The Study of the Concepts of Personality Traits, Values, Skills and Perception of Dr

Home , Amrit Kaur, Gursharan Kaur, Lalit Narayan Mishra

The Indian Writer’ s e – Journal Vol – 1, Issue – 1, Dec – 2015 ISSN :- 2455 – 3077

“THE STUDY OF THE CONCEPTS OF PERSONALITY TRAITS, VALUES, SKILLS AND PERCEPTION OF DR. MANMOHANSINGH ”

JIGNESH N. VIDANI

(Assistant Professor- Management) Rai University, Saroda, Ahmedabad, Gujarat Cell Details:- +91-9723223256 [email protected]

ABSTRACT

In psychology, trait theory (also called dispositional theory) is an approach to the study of human personality. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits, which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion. According to this perspective, traits are relatively stable over time, differ across individuals (e.g. some people are outgoing whereas others are shy), and influence behavior. Traits are in contrast to states which are more transitory dispositions.

In some theories and systems, traits are something a person either has or does not have, but in many others traits are dimensions such as extraversion vs. introversion, with each person rating somewhere along this spectrum

KEY WORDS: Psychology, Personality, Traits, behavior, Spectrum

EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION

Manmohan Singh was born to Gurmukh Singh and Amrit Kaur on 26 September 1932, in Gah, Punjab, (now in Chakwal District, Pakistan), British India, into a Sikh Khatri family. He lost his mother when he was very young and was raised by his paternal grandmother, to whom he was very close.

After the Partition of India, his family migrated to Amritsar, India, where he studied at Hindu College. He attended Punjab University, Chandigarh, then in Hoshiarpur, Punjab, studying Economics and got his bachelor's and master's degrees in 1952 and 1954, respectively, standing first throughout his academic career. He went on to read for the Economics Tripos at Cambridge as a member of St John's College. He won the Wright's Prize for distinguished performance in 1955 and 1957. He was also one of the few recipients of the Wrenbury scholarship. In 1962, Singh completed his studies from the University of Oxford where he was a member of Nuffield College. The title of his doctoral thesis was "India’s export performance, 1951–1960, export prospects and policy implications" and his thesis supervisor was Dr. I.M.D. Little. This thesis later grew into the book "India’s Export Trends and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth".

In 1997, the University of Alberta awarded him an Honorary Doctor of Law degree. The University of Oxford awarded him an honorary Doctor of Civil Law degree in July 2005, and in October 2006, the University of Cambridge followed with the same honour. St. John's College further honored him by naming a PhD Scholarship after him, the Dr. Manmohan Singh Scholarship. In 2008, he was awarded honorary Doctor of Letters degree by

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Benaras Hindu University and later that year he was awarded an honorary doctorate degree by University of Madras. In 2010, he was awarded honorary doctorate degree by King Saud University.

After completing his Ph.D., Singh worked for the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) from 1966–1969. During the 1970s, he taught at the University of Delhi and worked for the Ministry of Foreign Trade with the former Cabinet Minister for Foreign Trade, Lalit Narayan Mishra. As the Minister of Foreign Trade, Lalit Narayan Mishra was one of the first to recognize Singh's talent as an economist and appointed him his advisor at the Ministry of Foreign Trade. Singh and Mishra first met, coincidentally, on a flight from India to Chile. Mishra was on his way to Santiago, Chile to attend an UNCTAD meeting.

In 1982, he was appointed the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India and held the post until 1985. He went on to become the deputy chairman of the Planning Commission of India from 1985 to 1987. Following his tenure at the Planning Commission, he was Secretary General of the South Commission, an independent economic policy think tank headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland from 1987 to 1990.

EARLY POLITICAL CAREER

Finance Minister of India

In 1991, India's Prime Minister at the time, P.V. Narasimha Rao, chose Singh to be his Finance Minister. At this time, India's fiscal deficit was close to 8.5 per cent of the gross domestic product, the balance of payments deficit was huge and the current account deficit was close to 3.5 percent of India's GDP. India's foreign reserves barely amounted to USD$1 billion, enough to pay for a few weeks of imports, in comparison to USD$283 billion today.

