THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA University Libraries
Neutral Hydrogen in the Ringed Barred Galaxies NGC 1433 and NGC 6300
Ronald J. Buta – University of Alabama et al.
Deposited 06/11/2019
Citation of published version:
Ryder, S., et al. (1996): Neutral Hydrogen in the Ringed Barred Galaxies NGC 1433 and NGC 6300. The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 460. DOI: 10.1086/177000
© 1996. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
1996ApJ...460..665R THE © Vaucouleurs prise strated distribution material, to s- ences in the Array, Sydney 1996. The 2 1 3 1 the shocks, ASTROPHYSICAL Current Based Also bar in The which about therein). 2052, mass the barred American that at NEUTRAL plays NGC extend The is inner matic with hydrogen. nance NGC and derive internal Ringed the having broader pseudoring NGC NGC is than Although Subject we on effects Instituto bar We By closer address: is strong Australia. significant © postulate observations distribution can even explosion. operated two-thirds its L Astronomical 1963). NGC is American (SB) distinct way region), ring 6300 1433 warp 4 1433, have School 6300 Furthermore, theory a beyond a JOURNAL, NGC outer Galaxies). headings: generate Australia which and to and de to bar a School similar (Sellwood it We and of Astronomia-UNAM, is mild by Department the of Hydrodynamical 6300. 1. with nor made 33° may as originates and of HYDROGEN slightly L STUART Society. instead pattern pseudoring CSIRO rather 1433. for contrast, and noncircular H 26 made Physics, INTRODUCTION 5 use By should weakly well 460: of the ring. of Telescope and than the oval regions spiral we I morphological the ± be Physics, The galaxies: the galaxies: All secular Strong observations Astronomical counterparts the associating the 665-685, with bar 5 Australia as rights nuclear & its the place the By more Australia University larger that distortion of D. km to speed origin be disk noncircular Tully-Fisher barred structure in Wilkinson a CSIRO, the Physics principal NGC region reserved. National case University again interaction 20°, RYDER,2 at short with s- radio especially redistribution the NGC motions Australia 1996 an elongated individual spiral galaxy in Telescope corotation, for 1 IN ring Mexico. of models meaning that Printed and of kpc- upper 6300 P.O. (SAB) type April diameter the the linking of Telescope tail, [email protected], Facility, these New continuum of in NGC to THE in type. 6300 resonances Astronomy, predicted of - RONALD NGC in the Box Received 1993, Telescope outer the the inner motions the 1 its Society 1 (up population New U.S.A. 2 possesses South relation National . even between pronounced limit galaxies: systems have rings. 76, than (NGC ring Seyfert is There 6300 nuclear RINGED stellar CSIRO, that an gas, H to South of as 6300. than and merely Epping, Lindblad LISTER Wales, ring though 1995 I Compact inner on the J. 100 demon in University leading Compact well emission in by the its Facility. inferred NGC of WILFRED in to is 1433, BUTA, a Wales, refer com • mass P.O. NGC the the July nucleus, a structure of disk the Barely ABSTRACT ring, Sydney outer the bar 27 km NSW a (de the argue average Provided a as ring much STAVELEY-SMITH if NGC gas Box BARRED there 13; optical 1.38 less ± southern AND resonance, NGC 1433 resonance the 665 HECTOR of 6300 2121, Array inner 8 accepted from is 2052, pseudoring feature 76, ring Alabama, 10% that WALSH well GHz km more with [email protected] localized bar are - Epping, 1433 disk like to barred (ILR), outer orbits are mean frequency). Q can, orbital al. Lindblad nances nances (based is Australia; 6300) is feature. Australia; Optical ring, - underlying the optical the (A the radio s 1982; developed of by no not 1995 itself, ringed - structures, flux TOLEDO, the can almost in K/2, GALAXIES to extended TCA), with 1 ring Box we the bar in NSW inner mean rings angular prototypical the - nearby resonances galaxies principle, kpc- and, occur on outer October the related to the [email protected] rest lead of Kormendy 1982; is lines: Q 870324, are The and depend are resonance 1.38 galaxies: emission-line theory observations the 2121, barred If results intrinsically NASA the - the inner the resonance second in 1 3 inclination certainly Australia and these able coming , to pseudoring, the where K/4, example relatively 3 AND outer candidates H GHz galaxies inner conjunction but whose nucleus to Australia;[email protected] Type Tuscaloosa, have frequency, maih distinctive tell on I second can inner NGC and a in to pseudorings spiral from identifications HEMANT in disk kinematics harmonic Astrophysics ringed resonance H the the radio the Telescope (OLR), us strongly second infer II from goal shapes be this Q regions of I manifestations and pseudoring, the almost spectra to characteristics devoid of disk; SN the than bar envelope + 1433 galaxies identified AL harmonic a Buta for and a continuum case, concentrations the date being K/2, barred and with a locations resonance the SHUKLA 35487-0324; bar 1985P Catalog pattern harmonic respectively National and the resonance suggested disklike a (Schwarz NGC AND and with plumelike disk circular, 1984, respectively ends of do recent occasionally of " the neither pattern inner are to orientations NGC has spiral neutral the is dynamics in a not Data resonance, of the but test disk Facility, 1433, speed, correct, of NGC 1986a, of decade of the NGC emission ring a component NGC of Lindblad interaction of nuclear, resonance, 1981). the appear the bar (2HR that it the 1433 while speed 20° Southern the the kinematics, (Athanassoula and features. 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FOR 0 Despite 1.52 We typically Both the 1995). not - by /L 9 significance not analysis H of distance. inner its 1 distribution to 1 M 1.5C NGC 0 The NOC in kpc) constant resonance with have form the 0 the spiral, configurations of I associate alignment be galaxies shows Table into the to to curve observations, GALAXY the rotation ring by also extreme spanned of aligned 1433 to with for 1979, emission NASA already 1433, map new carry an ATCA used in 0.375, 512 these rings observations There the NGC parameters 1. 