as to how the pro till recently Chief Minister of Bom ductive capacity of the country has bay, was asked by the Ministry of been ^creased, they will have to ad Education to preside over a Com^ mit that the Congress Party and the mittee for dealing with illiteracy in Congress Government have not done this country. He recommended quite badly. . a number of salutary measures. One of these ^as that State Governments should spend 20 per cent, of their bud In the end I whole-heartedly sup getary income on education; and the port the Motion of Thanks moved by Central Government ten per cent, o f Shri Chanda. the Central Budget. This is not a 171 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 172 [Shri Meghnad Saha] very large percentage. In the TJnited to serve the country in the diploma States, in certain States nearly 30 per tic field with effect. cent, and in the State of New York 40 per cent, of the State’s budget is The Government was aware that spent on education. I have been the whole educational system requir trying to find out what percentage is ed complete overhauling and nearly spent on education in the different three years ago a University Com States of India. I And that it is only mission was appointed under the pre Mr. Kher, till recenUy the Chief Mi sidency of no less a personage than nister of Bombay, who has tried to our distinguished countryman. Dr give effect to these recommendations. Radhakrishnan, who has worldwide In every other State the percentage reputation as a philosopher and as spent on education is very much an educationist. He was assisted by lower. In the State of West Bengal a number of eminent educationists —from which I come—the percen of this country and number of emi tage spent on education till 1950 nent educationists of Eng was less than ten. In many other land and America. The Univer States it is much lower. sity Commission made a tour of An Hon. Member: What about all the Universities of India and other Mysore; it is 25 per cent. institutions. We were shocked to find the low standard which was pre Shri Meghnad Saha: Mysore is an valent throughout the country. My exception. I have not got the self and my colleagues have the ad figures with me, so that I can vantage of having had firsthand not speak ' individually of each knowledge of the standards obtain State. But the House will a g r^ with ing in the Universities in other parts me that generally no effort has been of the world—in England, America, made to give effect to the recommen in Europe and even in Russia. But we dations made by the Kher Committee, found that the standud of our Uni which were, I think, accepted by versities has deteriorated to an ex the Government of India. There-A tremely low level. We did not find a fore, this problem of illiteracy is not \ single Indian University functioning going to be solved in the near future^^ satisfactorily. Most of them "vere suffering from very acute lack of I had expected that the President funds. Thfi grants to the Universi in his Address would have given ties have not been increased in spite some direction to the different States of the fact that the cost of living for dealing with this problem, but I has gone four times and the cost of am very sorry to find omission of equipment nearly five or six times. such an important topic from his Ad We found the teachers were under dress. paid. In some places—I think in Nagpur—we found that the teachers I have in this connection to speak in some private colleges were being also of higher educaGon. Hon. Mem paid less than the unskilled labourers bers are aware that higher education in the neighbouring Empress Mills. in this country is in a very bad Teachers everywheife are an imder- state. The whole conception of paid lot. They cannot make both higher education is wrong, because ends meet. They cannot devote any when the Britishers were here they serious attention to their work and I wanted that this country should have known of college teachers who simply produce clerks and assistants. have been taken to peddling in order In the field of higher technical educa to make both ends meet! tion and vocational education, the situation was much worse. We have got a number of engineering colleges; In the professional! institutions, for but the whole object was to produce example in medical colleges, we found engineers who can operate a machine, that practically no research work but not such as could design or plan was being done. The teachers said anything. We all know that inde that all their time was spent in tea pendent India has to rebuild the ching and professional work, which country—for that matter we require they had to do as they were not 'scientists and technicians; we re paid sufficiently to place them above quire a better type of engineers; we re want so that they could devote more quire not only lawyers who can earn time for research work. In engi fabulous sums of money, but also such neering colleges, we found that the en as would be competent to f r ^ e laws gineers that the colleges turned out in accordance with the needs of a were only operation and maintenance changing society. We also require engineers; none of them was an en linguists—people who would be able gineer of a h i^ e r t3n;>e who could un 1V4 173 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President dertake work of designing except in Mr. Chairman; Amendment moved: civil engineering—say of the Damo- dax VaUey, or other river valley pro That at the end of the motion the jects which we are undertaking. We lollowixig be added: did not find any place where any ^ “but regret to note in the Ad search work was being done on the dress absence of any • zeference production of machinery or other ar to the problems of educational ticles which we very badly need for reform, particularly in the sphere the reconstruction of this country. of university and professional education.” India has undertaken many schemes of reconstruction and we have to Shri N. C. Chatterjee (Hooghly): I import experts from foreign countri« beg to move: cm fabulous salaries. I im dersta^ that recently an expert has bera ob That at the end of Qie motion the tained for working at the Nang^ Dam following be added: on a salary which is higher than the salary of the President—I think sev^ “but regret that no reference ral times higher. The University has been made to the State of Commission therefore recommended Jammu and Kashmir and the that the responsibility of running the recent speeches made by Sheikh Universities could not be left entirely Abdullah, the Chief Minister of to the provinces. The Central Govern that State, which are likely to ment should take upon itself half the embitter the relations between responsibility for University educa- the citizens of India and the cation in the sector of Post-Bachelor people of that State.” and professional training. The Com mission, therefore, recommended the I had be^ listening with great in creation of an autonomous Univer terest to the speeches which have sity Grants Commission which was to been delivered from the Congress have a Budget of Rs. five or six Benches. Spme of the speech^ gave crores, rising up to Rs. ten crores a friendly admonition to the Opposi which will be distributed over the tion Benches, and w e took it in that different Universities and professional spirit. But I regref to notice that a institutions according to their needs different note was struck this morn and demands. Though two years ing by Dr. Deshmukh. I wish he have now passed, there is no indica had not spoken in the strain in which tion that the Government of India he spoke in this House of the Peo intend to give effect to any of the ple. Possibly he was badly briefed, recommendations of the University because he was speaking to a brief. Commission. All that I can say is that he has overdone his part this morning. He said something in terms of adula Education at present in India is in tion regarding the Congress. We a very neglected state. We can nei can assure him that we are here, on ther educate the electorate; nor pro the Opposition Benches, not due to duce the right type of men who can the Congress but in spite of the Con build up this country. We are, gress. Who would care for this therefore, running to disaster. It House of the People, who would care will not be difficult to find the for this Parliament, if there had been money, if we are really serious about only the Congress Members sit it But while we find that expenses ting here without the Opposition and in all other sections are going up, without any real, active and vigi the educational budget of the Central lant Opposition who would put them Government has remained stationary under surveillance? Dr. Deshmukh at one per cent, of the total budget for and men of his way of thinking should a number of years. Our total realize that a Parliament without budget is of the order of about any Opposition would mean a Rs. 350 crores, and the amount which mockery of democracy. They should ' is spent for education is the meagre realize that the House of the People sum of Rs. 3i crores (recurring). without a vigilant Opposition may Of course, from year to year you develop fascist tendencies which have got some non-rfcurring grants. would bring the country to disaster. I have thoughtfit that the House There are millions of people who should be informed of this sad state have sent us to this Parliament, and of affairs in regard" to education so we claim that the party in office or that we can ask the Government to the party in power does not really provide more liberally for educa represent the majority of the electo tion in the near future. rate. 175 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 176 [Shri N, C. Chatterjee] The President in his A dtoss has ask cue the country from the double dan- ed us to renigmber that we are tak' ger~4lie danger of a political dicta<> ing an oath of fidelity to the Con torshlp and the other danger of a stitution. What is this ConstituUon? totalitarian system which strives It is the embodiment of certain control every aspect at economic and dinal principles which are cherished social life. in every democratic and civilized country. This Constitution, as you know very well, embodies a Chapter The time allotted is very short and on Fundamental Right?. What are I shall therefore draw the attention these Fundamental Rights? They of the House only to tome important are meant to be justiciable, they are matters. The last General Election^ meant to be enforceable by the courts proved that there were serious impedi of law. As the present Chief Justice ments in the way of fair and free of India has said in the great Judge elections. These elections disclosed ment, deaUng with the liberty of many gaps and loopholes which Press in the Organizer and Cross require serious consideration. Even, Roads cases, the Constitution of India tod^ in a bye-election in Central has imposed conscious limitations on India serious allegations are bein^ the permissible abridgement of m e made of corrupt practices taking place Fundamental Rights. What has^e With impunity. The executive in Congress Government done? In iree that area seems to be paralysed and India I regret to say that men have even high police officers plead inabi been put behind prison bars with lity to stop the open defiance of the out trial, that men h a v e been depri mandatory provisions of law. I wish ved in Independent India of liberty there had been in the President’s Ad without any regular prosecution m dress some indication as to the enact a court of law or without the san ment of suitable legislation, and I ction of a magistrate. We are here submit that it should be tackled on to enter our caveat against that kmd an all-party basis. of thing. This Parliament in the plentitude There is one tragic omission in the of its powers should remember that President’s Address. There is no re these Fundamental Rights mean a ference to the refugee problem. It double limitation: it is a limitation on seems that there is complacency in governmental action, and it is a limi high quarters. It seems that accord tation also on Parliament’s power of ing to the Government the refugee problem has been satisfactorily solved legislation. and that all the displaced persons have been suitably rehabilitated. It is a matter of regret that the There is also no reference to corrup President’s Address has not given any tion in the public services, and we indication as to the GoverMents get no indication of the Government’s policy towards the much criticiz^ plans to eradicate the same. Preventive Intention Act. India in bondage fought against the Rowlatt Act. India" today, free from bondage, The next point I would like to take I say in all humility but with all the up in the President’s Address is that emphasis at my command, will not there is no mention regarding the tolerate any lawless law. Our Con State of Jammu and Kashmir. I stitution must be respected. In the must make my position clear that 1 words of a great American Judge, am not anxious to say anjrthing here these declarations of Fundamental which may compromise the stand of Rights say to arbitrary and autocr^ ttie Government of India on the tic power, from whatever quarter it Kashmir issue vis-a-vis Pakistan. But may advance to invade the vital it is a matter of deep regret and rights of personal liberty and pri shame that today portions of Kash vate property, *‘Thus far thou shall mir are still occupied by the Pakis come and no further**. tani troops. It is a matter of shame that Security Council is still dilly I must disabuse my friends oppo dallying with t^ Kashmir problem. site of their notions and I should tell The way the U.N. is behaving reminds them that I am not one of those who us of the exploits df the Holy Alli believe in opposition for the mere ance of the nineteenth century after sake of opposition. Mere obstruction the battle of Waterloo. It seems will lead us nowhere. As responsi that the race of Bismarck, Castle- ble citizens of India representing reigh and Disraeli has. not yet gone. millions of our fellow citizens, it Only they have changed colour and, Is our duty to strive our best to res possibly, their names. Through the 177 Matkm on Address 20 M AY l#52 tnf the President 17S milleDnium, India and Kashmir have of India and friends of Pakistan. It been tied together by bonds of is only a perverted mind which can friendship and amity* a^d Kashmir attribute such a charge to the leaders has always been an integral part of or representatives of the minority India through the ages. The aspira community, who demand the fullest tion of the people of the State of application of the Indian Constitu^ Kashmir to be one with India is tion including the Fundamental quite natural. The existence of that Bi^te Chapter to the people of State depends largely upon the contip Jammu and Kashmir. nued support of India and upon sup ply of men, money and materials The Constitution of India has crea from India. The cherished ties that ted certain anamolies which should bind Kashmir and Jammu with the be redressed. Article 1 of the Con rest of India have been strengthened stitution makes Jammu and Kashmir and cemented by the blood of hund a part of the territory of India. But reds of gaUant Indian soldiers who article 5 of the Constitution which have laid down their lives for the deals with citizenship does not apply defence of Kashmir from the ruthless to the State of Jammu and Kashmir. aggressors from Pakistan. As a matter of fact the whole of Part II dealing with citizenship from arti Some of the recent utterances of cle 5 lo article 11, which confers on Sheikh Abdullah, Chief Minister of Parliament the power to regulate the Kashmir, have deeply perturbed India. right of citizenship by law, is not They have made the friends and at all applicable to the State o f well-wishers of the State of Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir. Therefore, the and its present rulers uncomfortable. question has been raised and may Even his best friend, the Prime Minis properly be raised whether the sub ter of India, found it necessary to jects of Jammu and Kashmir are citi publicly criticize some of his recent zens of India. Let the representatives statements. Grave issues have been of Jammu and Kashmir sitting in the raised by Sheikh AbduPjah’s speeches House unequivocally declare that which cannot be ignored by this Par they are citizens of India. None will liament. The so-called clsirifications be happier than myself and Members have ceased to clarify and have made of my way of thinking. But if they the position confused. do not accept the position, if article 5 is not going to be applied to Jammu I am sorry to say this but I am eUid Kashmir, if Part II of the Con bound to say with the fullest sense stitution is excluded, then it is to be of responsibility that the minority seriously considered as to how far community in the State of Jammu they are eligible for being chosen as and Kashmir is feeling unhappy and Members of this House of the Peo frustrated. One hon. Member of ple. Both articles 84 and 102 clearly this Parliament, Mr. V. G. Deshpande, lay down that none but citizens of had visited Jammu recently and lie India can be qualified to become had reported, on firsthand knowledge Members of Parliament and no one that there was a reign of terror for who is not a citizen of India automa- some time in part of Jammu. I need ticaUy is disqualified. I have great not go into details, but Sheikh Ab respect for the hon. Minister of dullah’s stand has given a rude shock States who is a distinguished lawyer to many people. What is his stand? and I appeal to him to think over He definitely declares that he will this problem seriously and give us not tolerate the application of the his considered opinion. Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir. He stands for one hundred , In the name of humanity and in per cent, sovereignty. He wants a ternational morality we demand that Republic within the Republic. What this Kashmir issue should be with is the offence of the Jammu leaders drawn from the U. N. O. The acces* for which they are persecuted and for sion of Jammu and Kashmir to India which they are criticised and malig must be accepted as final and should ned? They want to be full-fledged not be made to depend on a so-called Indian citizens. They want those plebiscite. Fundamental Rights which we enjoy in the Republic of India. They want It is also a matter of regret that the Supreme Court as the palladium in the Presidential Address there is of Justice to enforce and vindicate no mention of the unfortunate con their Fundamental Rights. They dition of the minority community in want complete integration with India. East Bengal. In spite of the Delhi They want the fullest application of Pact, the State of Pakistan is doing the Indian Constitution to that State. its best to make it a pure Islamic It is nothing but a cruel paradox that State. What they have done in West these leaders are dubbed as enemies Pakistan, they are now trying tj dd 179 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 180 [Shri N. C. Chatterjee] in East Pakistan. Ov^ the Bengalee Government have come forward with language issue the leaders of the relief measures to help the concern Hindu community are being persecu ed State Governments. In Rayala- ted and tortured and so far as 1 seema, the army is doing commen know, our Government has yet taken dable work by deepening wells, carry no effective action nor entered an ing water and doing other things to emphatic protest against this tortur redress the suffering of the j>eople. ing of the minority community. This can be taken as an example and the work of the army extended to As you know, they are now going other parts of Tamil Nad, especially to introduce the passport system. Chinglepet district where the water Anyone who has rudimentary notions scarcity is very great I should also of international law will have to like to suggest that the valuable work condede that every state has got of the army may be utilised to assist the right to have a system of pass the civil population in schemes such port to exclude undesirable aliens; ^ as the ‘Gtqw More Food* and other but the Pakistan State today is writ projects. ing a new international law They are trying to impose a system of pass Shri D^ratha Deb (Tripura East): port there for the pumose of k e^ I beg to move: ing out their own nationals, that is, the members of the Hindu community That at the end of the motion who happen to be in West Bengal or the following be added: in other parts of India. We must change our attitude towards Pakis tan and the policy of appeasement so “but regret that in spite of the far adopted should be dropped. Let urgent and universal demand for us be firm. Let us change our policy local Assemblies to be formed by of vacillation. Let us adopt the the members of Electoral Colleges policy of reciprocity. Then and then in the remaining Part C States only will Pakistan think twice be of the First Schedule in Tripura, fore it behaves in this manner. Manipur and Kutch, the Address does not assure the introduction Mr. Chairman: Amendment moved: of a democratic form of Govern ment.” That at the end of the mption the following be added: I wish particularly to draw the at tention of the hon. Members of this “but regret that no reference House to the unbearable conditions has been made to the State of of the people and the policy of the Jammu and Kashmir and the Government to perpetuate those con recent speeches made by Sheikh ditions in the Part C States, especia Abdullah, the Chief Minister of lly in Tripura which I have the honour of that State, which are likely to to represent. The people of Tripura embitter the relations between have been demanding the democratic the citizens of India and the peo form of Government for two decades. ple of that State.” Thousands of people at different meetings, in different ways, have expressed their demand for responsi Shrimati Chandrasekhar (T!iiruval- ble Government. We And no men lu r— Reserved— Sch. Castes): It is tion in the Presidential Address to gratifying to note in the Address the the Part C States and no assurance intention of the Government to in is given regarding the introduction troduce fresh legislation on the Hindu of such responsible Government. Code Bill by having it split up into separate parts. Tltis proposal of If you will forgive me, Sir I would bringing the Bill in parts is welcomed like to refer to my case. For four long as this will hasten the passage at years, I have been hunted by the least of such parts on which there is police and still a warrant is pending general agreement. The Hindu Code against me. I do not know whether Bill is a pressing and vital social re at last Government have now got form for which the women of India sense enough to withdraw the warrant. will be indebted to our Government Warrants are pending against two and particularly to our Prime Minis members of the electoral college also. ter, who has been ardently cham So also, one elected member in Tri pioning their cause. pura is still under detention. In spite of all this, the people of Tri Regarding the famine stricken pura have exercised their civic sense areas, we find with gratiflcatioo that fuUy during the period of election. 18 1 Motion on Addreaa 20 M AY 1952 by the Pretident 182 There was a lot of interference by sense of organisation and responsi the Government during the election bility and with remarkable discipline period. Just of the eve of the elec voted in larger numbers than in most tion, one man Safar Ali, who was other parts of India. Of course. ploughing in the field was arrested Communists have polled 62 per cent, and locked up. The next morning of the votes cast, whereas the Con he was found dead in the police lock gress polled only 26 per cent, but the up. We dp not know what the my President has chosen to penalise Tri stery was. Such are the conditions pura by refusing our Electoral Col in the Part C States. The people lege to function as a State Assembly. demand responsible Government in How the people of Trip^ira are an order to be able to express their xious for democracy, only one instance views. In the case of Tripura as in will be sufl^cient to prove and to the case of Manipur and Kutch, the bring to the notice of our hon. Mem President hfis been pleased to exercise bers. We held four big rallies in his discretion in an undemocratic Tripura, three during election time, manner. He could have, and I say, and one alter the elections. Every he should have, permitted the Tripura rally we have had was nearly two Electoral College to function as a lakhs strong and demanded that the Legislative Assembly. That would Electoral_ College, which got through have been democratic. In the last this election, should be allowed to Parliament, an hon. Member asked a function as. a State Assembly. question about responsible Govern ment in Part C States. In reply to his question, the hon. Mr. Gopala- An Hon. Member: Are we hearing swami Ayyangar said that the Elec an adjournment or is it party pro* toral Colleges which were going to paganda that our friend is doing? be introduced in Part C Stales would be allowed to function as ad hoc Legislatures till full resDonsible Go M r. Chairman: The hon. Member vernment was given. But, we find has his own way of saying it and i£ the quite OQposite of that. Of course, it serves party puri>o^es4 what can I do not say that the people of Tri we do? pura will be satisfied with this. Their demand is full responsible Govem- vernment. The existing Electoral Shri Dasaratha Deb: But the Presi* College should be changed into a le dent and his advisers are so deaf to gislative Assembly. our cry that they are behaving like this, because they do not belong to We find one thing here. The Con the people, and the Congress Gov gressmen have suffered a severe de ernment has now a Chinese wall se* feat in Tripura. With all their pomp paration itself from the people and and authority they have got only can maintain itself in power only by nine seats out of 30 in the Electoral cruel repression. At the same time College. We, the Communists and it mumbles hypocritical words about the Democratic Party, got 19 seats non-violence and democracy while and after this decisive defeat, in violent suppression of people’s rights Tripura, no mention is made in the is going on in Tripura, and that is Address of democratic form of Gov the rule of the Chief Commissioner ernment to be introduced in these which is the worst sort of undiluted Part C States. . niedierval diespotism. And the Con« gress Government, true to its policy, M r. Chairman: Is the hon. Mem are supporting this feudal imperia ber likely to take a long time? list reaction. The cry of the people of Tripura for responsible Govern Shii Dasaratha Deb: I would ask the ment has been put off on the plea House to look at what has happened of economic backwardness and also in Tripura during the election period... other conditions, but this argument Mr. Chaiimaii: He may continue is no argument because without the after lunch. full co-operation of the people, defen ce cannot be maintained successfully. The House then adjourned for If the people are allowed to be ruled Lunch till Half Past Two of the Clock. by the Chief Commissioners and the people have no right to choose their own people to participate in the Go The House reassembled after Lunch vernment, then how is it possible at Half Past Two of the Clock. that this defence can be maintained properly. I suggest that if the people [Shri M. a . A yy an ga r in the Chair] are allowed to participate in the Go Shri Dasaratha Deb: The electors vernment, then the defence will be of Tripura behaved with a wonderful better than the now existing Tripura. 183 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 184 [Shri Dasaratha Deb] The other point is this. Back wardness of course is not the point because at this election, the people of Tripura have shown their capacity how to utilise their civic rights, be 5FTW ^ ^ cause in Tripura more than 60 per ■cent of the voters have cast their ' w I 4 # amiT ^ «ft votes. Though the economic condition is backward now, we should not for get that Xppura is full of resources, f t ^ ^ minerals, timber etc. An Hon. Member: It has already been decided in the Council of States TO arr«n> by the Chairman that ...... m ^ ^ ^ Mr. Chairman: It has already been decided so far as this House is con- frWT I t 3T^ ^ 3f^ 'cemed that all matters, as near those as have been referred to in the Ad % ^’ TRT ^ ^ ^ ^ dress, may also be referred to. We are not following what the Council of I ^ ^ rf States might have decided. We are ^ ^ ^ taking a more liberal view, and fol lowing the practice adopted by the ^ 3ft House of Commons. That is what the Speaker has already deci ded, but I would urge upon hon. Members to be as near those points t I as possible. Shri Dasaratha Deb: And if these issues be solved through proper super- ^ ^ I \^ision of the People’s Government in the near future, there wiU be an immense possibility that Tripura can Pandit K. C. Sharma (Mathura Distt. stand like any other province. So West): It does not come within the pur the whole point is that the Tripura view of article 87 because there is no I>eople’s cry for having a State As mention of such a thing in the Presi sembly is quite just and I think the dential Address. House also will respond to it. Another point is this: the refugee Mr. Chairman: Article 87 of the problem is one of the most impor Constitution has been more liberally tant problems in the present-day interpreted by the Speaker, and I do India, but this we do not find in the not want to take a different line. Presidential Address, but I think that He felt the procedure of the House of the millions of refugees should not Commons will prevail in this matter, be left to die of starvation or thrown and he thinks this is a matter of out of employment. So, the cry for procedure, and therefore other matters responsible Government of Tripura also as far as near to these as pos and the refugee rehabilitation should sible, if they are important, will be be dealt with as a very important allowed. I was told the hon. Mem problem. ber is not subscribing to the Hindi edition of our reports. Mr. Chairman: Amendment moved: ^TRT I I That at the end of the motion the t (protest) i following be added: “ but regret that in spite of the ftr ^ ^ I ^ urgent and universal demand for ^ ^ g I local Assemblies to be formed by the members of Electoral Col leges in the remaining Part C States of the First Schedule in viTRT ^ ^ I ^ eft srnft Tripura, Manipur and Kutch, the Address does not assure the ^ ^ ^ I ^ ^ % Introduction of a democratic form o f Government.” 18 5 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President m Shri V. P. Nayar: On a point of in ^ I *7^ Mft’l formation. Can the Member address his neighbours? • t I H d ^ d l % ^l^PT Mr. Chairman: No. 5ZIW % 5ITO f f I i TT^T^T % 5Rrnr % + k *ji ^ i 3H^ 3fr «fti ^ 1 2^^ ^5T ?r 3rfq^ % % TT52T ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 3 m TT^MPcr ^ f ^ ^r^fqir w r r 1 1 ^ ^ ^ ^ q r ^ =5TT^ I ftr ^ ^ 3ftr ^3^ t • ^ STTTT ^PTfT ^^TRt ^ fefT ^ ^ ^ I 3TRrr + < d l ^ ft)T ^ «ft ^ ^1Va( I ^ ’Tt ? ^ ^ W ^ITT^ ’Nt ^ ^ %'T^ ^ f?>T 5TRT 3tV^ ^ f^f)T «ft if m ^ # iTPm R 5Tt^ ¥V ^H di f % ^^prar % iH\<\ ^»R T ^ % #?r^ ^ ^ I ^ ^ ^TPTT^ Jricff ^ ^ t, ^ ^ T O 3 fk ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^Rlft 'TT cft^ 5f!ijf ^ ^ I Jrfif f ’T ^ # 18 7 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 188 [ #5 fftpRt ^ ] 3ri?T ^ ^ PTPT ^ ir?t ^TRf f I WT P^dH f , 5 T t^ % ^n%lT % % fro ? ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ I' 3ftr !Tr^ ^ ^ f% % f^T55 ih"^^aTMfkv ^ ?pftT«fiT ^ 5Tt^ % ^ ^ ^^5RT I rft ft^TT ^PiTO % >d«0<4l'< ^ ^ ^ ^ % JTf ?TRi?T% ^ ?ft ^3^ ^ I ^t>TT I 4l«<|qK 5n^ ^ T^RT % 5f?t 5ft% I 3?k ^TiTO 2Tfe a r f ^ ^ "Hi+K ^ ^ I I ^ 4 4 ) < < i K l f ^q* ^0^ SR^ ^ I ft» ^TTVRR 5Tt^ ^ qR ^ 3T|% 3 l f ^ ^ ^ ^ I I f% IR ^ ’T, ¥ffftr ^ ^ TRT ^PTTO ^THR 3T% ^RFTR |, ^ ^ rn ftw iS % ^ ^ ?3TOT ^ ^ TfT t, eft ^ ^ »Ta ^ ^ M ^irfiRr ^ ^i4f)<^ % «Tt, ^ JIf ^w t 3ftr «TR I ^ ? ft? ^ ^44|)cr4iflr % ^t t t r r Jmff sFt ^ atrhi^^W fN^ ^ ^ % fw ^ ^ ^ I ?yt^ ^ f i ^ 55^ ^ TO aftr «T, itrr TOW iiT^ < f ^ ^T*TT ^ I ^ 31M^ c|+<^1 n ^ ^ ^ »ftf^ ^ ^n^gTTjf ^ T ^ t I ^ «TPRT -«ii^ai ^ ft) f^RT# f‘ I ^ T?C 1^ ^ ^ ^ ^HR 3 r f ^ sptw ^ ^ ft[% I ggr# arfro ^ W t « ^ ^ 3 R W F f^RT ^ ^ f^T% aitr ^ ^ + ‘ frq-^ypft # gsTR f 3ftr ^ ^ 3TRT ^ arrsr ^ ^ ^ ^ f^PT ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ra r ?T^ arr# ^ T?! ^ ^TT ^ ^rrar f ?tttt ^yra’ *TFT^ arrsr ^ l^nfqn ^»\ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ?T ^ ^ inir^ ferr r ^ 2T^ J T ^ ^ t I ^ ^ 3 m t ^ ^ ^5HT t ^ ^ ^ 3T5T ^ T?! % ^TT^ ^ 3TT^f^*^ ^ ^ ^ w i 2Tf ^ ^TFTnT ^ f^ ^ ^ W ^ rf^ I ^ 'PT^ff ^ ’SiN^<4+dr f ’T f^fer m'w^q' # f ^ f , ^ ^ 5rt ^ f t OT ^ ^ ^ 3rre1^T=F ^ ^'TThr ^ TT n ^ ^ f^ F , 3ftT fi^PTT i w ^ t ' ^ ^ ^ f^oi?jr ^ ^rPT ark ^ arV^ >dTi^ % n ^ ^ arr^^ft ^ ^5TTt ^ ^ '*TR' ^ ^ ^ w ^ ^f I f'?)T ^ % ^ ^ P 1 I 2Tft ^ # 5 F M f ^ ^ TPT ^ ^ ^R«ia +<»ii ^ I ^ ^ K W < TRT : ^rft f I ^ 'TC ^ rw t vd^lll ^ ^ IW t I 3F^ ^ F f Tc ^ ^ ^ ^ ^nf ^3f^ % % fW R ^r?riT I ^ n f ^*r I 3rr^>^i ^ ^ ^ ^TRT W[ 3n^^ 3T^ ^ t I ^ ^ TTrrr »Tf^ I |TT ^^ ^ qft ^ I W ^ ^ '^idY ^ I 3 ^ ^ ^ n^T^ ^Ph ^ ^ 2T| 3 T T ^ p r ^<:Mi<^n‘ PsIdHT 6^d'l ^ ^ ^ 3Tf^3R» ■^»fH fn^T^T^r % ^ ^ I 3FTT ^ '5rnr i "JH’N ^ n ^ ^ ^ ^ fTTTe: ^ A' 3nn r ^ n ^ jtrt aftr 3At 3rrr % aftr ^ #5 f ^ ^^forfNT ^ff ^ I [M r. Speaker in tJm Chair.] ^ ^PTT ^ ^ 'TN' ^ ^ ^ 5TRr f I ^rf^ ^frf ^fGq-* 5FiT ^ r«m < ^ ^ ^ ^ ^TFRT M«^ll ^#t ^ ^T w TO ferr t I I t ^ ^ TN'^ 5TRf ^ t , ^ ^ f e f t # ^ ^ -hH'^ ^ ^ ^ p T ^ qf TfPTf^ % ^ qfdPT% ^ »T^5%qt f t ^ I ^ ’T F lt f ^ 5Ttt w r ^ 5rr^ ^ f w t i ^ ?T ^ f+41 ^ ^ % 3rfq^ f+Mi w ^ ^ ^ w ^ iV ^ ^ ^ ^T+d'i ^tnr I ^ ^ ^ iV 3nR ^ fWrzRT ^etht^ w ^ fjRT smr |3TT f ^ fPTTTT ^ fh rr^ a^t^ f?r 27 P.S.D. 19 1 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 192 [^Z Seth Govind Das; This is wrong. I protest against this remark. I am ^ ^ ’TN’ ^ regularly subscribing to the Kindi edition of the proceedings. Of course, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^*iiO ^frf^ it is not •iiecessary that- English or Urdu words should be left out com ^ t r ^ if ^ ^jTirt ^ pletely. We are making our State f ^ 4 -m^ai g iV Language so flexible that it mary Jic- commodate the largest possible num 3RTT t , ^ cTEzr ber of words. «T^ f sftr ^ ^ ’TWT ^ fCT Shri V. P. Nayar (Chirayinkil): On a point of information. Can the ^ ^ ^ 3 R « l ^ ^ ^ =^T^ f Member address his neighbours? ^ ^ ^ ^ ^rff f I Mr. Chairman: No. Shri Govind Das: After saying this much to the Members of Parlia’- •qi^d i g I mefnt about the state Language I congratul^e our President who took [English translation of the above oath of his office in Hindi and after speech] wards delivered his first address -to Parliament in Hindi. I hope all of us Seth Govind Das (Mandla-Jabal- too would try to follow the path pur South): I hope a ' Hindi shown by our President in this res speech which follows this coutinuous pect. flow of English speeches would cer tainly prove exhilarating to this Sir, I was surprised to hear so.-ne House. I had hoped that when the of the speeches yesterclpv more esce- new Parliament elected on the basis cially when Shri GopaJan said that or adult franchise met, Hindi which war co^iditions seemed to be prevail has been declared as the national lan- ing in the country. I could not fol guge of India would find a promi low what he exactly rnea'nt by saving nent place in its deliberations. But that. I was disappointed during the last two days, I find' we are still enthral led by the English language, and even Babu Ramnarayan Singh (Ha^ari- those who are familiar with Hindi, bagh West): Please see with your try to express their ideas in English eyes open. and whatever questions are being put to the hon. Ministers, who themselves Seth Govind Das: I cannot see know Hindi, they too are being asked a^fiy war conditions here even with in English. my eyes quite open. But if mv a?ed friend Babu Ramnarayan Singh, v.ho Shri H. N. Shastri (Kanpur Distt.- still sees things clesfrlv. fe^ls that Central): We stand to be excused v/ar conditions are prevailinsj, the.i it so far as questions are concerned. is, of cour.se. a big f^uvprise to me. I feel that Shri Gopalan’.'^ mind per Pandit K. C. Sharma (Meerut Distt.— haps occupied by the ‘war’ that we had South): It does not come within the in the roc-^nt elect’on'^ af 'id be?a^’se of purview of article 87 because there is these election contMahatma Gandhi, 19 3 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 194 and I want to submit that if, God men I think he was some Chakra- forbid, our present difficulties were varty or Chatterjee ...... to increase, even then we should keep Same Hon. Members: Shri N. C. .our freedom above all these things. Chatterjee. We have not to measure our freedom by the quantities of essential supplies Seth OoTind Das: I was much that we get. . . surprised when I heard him say that Again, Shri Gopalan said some it was a government of the minority. words about our foreign policy as Babn Ramnarayan Singh: Quite well. He said that he failed to un true. derstand as to how one policy was being pursued with regard to Ame Seth Gpvind Das: It is not rica on the one hand and another po quite true. I would like to know the licy with regard to Russia and China name of the party which has secured on the other. I would like to ask greater number of votes than the him whether he has forgotten that Congress party. In spite of the fact when the Korean war was in full ■ that the Congress party has secured swing, our Prime Minister hard warn less than fifty per cent, of the total ed U. N. that their forces should not votes polled, it would not be correct cross the 38th Parallel and this was to say that the Congress candidates quite against the line of action which would have been defeated had they America took at that time. Was tiot been opposed by only one candidate in that declarartion against America? each case. Is it the opinion of all those Has he forgotten that our Prime Mi people who opposed the Congress nister was the first person who advo candidates, that they would have cated the admission of the People’s defeated the Congress nominees if one Republic of China to the U. N. I sub Congress candidate had been opposed mit that our foreign policy towards by only one condidate? If they are America, Russia, China and as a mat of this opinion I say they are mis er of fact towards all the other na taken. I want to submit that had not tions of the world, is o^ie and the so many candidates opposed the Cong same. One and a half years ago, I ress nominees, the Congress party saw in Newzesfland, where 78 repre would have definitely scored more sentatives of some 28 countries met than fifty per cent, of the total votes in connection with s^me conference, polled; because in that case many how our country was r.cclaimed be would have preferred to vote for the cause of its foreign policy. We have Congress. To assume that the votes to keep these things in mind. Our which have been polled against the prestige is so high; and apart from Congress nominees at present would Mahatma Gandhi and our fresdom if have gone against them had only one candidate opposed one Congress can there is anything which has raised us didate is quite wrong. in the eyes of the world, it is our fo reign policy and nothing else. My hon. sister Shrimati Sucheta Then, again. Shn Gopalan referred Kripalani also made certain remarks. to the formation of the linguistic pro What surprised me most in her speech vinces. I am quite in agreement with was that there was nothing new in him on this issue. I am myseH in fa the President’s Address.^ Sir, I beg vour of the formation of linguistic to submit that we are not here to see provinces. If we want to give the a show of fire-works or of crackers, provincial languages their due place, as to always bring in new things. No and want to give their literatures also nation can go ahead with that sort of ‘tamashas’. Why should we expect their due place and like to develop to have a new thing every time we those states arccording to the aspira meet here, or that a new present tion of the people of those states, should be offered. There is no neces then all this cannot be done without sity for doing that. We are following the formation of linguistic provinces. a certain policy; we have been pursu Congress policy with regard to the ing that policy for some time. We formation of linguistic provinces is want to follow that very policy and quite clear and so is the policy of the v/e believe that in pursuing that poli Congress Government. I submit that cy lies the welfare of the country. at present, when we are faced with a number of gigantic problems, these Shrimati Kripalani gave a few sug issues have to be postponed for some gestions for stopping up the production time and in the circumstances as they in the country, and I am in agreement are todaj’^ it would not be possible to with a few of her suggestions, but I proceed with the formation of linguistic think it is wrong to say that produc provinces. tion would only increase by the redis Then, on hearing Dr. Lanka tribution of lands as has been repeated Sundaram and also some other gentle ly emphasised by certain persons. If 19 5 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 196 [Seth Govind Das] w« have to increase the productivity cize and quite a different matter to do of our land we may have to use something tangible. Miodern methods of cultivation and such other things. I agree that there I was surprised when somebody is need for establishing co-operative said that elections were not conduct farms. Co-operative farms naturally ed fairly and impartially. I submit have to be big ,in size. Modem me that had elections not been fair, the thods of cultivation can be used on gentlemen sitting on my right and them. But if redistribution of land those sitting on your left would not takes place and small fragments of land have been found occupying seats here. are given to people for cultivation, [Mr. Speaker in the Chair] that would not certainly help us in raising our food production. Taking an overall picture of the whole situation we would find as to Shri Sarangadhar Das: (Dhenkanal what have been our achievements. — West Cuttack): Quite so. We admit we must have committed many mistakes. We admit that possi Seth Govind Das: So I beg to sub bly more could have been done than mit that so far as the question of re we actually did. We feel that had distribution pf land is concerned it some suggestions been put forth we has to be examined scientifically, lest would have done our best to translate in our zeal to go ahead and distri them into action. But to say that we bute land among all people, the present have done nothing during the last five standard of production may fall and years, that our foreign policy has not We may incur an overall loss. come up to the mark and that we Sir, I would only take a minute or have not been able to do anything, is two to finish my speech. sheer propaganda and it bears no truth. And if we bid good-bye even We have been questioned as to what to truth which has been taught to us we have achieved during the last five by Gandhiji I say our country will years. I say if anybody, without tak be doomed. ing a loD-sided view of the whole situa tion, would Donder over our achieve Sir, with these words I v;holehear- ments, he will have to admit that ^ a t-» tedly support the Motion of Thanks. jpver we have achieved during the last Shri U. C. Patnaik (Ghumsur): I beg five veaifc. Imx iiyy^r been achiev^ ^ to move: in n hv nnv ^oriT--Tii-i;mi> pm u-^[|T^^iPi.iitTir*«nnnr That at the end of the motion the ■ in thA higtnrv nf th]T mankind. Have following be added: we forgotten now the country has “but regret— been integrated under the leadership (a) that in spite of the urgent of Sardar Patel without a single drop need for increasing India’s of blood being shed. - There is no defence strength, the Ad parallel to thrat in any part of the dress does not disclose a poli world. Have we forgotten that no cy of defence reorganisation, where in the world except here seven- _ keeping in view modem ty lakh persons have migratecT^froni methods whereby other one country to the other and. what countries have been increas ever may still be their difficulties, we ing their striking-power have done our level best to rehabili and expanding their defence tate them? Is it in itself a small achieve strength without a corres ment? We admit that there is food ponding increase in the ex scarcity in the country at present, but penditure thereon; at the same time we shall have to adr- mit that in spite of so much food (b) that the Address gives no shortage we did not allow conditions to indication of concrete pro drift to a catastrophe of the same posals for satisfying the as magnitude that we had in Bengal pirations of patriotic citi during the British regime; and in zens to defend the country spite of so much of food shortage in through a suitably organi the country nobody has died of hunger zed territorial force which in any part of the country. Besides is to serve as an efficient that, We have a number of major plans second line of defence for the under consideration and we want to Army as well as for the Navy implement them . But Rome was not and the Air Force; built in a single day. I beg to submit (c) that the Address discloses that it would not have been possible no programme for the integ for any party which might have been ration of national defence In our place to do as much work as with nation-building activi we have done. It is one thing to criti ties, so that the expenditure 197 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 hy the President 198 on defence, while increasing regrettable that the President’s Address the size and efficiency of the does not make any mention of the re defence forces, could be made organisation of our defence structure. to serve various constru ctive, socio-economic pur With the highest admiration for the poses; heroism of our fighting forces, for the adaptability with which a mercenary (d) that the Address has ignor army of the British regime has become ed the possibility of mobili a patriotic national army, and for sing and training our vast their work in Ralayaseema and other civilian man-power, not only places, it has to be admitted that our for the defence of our free defence organisation is most antiquat dom in a war emergency ed from various points of view and that but also for the implemen it suffers from so many obvious tation of our socio-econo defects. For want of time, I may be mic plans; permitted to refer only to one or two (e) that the Address has over salient features of our defence organi looked the importance of sation, comparing them with the civil defence units and of defence organisation in other countries, semi-military civilian orga in order to show how far we are nisations which should be en lagging behind, despite the fact that titled to financial aid and we are spending nearly half of our training facilities from the total revenues on defence. concerned departments; and In the first place, during the last [Shri U. C. Patnaik] I may be excused for bringing to later on adopted by other Eurox>ean toe notice of the House one single countries. England was the last to instance. Some time back, on the day adopt it in 1870-71 by the Army fixed for the discussion of the Defence Enlistment Act and other Acts Budget, a foreign plane flew over introduced by a civilian War Secretary, Delhi. Its arrival was undetected by Lord Cardwell. Shortly after, it was our defence machinery and its flight adopted in all the colonies. In 1879, went unchecked. a Committee was appointed in India to examine whether the Short Service 3 P.M. System which had been found very advantageous in Europe should or Just imagine if a bomb had been drop should not be adopted in. India. This ped by that plane, whether of the A, B Eden Committee held that during the or C type, what would have been our last few years the Britishers had so fate, not only in Delhi, where all the successfully demilitarised this country