Evidently, India was facing an economic crisis. At this point, the government of India sought relief from the supranational International Monetary Fund, which, while assisting India financially, imposed several conditions regarding India's economic policy. In effect, IMF-dictated policy meant that the ubiquitous Licence Raj had to be dismantled, and India's attempt at a state-controlled economy had to end. Accordingly, Singh, who had thus far been one of the most influential architects of India's socialist economy, slowly opened the Indian economy to foreign investment and business competition.

Rao and Singh thus implemented policies to open up the economy and change India's socialist economy to a more capitalistic one, in the process dismantling the Licence Raj, a system that inhibited the prosperity of private businesses. They removed many obstacles standing in the way of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and initiated the process of the privatization of public sector companies. However, in spite of these reforms, Rao's government was voted out in 1996 due to non-performance of government in other areas. In praise of Singh's work that pushed India towards a market economy, long-time Cabinet minister P. Chidambaram has referred to Singh as the Deng Xiaoping of India.

In 1993, Singh offered his resignation from the post of Finance Minister after a parliamentary investigation report criticized his ministry for not being able to

anticipate a USD$1.8 billion securities scandal. Prime Minister Rao refused Singh's resignation, instead promising to punish the individuals directly accused in the report.

Career in the Rajya Sabha

Singh was first elected to the upper house of Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, in 1991 from the state of Assam, and was re-elected in 2001 and 2007. From 1998 to 2004, while the Bharatiya Janata Party was in power, Singh was the Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha. In 1999, he contested for the Lok Sabha from South Delhi but was unable to win the seat.

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PRIME MINISTERSHIP

(Image of a renowned economist, Singh is also regarded as one of the "greatest statesmen in Asian history". Shown here with Indian delegation at the 33rd G8 summit in Heiligendamm.)

14th Lok Sabha

After the 2004 general elections , the Indian National Congress stunned the incumbent National Democratic Alliance (NDA) by becoming the political party with the s ingle largest number of seats in the Lok Sabha . In a surprise move, United Progressive Alliance (UPA) Chairperson Sonia Gandhi declared Manmohan Singh, a technocrat , as the UPA candidate for the Prime Ministership. Despite the fact that Singh had never won a Lok Sabha seat, he "has enjoyed massive popular support, not least because he was seen by many as a clean politician untouched by the taint of corruption that has run through many Indian admi nistrations." He took the oath as the Prime Minister of India on 22 May 2004.

Economic policy

Following the advice of International Monetary Fund in 19 91, Singh as Finance Minister, freed India from the Licence Raj, source of slow economic growth and corruption in the Indian economy for decades. He liberalized the Indian economy, allowing it to speed up development dramatically. During his term as Prime Minister, Singh continued to encourage growth in the Indian market, enjoying widespread success in these matters. Singh, along with the former Finance Minister, P. Chidambaram , h ave presided over a period where the Indian economy has grown with an 8–9% economic growth rate. In 2007, India achieved its highest GDP growth rate of 9% and became the second fastest growing major economy in the world.

Singh is now a strong supporter of globalization , seeing India's immense labor capacity as a path to delivering Indian goods in a worldwide market and eventually relieving large -scale poverty.

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Singh's government has continued the Golden Quadrilateral and the highway modernization program that was initiated by Vajpayee's government. Singh has also been working on reforming the banking and financial sectors, as well as public sector companies. The Finance ministry has been working towards relieving farmers of their debt and has been working towards pro-industry policies. In 2005, Singh's government introduced the value added tax, replacing sales tax. In 2007 and early 2008, the global problem of inflation impacted India.

Healthcare and education

In 2005, Prime Minister Singh and his government's health ministry started the National Rural Health Mission, which has mobilized half a million community health workers. This rural health initiative was praised by the American economist Jeffrey Sachs. In 2006, his Government implemented the proposal to reserve 27% of seats in All India Institute of Medical Studies (AIIMS), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) and other central institutions of higher education for Other Backward Classes which led to 2006 Indian anti-reservation protests.