25" is study ~ evidence being classed being AND value § outer within of were hypothesis 3, exceptionally bar-driven 1982). quantities (2.6 12 each 2. the of 0.18 channels having the x 0.75A, V-band out 0.15 parallel parallel alignments curve, intrinsically 1.0 NOC and rings. were observations 23" mentioned. 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AL. - by by represent represent Sab Sab have have 42 42 complex complex in in severe severe a a chaotic chaotic velocity velocity the the is. is. in in to to H H there there left left of of a a bar. bar. by by larg~ larg~ 00 03 03 00 contours contours Figure Figure galaxies galaxies is is circular circular (J2000) (J2000) these these of of been been lack lack trace trace that that The The I I there there the the corner. corner. major major there there NASA NASA (projected) (projected) shown shown from from velocity velocity the the the the is is distortions distortions Further Further bar bar uncertainty of of in in areas plenty plenty " the the the the gradient gradient forced forced the the disk, disk, nonuniform nonuniform the the The The 7 spider" spider" circular circular gas gas and and . . and and this this axis axis (Warmels (Warmels rotation rotation close close superimposed superimposed Owing Owing projected projected velocity velocity motions motions Astrophysics Astrophysics cro . . correction correction field 3.1.2. 3.1.2. column column and and between between Even Even of of then then its its 41 41 s out out important important to to (roughly (roughly s s up up gas gas the the marks along along , , associated associated pattern pattern between between motion. motion. along along 45 45 . . HI HI as as mask mask so, so, densities densities to to along along begins begins when when In In is is along along field field makes makes gas gas determined determined 1986) 1986) Kinematics Kinematics the the rotational rotational we we the the still still regions regions the the for for the the perpendicular perpendicular position position out out distribution distribution on on inner inner can can they they characteristic characteristic in in transition transition There There the the the the the the low low of of to to evident deprojection deprojection resonances central central despite despite the the Data Data the the 1.4, 1.9, 1.9, 1.4, southern southern this this many many still still drop inner inner kinematic kinematic major major reach reach gas gas and and of of of of velocity velocity gas gas is is velocity velocity from from the the get get particular particular , , high high . . 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RINGED the elliptical The 10 bar of on curve 300 33 ROTCUR B-band intensity B-band a __ a at • H s ° motions, B-band measured and top Provided RIGHT I surface rings _.__, from 05 opti- right BARRED image ASCENSION of has 00 by eters for statistics sively satisfactory systemic (Buta constant and adopted of tures values tend to the be sic organized or of Figure B86 kpc tling NGC been GALAXIES By varying the NGC discussed exclude so. axial the gas 41 arrived optical at to are in 1433 assuming this displayed large 1995, Figure for NASA 55 deficiencies kinematical 4 strongly a result (J2000) ratio the 1433 inclination . allowed from (1.1 velocity, The matter, distance inclination the into velocity deprojected fit interferometric at hereafter numbers in§ 4 on contour to the of M disk an in to Astrophysics the the is these a 50 0 4 barred 0 convergence . inclination . to logar not the owing 82 1, pc outer along and inclination Catalog of parameters points for plane he vary levels ± - and arrived velocity immediately CSRG) i same thmic 2 11.6 the conceded ) 0.07. galaxies rotation disk isophotes 45 the spans to are freely. position of within gas study scale, MpJ::), the rings of the major the For of tilt at indicate field (and orbits toward Data (dynamical Southern i roughly same have, by velocities) The in sky way = that this . and of 40 ± angle. are order helpful The yielding 33 axis is B86 correspondingly 25 could as NGC at only reason, ° the System the on to intrinsically . ° position for that unreasonably , all to On in lowest as of 7'.5 assume average, As actual gas Ringed Fig make radii. in way if be his well 1433. center the the outer starting an x . all regard and 4 as is 6'.3 photometric both other but minor to as contour the axial inclination angle), low so a However, an others position Galaxies ring (25 obtain the circular, have priori the param clearly intrin to values exces as hand, small ratio need x axis, outer been 671 fea set- 20 we 21 to in a a ° , 1996ApJ...460..665R is is dynamical dynamical mean mean RC3). 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B86. all all a a in in at at We We kinematic kinematic Vaucouleurs Vaucouleurs systemic systemic with with (Table (Table around around 1433 1433 10 10 12 12 14 14 16 16 18 18 ROTCUR ROTCUR the the the the within within results results ( ( contours contours 03 03 ocdyn(J2000) ocdyn(J2000) the the overlain overlain ± ± Society Society Astronomical that that of of find find by by fixed fixed 5"). 5"). with with previous previous other other 42 42 the the Vhet Vhet as as halves, halves, the the is is separate separate inclination inclination determined determined the the less less the the 2). 