leaders were then assembled, but that to introduce the Short Service throughout the country? That shows System would mean the infusing of a the weakness of our defence organi martial spirit into the. nation which zation, and indicates the urgency of was undesirable. That is the reason mobilising the civilian population and why the Eden Committee in 1879 re of building up their morale. fused to adopt the Short Service System in India. ' Defence is not to be confined merely to the regular defence forces, but it Time passed and in 1921 it was the has to be expanded to include within privilege of a non-military person, a its scope the entire nation and from civilian with legal training, coming this point of view, our defence organisa from a non-martial area. Sir P. S. tion is highly defective. Secondly, Sivaswami Ayyar, to introduce in the modern defence organisations envisage Central Legislature 15 resolutions a proper integration of defence with after the Esher Committee’s Report. nation-building activities. Of course Resolution No. ten is very important in Rayalaseema our army has been and our military experts must today doing it. But that has to be done as study its implications in order to a common feature; and more than that. introduce it in spirit. This resolution The defence personnel, during their envisaged the reorganisation of the short period of service should be so Indian Defence forces on a short trained that at the end of such service service basis and the organisation of a they could be merged in the civilian Territorial Army. In fact, I must life without a pension, to work out bring to your notice here that this non the nation’s socio-economic plans and military man has put to shame all the to furnish the Union and the States military experts of our country who with the best possible disciplined should try to study from these reso machinery for working out all socio lutions what defence reorganisation economic programmes without relying should be. That resolution was ac upon bhoomi senas and the like. These cepted by the then Commander-in- are the two main trends of modern Chief and it was adopted by the defence organisation which have been Central Legislative Assembly that most unfortunately ignored by our there should be a Short Service System defence experts, as also by the socio accompanied by a periodical training economic planners. in the reserves. But, unfortunately, though the Government of India ac cepted the principle, it did not, in I may be permitted to point out how practice, implement it, with the result western countries have achieved the that today, so many years after envisaged integration.. The time at Sivaswami Ayyar’s resolution and my disposal is short; therefore I wiU so many decades after the system was simply indicate the main lines on adopted in western countries, we do which they have done so. The most not have that system at all, except in important is the formation of what name. is called the Short Service System with its complimentary system of Reserves. That was started in mid-Europe when the socio-economic conditions there The short service system simply during the last century required some means this: that instead of serving a sort of productive use of the defence long period in the army, navy or air services; when it wn» realised that force, the nersonnel ser^je for a short they must have entire Nations at Arms period in the Colours. In Switzerland at minimum costs. The system was it is only three months; in France it 201 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 202 is one year; in England it was about and period of training are also un five years—now it has been increased suitable. to six. During this short period they are given training not merely in The last point I want to touch upon defence, but also for 'certain socio is the civil defence organisations. We economic purposes. Wneducated people, have absolutely no civil defence illiterates, are given education; and organisations in this country. Every the personnel, in general, are given western country has expanded its training in some trades and industries, defence forces to nation-wide propor so that at the end of the short period tions by various methods: by having of service when they go back into volunteer forces, national guards or civilian life without a pension, they home guards, scouts and other allied bring into the service of the count^ organizations, by helping rifle clubs, all that they had learned during the riding clubs, yachting clubs, and so on. short period. Thus, at the end of a They have been helping civil defence short period of service, while they go units not only to prepare the country on serving for some years more to fight in any war emergency, but also periodically in the reserves for getting to prepare the country for a socio refresher training, during rest of the economic reorganisation drive. It is time they are accelerating the the duty of our Government to do country’s industrial drive. The result likewise. Of course, you have to study is that you get rid of inflation which those things to see how far they are is due to the defence expenditure be applicable to Indian conditions and to ing non-productive and defence per modify them to our requirements and sonnel being employed in non-pro to see that our defence strength is ductive work. Under the new system expanded to its fullest, without a which has been adopted in Western corresponding increase in expenditure. countries during the last one himdred Our defence forces should be fully years, defence expenditure is utilised mobilised not merely for defence but not merely for defence in time of war, also for a socio-economic reorganisa but also for accelerating ' economic tion, for the production drive, for an drive during times of peace. So, this anti-illiteracy drive, for better health system is a very important feature of and for a development-drive in the modern defence organizations. spheres of agriculture and industries. Another reason, as I submitted in Mr. Speaker; Amendment moved: the beginning, for the sense of frustra tion in the country is that our Terri That at the end of the motion the torial Army is most reactionary in following be added: organization. The last Congress Minis try changed the old Territorial Force “but regret— Act of 1920 and introduced what is (a) that in spite of the urgent called the Territorial Army Scheme need for increasing India’s de formulated by a Brigadier of the Indian fence strength, the Address does army. Hitherto, under the British not disclose a policy of defence regime, civilians too, used to be con reorganization, keeping in view sulted in army reorganisation. Our modern methods whereby other popular Government thought that a countries have been increasing Brigadier was enough to reorganise their striking-p6wer and ex the army, with the result that the panding their defence strength Indian Territorial Army Act of 1947-48 without a corresponding increase framed by this Brigadier is more in the expenditure thereon; reactionary than anything else. It is not at all a Territorial Army; it is (b) that the Address gives only an army reserve. The name Terri no indication of concrete propo torial Army has been borrowed by the sals for satisfying the aspira army people to have merely a sort of tions of patriotic citizens to de army reserve. That has also got to be fend the country through » changed. If you study the Territorial suitably organized territorial Army Act of Australia framed at force which is to serve as an about the same time when the Terri efficient second line of defence torial Army Act of India was passed for the Army as well as for the you will find that their territorial Navy and the Air Force; army enables every patriotic citizen to fight ^for the country, whereas our (c) that the Address discloses Territorial Army A«’t deprives every no programme for the integra patriotic citizen of this privilege. It tion of national defence with only enables ex-service men, those who nation building activities, so that fought during the British regime, to the expenditure on defence, while join the territorial forces; the place increasing the size and efficiency 203 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 204 IMr. Speaker] of the defence forces, could be Really we want social justice, econo made to serve various construc mic equality and equal opportunities tive socio-economic purposes; for aU. But, really are we having all these? It will do the Members here (d) that the Address has good if they listen to what Mahatmaji ignored the possibility of mobi himself had to say about economic lising and training our vast equality. Gandhiji said: civilian man-power, not only for the defence of our freedom in “ Economic equality is the a war emergency but also for master-key to non-violent indepen the implementation of our socio dence. Working for economic economic plans; equality means abolishing the eternal conflict between capital (e) that the Address has and labour. It means the levelling overlooked the importance ol down of the few rich, in whose civil defence units and of semi hands is concentrated the bulk of military civilian organizations the nation’s wealth, on the one which should be entitled to hand, and levelling up of the financial aid and training facili semi-starved naked millions, on ties from the concerned depart other. A non-violent system of ments; and government is clearly an impossi (f) that the Address makes bility so long as the wide gulf be no mention of any proposed tween the rich and the hungry measures for creating the neces millions persists. The contrast sary atmosphere required for all- between the palaces of New out national defence and all Delhi”—they are occupied by his round development of national own followers—“and the miserable resources.” hovels of the poor labouring class nearby cannot last one day in a Shri Kelappan (Ponnani): I am Free India in which the poor will new to this business. I have a feel enjoy the same power as the ing that I walked into the wrong richest in the land. A violent and place. I joined the freedom fight in a bloody revolution is a certainty 1920 and till now I never attempted one day unless...... ** to go into the Legislatures. I now realise the wisdom of my keeping M r. Speaker: Order, order. I may out so long. suggest to the hon. Member that while there is not the least objection to his There is so much of unreality in all referring to his notes, if he is trying these things. We are playing a drama to read a written speech I am afraid here. If the whole world is a stage it will not be permitted. and we are all actors, then this is a drama within a drama. Some seven hundred odd people are meeting here Shri Kelappan: I did not read a in two Houses, and every month we speech, nor am I reading one now. This are spending over rupees eight lakhs on is only a quotation from what Bapuji these Members alone. How far we said. ' are qualified to rule over the destinies of the millions in the country, it is Mr. Speaker: He may proceed. time each one of us thinks about— even though we passed our Constitu Shri Kelappan: tion the other day. Our President was speaking to the “A violent and bloody revolu millions in this country, and it was tion is a certainty one day unless perhaps being listened to by millions. there is a voluntary abdication of I thought there would be at least a riches and the power that riches skeleton programme in it of what you wield and share them for the were going to do in the next five years. common good.” I was disappointed. It contained nothing of the kind. We all swear by These are prophetic words. Are we Mahatmaji. When the Father of the prepared to abdicate riches^ or are Nation is mentioned all of us tap at we for the other alternative of a the back of the seats just to show our bloody revolution? Now, are we do respect for that great man. The Presi ing anything to put these ideas into dent wanted economic equality and practice? social justice, and my friend Dr. Desh- mukh who spoke this morning said There is the Karachi Resolution on that all those were inspiring words. fundamental rights. That says that 505 Motion on Addres9 20 MAY 1952 by the President 206 the highest pay in the country will be In the President’s Address no men Rs. 500. W£ have from hundreds of tion was made about the foreign pos- platforms decried the top-heavy ^ssions in India. The India Govern administration of the British in the ment has foUowed a weak-kneed policy country. Have we changed it now? foreign possessions so JJow, the President of the Republic is far. The French and the Portuguese paid Rs. 10,000. Our Governors are have to realize that the days of paid Rs. 5,000 and odd. Probably the not go- Ministers are getting about the same mg to tolerate them any longer here. amount. The same top-heavy adminis fh f 4° ^ to end tration is there. The difference bet the British domination. To allow the^e ween the highest pay and the lowest foreign possessions in India is not should never be more than five times. / ganger to our safety but it Or, let us be a little indulgent to retards the working of the several re these people on account of the higher forms that we might introduce. For standard of life they have been lead instance, there is prohibition. In Mahe, ing. If the minimum that a family a small French possession in Malabar, requires for its very existence is Rs. there is anti-prohibition with a 100, let the maximum that we pay be vengeance. There almost every house Rs. 1,000— that is ten times that figure II shop and the people from and not more. Unless we make up the prohibition areas go there to drink our mind to effect drastic cuts in the and that is, m fact the market for all highest pay and considerably increase Kinds of contraband goods also We the lowest pay, we are not going to re * e s e foreign posses tain the confidence of the people of sions m this country any longer. My this country, even though by the sacri tin^ IS over and I do not wish to say fices that we made during the last, anything more. say, thirty years in the freedom fight we had established ourselves in the minds of the people. Our food policy has been a faUure. It requires drastic overhauling. The We have now sent a cultural mis conmunity projects and other village sion to China. I do riot know wbat ^ successful, that means. Is it to bring into contact must have their roots in the country. the two great cultures of India and must China? Are the twenty or thirty odd t ^ e deep roots here. The intense people that we have sent to China l^adi scheme of the Madras Govern true representatives of the culture of ment was a failure and the men who India? Are the parties and feasts that were lent by the A.I.C.C. to the Madras they are holding in consonance with withdra^^-n in dis- our own views about life that we ^st. Therefore, Government will do ought to lead? We believe in simple weU to consider the matter and look to life and the larger freedom of the the villagers themselves to initiate soul. That is what the President and support these schemes and not to says in his Address. All the repu the foreigners or foreign capital. tation that we have in the world is certainly not due to the missions that *''?aiice (Shri C. D. we have sent or the extravagance that uesnmukh); Many hard things have we have shown outside. If we have been said about the economic situa any reputation • in the world, it is tion, but on this occasion, I do not due to that great man, that half-clad propose to say very much about that fakir in the words of Churchill. The the leaders of the world have gone to Budget discussions opportunities of his hut and squatted on the floor and making observations will recur There partaken of the fare which they serv^e are one or two thoughts that have among their own people there. No been expressed, which I think it would banquets, no parties were given and be wise on my part to counter, or that did not in any way detract from take the earliest opportunity to the greatness of this country. These counter One of them is that the delegations, these cultural missions to expenditure