Singh has announced that eight more Indian Institutes of Technology will be opened in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Orissa, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh. The Singh government has also continued the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan programme, begun by his predecessor, Mr. Vajpayee. The programme has included the introduction and improvement of mid-day meals and the opening of schools all over India, especially in rural areas, to fight illiteracy.

Security and Home Affairs

His government has been instrumental in strengthening anti-terror laws with amendments to Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), where most of provisions of POTA were reincorporated; critics however cite that the amendments make the act equally draconian. National Investigation Agency (India) (NIA) was also created soon after the Nov 2008 Mumbai terror attacks as need for a central agency to combat terrorism was realized. Also Unique Identification Authority of India was established in February 2009, an agency responsible for implementing the envisioned Multipurpose National Identity Card with the objective of increasing national security and facilitating e-governance. His government has been criticized by some human rights organizations, that these measures could help establish a police state.

His government has also been criticized for not being able to reduce the Naxal terrorism that is menacing rural areas in Eastern and Central India. Singh's government has, however, extended the ban on the radical Islamic terror group Student's Islamic Movement of India (SIMI).

Singh's administration initiated a massive reconstruction effort in Kashmir to stabilize the region but after some period of success, insurgent infiltration and terrorism in Kashmir has increased since 2009. However, the Singh administration has been successful in reducing terrorism in Northeast India.

Legislation

The important National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and the Right to Information Act were passed by the Parliament in 2005 during his tenure. While the effectiveness of the NREGA has been successful at various degrees, in various regions, the RTI act has proved crucial in India's fight against corruption.

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Foreign policy

(Image of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing)

Manmohan Singh has continued the pragmatic foreign policy that was started by P.V. Narasimha Rao and continued by Bharatiya Janata Party's Atal Bihari Vajpayee . Singh has continued the peace process with Pakistan initiated by his predecessor, Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Exchange of high -level visits by top leaders from both countries have highlighted his tenure, as has reduced terrorism and increased

prosperity in the state of Kashmir . Efforts have been made during Singh's tenure to end the border dispute with People's Republic of China . In November 2006, Chinese President Hu Jintao visited India which was followed by Singh's visit to Beijing in January 2008. A major development in Sino-Indian relations was the reopening of the Nathula Pass in 2006 after being closed for more than four decades. As of 2010, the People's Republic of China is the second biggest trade partner of India.

Relations with Afghanistan have also improved considerably, with India now becoming the largest regional donor to Afghanistan. During Afghan President Hamid Karzai 's visit to New Delhi in August 2008, Manmohan Singh increased the aid package to Afghanistan for the development of more schools, health clinics, infrastructure, and defense . Under the leadership of Singh, India has emerged as one of the single largest aid donors to Afghanistan .

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(Image of Manmohan Singh with American President Barack Obama at the White House . Singh is known to be a pro US leader and has contributed a lot in cementing the ties between the two countries)

Singh's government has worked towards stronger ties with the United States. He v isited the United States in July 2005 initiating negotiations over the Indo -US civilian nuclear agreement . This was followed by George W. Bush's successful visit to India in March 2006, during which the declaration over the nuclear agreement was made, giving India access to American nuclear fuel and technology whil e India will have to allow IAEA inspection of its civil nuclear reactors. After more than two years for more negotiati ons, followed by approval from the IAEA, Nuclear Suppliers Group and the US Congress , India and the U.S. signed the agreement on 10 October 2008 with Pranab Mukherjee representing India.

Singh had the first official state visit to the White House during the a dministration of U.S. President Barack Obama. The visit took place in November 2009, and several discussions took place, including on trade and nuclear power.

Relations have improved with Japan and European Union countries, like the United Kingdom , France, and Germany. Relations with Iran have continued and negotiations over the Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline have taken place. New Delhi hosted an India–Africa Summit in April 2006 which was attended by the leaders of 15 African states. Relations have improved with other developing countries, particularly Brazil and South Africa. Singh carried forward the momentum which was established after the "Brasilia Declaration" in 2003 and the IBSA Dialogue Forum was formed.

Manmohan Singh's government has also been especially keen on expanding ties with Israel . Since 2003, the two countries have made significant investments in each other and Israel now rivals Russia to become India's defense partner. Though there have been a few diplomatic glitches between India and Russia, especially over the delay and price hike of several Russian weapons to be delivered to India, relations between the two remain strong with India and Russia signing various agreements to increase defense , nuclear energy and space cooperation.