2). dynamical dynamical annuli annuli a a a a Within Within 30 30 compare compare offset offset velocities velocities along along on on = = major major as as 1040 1040 edge edge whole whole position position systemic systemic the the parameters, parameters, The The most most 1079 1079 the the analysis analysis than than above, above, et et as as = = the the of of section, section, isophote isophote HI HI of of rotation rotation 03h42m1~5 03h42m1~5 to to al. al. well well the the axis axis the the is is center, center, dynamical dynamical kinematic kinematic ± ± plausible plausible one one increasing increasing is is column column by by of of the the quite quite (1991, (1991, measured measured disk disk and and 2 2 velocity velocity error error of of as as position position does does held held order order 886 886 km km as as for for synthesized synthesized and and the the east east the the finding finding if if curves curves determined determined axis axis favorably favorably density density major major bars, bars, hereafter hereafter s s they they from from produce produce fixed fixed the the around around 15 15 inclina- (± (± - 33 central central optical optical RIGHT RIGHT of of center center Vhet Vhet RYDER RYDER 1 1 semi- angle angle ° from from ratio ratio • • 10"), 10"), disk disk axis axis . . and and this this the the are are the the map map for for his his By By Provided Provided = = at at the the correspond correspond from from ASCENSION ASCENSION ofNGC ofNGC vacant vacant the the ET ET full-disk full-disk (174"; (174"; adding adding sensitivity sensitivity tunately, tunately, not not ing ing even even would would and and but but velocity velocity s s the the angle>, angle>, fitting fitting values values between between the the ring ring tional tional as as better better rapidly. rapidly. tion tion ROTCUR ROTCUR - southern southern If If AL. 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After After suggesting suggesting rotation rotation (J2000) (J2000) the the the the region region analysis analysis of of as as an an of of contours contours Figure Figure NASA NASA A A field field rings rings the the than than our our roughly roughly predilection predilection Therms Therms it it Clear Clear approaching approaching ideal ideal the the model model an an in in of of modern instrumentation instrumentation modern Any Any velocities velocities the the have have resolution resolution passes passes rotation rotation (see (see in in about about of of Figure Figure 41 41 extremely extremely ~ ~ alone alone curve curve shown shown first first everywhere everywhere central central are are 8 8 differences differences been been between between asymmetries asymmetries text). text). 30" 30" complement complement that that velocity velocity Astrophysics Astrophysics 45 45 velocity velocity shows shows at at a a residuals residuals of of 1' 1' the the 170 170 blanked blanked made made beam. beam. and and intervals intervals 7 7 a a 990 990 sin sin curve curve in in or or of of where where lead lead fixed fixed velocity velocity radius radius km km and and Figure Figure plots plots km km steep steep these these so, so, 3> 3> uncertainties uncertainties subtracted subtracted the the field field it it in in between between out out Hoc Hoc s s to to levels levels s s are are - of of impossible impossible but but inclination inclination in in - receding receding variation variation H n n H it it 1 1 the the to to of of a a rise rise was was l l because because rings. rings. (top) (top) 10 10 of of Fabry-Perot Fabry-Perot the the 8, 8, just just only only is is gradient gradient large large these these further further Data Data the the km km disk. disk. owing owing the the off off needed needed regions regions and and to to constructed constructed velocity velocity the the inside inside s With With of of from from H H of of - at at spread spread a a to to outer outer deprojected deprojected 1160 1160 1 halves halves , , than than order order System System poor poor two two maximum maximum for for with with just just I I of of and and out, out, to to is is lower lower velocity velocity most. most. km km the the the the for for the the 33° 33° B86 B86 field field the the signal-to-noise signal-to-noise likely likely halves halves major major pseudo pseudo on on the the kinematics kinematics in in agreement agreement s s 10 10 azimuthal azimuthal increased increased bar/inner bar/inner - improves improves the the observed observed may may from from Vol. Vol. smooth- , , possible possible to to 150 150 km km around around (bottom). (bottom). surface surface Unfor- formal formal velocity velocity to to inner inner rota- are are rota- trace trace field, field, ring ring still still 460 460 s s km km the the - be be a a 1 1 1996ApJ...460..665R brightness No. CTIO continuum-subtracted galaxies, tion surprisingly, (and emission quite inating integrated the has source 1994), component axis GHz Hoc vations the nuclear 3.4 the the As FIG. CTIO approximate mJy and eastern bar, / from 2, been or (Condon part is well it 9. 1.5 1996 of © at near - focusing flux may 1.5 and adjacent as presumably (uniform-weighted) Crocker, this this Contours m of American a overlain the flux m emission well will and second a most telescope telescope density 3.7 the yet optic critical emission, star-forming general 1992). densities dominate mJy, western be ends as of a red of - ::::; -- 0 0 C z z w ~ -:, 0 0 0 ('II of l 3.1.3. Baugus, position frequency, contours possible 1.38 the the . however The region. the -47 of Thus, continuum. 03 respectively, of associated imaging to Astronomical Hoc GHz but magnetic 3.4 plumes radio from Radio radio the obtain 17 16 15 42 13 12 10 ends 11 of the image complexes the continuum we mJy & the """""L.....-'----"..::,.::-'-'-:....,.:.:.:c.:;.c:..t...=.:==='-'---"'--""--~-'-'-'-"-ll:.:'--"-=-"-LI-"""-.C..:....-cl.:....,__""-.Wc...... l...L..,.~ to observed continuum 15 bar of (e.g., the Continuum we continuum continuum of Type program expect derive concentrated Buta . and images the and In can field of Figure H the more comparable Bland-Hawthorn II II NGC the 1.38 flux the (1996) SUP.ernova only the kinematical contours found bar that with 10 region lines Society in density overlain density of absence nuclear with 9 inner GHz contours emission are the speculate any southern 1433, the shows have RINGED because at emission are complexes SN narrowband found ATCA. 5 00 05 nonthermal each to supernovae ring continuum at 1985P on ring. of • used informa levels a the outline at Provided 1200 end ringed RIGHT on obser minor which of on to et orig total discovered Not The 1.38 of0.4 BARRED the the the a al. be at of 1200 s , 0 ASCENSION . 41 6 s , continuum-subtracted 0.8, b_y i - Dy ~ :a .., II<: ii > ~ ·;:; activity orbit pseudoring, systemic assuming Radio than to half text. 5 50 55 .. a II >, R. 1.0, GALAXIES the FIG , the Evans. 