that we have incurred on the different parts of the world, oro- importing foreign food has all been a bably serv-^e to give a foreign holiday waste. J must confess that I was to a few favoured people who cannot su^rised to hear this observation, remain at home. There is so much although it is true that ultimately o f canvassing about this business and self-sufficiency in food is our objec perhaps even in the selection of the tive. It should be remembered that personnel there is favouritism and India has been an importer of food prejudice. I believe we have to even before the war and students of curb this eagerness to send missions the subject might recall that our im to foreign countricfi. ports used to amount to a million tons 207 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 208^ [Shri C. D. Deshmukh] principally in rice from Burma. Since then, the country has been partition subject, without anticipating the ed, an event which has involved a Budget. But, I find that there is so loss which may be placed at about much misunderstanding about this 750,000 to one million tons. The po 1 “ y duty to take steps to pulation also has grown. As against dispel it at the earliest opportunity. I this our average imports during the propose therefore to pour a little oU of last few years might be of the order facts on the troubled waters of feel- of 3i million tons. I do not mgs, aroused by, undoubtedly, a certain consider that any dispassionate degree of privation that has been observer will regard this order of brought about by the increase in issue imports as denoting extravagance. prices, that has been the result of what is variously described as the The other observation which I withdrawal or abolition of the subsi should like to traverse at the earliest dies. As a matter of fact, here also it possible stage is that the expenditure IS important to . remember that what being incurred on river valley works IS complained against is not really the is all a waste. In the first place, it withdrawal of the subsidies on the is not true to believe that we are scale on which they were being given entering upon the construction of these also^the failure to find works to the exclusion of minor irriga additional money for subsidising the tion works. In our minds there is no higher import prices. However, I shall clash between these two objectives. mtle^ater^^^^ subject a One is a short term objective and the otiier is a long term objective and there are limitations in practice on It would be useful if I gave a little the number of minor irrigation works historical background. In 1950 the that can be imdertaken. I believe, scale of subsidy was as follows-’ We generally speaking, that the minor had to subsidise wheat at the rate of irrigation work is cheaper to execute Ks. 1-11-0 per maund; coarse rice at but more expensive to maintain and a rate of Rs. 5-1-0 and millets at rlvnr solves your problem o total imports were m a more permanent fashion. It snouia “ 2:1 million tons and our total expendi ~ also 06 r^embered that tnese river ture from the Centre on subsidies valley works are called multi-purpose was Rs. 15 crores. In 1951, the prices river valley works, that is to say, of imported grains had risen and the their objective is not merely to bring scale of subsidies which would have water to parched lands or lands which been necessary was as follows: wheat are protected only by a fiifi:! rainfall • 5^- „ maund, coarse rice but also to generate power and to Rs. 7-4-0 per maund and milo Rs. 5-4-0. save millions of acres v/hich are If we had given subsidies on the same devastated annually by floods. As a same pattern as in matter of fact, minor irrigation works 1950, then we should have had to have figured in the ‘grow more food’ spend Rs. 58 crores, because, apart campaign for the last three or four from the rise in prices, the total years and increasing stress is being quantity imported had risen from 2'1 laid on them from the point of view million tons to 4:7 million tons. Now which seemed to appeal to some Mem this was the situation with which we bers who spoke on the subject, namely, were faced about 15 months ago. Con that they were the easiest way of ditions were highly inflationary. Oa securing local co-operation and, may the other hand, we did not have the be, local finance. In Madras, I believe, wherewithal to give subsidies on that if one were to study the matter, there large scale. We were therefore driven has been no lack of expenditure on to the conclusion that it would be best minor irrigation works. But, the to apply whatever resources we had trouble has been that many of those or we could raise to subsidising the tanks and many of those wells on cost of living in the industrial towns which money has been spent, have not alone and a few other highly deficit been filled because, of the continuous areas like Travancore-Cochin. At the drought for the last four or five years. same time, we decided to subsidise This fact illustrates the difference in milo, the poor man’s food, for all the degree of protection which is areas, although again for economic afforded by minor irrigation works as reasons we still decided to give a compared with the river valley pro higher subsidy for milo in the urban jects. areas than in the rural rationed areas. As a result, we reduced our subsidy I shall turn tp the subject on which commitments to Rs. 36:56 crores. I was to speak on this occasion, name the same time, fortunately we were ly, subsidies. In a sense, I cannot do able to borrow for the purpose of so, at least I cannot do justice to th® Importing an additional two million 210 209 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President tons. We came to the conclusion that what is worse, the disparity between the grain that we imported could not towns and villages to which I have be sold at its landed cost. We decid referred would have increased as a ed that on grain worth about Rs. 95 result. Again, taking instances from crores we might have to lose about the Bombay city, in Bombay the price Rs. 20 crores, and that of that, about would have remained at Rs. 16 and,^ Rs. nine crores of loss would have to be in the rural areas, it would have been incurred during the year 1951. There Rs. 23/8. And had we aimed at main fore, the total subsidy was a little over taining the same price both in the Rs. 45 crores. The American wheat, subsidised and in the unsubsidised the landed cost of which was Rs. 22-l-0‘ areas, that is to say, if we had aimed at was distributed to the States at Rs. the price of Rs. 16 all over the country^ 18-6-0 per maund. then we found that we should have required Rs. 90 crores.' Well, here was You will ask. Sir, how it was pos a dilemma. In the meanwhile, infla sible for us to find a sum of this order tionary trends seemed to have disap against Rs. 15 crores which was ^ peared in a way and the income that that we could afford in the year 1950. we were making from export duties The answer is furnished by the same was melting within our very sight, and inflationary trends which made it we should have continued with a necessary for us to undertake the position which was proving to be more subsidy. As a result of those tren^, and more embarrassing. In other our own income from export duties words, the vicious circle would have was phenomenally high, and, in a taken another turn. Anything that is sense, one might say that the proceeds acquired without any great effort al of export duties were applied tow^ds ways demoralises, no matter how subsidies. In other words, subsidies high one’s principles, may be. It is al were a concomitant of inflation, "hat most an unconscious reaction and when was in accordance with the best a^ reference was made in the President’s proved economic doctrines in regard speech, 1 do not believe it was intend to countering inflation. One result, ed to cast any aspersions on any State however, of this change in the pattern Governments. On the other hand, of subsidies was the growing disparity when the £?tate Governments know it in the issue prices between the that grain at a cheap rate could be industrialised towns and the rest of made, available from the Centre, they the rationed rural areas. Even as we are inclined to take one sort of view of were changing the system, we received ^eir own powers of procurement. violent protests from State Govern When the Food Ministers’ Conference ments and, at one time, it looked as if met in February this year, their there was going to be a very strong aggregate of demands for imported opposition to the introduction of the grain amounted to 7:9 million tons. I new system. As an instance of this might mention that there is no such disparitv, I shall give two figures be surplus in the world today. Secondly, longing to the State of Bombay. In even if we could get hold of 7:9 million Bombay city, the issue price of wheat tons, our ports cannot handle that as subsidised was Rs. 16 whereas in traffic. Their capacity is limited to the unsubsidised areas it was between five and six million tons. In Rs. 21-11-0. a way that was the figure that the de mands of the State Governments added Then, we come to the current year, up to. They were asked to think beginning of 1952, when we took this again, which they did, and they reduc decision. By that time, there had been ed their demand to an aggregate of a further rise in the international seven million tons. When it was point prices of grains and the subsidy rates, ed out that perhaps they might have had we been able to give the subsidy, made a mistake in estimating out would have been as follows: wheat turns and that such simple surveys as Rs. 6-10-0 per maund as against, you we had been able to make pointed will recall, Sir, Rs. 1-11-0 per maund to a little better out-turn, they were in 1950, barely two years ago; coarse finaUy persuaded to reduce their de rice Rs. 10-4-0 per maund and milo mands to 4:7 million tons. And since Rs. 10-5-0 per maund. Then, for the the subsidy had been withdrawn, even imsubsidised areas where milo was that figure is not being adhered to, and being subsidised, already, we should we have already been able to reduce have had to pay Rs. 7-5-0 per maund. our intended quantity of import by We found therefore by simple calcula about half a million tons. It is not tion that in order to subsidise or go possible to reduce it further because on subsidising other than industrial orders had already been placed. I towns would have cost us Rs. 44 therefore think that the withdrawal of crores plus Rs. 10 crores, representing the subsidies or refraining from giving a further loss on the loan wheat, and. additional subsidies—^and that must be -211 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 212 [Shri C. D. Deshmukh] read into this every time that we talk of the withdrawal or the abolition of “ possible that subsidies—was very well timed. We hnt f “ increase, are at a juncture when we seem to but I should be very much surprised if be turning from the sellers’ market to the mcrease wUl take the index very the buyers’ market, and as one aspect much beyond the highest point which of this phenomenon, the producer was reached in 1951, that is, 321. So. everywhere finds that he is overstock- II for other reasons, and those other be rs were blaming Government for The legislation which I suggest should not being ready with action to lay down that within a period of five- pounter depression ^n their various or ten years every one of us must take territorial areas. So that is a pro the responsibility of educating ten blem which perhaps had better be or fifteen illiterate persons and teach dealt with during the Budget dis them reading and writing. Just as we cussions if we are at all iij a position have self-suflficiency in food we must to deal with that problem in a con have splf-snffiripnrv in----- brain also. clusive and definitive way. We cannot take our proper place in the comity of nations if many One last word, and that is that of our citizens are not educated. there is a reference towards the end So far we have been marching head of paragraph 14 of the President’s long in the comity of nations with a speech which says that wherever there is evidence of distress Govern great strain. Though our leader has ment is anxious that no distress made a name and fame for India in should be caused and it will do all in other fields, he has still to strive its power to prevent this from hard to see that India becomes as happening. Government stands by much forward as other nations of this assurance and the only reason the West and the East. It is there why it is not possible to announce any fore that I say that there should be figure is that we do not know exactly, a programme wherein every educa we have no quantitative measure of ted person must co-operate with the the distress and I have no doubt that Government in seeing that within a when we are in possession of some period of, say, ten years education definite evidence in this matter then is given to all our people. we should have to find the necessary resources for the mitigation of that Another aspect which I want to in distress. sist is that so far as the the bulk of the people ;n Madras are concer Shri N. R. M. Swamy (Wandi- ned they are not educated and are • wash): I beg to move: backward. The backward communi (1) That at the end of the motion ties in Madras are about three-fifths the following be added : of the toted population of the State and “ but regret that no ref'elrence are not well provided for. m ey have or mention has been made in the been socially and educationally Address of any intention to give backward and no steps have so far efiect to the provisions relating to been taken to implement the specific the appointment of a Commission provisions made in the Constitution. to investigate the conditions of This question has been agitated for a backward classes.” long time, that is the appoihtment of a commission, but the question (2) That at the end of the motion has been given a step-motherly treat the following be added : ment all this time. I wish to insist that my amendments should be accep “but regret that no policy has ted and the appointment of the co been envisaged or chalked out to mmission should be attended to resolve the issue regarding the forthwith before an 3^hing else is liquidation of foreign pockets done. in India.” As regards irrigation previous I do not propose to traverse the as speakers have been saying that for pects and subjects which have been want of rain we have not been able referred to in the President’s Address to achieve our object. Self-sufRciency in the way the previous speakers have in food has become a failure because been referring to. I propose saying of want of rain. If the rains come only a few vi^rds as regards the edu we will have all our projects work cational policy and the programme ing and our targets accordingly that has been settled by the States fulfilled. I wish to say that there and the Centre. We have been mar are several projects... ching in our onward march towards democracy. The bulk of the popula Shri C. D. Deshmukh: On a point tion in India is not well educated. I of personal explanation. I do not re therefore would suggest that unless member to have said that all our ‘grow- some Central legislation is introduced more-food’ campaign has failed beca in this behalf the onward march of use of want of rain. What I said democracy will not be realised. To was that in Madras although we wards that end I propose suggesting spent a great deal of money on minor that every one of us here muse takp irrigation works those tanks andi the responsibility of pdiipat.ing at ipagf~ works have not been filled because ten illiterate men and see that before of continuous drought for the last certain aaie they become literate. five years. *215 Motion on Address 20 M AY 1952 by the President 216 4 P.M. treatment from the Centre. From the map of India Madras sometimes seems Shri N. B. M. Swamy: I am much to have disappeared altogether. What ■obliged for the explanation. Failure I hope is this, that at least hereafter of rain has considerably helped in Madras will have priority in all res new projects being started. It is only pects and its grievances which are in that sense I said those words. many will be attended to wUh greater care by the Centre. There are so many projects pro posed and they are awaiting imple Mr. Chairman: Amendments moved: mentation. These projects are varied. I suggest that there may be (1) That at the end of the motion one very important and big project the following be added: over which we may spend some cro- res of rupees and by having a net “but regret that no reference work of channels starting from U.P. or mention has been made in and going down South up to Cape the Address of any intention • to Comorin, we may be able to take give effect to the provisions re water from the perennial rivers of lating to the appointment of a the North, especially the Ganges, to Commission to investigate the the South. conditions of backward classes.’ So far as the South is concerned, (2) That at the end of the motion nothing has been done yet because all the following be added: the projects are pending execution. “ but regret that no policy has [ S h r i M . A. Ayyangar in the Chair] been envisaged or chalked out to resolve the issue regarding the li The network of channels may be quidation of foreign pockets in constructed by getting the necessary India.” money from outside, if we do not find our resources to be enough. Swami Ramananda Tirtha (Gulber- ga): I come from Hyderabad. Being The next point that I refer to in my a new-comer to this House, I would amendments relates to foreign pock not have dared to catch the Speaker’s ets. Pondicherry is a refuge for eye but for certain remarks that fell persons to smuggle goods to. This from one of the hon. Members of this works havoc to our economic House who hails from the same State structure. that I hail from. A plea has been put forth for the general amnesty of Unless severe steps are taken to re the prisoners, “ political” as they are move those pockets and weld them into termed, on behalf of my hon. friend. the Union, nothing would happen in Before I say anything about the cor regard to the elimination of smug rectness of the proposition, I would gling. In spite of the steps taken by like to submit to this House a few the Central Government to see that facts of the past as also of the pre the smugglers are arrested, ar sent. It is necessary to know the rack, fine clothing etc. are being backj^round of the armed struggle smuggled. Nothing has been said which was waged on the soil of Tele- about this in the President’s Address. ngana. - Now I advert to another subject. Speakers in this House have been May I be permitted to inform this saying that there are American spies House that the so-called armed strug all over the country. Let me say that gle has its genesis in the Calcutta Re I find also Russian spies here and solution of the Congress of the Com there, watching the movements of our munist Party of India. It is not cor countrymen. We should not be par rect to say that the struggle or the tial towards one country and impar movement carried on by the peasants tial towards another. Whoever it of Telengana is an agrarian struggle. may be that indulges in spying, The struggle that was carried o n - thLs evil must be checked. I am sor armed in its character—was in order ry that on this occasion, instead of to overthrow the Nehru Government joining in the Motion of Thanks, I established by law. It was not a Pea have had to move some amendments. sant struggle. It was a political But since I find these aspects to be im- movement. I should draw the atten Dortant and their omission from xhe tion of this House to the fact that Address to be deplorable, I have when the freedom struggle was being tabled these amendments. waged on the soil of Hyderabad, the Communist Party opposed the princi So far as Madras is concerned, it ple of accession of Hyderabad to In IS receiving a very step-motherly dia. There was no military then 217 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 218 posted on the soil of Hyderabad. The I do agree that there was an eiemeiit military came there when an armed of coercion and suppression on the part struggle was carried on with all its of the militai:y also. But it was not relentlessness for the past so many a one-sided tragic and the terrorisation- months before the Police Action. I caused by the Communist struggle was should remind the House that the area also tremendous. I should in this con which is called Telengana was made a nection mention the instance of a base for the establishment of a paral lage wherein all the males— I am not lel Government, and if I am right, I saying these things from hearsay, it is would quote figures given by my hon. my own personal experience—I have friends on the other side. “ In our visited a village where all the males 2000 villages” , they said, “we have our were forced to take shelter in the mili own government”. tary camp for fear of losing their lives during the night time. I would submit I would now like to submit to this to this House that during this armed House that the movement that was struggle more than 250 Congrecs carried on was anti-national in its workers and Congress supporters have character. Had it b^n only a nea- been killed. I v^^ould also submit to sant movement, I can assure my hon. this House that in many of the villages friend Shri Reddy that most of us innocent villagers have been massacred would be with him. We are not re —not the zamindars. I would also actionaries. We want agrarian oro- submit , to the House that cattle were blems to be squarely solved. But made to roam from one place to when under the garb of that peasant another in thousands, simply to dis struggle an armed warfare is waged, locate the economic life of the villagers. it is but natural for the Government I. therefore, submit, that with this of India to march its armies into that background if my friends on ^ e other- area. It is not ou+ of will hut out of side say that it was a freedonJ^truggle, the force of circumstances created by well, here I am to object to it. m y hon. friends that the Indian mili tary marched into those areas after the trouble started. In this connection I would like to refer to one remark made by my I may he permitted to say that the friend, Mr. Ravi Narayan Reddi. Ho Communist Party of Hyderabad which is a friend of mine and I have got all -continued to be an unlawful organi appreciation for the sacrifice that he sation was legalised when we were in has made. A reference to what the prison. .Why? Had it not been for late Sardar Patel said in one of his an advantage that the Government of speeches at Hyderabad has been made Hyderabad could visualise, it would here. I was present at that meeting. not have lifted the ban on the Com- If I remember ariHht. what the Sardar mimist Party of Hyderabad. Now, I said was that he would root out would humbly submit that the armed violent mentality from the soil of struggle in Telengana was meant to Telengana. Is there anything objec create a separate armed pocket in the tionable in it? Everyone of us who heart of India after the manner of want a progressive social and economic Viet Nam and Malaya. I therefore order through democratic metnod cannot agree to the proposition put sbouM object to this mentality and ^ry forth by my hon. friend that it was our best to root it out. only a struggle for the attainment of the freedom. A reference was also made to tbe It should be clearly remembered that suppres?’’or! of civil liberties. I do not the conditions that prevailed then were know what more liberty my hon. ■conditions of uncertainty. In those un friends want. The ban on the Com certain times, chaos and anarchy were' munist Party of Hyderabad has boeii being fomented in oarts of Telengana. lifted unconditionally. We did not I just referred to the conditions after insist upon the surrender of arms and the Police Action. I have lived and they can today— as anyone of us v'zan roamed about those parts for five con do—go on propagating their idea;’ tinuous months, when nobody without freely. But in all sincerity let me sub arms could dare to go into those areas. mit to my hon. friends that if we on I would like to submit to this House this side had carried on the freedom that thoso villagers who had even in struggle and if they had been in power. the renDtest degree anything to do T think none of us would have been wifT^ my visit were harassed by the here to object to their actions. When communists. I would submit to this more than 250 of us have been House that in a certain case the house physically liquidated on the soil of of a per^^on ’^/ho cflcred me soTie eat Telengana. v.'hat civil liberties could ables was burnt. I submit to this we expect from them. But here a House that hundreds and thousands of democratic Government, in the face of villagers were terrorised. all these actions, is giving the fullest 219 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 220 [Swami Ramaoanda Tirtha] freedom to the party to follow demo if it is to be effected has to be effected cratic methods and I think it would be with caution. As one of those who uncharitable on the part of my friends are intimately connected with the poli to say that civil liberties have been tical trends in Hyderabad, I humblr crushed, that Commimists are being suggest to my friends here that chey hunted, that concentration camps are should have no hesitation in surrender being spread over and so on and so ing the arms, in following the demo forth. cratic methods, in offering their hand of cooperation to us, in effecting the Reference has also been made about socio-economic progress of the country the free and free nature of the elec and in raising the standard of the tions. May I say that during the people of this great land. elections, there is ample evidence to show, that armed squads were wander One word about the external policy ing in the villages and people were of the Government of India. I believe terrorised. Women were threatened India’s stature in the comity of nations that their kum kum would be removed has been considerably raised because and their mangalya sutra would be of the policy of peace which we have snatched. I have no hesitation in say followed. I am not one of those who ing that if my friends want an im are anxious to align either with the partial enquiry to be made into these American bloc or the Russian bloc. happenings 1 would be the last person Ours is a policy of a self-respecting^ to object to it. nation, an independent foreign policy, and I should say in all humbleness Shri R. N. Reddy (Nalgonda): I too that generations to come will be grate have no objection to an impartial ful to the Prime Minister of India for enquiry. having raised his oowerful voice again st the forces of destruction. I am Swami Ramananda Tirtha: This is a believer in that policy, and I think so far as the past and the present are that way lies the progress of the world. concerned. But what about the future? The future also has been amply illus I heartily support the motion for a trated by my friend Mr. A. K. Gopalan. vote of thanks to the President. In one of his speeches a few days back he said that he has no f^ith in the Shri Jaipal Singh (Ranchi W est- ballot box. I hope I am correct— at Reserved—Sch. Tribes): I beg to move: least that is what is reported in the That at the end of the motion the Press. If it is wrong, let him contra following be added: dict it. But I am not surprised at this statement. I know that the Com “ but regret that no mention has munist Party of India has got a three been made about the implementa pronged strategy. One is United Demo tion of the special provisions of cratic Fronts in the Legislatures: twu, the Constitution in regard to the mass actions in the form of strikes Backward Classes and in particular and all that; three, armed guerilla of the Scheduled Tribes.” squads. I am not prepared to believe I am grateful to you for enabling me that the Communist Party of India, as to say what I could not on that happy it is visualising the future today, is day of the election of the Speaker prepared to go the way of demo when even the leaders of all the cratic methods in developing the coun diminutive parties congratulated him try as all of us wish to do. I would on his election. I for sheer lack of submit that the arms are still in the time could not felicitate him on be possession of the Communists and a half of the iungle folk, on behalf of plea has been put forth that unless a the Jharkhand Party, on behalf of guarantee or assurance is given that Adibasis, the most ancient aristocra warrants against those who are still cy of India. I have no doubt what underground are withdrawn, all per ever, knowing you as I have done all sons released and an assurance given these years and also the Speaker, that that everything will be O.K.. the arms the Tribal representatives, the mere will not be surrendered. I think it is handful of them that are in this a proposition which none of us can House, will receive generous and agree to. Arms cannot be retained by considerate guidance from you in their any citizens without licence—whether humble efforts. They represent the he belongs to the Communist Party of voice of the most backward people of India or whether he does not belong to this country. it. And I think with the arms in their possession, with this past background I am in rather an awkward position and with no reasonable assurance this time because it was I who mov about the future a general amnesty. ed the Motion of Thanks the last time Motion on Addfes8 20 M A Y 1952 by the President 2 2 i when the President was pleased to the development and welfare activi address this Hfljuse. 