15th Lok Sabha

India held general elections to the 15th Lok Sabha in five phases between 16 April 2009 and 13 May 2009. The results of the election were announced on 16 May 2009. Strong showing in Andhra Pradesh , Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh helped the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) form the new government under the incumbent Singh, who became the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962 to win re-election after completing a full five -year term. The Congr ess and its allies were able to put together a comfortable majority with support from 322 members out of 543 members of the House. These included those of the UPA and the external support from the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Samajwadi Party (SP), Janata Dal (Secular) (JD(S)), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) and other minor parties. On 22 May 2009, Manmohan Singh was sworn in as the Prime Minister during a ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhavan. The 2009 Indian general election was the largest democratic election in the world held to date, with an eli gible electorate of 714 million

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PUBLIC IMAGE

Singh has always been perceived as a man of clean background. He is seen as a man of few words. The Independent described him as "one of the world's most revered leaders" and "a man of uncommon decency and grace," noting that he drives a Maruti 800 , one of the humblest cars in the Indian market. Eminent Khushwant Singh lauded Dr. Singh as the best Prime Minister India has had, even rating him higher than Jawaharlal Nehru . He mentions an incident in his book Absolute Khushwant: The Low -Down on Life, Death and Most things In -between where after losin g the 1999 Lok Sabha elections, Singh immediately returned the 2 laky (US$ 4,500) he had borrowed from the writer for hiring taxis. Terming him as the best example of integrity, Mr. Khushwant Singh stated, "When people talk of integrity, I say the best example is the man who occupies the country's highest office."

His personal assets amount to ` five crore (approx 1 million USD).

However his public image was tarnished following a series of scams like 2G spectrum scam, CWG Scam .

FAMILY AND PERSONAL LIFE

Singh married Gursharan Kaur in 1958. Their three daughters, Upinder Singh, Daman Singh and Amrit Singh, have successful, private-sector, careers.

Upinder Singh is a professor of history at Delhi University . She has written six books, including Ancient Delhi (1999) and A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India (2008). Daman Singh is a graduate of St. Stephen's College, Delhi and Institute of Rural Management , Anand, Gujarat, and author of The Last Frontier: People and Forests in Mizoram and a novel Nine by Nine . Amrit Singh is a staff attorney at the American Civil Liberties Union .

Singh has undergone multiple cardiac bypass surgeries , the most recent of which took place in January 2009. Singh and his wife both belong to the Kohli clan, though neither uses the name as their surname.

DEGREES AND POSTS HELD

• BA (Hons) in Economics 1952; MA First Class in Economics, 1954 Punjab University, Chandigarh {Was then in Hoshiarpur, Punjab }, India • Honours degree in Economics, University of Cambridge – (St John's College; 1957) o Senior Lecturer, Economics (1957 –1959) o Reader (1959–1963) o Professor (1963–1965) o Professor of International Trade (1969 –1971) • DPhil in Economics, University of Oxford – (Nuffield College; 1962) • Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi o Honorary Professor (1966) • Chief, Financing for Trade Section, UNCTAD, United Nations Secretariat, Manhattan, New York o 1966 : Economic Affairs Officer 1966 • Economic Advisor, Ministry of Foreign Trade, India (1971 –1972) • Chief Economic Advisor, Ministry of Finance, India, (1972 –1976) • Honorary Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi (1976) • Director, Reserve Bank of India (1976–1980) • Director, Industrial Development Bank of India (1976–1980) • Secretary, Ministry of Finance (Department of Economic Affairs), Government of India , (1977–1980) • Governor, Reserve Bank of India (1982 –1985) • Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission of India, (1985 –1987) • Secretary General, South Commission, Geneva (1987 –1990) • Advisor to Prime Minister of India on Economic Affairs (1990–1991) • Chairman, University Grants Commission (15 March 1991 – 20 June 1991) [65]

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• Finance Minister of India, (21 June 1991 – 15 May 1996) • Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha (1998–2004) • Prime Minister of India (22 May 2004 – Present)