100 150 The and the 50 2.0, . crossings receding 0 8 differences continuum 0 velocity, points to . NASA - that and circular (J2000) the + H X 3.0 as I (i.e. entire eventually are mJy rotational and there) motion , indeed plotted between Astrophysics mostly Hix disk. 5 40 45 beam position emission image ' than in at The the - 100 these is velocities gives 1 l rings ! . obtained beamwidth southern) The angle formal the with Radius three cross is inclined f rise number held the fitting much fits. derived by Data (arcsec) half, l' to * fixed intervals, D enhanced northeast 35 at . the errors Crocker the + • • sparser 33 of 200 at System * from Both Approaching Receding I supernova ° approaching the , H are with based of • and values II the sides star the usually in regions. rotation on G. velocity nucleus i X formation given the separate Purcell (northern) activity much • outer center, marks in 300 The field, 673 with less the fits . 1996ApJ...460..665R 674 (Barbon, detected known northeast unclear, size, evolution, definite, optical one ongm of grated S "peculiar" supernova 1978K of age would understanding SN such expanding a examining from they to maps, some synthesis alignment, equivalent vations. uniform-weighted (1982). flux come Mazzolini. Although more yield much by for expected angular gas. gives 11 Parkes Figure though has and Mpc the 1.3 A correspondingly As Once emission first and magnitude overfilling 8 ratio NGC weak supernova at 1978K growing this Adopting yet from hint a GHz integrated (Tully the in was significant rise better kinematic require we least of low flux display outburst, optical (Ryder order, spectrum 11 Since as we M only we as cross again, extent found Cappellaro, $ to uniform- Hix at the measurements we 6300 and ought of 8 it the outline to supernova NGC © SN and Parkes the All 0.5 radio radio radio along (Weiler density are twice 1988), can 1 lie a lies than / number of source. the slightly could these American LB consistent a of westernmost coincides most nonuniform position as well fainter case remarkably mJy. of remnants three et in in 1979C moment structure. of relatively low our H I H resolving of outside at effect the e.g., to = has luminosity the supernovae and the irregularities 6300, does nucleus NGC 3.2.1. as al. the the channel the we (2.6 spectrum, and short fluxes least the 0.18 rarefied with strong of again This still et uniform- of much Although this primary profiles distance & not evolution below SN 1993). to X-ray flat inner 3.2. therefore double-horned than at the ± SN than al. of HI Turatto natural-weighted gas Type the 1433 with any interact we ± be maps with (e.g., place of places been NGC 0.2) 1986J compare the that Table the regime out compare NGC of Astronomical maps spectrum 0.06 1995). Gas good neutral surface 1985P horns, the missing ring arc the note optical in low sources disk The the circumstellar nearly (§ the are II exemplified Type NGC equivalent progenitor beam, kindly x to uniform Chevalier agree and corrected significant Distribution NGC formed 3.1.1). an luminosities M of (Rupen estimate two in SN supernovae 1433, 10 1989). 6300 of with. 2 agreement of of "normal" NGC peak shown surface cross of Based that in 0 young shows at 9 upper it hydrogen density identification NGC the II / NGC continuum natural-weighted with or a 1985P the L up Parkes the to M published within 1433 which NGC supplied would the 1433, decade supernova 0 profile contour of HI Within 0 circular better 6300 all from , in to et outer rotation global . & for almost together an an upon mass-loss single-dish point just and limit 6300 current data Thus, by brightness 1433 feature. quantities al. marks medium 15% at Figure three distribution Fransson given may in Society 10-20 fluxes. extended H I H 6300 dilution attained have Type a not SN as after than these 1987) least of intermediate how profile the figure disk. to (Fig. by sets on plots our and motion, in I H emission gas NGC of identical NGC NGC be is SN 1986J spectra curve appear now the us in 30" the (Fig. epoch Reif its yr 9 the 10% an outburst II The the far rate well and channel with at a present profiles content for 10) caused Figure to of Before of 1985P RYDER by by obser width, of gas of 1994), patch larger beam order cubes much radio radio • from best 1433, been least inte et 6300 6300 total new and that and and 14.3 and are, this SN our the the but 12). the the the Provided M. an as al. as to in is is ET fails to has effects density, tures. the natural but synthesized as clean in gas However, main thermore, be "tail" NGC velocity rable base a associated column distribution, image distribution mic remnant the weighted brightness NGC slight also CTIO ring, Figure been and for extending line peaks spiral field eastern in I H tail. which the NGC according defined, density the 14' ring Although AL. 30' For lose The we significant NGC the by an revealed west. ring disk x projected the scale, counterparts, of by The to full turned up and confirms and (§ shown from gas We radius 6300, 6300 found 8' clockwise of in arcs, of enhanced 1433. of the significant owing ring, 1.5 the the gas the include two weighting end of density 3.2.2). apparently 13 uniform-weighted to (a of the field this of NGC run extent has a has gas, 1433 gas disk. show the a in so from HI data, m ellipse disk purposes optical NGC to 60 the is the NASA sensitivity with a nor natural-weighted beam which of bright shows the H I H nearly that in Although contrast in as to we of ring telescope examined of past seen regions to confirms bar as the kpc gas even the the Although disk background did mean 6300. NGC A no some to NGC did in map the as have deprojected ring uniform-weighted NGC twist NGC of the shall sensitivity which the 6300. ongoing amounts appear search of geometries ( (the disk bring best-fit close in interacting Figure diameter shown ring. emanating column field are visual ~ not twice it outside Astrophysics edge. associated contours the allowing the is higher resultant superimposed of This 50" particular, diameter important an of show to 1433, in 6300 return 6300, just clearly 1433, latter neither major for Although and more it comparing show stars). Notice the interaction. uv out NGC must optical I H the of as to NGC the The in 12 impression to image rotational data of gas map any density discernible to the