'But ai that time ties carried on in this country at the as at other times also, I have always instance of the Central Government maintained, and I maintain this time and that we should also have reports again today in my amendment, that as to what the State Governments every Government—wheixier it was the themselves are doing under the direc IJriiish regime or the Provisional tion of the Central Governmenl. This Government or even tnis popularly is obligatory. We should also have elected Government—^has criminally been told as to whether the President neglected the most ancient and the proposed to appoint the Commission original people of India. Not in one to investigate whether the special pro single Address—neither this time, nor visions for the backward classes were before— has the Government ever being implemented, how they were made mention of the real inhabitants being implemented and when they of this country; not once. Even in would be implemented, according to the present Address, to me it seems article 339. That also is completely criminal negligence that not one word missing in the President’s Address. has been said about the most back That much about the backward classes. ward people of this country. They We shall have ample opportunities at are not a small number. They should the time of the Budget discussion to have been, according to the Indian take the Treasury Benches to task for Science Congress, not less than 30 their sins of omission and commis million people. They are unrepresent sion. ed on the Treasury Benches. And in the Cabinet that I see here, the pat tern of the new Nehru regime, I see On this occasion I join hands with no change whatever—no change either a friend who spoke today. I think it for the better or the worse. Adibasis is the first time that any compliment are just going to continue to be neg has been given to our Armed Forces. lected. That is the picture of Adf- I do not remember a single occasion basis. I have no desire whatever to during the last six years when th® be sectarian in what I say. When- I Army had been congratulated for anj^ am speaking of the Adibasi millions thing, except perhaps when there was I am including of course all the back the Police Action when the Army were ward classes. ^But 1 cannot, but be doing their rightful job. But this time sceptical because the Constitution ac it was really very satisfying to find cords the Adibasis, accords the Mr. Shiva Rao to my left and Mr. Scheduled Tribes particular protec Patnaik on my right saying something tion. There are special provisions to good about the Army, taking the cue ensure that they shall be protected, from what the President had ^aid in that there shall be special schemes for his Address, “ Our army is doing valu their welfare and development, for able work” . Whenever the Defence which the President himself has a budget has been discussed, the Army personal responsibility. Now, I expect has been criticized for its extravag ed that in this Address the President ance, and it is gratifying that, at would have mentioned what his res long last, the representatives in this ponsibility in regard to the backward House are beginning to recognize the classes was and what he proposed vital work the Army has always done. through his Government to do in re Whenever the civilian administration gard to his particular, specific respon has been in a light corner it is the sibility. Take, for example, article Army that has come to the rescue of 275 wherein the Central Government a Province or the country. But while I is under an obligation to assist the say this, I would also like to stress— States in carrying out such schemes I think it is very urgent— that we for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes should realize, all of us, that the Army as may have been drawn un with its is not getting altogether a fair deal. approval. Then again, coming to Most of us are under the impression article 338, I know the President has that the men in the Army are highly appointed a Special Officer. But we paid. How many of us have been to want to know what the Special Officer the homes of the Army officers and is doing. Last year we agitated about other ranks to see how they are living, the report the President is supposed how they are just about managing to to lay on the Table of Parliament. We educate their children? Only the other were denied a report. We were only day I heard that the moment the told that a bunch of letters had been Nehru Cabinet was formed, the first collected and that they would be laid rush was to get the biggest houses on the Table of the House. The possible and it was discovered that Constitution eifloins that this Special some of our senior Generals were in Officer should report to the President nice bungalows. The senior Generals and the President should lay that re have been told to quit for our Cabinet port on the Table ol this House about Ministers to live there. Our Gentrals 91 P45i). 223 Motion on Address 2# MAY 1952 by the President 224 [Shri Jaipal Singh] do not mind quitting or going to other the people of Kharswan and Saraikela houses, because, after all, they are wanted tha^ e/,her .SaraiKela or soldiers. The point here is the human Kharswan or both should go to Orissa one. We do not realize what it means but It was because they resisted the for some of them to have to quit, to pushing of these two small states into make way for civilian occupation. Of tne province of Orissa. Blood flowed course, that is only a minor matter at Knarswan and blood flowed later but if you go to Panagarh it would on in Mayurohanj also and as many as open your eyes to find the horrible nine firings were resorted to and as conditions under which some of our many as Z60 people were killed and officers and their men are living, in about 20 died in jail, because Mayur- “ crossed” hutments that have already bhanj was integrated to Orissa against been condemned and our Government tneir wisn. 1 wisn to say no more. has the temerity to charge rent for Tnere will be other opportunities for occupation from our Armed Forces. figliting tnis out. If it is merely a Let us, while we acknowledge the tre question of elections, I would urge on mendous patriotic services of our my non. friend and other friends also Armed Services, also realize their needs not to make too much of it. Many and look after them because if there things have happened at the elections. is any discipline in this country it is This is the lirst round. Wait for a only in our wonderful Armed Services. few more rounds and then you will know the real temper, the real wisdom I do hope the Nehru Cabinet will not of the electorate. The electorate is forget the commitment made on the not to be taken unawares. Do not be floor of this House previously and it sure of vour own victory. Whether relates to the damage that had been you have won rightly or wrongly, by done in the census by the massacring nonest means or loul means, you are of tribal figures whereby, what was in here, but wait. Give the masses a 1941, 273 lakhs was reduced to 179 cnance to understand the power of lakhs, whereby 100 lakhs of tribals tne vote and then talk about Imguistic were as it were denied the special provinces and see whether the masses protection the Con^itution had pro are with you and against the otner mised them. We were promised that party. 1 am not so much for iingui.stic the status quo would be maintained. provinces as for administrative pro When Mr. Rajagopalachari was occupy vinces. What this country needs is not ing the Treasury Benches there, he a division into so many languages but said he would issue directives to all we want, to be administratively effici the provinces to maintain the status ent, whereby the whole country can De quo but that has not been done. My unified and made stronger. friend, Dr. P. S. Deshmukh will bear me out that in the grant of the central Mr. Chairman: Amendment moved: scholarships, we were confronted with this difficulty, that whereas the Home That at the end of the motion the Minister had given us a definite pro following be added: mise, that the status quo would be maintained, his directive had not been “ but regret that no mention has honoured. Now the damage, the terri been made about the implementa ble injustice about which Thakkar tion of the special provisions of Bapa also protested to Sardar Vallabh- the Constitution in regard to the bhai Patel and others, the terrible in Backward Classes and in parti justice of arbitrarily having reduced cular of the Scheduled Tribes.” their numbers from, say, 273 to 179 lakhs, that can be remedied only by Shri S. S. More (Sholapur): I have legislation. Now, I find in the Address submitted several amendments to the that there is no mention whatever. Motion of Thanks to be presented to the President. 1 do not intend to To end up, I would like to make a travel over the whole field that is reference to something that has been covered by all the amendments. I said by my hon. friend, the Maharaja propose to emphasize two of my of Patni. He talked about linguistic amendments regarding food problem provinces and in his talk he dragged in and food subsidies. Saraikela. He said that the Ganiitantra Parishad raised the issue of getting I beg to move: Saraikela to Orissa and he mentioned that blood had flowed on the 1st Janu (1) That at the end of the motion ary 1948 just when we were rejoicing the following be added: over our independence. He forgot to “but regret that the Address, tell this House why there was the when referring to the recent Kberswan firing. It was not because elections under the Constitution, 225 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the Presidenl 226 has failed to mention that in (5) That at the end of th® motion majority of constituencies the following be added: the elections were neither free not fair.’* “ but regret that the Address fails to refer specifically to the (2) That at the end of the motion catastrophic fall in the prices of the following be added: gur, cotton, groundnuts and similar “but regret that the Address other agricultural products which, if not stemmed in time, will com refers to the shortage of food problem in a very superficial pletely ruin a large section of the peasantry and small traders and manner and consequently griev eventually seriously affect the ously fails to note the grave food situation in many parts of the whole economy of the country.''* country which are in the grim grip (6) That at the end of the motion of dire famines which are pri the following be added: marily caused by the system of British-brand administration still “ but regret that the Addresa operating in this country; the when referring to noble Ideals Address has also failed to notice of equality and social and econo that the method of procurement mic justice does not indicate the and the ruinously unremunerative concrete measures which the Gov prices given to the producers of ernment of India intend to pursue food-grains—particularly in the in their endeavour to reach thi^ Bombay State— have substantially objective as speedily as possible.” contributed to the shortage of food-grains and to the failure of (7) That at the end of the motion the Grow More Food campaign.” the following be added: “ but regret that the Address has (3) That at the end of the motion absolutely failed to point out the the following be added; wide-spread corruption, inefficien “but regret that the reference cy, nepotism, and extravagance in in the Address to the withdrawal expenditure in the administration of Government subsidy and the of the Government of India and consequent high rise in the prices .to emphasise the immediate neces of essential food-grains is erroneous sity of taking urgent measures to and complacent and completely remedy these very serious evils.” ignores the fact that the with drawal of the subsidy, on very (8) That at the end of the motion the following be added: flimsy grounds, has enormously raised the prices of food-grains “ but regret that the Address does and thus reduced workers, peasants not mention the urgent necessity and middle classes to the lament of the general redistribution of able level .of actual starvation as States on linguistic basis-, as re will be evident from the different peatedly promised by the Cong forms of agitation started in differ ress. and particularly the desirabi ent parts of the country and lity of forming Samyukta Maha especially of the Bombay State.” rashtra State composed of all the Marathi-speaking areas from Bom (4) That at the end of the motion bay— incliidiner city of Bombay, the following be added: Mad'iya Pradesh and Hydernbad “but regret that the reference States.” in the Address to the general economic situation in the country In the President’s Address certain and the fall in the prices of several references have been made to the food commodities reveals that the situation prevailing in the country Government of India have failed and I may say that these references to realise that the economic situa are made in rolling periods and sono- ^ tion is rapidly worsening and that rous sentences. I may appreciate the ' the collapse of prices is due part English. I may appreciate the quali ly to the general post-war depres ty of the phrases that have been used sion heading towards a serious but when we so to the contents of the crisis and partly due to the com Address we t?et nothinff which would plete sanping of the purchasing hearten the people. The Conerress power of the peasantry, the wor- people ase not ready at present to have been suffer) ne from several look into the past history becaiise kers and the middle classes who that is very inconvenient for and serious economic ailments As the way to hell is paved with g:v)d such as high cost of living, unem- intentions, the way to power of the olovment. heaw taxation and Conf^ress peonle is naved with broken black marketing.” promises and violated pledges. N«- 227 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 228 [Shri S. S. More] tiirally, every time that they get up, pledges of class rulers are not meant they tell the people that we have Riv for the purjpose of implementation; en so many promises and we are pre they are meant for the purpose of pared to abide by these promises, but hoodwinking people. They are meant there are so many difficulties in our for the purpose of deceiving the peo way which impede our progress and ple. Dadabhoy Naoroji had said therefore, we cannot satisfy all the many times that the Britishers pro legitimate wants of the people nor mised to the ears of the people and remove their legitimate grievances. broke those promises to the hearts of I know, being a student of history, to the people. some extent, that such promises have always been made to the poor people When I speak of the British, my of this great country from time to blood gets boiling. When I start to time. I can quote a historic instance speak about the Congress people, a in 1858. I can give this House a sense of hesitation creeos on ma small quotation from the august pro because I was with the Congress. I nouncement, the declaration made by joined the Congress with different the Queen of Great Britain and the slogans. I was a young kid. My voico Empress of India. What does It say? grew hoarse shouting Nehru-ki-jai, Nehru-ki-jai. Because, all his writings Mr. Chairman: We have given up all and what he said were to me and to that- many others what the Vedas are to a Sanatani Brahmin; not Pandit Nehrujl Shri Velayudhan (Quilon cum of 15th August 1947, not the post Ma velikkar a—Reserved— Sch. Castes): independence Pandit Nehruji, but the But, we are in the Commonwealth. Pandit Nehruji who was fighting for the national cause. The President, the Shri S. S. More: These promises other day, said, “I have affirmed my which the Congress gave have gone out determination to dedicate myself to the of time like promissory notes, they service of this great country” . Yes: are not enforceable either. . India. Of what composition? Constitu ted of what elements? Do we mean by This is what she said on the 1st India, the great mountains and the November 1858: mighty rivers? Do we mean by India. Tatas, Birlas and the big business •It is Our earnest Desire to people who are bleeding the country stimulate the i>eaceful Industry of every minute of the day. No, Sir. I India, to promote Works of Public believe, no. We mean by India the Utility and Improvement,” people of India, the common man of India. I want to quote Pandit Nehruii I would request this House to mark because I do not want to harm the every line of the declaration made by grace of his language. If I use my her: own words. I will be doing greater “ and to administer its Govern damage to his language and therefore ment for the benefit of Our sub I shall quote what he means when we jects resident therein. In their say India. In his Glimpses of World Prosperity will be our strength; in History—the letters that he was writ their contentment Our security; ing to his daughter—he says, after and in their Gratitude our best depicting the various hardships that reward. And may the God of all the people had to suffer. Power . . . “I wish you to appreciate that India means these millions of un I believe God was napping all the happy agriculturists and not a time; He did not give all the power handful of middle-class folk who that she was praying for: fill the picture.” “ ...... grant to Us and to those I entirely accept what Pandit in authority under Us strength to Nehruji said and I underline that with carry out these Our wishes for the all the emphasis that I possess. India Good of our People.” thus means the unhappy millions of agriculturists who have been stuggling, i'rom 1858 till 15th Augjjst 1947, the who have been labourhilt in their fields British were ruling and if wfe are to from morning till midnight. I do stand characterise the rule of the British by that. But, my question Is, are they people, it was a gross flouting, a callous being properly looked after now by violation, of the sacred pledges, if they Pandit Nehruji who was espousing so can be called sacred, by the Imperial vehemently and so enthusiastically •K»wer. Pl«3ges of Imperial powers, their cause. 