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Year of Award Name of Award Awarding Organization Appeal of Conscience 2010 World Statesman Award Foundation

2005 Top 100 Influential People in the World Time

2002 Outstanding Parliamentarian Award Indian Parliamentary Group 2000 Annasaheb Chirmule Award Annasaheb Chirmule Trust H.H. Kanchi Sri Paramacharya Award for Shri R. Venkataraman, The 1999 Excellence Centenarian Trust Fellow of the National Academy of Agricultural National Academy of 1999 Sciences, New Delhi Agricultural Sciences 1997 Lokmanya Tilak Award Tilak Smarak Trust, Pune Justice K.S. Hegde 1997 Justice K.S. Hegde Foundation Award Foundation 1997 Nikkei Asia prize for Regional Growth Nihon Keizai Shimbun Inc. Delhi School of Economics, 1996 Honorary Professorship University of Delhi, Delhi Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award (1994– Indian Science Congress 1995 95) Association

1994 Finance Minister of the Year Asia money Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award (1994– Indian Science Congress 1994 95) Association London School of Elected Distinguished Fellow of the London Economics, Centre for Asia 1994 School of Economics Economy, Politics and Society Nuffield College, University 1994 Elected Honorary Fellow, Nuffield College of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. London School of Elected Distinguished Fellow of the London Economics, Centre for Asia 1994 School of Economics Economy, Politics and Society Elected Honorary Fellow of the All India All India Management 1994 Management Association Association

1993 Finance Minister of the Year Euromoney 1993 Finance Minister of the Year Asiamoney

1987 Padma Vibhushan President of India Elected National Fellow, National Institute of National Institute of 1986 Education Education Elected President of the Indian Economic Indian Economic 1985 Association Association 1982 Elected Honorary Fellow, St. John’s College St. John’s College,

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Cambridge Elected Honorary Fellow, Indian Institute of 1982 Indian Institute of Bankers Bankers Jawaharlal Nehru 1976 Honorary Professorship University, New Delhi University of Cambridge, 1957 Elected Wrenbury Scholar U.K. University of Cambridge, 1956 Adam Smith Prize U.K. St. John’s College, 1955 Wright Prize for Distinguished Performance Cambridge, U.K. Panjab University, Uttar Chand Kapur Medal, for standing first in 1954 Chandigarh{Was then in M.A. (Economics) Hoshiarpur, Punjab} University Medal for standing first in B.A. Panjab University, 1952 (Honors Economics) Chandigarh

PERSONALITY TRAITS OF DR. MANMOHAN SINGH

1. Extraversion

Dr. Manmohan singh is always ready to help others as a prime minister as well as a human being. As we have seen he reaches at the earliest to any of the bomb blast and terror attack site. He also talks with the injured ones, Died person’s family members, not only that but also declares some compensatory allowances to their families.

2. Agreeableness

Dr. Manmohan Singh is of a cooperative, trust worthy and a good natured person. As we have seen he is too cooperative with the state governments to raise India at the peak position. This is done by solving interstate and intrastate problems. Seeing his trustworthiness Mrs. Sonia Gandhi betrayed her position as Prime Minister to Dr. Manmohan Singh. Ascertaining his trustworthiness public of India gave him second chance to opt the Prime minister’s post.

3. Emotional Stability

Dr. Manmohan singh is of a calm, secure and self confident personality. We have never seen him pressuring our cabinet ministers or state ministers to arrogantly follow his thinking. In this great tension era of depression maintaining India’s growth to this extent is next to impossible, it is nothing the fruits of our Prime Minister’s self confidence. His self confidence is so high that in one of the speech he said that in this depression period India will achieve a double digit growth rate. Moreover, India will be least affected by this depression period.

4. Openness to experience

As far decision making is concerned our Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan singh thinks both positive and negative effects of the decision to be taken. He studies core sensitive areas of the decision and is always keen to know the reasons of the negative as well as positive impact on the society as a whole.

5. Narcissism

Dr. Manmohan singh has a little bit of looking himself as a person of many talents. So he has personally visited all the final tournaments held at Common Wealth Games and also visited the India’s world Cup Semi final as well as final Match. By this he wants to show that he has the talent of playing games though his main filed is economics.