of gas there is inclination noise, the with shown sit at the H I H Figure it the suggesting disk be partly counterpart, closely map to maximum axis H I H have companion faint, from the for much such displayed case map of Here soon 1433, the just closer sacrifice 14.3 with also feature disk NASA fullest set accretion outer 6300 column low maps a one gray ring is was this flux, its are ring, major and this the a of data natural peak for of slightly that in been on the in shown extended a the Mpc), 12 rises obscured Data again, check the broader The that which in§ there surface kinematics the that also clear model to feature H I H scale ragged optical has from the are our wraps increased made NGC a a spans also in resembling high-resolution possible Extragalactic of I H western set results optical 70" that here 600 3.2.2. of density gas HI warp some axis to same varied a surface candidates lower the emerges obtained NGC do moment not although the System of particularly rather a extension have peaks does number outside the and in over have column Figure column as brightness density s B-band stellar of than its from is approximately structure. the 6300, disk, this on in not outer optical by in including Figure same velocity compared in gas low barely the contours way stellar with edge left going not with been 4 and 6300. a underlying resolution. the brightness projection associated dust in a appear the feature M than the the uniform the logarith from analysis ring with broader ring using of 12 velocity disk corner) the density the appear density surface toward seen 0 disk central within stellar of radius radius of swept Data stellar image loose sepa CCD inner 14 short lanes ridge from Fur ring. pc- field Just of fea well gas has gas the nor gas the the the the the as to of of to in in is a a 2 1996ApJ...460..665R 44 0 46 0 @ 0 N 48 ~ 50 > u r.l 52 =~ Cl ;;·""I -62°54 ~ = 44 0 46 >r,:, 0 0 N 48 -8 ~ 50 u =0 r.l Cl 52 -62°54° =-·n e:.. 44 00 0 0 46 n 0 0 48 -·~ N ::::. 50 ~ u r.l • Cl 52 ~ -62°54 ""I 0 < 44 s: 0 46 ~ 0 Q. 0 48 ....N -:J' ~ 50 '< u r.l :r Cl 52 -~ -62°54 z 44 00> 0 46 0 > 0 N 48 >r,:, ~ 50 u ""I r.l -0 Cl 52 "C:r -62°54 ' FIG. 10.- H I channel maps of NGC 6300 after CLEANing with a uniform-weighted beam. Heliocentric velocities in the optical convention are given in km s - 1• The darkest gray level corresponds to a flux density ~40 mJy beam - 1 • 1996ApJ...460..665R (solid comparison, the tioned the peak pure smaller 676 changing density could H cross column FIG. FIG I Parkes tail, optical emission line) marks at . indicate 11. densities 12. in slowly 145" than with - 64 weighted - rapidly the thJW)o,-;ition the Global m Gray-scale © within ring - - !i ::J 8 -, 0 0 C 0 ('I z z w most antenna, dash-dotted no our of American a previous ramps -62 Heliocentric 0.1, subtle other cubes, H I H diameter each in likely beamwidth, 0.5, 42 46 44 48 52 50 54 56 profiles this o(the 1000 which and plane down corrected candidates 1.4, outer line contours region. paragraph, reflects dynpmical DJ has 3.7, of 7 18 17 is of of Radial Astronomical --- - · a to NGC - not ring 5.5, the - 1100 59" spectrum · for - our - and of From been 7.3, the uniform · Velocity - 00 or 6300 primary center.. · for H (B87; Uniform Natural Parkes and flux I corrected southern pseudoring the although column a from obtained there, 1200 9 secondary (dashed . cutoff x 2 CSRG). (km ring beam r a 17 single density for 10 Society the s- HI by 20 attenuation line) inclination 17 1 beam this just ) . cm measuring H Finally, • pointing The spur 30 and peak in - I dilution. past 2 spike column NGC . RIGHT The RYDER natural small men • . that with the For Provided we FWHP the 6300, is is 7 17 17 ASCENSION with • ET of extrapolation at overlain observe indicate The maximum main warp by both fined of data contours isovelocity there by possible pattern 1433 account our or B87, the 00 natural AL. Figure At a NGC across synthesized B87 by this H distance set, these or kinematics of within disk is in the I the weighting either for little figure of the them that data, upon for and that resolution (J2000) 6300, 15 7 16 17 from . resolution the somewhere kinks the Our Sb contours NASA outer the shows these beam indication the Figure of . constructed in the of the ring galaxies a optical Closed this with early bar applied gray-scale do 30 l.76R the H the of is gas bar-driven noncircular projected isovelocity itself. shown I not Astrophysics region data 3 comes 16 bar, surface of the 1020 H . in suspicions 2 disk outside 25 isovelocity to in . 2 contours shows extend of this I . the , the by Thus, general. or gas set. - column significantly HI 7 16 17 the of from image itself, 1080 the from uv elsewhere inner density natural-weighted Kinematics NGC rotational gas Although noncircular a the tail data. contours ellipse much motions at close-up about the • km although 00 at inflow of radius the contours densities the 1' are Contours 6300 in the Data 980 falls natural-weighted s- beyond is the uniform-weighted in limited larger a 1 consistent H consistent of appears the of velocity usually are of possible and contours bottom below the it I motions the System the represent the column in and is bending also the disk. than 1240 velocity worth data resolution ring Figure inner left 1 invoked bar isovelocity to confirmed kinematic reaches M Our corner. . from Vol. in with with detected (projected) km density, be ( 0 region, 6' ~ noting of NGC data 12 pc field, 50"), con best x 460 s the the the The an - - uv to of of 4' a 2 1 . 1996ApJ...460..665R density, density, imate imate and and imate imate are are 4.9, 4.9, gas gas the the that that another another No. No. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. Because Because indicated indicated position position 7.9, 7.9, disk disk to to inner inner 2, 2, FWHP FWHP the the 4 4 sustain sustain and and corrected corrected 14 just just 13.-Contours 13.-Contours 1996 1996 © © . -Radial -Radial of of H H and and to to 10.8 10.8 angle) angle) American American by by beamwidth NGC NGC of of I I I I I I I I I I the the outer outer the the ring ring I I this this the the x x to to southeast. southeast. 