229 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1932 by the President 230 He has said in one of his notes serious promise, this solemn promise addressed to the National Planning given by Pandit Nehruji who was then Commission that the peasantry is a the worshipped idol of the people. neglected creature. I would again Unfortunately, that promise has not take your permission to quote exactly been kept; not a single thing has been his words. done to carry out what Pandit Nehruji directed to be done in his note quoted Babu Ramnarayan SInKh: Those are above. Why? It is not Pandit forgotten words. Nehruji’s fault. I am not blaming the Shri S. S. More: My hon. friend says, Congress people as individuals. It is those are forgotten words. But, people the fault of the system. A young man, who have a v e r y convenient memory in the exhuberance of his love, not and d eveloD the habit of forgetting only kissed the lady that he loved but uncomfortable things, are to be re also her lap dog. That is what has m in d ed time and again. I will take happend to the Congress. They got the classic instance of Dushyanta and power from the Britisher. The white Shakuntala. Dushyanta went to the skinned people transferred power to Ashram of Kanwa and saw a beauti the white-clothed people. But along ful girl going there with all her with the transfer of power came a innocence and bewitching beauty. His particular system which the British passionate desire was excited, held had devised and developed for the out some nromises and his wish w as purpose of exploring the country, I gratified. Then, he went to his palace may say that the real remnant who and conveniently forgot that there w as now represents the traditions of the some creature like Shakuntala but old bureaucracy is the hon. Minister Shakuntala could not afford to in charge of the Finance portfolio. I fo rg e t his promises. She went to do not mean any offence to anybody. his palace and did remind him. I have nothing to say against him “ This is the product of your efforts” . personally. But, he does represent a If I have to carry the analogy, I may particular mind: brought ud and bred say that the people o f India, the Janta by former imperial powers and our so-called, has been placed in the posi imperial masters. It is not easy to tion of Shakuntala and the Congress give up our habit as it is easy to give has all along played the role of up our dress. So when I heard his Dushyanta. So many promises were speech, when I heard his explanation made to the poor Shakuntala and the' for withdrawing the food subsidy. I same thing has happend. Now we see thought that some Schuster or Grigg that the Congress-Dushyanta is not pre was speaking from that Bench. I do pared to keen his word. The hon. not mean any offence; my hon. friend Minister of Food and Agriculture, in will accept my apology. I am not reply to a supplementary question by against individuals, but I am against Shrimati A. Kale referring to the the system as a whole. What is the promises and pledges by the Congress system? Dadabai Nauroji, in nis said, “ It is a matter of oast history” . presidential address in 1893. stated Yes; I know oast history is very im- that we speak apainst the Britishers’ comfortable, particularly to those who system, we do not soeak against the are sailing in the camo of the writer particular officers. What we attack is of Glimpses of World History. It is a the system but the officers are in the strange paradox of history, I may habit of taking what we say against say. the system as said in their own personal reference. ~ I again refer to I wanted to read Pandit Nehruii’s Pandit Nehru who has described note: this particular system. My most important witness, my most important “No social or economic structure and damning witness against the which does not provide work and present Nehru’s regime, is Nehru him security to the people can endure. self. This is what he says. Sir, with In India we have too long thought your permission, I propose to read in terms of the upper groups and rather a lengthy extract. ignored the vast numbers of our peasantry. This can no longer be Mr. Chairman: Long extracts will done, and this forgotten creature, unnecessarily take the time of the the Indian peasant, who has House. borne so many grievous burdens for centuries must find relief and Shri S. S. More; But, Sir, my words security and advancement in our will not carry conviction with the plan.” Members on the other side, and I am I would in all seriousness at my dis interested in convincing them. I kno^ posal, ask the Congress people if they It is a futile attempt, but I have to have done anything to implement this try since I am here. 231 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1952 by the President 232 Mir. Chairman: I am afraid the hon. Member has completed his time. gress, by the party in power and the Government in power. Shri S. S. More: Then. I shall sit down. Sir. I am referring to certain decisions of the various Committees. In 1943— Mr. Chairman: I will give him a the Foodgrains Policy Committee pre minute more. sided by Mr. Gregory was appointed. It was appointed by an autocratic Gov Shri S. S. More: I thank you, Sir. ernment and was presided over by a Of course. I submit to the time restric bureancrat, a genuine piece of the white tions, but when we are here, sent to bureancracy, but even that Committee this House by lakhs of people, and had the goodness to sav: “When we whon we have to give a complete list are introducinc a system of procure of their grievances, it is our duty and ment. we must give fair prices to the function, on occasions an unpleasant peasantry” , and they have definitely duty, an unwanted fiinction, but we and specifically said “by fair price we have to do it. But, when I am giving mean the cost of living and the cost this catalogue of the many grievances of production will be taken into con of the people, the time factor should sideration, and over and above that not come in. I think I will shortly some margin will be given” . Well, summarise what Pandit Nehru has after that, the Prices Sub-Committee said: that it is the system established was apDointed in 1946 oresided over here by the British imperialists which by Sir V. T. Krishnamachari. and this is at fault and all of us must strive Committee went into very fuller instead of speaking bitterly against a details, took different aspects of the few Bytishers. we must strive to smash matter into account: they admitted the system itself. This capitalist that our peasantry never got a souare system of administration must be deal, that our peaspntry is all along smashed. That is the gist of Pandit robbed, and they further said that Nehru’s contention. I entirely go with when wo are out to fix prices, we =?hall him as far as that part is concerned, take into consideration the cost of but, unfortunately. Sir, the man who living and the cost of production. I took upon himself the sacred duty of need not refer to further committees, smashing the imperialist machine has but I say that all these oledges and now become the first guardian and injunctions have been flouted by the custodian of that machine. present Government and orices have been fixed in a bureaucratic manner I will Droceed further in a very hit without takine into consideration the and run manner. I will speak rather in cost of production or the cost of living. telegraphic language. But my sub I will go nearer home to my State. mission is that this peasant, for whose I will give this House some instances. interest, for whose welfare so much In my part, from the constituency from solicitude has been expressed by Pandit which I am returned, hajra and jawar Nehru, and particularly by the Con are the staole crons which are grown. gress—in the Karachi Resolution, in the T have consulted a good many peasants. Agrarian Programme resolution of They sav that for a bag of 2h maunds April 19,36, in the Faizpur resolution their cost of production is about Rs. 40 of December 1936. in the Congress and what is the nrice fixeH bv Govern manifestoes of 1936, and of 1946— all ment which is now headed by, in the these promises have eone overboard. words^ of Pandit Nehru Morarji, the Just as I have stated, all these assur victorious or defeated Ir'^der of a vic ances have become oromissory notes torious party. What is the price that passed by insolvent persons and further has been fixed for a bag of jaumr which have gone out of time and there ■Rs. 23/2/- per bae—that is the price fore not enforceable. The promises fixed. So for every bat?, the peasant were that Congress shall see that the has to suffer a net loss of Rs. 17. and in interests of the peasantry are properly some cases, the bags have to be taken safeguarded, that he is not affected by over to the godowns. I will refer to the variations in prices, that he will certain villages. I have cot definite get a fair price for his labours, fair information in my possession. For price in the sense that the cost of pro instance, in Lasurna village in Indapur duction and the cost of living shall be Taluk in Poona district. 2.000 bags taken into consideration and after were collected bv the Procuring Officer. taking those things into consideration, I do not say anything about the method some margin will be left to him, so of procurement. I may say in the Con that he will be in a position to pay off gress agrarian programme. Congress the colossal load of indebtedness. But, leaders have said to the neasant that unfortunately, these very things have he will be saved from the harassment been ignored completely, by the Con of the petty official. But now you have 233 Motion on Address 20 MAY 1951 by the President 234 bu ilt up a grain mpnopoly for Govern One sentence and I will conclude. ment itself, and these very petty offi You have been sufficiently kind to me. cials, from whose harassment you nave I say that the Government’s adminis promised to save the people, have now tration all along has blundered. All become your own instruments, not as along they have been blundering and the agents of Hudsons and Maxwells, just as I have mentioned all along they but of Congressmen who now and then have been plunaermg the peasantry. exploit the holy name of Mahatma They not only blunder, they not only Gandhi. That is my complaint. So plunder but whenever we have the from this Lasurna village 2,000 bags courage to criticise they thunder at u£ were collected by these procurement This sort of blundering, plundering and officers, and calculate the loss at the thundering cannot go on for ever. rate of Rs. 17 per bag—for 2,000 Dags, the loss would come to about Rs. 34.000. Pandit A. R. Shastri (Azamgarh 1 think even a batch of dacoits pounc District—East cum Ballia District— ing upon the village in the dead of West): This is poetryl night would not have robbed the village to such an extent. My sub Shri S. S. More: This is not poelry. mission is—I do not want to exploit These are real facts and on certam your indulgence as the Congress people occasions real facts do become poetry. are exploiting the faith of the people— I will say with all the humility that I Mr. Chairman: Amendments moved: possess, I am not your critic for the sake of criticism. I think that you (1) That at the end of the motion have committed so many blunders. the following be added: 5 P.M. “but regret that the Address, when referring to the recent elec Mr. Chairman: The hon. Member tions under the Constitution, has will kindly address the Chair. failed to mention that in majority of constituencies the elections were Shri S. S. More: Yes. Sir. I may neither free nor fair.” complete the sentence. I have been a student of their administration, I am (2) That at the end of the motion comparing their administration with the following be added: the administration which was practised here for 150 years by the Britishers. “but regret that the Address I am comparing your administration refers to the shortage of food pro with the administration which prevails blem in a very superficial manner in other countries and I find that your and consequently grievously fails administration is full of errors, full of to note the grave food situation blunders. in many parts of the country which are in the grim grip of dire The Prime Minister and Minister of famines which are primarily caus External Affairs (Shri Jawaharlal ed by the system of British-brand Nehru): T he Speaker has no adminis administration still operating in tration. this country; the Address has also failed to notice that the method Shri S. S. More: No. Sir. I mean the of procurement and the ruinously Government, Sir. I would humbly unremunerative prices given to the request the Prime Minister to credit producers of lood-grains—parti me with some sense to know that the cularly in the Bombay State—have Speaker has no administration of hLs substantially contributed to the own and it is he who dominates the shortage of food-grains and to the whole administration. I do possess failure of the Grow More Food that much power of perception. So, I campaign.” say that you have been blundering all along. Sir, I cannot apologise to you. XL That at the end of the motion I do admit that I am a new man to the following be added: this House. I am not yet accustomed and I believe the Prime Minister will “but regret that the reference be tolerant when mistakenly I refer to in the Address to the withdrawal the Speaker instead of the Prime of Government subsidy and the Minister. consequent high rise in the prices of essential food-grains is erro Mr. Chairman: It was said only in neous and complacent and com good humour. pletely ignores the fact that the withdrawal of the subsidy, on very Shri S. S. More: I appreciate the flimsy grounds, has enormously humour. Sir. raised the prices of food grainy and 255 MX)tio i on Address 20 MAY 195^ by the President 230 [Mr. Chairman] thus reduced workers, peasants and (6) That at the end of the motion middle classes to the lamentable the following be added: level of actual starvation as will be evident from the different forms “but regret that the Address, of agitation started in different when referring to noble ideals of parts of the country and especially equality and social and economic of the Bombay State.” justice does not indicate the con crete measures which the Govern (4) That at the end of the motion ment of India intend to pursue in the following be added: their endeavour to reach this objective as speedily as possible.” “but regret that the reference in the Address to the general eco (7) That at the end of the motion nomic situation in the country and the following be added: the fall in the prices of several commodities reveals that the Gov “but regret that the Address ernment of India have failed to has absolutely failed to point out realise that the economjc situation the wide-spread corruption, ineffi is rapidly worsening and that the ciency, nepotism, and extrava collapse of prices is due partly to gance in expenditure in the ad the general post-war depression ministration of the Government of heading towards a serious crisis India and to emphasise the imme and partly due to the complete diate necessity of taking urgent sapping of the purchasing power measures to remedy these very of the peasantry, the workers and serious evils.” the middle classes who have been suffering from several and serious economic ailments such as high (8) That at the end of the motion cost of living, unemployment, the following be added: heavy taxation and black market ing.” “but regret that the Address does not mention the urgent neces (5) That at the end of the motion sity of the general redistribution the following be added: of States on linguistic basis, as re peatedly promised by the Congress, and particularly the desirability of “but regret that the Address forming Samyukta Maharastra fails to refer specifically to the State composed of all the Marathi catastrophic fall in the prices of gur, cotton, groundnuts and simi speaking areas from Bombay—in lar other agricultural products cluding city of Bombay, Madhya which, if not stemmed in time, will Pradesh and Hyderabad States.” completely ruin a large section of the peasantry and small traders The House then adjourned till a and eventually seriously aflect the Quarter to Eleven of the Clock on whole economy of the country.” Wednesday, the 21st May^ 1952.