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6. Risk Taking

A huge risk taken by Dr. Manmohan Singh in the year 1991 by introducing LPG policy in India, he kept country’s economy open for the world. But he knew he was that much able to handle the situation and India’s economy was ready for the same.

Also by showing a friendly behavior to the neighboring as well as other countries, he has taken a huge risk of getting cheated on the name of friendship. But he knows his inner spirit will show some negative signs him when ever someone will try to cheat him. So he is a risk taking person.

7. Proactive

As we all know he has introduced LPG policy in India because he found great opportunities at that time for India’s development and preserved it until it showed the fruits.

He found out good developing opportunities and grabbed the same and sustained it till they revealed fruits of efforts done. Some of them are as under:

• Nuclear power deal with America • Weapons trading deal with Russia • Export of some Indian goods • Imports of some foreign goods etc…

So he really has a good proactive personality in that sense.

8. Other Personality traits • Innovative • Flexible behavior • Positive attitude • Well skilled • Well knowledge and many more…..

VALUES OWN BY DR. MANMOHAN SINGH

1. Self Respect

Dr. Manmohan singh, a person of Self respect. He has such impregnable self respect for which he was ready to leave his prime ministership proving he was impartial in the scam of Common wealth games 2010. Also he was ready to bring youth to that place by passing on his seat to Mr. Rahul Gandhi.

This purely reveals that he had a rock type or hardly flexible self respect.

2. Honest

Dr. Manmohan Singh was stated as guilty in many scam but all have failed to prove that and each time he got a clean cheat from the court. That means he is honest in all his dealings. He is never been indulge in any unfair dealings.

Likewise, he also maintains that much honesty at the international level too whether the country is small or large no dishonesty is allowed.

3. Responsible

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Dr. Manmohan singh finds himself to be responsible for his post of Prime minister. So he has made an every attempt to control the inflation rate in India at present.

Being the finance minister of India he also found a good deal to introduce the LPG policy at the proper time in the Indian economy so that India can gain much higher economic growth rate. This role is been performed by him in the year 1991 as well as in the current era.

4. Capable

Dr. Manmohan Singh has introduced LPG policy in 1991 and was also proved good for the market at that time for the economy and also for the growth of the nation, for which he was awarded as the finance minister of the year award and their comes to see our point of capability. He proved that he was capable of bringing change in the growth rate of India i.e. he had the capability value in it.

5. Ambitious

Dr. Manmohan singh has found be ever ambitious about all the things whether it a Finance sector, Economic sector or any other sector which would have a link with the development of the India. He is so ambitious about his work at present that he holds meetings with his cabinet member, state governments and other economist for bringing out India from the clutches of Inflation, Poverty, and Unemployment etc…

He is much ambitious to find the solutions regarding world’s economic problems and India’s economic problems too though conducting meeting with various country’s Prime Ministers and Presidents. Recently when Mr. Barack Obama came with his problem he was seen to be much more ambitious in solving his country’s problem though better relationship with India.

6. Equality

Dr. Manmohan singh truly believes in Dr. Radhakrishnan’s thoughts that we are the members of the same family and the children of the same mother i.e. mother earth. He thinks we all are equal in all sense and so whenever there occurs any uncertain events like Tsunami, Earth quake, flood, tornados or volcanic eruption he expresses a deep sorrow to the people of that country and provides them what ever he can do for their well being.

Talking of India he has been now and than expressing sorrow for the uncertain events like terror attacks and many more and has announced some relief compensation and other facilities to the people affected by that event.

So this shows that he treats all of them as equal and believes that man’s power is nothing in front of the nature’s power.

7. Helpful

Taking of recent era when Mr. Barak Obama came up with his problem regarding increasing unemployment level at America our Prime Minister immediately offered his helping hand and helped him to the greatest extent to solve his problem. In one of the speech Mr. Barak Obama said that Dr. Manmohan Singh has been found more helpful to each and every nation of the world and to us too for which India is a lucky country. Dr. Manmohan Singh also suggested some good changes to be made in the working pattern so that fruits can be attained faster and easier.