100 100 is is dashed dashed 10 distribution distribution face-on set set boundaries boundaries 6300 6300 high high process. process. would would 20 20 of of - :::i :::i 0 0 z z 0 0 <( <( -- UJ UJ C C z z j::: j::: N N -, -, 0 0 0 0 0 0 by by . . cm- the the the the -62 -62 lines. lines. , , compared compared Astronomical Astronomical projected projected for for H H 2 200 200 . . rotation rotation provide provide The The Radius Radius 17 17 I I 52 52 51 51 49 49 50 50 46 46 47 47 48 48 which which of of The The of of column column the the the the optical optical 17 17 . . . . bar bar . . • • . . inner inner the the curve curve . . " " azimuthally azimuthally • • (arcsec) (arcsec) . . 30 30 gas gas density density at at to to 300 300 a a shape shape . . nucleus nucleus top top . . convenient convenient · ring, ring, NGC NGC ~ ~ fitting fitting column column • • right right overlain overlain of of Society Society as as (Fig. (Fig. each each appears appears averaged averaged given given 1433, 1433, ·• ·• 400 400 denotes denotes • • RINGED RINGED . . densities densities ~ 17) ring ring · · on on by by reservoir reservoir . . it it . . . . to to The The a a Buta Buta the the (inclination (inclination H H • • was was B-band B-band be be 15 15 I I Provided Provided 500 500 approx- approx- elongated, elongated, RIGHT RIGHT surface surface (1987), (1987), over over pos- BARRED BARRED • • image image of of • • ASCENSION ASCENSION owing owing of of .a .a Dy Dy NGC NGC extended extended tude tude be be velocity velocity the the whole and and beamwidth) beamwidth) center center to to sary sary velocity velocity 49' 49' although although also also other other we we inclination inclination sible sible at at parameters. parameters. weighted weighted 17. 17. 1109 1109 rotatiQQ rotatiQQ We We Having Having .. .. GALAXIES GALAXIES to to 13" 13" the the mainly mainly found found extent extent determine determine As As 00 00 (Xdyn(J2000) (Xdyn(J2000) 6300. 6300. to to the the of of resultant resultant to to identical identical ± ± , , also also t t H H at at as as ( ( confirm confirm these these NA~A NA~A with with •• •• presence presence 4 4 carry carry field field ± ± of of these these The The gas gas velocity velocity well well km km our our I I (J2000) (J2000) 4"). 4"). J;µ,rye J;µ,rye of of the the have have locked locked 1107 1107 measurements measurements positive positive i i After After intervals contour contour any any residuals residuals from from NGC NGC s s disk, disk, and and H H out out as as systemic systemic Our Our - values, values, ofa ofa the the with with deprojected deprojected the the = = Astrophysics Astrophysics here here 1 I I ± ± for for for for , , disk disk data data field field a a and and 1645 1645 initially initially the the l7hl6m59~5 l7hl6m59~5 that that but but bright bright the the 5 5 5" 5" full full levels levels redshift redshift 1433, 1433, optimum optimum the the the the in in km km a a , , the the displacement displacement asymmetry. asymmetry. the the seldom seldom a a position position and and with with still still rare rare .. .. in in actually actually systemic systemic kinematical kinematical velocity velocity the the separate separate H H consistent consistent foreground foreground ~ are are s s .,,• .,,• both both kinematical kinematical nuclear nuclear - fits fits letting letting I I lack lack the the (Table (Table . . opportunity opportunity 1 1 ROTCUR ROTCUR at at withlhat withlhat gas gas is is ,., ,., rotational rotational (B87). (B87). . projected projected .. .. exceeds exceeds were were . . these these ...... in in . . position position results results • • observed observed ( ( angle angle the the • • r, r, Data Data to to ± ± halves, halves, ring, ring, velocity velocity all all .. .. star star excellent excellent The The . . 4"), 4"), , , dynamical dynamical 2) 2) position position Our Our remain remain spatial spatial , noted noted , , analysis analysis done done regions, regions, . . parameters parameters .. .. • • due due oLlhe oLlhe column column and and O O analysis analysis 10 10 are are and and that that residuals residuals System System 30 30 to to Odyn(J2000) Odyn(J2000) in in dynamical dynamical to to velocity velocity angle, angle, west west km km have have by by and and on on plotted plotted order order compare compare resolution resolution with with allowed allowed steady steady be be negative negative agreement agreement ionized ionized densities densities listed listed of of s s B87. B87. the the of of center center the the - a a was was fitted fitted the the the the the the 1 1 tendency tendency of of _ _ inclination, inclination, the the vary vary to to rms rms at at disk disk nucleus nucleus in in at at the the uniform repeated repeated in in quantify quantify center center rotation rotation both both = = of of gas gas directly directly located located optical optical as as Figure Figure 25" 25" ampli- in in neces Y.iei Y.iei freely, freely, 0.6, 0.6, - fitted fitted RC3, RC3, as as with with (H(X (H(X free free 62 677 677 the the the the and and 2 to to = = (1 (1 . is is 0, 0, a a ° ° 1996ApJ...460..665R moment moment data data FIG FIG. FIG. set. set. . . 16. analysis analysis 15. The The - - C C :::i :::i 0 0 w w z z 0 0 0 0 :::?. :::?. z z j:: j:: 0 0 0 0 N N © © Close-up Close-up contour contour Isovelocity Isovelocity -62 -62 American American of of the the 51 51 :::i :::i 0 0 w w z z C C 50 50 0 0 z z ~ ~ 49 49 48 48 47 47 interval interval of of uniform-weighted uniform-weighted -62 -62 00 00 00 00 contours contours 00 00 30 30 00 00 30 30 isovelocity isovelocity 30 30 30 30 56 56 52 52 54 54 50 50 46 46 48 48 44 44 42 42 is is 20 20 Society Society Astronomical 17 18 18 17 overlain overlain km km contours contours s - 00 00 1 uv uv , , and and on on data data , , in in 17 17 17 17 the the some some ) ) set. set. the the _;J _;J Hr Hr The The bar bar major major column column 17 17 15 15 1140 1140 and and contour contour velocity velocity 30 30 inner inner density density interval interval • • RIGHT RIGHT ring ring contours contours RIGHT RIGHT Provided Provided of of map region region 17 17 is is 20 20 11 ASCENSION ASCENSION are are 00 00 ASCENSION ASCENSION NGC NGC km km 00 00 of of marked 17 17 NGC NGC s s by by - 6300, 6300, 1 17 17 , , and and the the 6300 6300 . . The The 00 00 both both the the 16 16 overlain overlain NASA NASA cross cross .--/\,.. .--/\,.. {J2000) {J2000) cross cross {J2000) {J2000) formed formed 30 30 the the marks marks marks on on 1040 1040 from from Astrophysics Astrophysics an an the the H H .-71060 .-71060 a a position position 16 16 position position moment moment r r column column 00 00 17 17 of of of of 16 16 analysis analysis the the density density the the 45 45 Data Data dynamical dynamical dynamical dynamical of of map, map, the the System System both both natural-weighted natural-weighted center. center. center. center. formed formed from from uv uv a a 1996ApJ...460..665R fixed. are fits ity nodes half, with expected and indeed, the between curve in the tion sponding (i attributed optical HI throughout. much optical files run but the causing of important much position principally = Fm. field, to the B87) 'L, 'L, fixed and c curve I "' . >' steep [N comparisons s "' .., 52°) massive ofNGC curve, The out the ~ 0 position optical light of better 17.-Kinematical assuming of to and 11]), 200 250 100 110 100 150 receding the 0 the points rotation suggest 90 50 50 55 60 45 B87. angle, in the the the at = 0 until and central increase to to profile © starting on 108° HI taken 0 the first ionized "bump" entire ~ angle r 6300 agreement The weight . arms the ,111 are ~! However, optical American note ~ circular spectra (i.e., r rotation 132°, and line inner + t X X that few 130". > plotted \,~ti11; jump disk. from 0, with velocity due optical along curve gas mostly + + i ~ that 80". constituting in at = and in had analysis of motion in I H ! • rotational X 40" The noncircular 52°. 100 and to r in the The Table the at to the Even with the curves = the the again various • + ¥ the nodes the four three employs open 1 or points and a Radius 60" gradient Astronomical + -f- beamwidth . individual X X in solution. deprojection I H eastern) optical results sudden optical lower rotation cause inner so, rings 11 then, + circles l X . + . X position velocities and by near separate I H position because position ofB87. f . + + • {arcsec) the 200 rotation do for inclined the ring, half, motions inclination of coinciding much rotation • t a in X • X center rotation r rise rotation by the intervals, fall As inner x + • o the = time i + . + optical computed X X . constant X the the Bula Both Approaching Receding angles, is uniform-weighted our Some spectra 75" in at with rotational slightly + + of . . angles • X X factor), approaching and of not angle angle curves disagreement the the sides ( the + t associated is -f- ring X . X X Society 300 curve. 25" this RINGED 1987) based curve systemic curves echoed NGC still disagreement rotation (and with i t l X and optical by i, optical smearing (see that having beam, inclination rise are velocity below (0 • X ~ Buta while on not is It that is a a = Table (western) X X 1433, carried separate can velocity are by is corre to partly hump based (1987), clear, • line 108°) veloc rota data with pro also BARRED and one plot the the the Provided be be of in of of 5 a full inclination parison. approaching Perot ment steadily (Bosma first optical common due galactic major ficient increases below § R that tance ponent s slowly (uniform-weighted) emission expected outside of did decreased. tion there with some flux forming in galaxy galaxy that marks NGC SAab continuum total perpendicular southern examination I H confusing are measurements, be self-calibrate outskirts Figure - 25 3.1.3, GALAXIES Despite Figure Within 1 The the NGC by , possible survey a in map east curve far). at the of and flux the before surprisingly on 15 is of same interferometer galaxy 1433, 50° fact axis gas from the extended another as disk 1.38 but the 18, Briggs's 1991); to warps, twists on disk mJy. clearly the (Fig. ring, optical The the on density 6300 of 18 from for feature steadily edge R the a in with source low-level some in Although sustain at of optical position and NASA field is 26 the emission which has whole GHz. to shows its which the H the halves picking suggests component kinematic NGC a each the Surprisingly, resolution _ the the rotation 12), not 5 nevertheless, with to in just some obtained • use H I H have the I from peak some type major still been as outermost nature (1990) for and sky. At disagreement tail just that the uniform-weighted good in ionized uv only This from disk. unlike shows totals 3.2.3. radius, disk a Fig. the a the Astrophysics unresolved 4736 of peaks angle has artifacts Sa 1.38 600 a the single counterparts 20° may early- the 2 to data of which matches the reached, outside up bar that even Such the the curve difference much need high and job four 18), could is Seyfert empirical of major extend 190 46° (indicated Radio in s contributes approximately been same (Mulder clockwise, a V-band dynamical onset the again axis. gas unusually GHz the of there be continuum-subtracted these velocity the on set, value regions more of brighter the NGC Sab warps the to a background km for to I H due further of 108° the be warranted ratio reproducing continuum Continuum velocity integrated gas the the quite morphology axis. and/or The between of galaxy, overlain galaxies time, nuclear intermediate-type the the 55° same is features determined. s a beyond continuum for to typical primary rotational 6300 between - light "rules" the & to line remarkably spin in by dark do ring (note field 1 observed extended kinematic Data the map sources the before two from Once out, large center), well to fully van a warp the the several way not still of field for distribution final just there residual temperature mass-to-light major of0.32. on source matter 110 that ratio seen for the extensions and emission sources contours at r emission nodes Oriel that natural-weighted beam. the 90% for System disk the NGC of the appear conforms = as H occurs dropping the of with the below further velocities a position mJy, amounting receding emission. there indeed, in I H point 300" in is behavior of an I the photometric optical described analysis good better edge of axis, actual of (coincident 