This shows our Prime Minister’s helping nature. He is helpful to all rich or poor, educated or uneducated and developed or under developed.

8. Courageous

In today’s era of high fluctuating growth rate, inflation rate, stock market working it is difficult to sustain the post on which one is appointed and in this era it is too difficult. But this courageous job of sustaining his post as Prime Minister of the country is done for last one decade. From last 1 year it has been more difficult to sustain as the number of scams in the country has increased in the major sectors. It has been more courageous job than ever.

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9. A world of Peace

Dr. Manmohan Singh truly believes in Peaceful relationships. For maintaining this he frequently visits neighboring countries for making the relations more peaceful and strong. He has organized an event on 15 th august to return the Pakistanis who were caught on the border and were found unguilty to their family members were in Pakistan did the same.

This shows that he believes in peace not in war.

10. Others • Faith on religion • Non-Violence • Guts • Faithful to nation • Ethical Behavior etc…

DR. MANMOHAN SINGH AND LEADERSHIP

Talking of leadership skill he has an immense power of leadership in him. He thoroughly introduced LPG Policy and guided the entire India towards the path of Economic development, growth in the country and higher competitive market for consumer’s betterment. He also gave a good stage to the private sector but seeing that they don’t create monopoly in the market which would avoid consumer getting betrayed.

In current past he provided a good stage for America to trade in a better manner with India for the development of the two countries to its greatest extent. Now he would just lead India on the path of strong economic development by more and more interaction with the countries of the world.

In the past few years back he leaded an event on 15th of August to leave the Pakistani refugees who were innocent in their behavior in the response to which Pakistan also handed those Indian refugees who were innocently found on the Pakistani borders.

In the common wealth games in the last 6 months when nothing was going on properly he took up the leadership to form the committee who would give updated information regarding the completion of work every 2 days and if they were unable to finish the two days target set proper actions were taken to finish the entire work as soon as possible. So this way he also leaded the work of common wealth games city plan.

During the event there are no errors committed on the path of supervisor for the sake of money he personally attended the final match of all the games at Common wealth games which shows that on the path of leadership he sees that his followers are not been misguided on their mental perception.

There are many such events in the life of Dr. Manmohan Singh which would reflect his leadership skills and monitoring skills too.

DR. MANMOHAN SINGH’S SELF SERVING BIAS PERCEPTION

Dr. Manmohansingh has a self serving bias perception as at each time during the price rise in petroleum products he said that all the internal things are being regulated and it’s the effect of the European depression seen on the price rise of the petroleum products.

Speaking on the rise in inflation he always has said that the department of government has made all its efforts to bring down the inflation rate but it is the population’s purchasing power which has increased at the current era.

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So this shows that he tries to attribute the successes of the steps taken by his cabinet ministry and entirely blame the external environment of the country for the failure to reduce the inflation and petroleum prices.

CONCLUSION

A consideration of the more conclusive studies suggests five basic requirements in procedures for investigating personality: (1), the recognition of " trait " as the unit of personality, (2) the admission of a probable hierarchy of traits, certainly of unit tendencies higher than the level of specific habits, (3) an approach to the problem of the limits of generalization in the most comprehensive traits, (4) the admission of both a major synthesis in personality as well as minor syntheses and dissociated acts, (5) the tentative admission of subjective values as the core of such syntheses, but the exclusion of objective evaluation (character judgments) from purely psychological method

Human personality is a complex area of study. Not only is human nature complex, but also each individual has a unique combination of inherent abilities and preferences and learned responses. Beyond that, any researchers of personality also have certain personalities, which requires them to "bare their soul" in order to understand themselves and others.

Perhaps no single theory will ever account for all the complexities of human personality. All five theories may be integrated by recognizing that personality is multi-dimensional. There is a public personality of our basic traits which are addressed by the biological (genetic), learning and cultural theories; and there is a private personality that reflects the inner sense of self, emotions, dreams and memories, that is addressed by the humanist and psychodynamic theories.

The Indian Writer’ s e – Journal Vol – 1, Issue – 1, Dec – 2015 ISSN :- 2455 – 3077

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