1993). inclination slowly absorption effects halo radial both the significant It nuclear Hoc 6300 SBb a shown disk extended the meaning from the between galaxies in is to may 170 as sources Fabry of of out, on agree ringed of nearly image to in closer insuf ratio, NGC com maps lying com rota back be total star This disk type falls well and B87 679 dis i and of but out the km the the for the the the yet As to in to to in is a a 1996ApJ...460..665R isophotes isophotes average average of of galaxy) galaxy) ring, ring, fied fied nearly nearly tion tion spans spans the the all, all, that that density. density. anticorrelation) anticorrelation) coextensive, coextensive, the the the the and and that that clockwise clockwise 6300 6300 than than beam beam ring ring 680 680 In In Fm. Fm. CTIO CTIO southern southern presence presence central central by by that that of of for for seen seen - 18 18 while while his his an an the the requires requires 1 . . closed closed 18 ~ ~ the the The The our our (both (both are are actual actual from from The The outer outer the the study, study, . 1.5 1.5 2' 2' - the the in in H H (usually (usually gas gas Contours Contours two two statistical statistical m m and and influenced influenced © © H H NGC NGC 25" 25" disk disk top top I I inner inner central central 4.1. 4.1. of of and and telescope. telescope. but but ringed ringed of of pseudoring pseudoring extensions extensions ring ring I I disk disk American American that that deficiency deficiency B86 B86 right) right) the the depression depression has has x x of of which which of of continuous continuous The The 6300 6300 assumed assumed 23" 23" H H - :J :J 0 0 ...... 0 0 -, -, C C z z 0 0 w w 0 0 j::: j::: N N 0 0 z z <( <( of of H H there there as as we we was was nuclear nuclear and and NGC NGC source source of of an an studies studies 1.38 1.38 I I I I The The a a galaxies galaxies 4. 4. Inclination Inclination 28, 28, gas gas 17 17 17 17 by by beam, beam, column column consider consider to to is is are are whole unable unable aspect aspect the the GHz GHz DISCUSSION DISCUSSION the the 3.3, 3.3, of of radio radio purely purely the the 51 51 49 49 in in is is 1433, 1433, in in Astronomical Astronomical is is to to may may continuum continuum at at H H south south 2.5, 2.5, for for SB SB extended extended continuum continuum NGC NGC ring. ring. no no presence presence . . 30 30 only only and and 1. 1. be be continuum continuum the the Thus, Thus, density density to to ratio ratio (CSRG) (CSRG) and and a a A A since since galaxie~ galaxie~ the the an an be be are are circular circular of of virtually virtually assign assign obvious obvious comparison comparison same same yet yet marginally marginally 4.7 4.7 6300 6300 absorption absorption NGC NGC artifacts artifacts exaggerated exaggerated possibility possibility while while remarkably remarkably mJy. mJy. the the flux flux the the of of continuum continuum with with source, source, contours contours image image a a does does (though.not (though.not indicate indicate in in outermost outermost the the 1433 1433 density overlain overlain density definitive definitive central central complete complete the the and and correlation correlation the the continuum continuum Society Society outer outer in in resolved, resolved, should should magnitude magnitude of of we we effect, effect, scale) scale) are are that that plane plane 15 15 fact fact slightly slightly Figures Figures similar similar at at are are that that H H disk disk pseudo- inclina- be be the the sample sample levels levels optical optical form form neces- RIGHT RIGHT shows shows rather rather I I RYDER RYDER of of satis ignored. ignored. • • on on hole hole if if flux flux H H the the the the are are (or (or Provided Provided by by of of 13 13 a a to to at at of of a a 600 600 I I 1.0, 1.0, ASCENSION ASCENSION The The s s 1.3, 1.3, • • continuum-subtracted continuum-subtracted ET ET four four in in cates cates with with whose whose al. al. comes comes Number Number Ha Ha (1988) (1988) the the is is consistent consistent receives receives (ring (ring one. one. statistics statistics q q closer closer Mpc- circular), circular), be be sarily sarily ~ ~ 00 00 1.5 = = We We galaxies galaxies included included We We 10 AL. AL. oriented oriented , , 1996) 1996) distinct distinct luminosity luminosity by by order order 1.7, 1.7, 0.82 0.82 39 39 an an axial axial that that this this 1 nQw nQw start start proposes proposes other other to to from from ergs ergs tne tne , , 1.9, 1.9, some some apparent apparent which, which, ± ± and and aside, aside, an an 13 13 (J2000) (J2000) 20 objects objects the the of of particular particular 2 ratio ratio of of with with theATully-Fisher theATully-Fisher ,umlx . 0.07. 0.07. l'IA~A l'IA~A as as perpendicular perpendicular s s by by 2 ° the the members members inclination inclination , , (Maia, (Maia, . . - type type 12 12 brightest brightest 2.4, 2.4, support support a a In In l l a a of of 16 16 establishing establishing around around noted noted the the of of H H for for Hix Hix a a Mpc. Mpc. member member Virgocentric Virgocentric ours, ours, just just 2 this this In In Sb Sb . upper upper distance distance 45 45 0.85, 0.85, 6 II II image image , , an an higher higher da da 3.0, 3.0, region region pseudoring) pseudoring) and and under under the the section, section, the the by by strophysics strophysics are are from from Semi-independent Semi-independent assumed assumed H n n H a a and and 3.4, 3.4, of of Costa, Costa, obtained obtained cutoff cutoff edge edge Kennicutt, Kennicutt, earlier. earlier. Hubble Hubble of of also also to to 33 former former 4.5, 4.5, of of inclination inclination regions regions luminosity luminosity a a a a 10 assuming assuming the the the the ° ° of of variety variety 11.6 11.6 distance distance 39 39 we we 5.4 follows, follows, believed believed infall infall this this in in & & by by distance distance extensive extensive , , bar), bar), ergs ergs has has 6.0 aim aim H H image image Mpc, Mpc, constant constant D. D. Latham Latham relation relation case case would would , , Edgar, Edgar, Data Data 30 30 II II Crocker Crocker 8.0, 8.0, of of model. model. an an s s the the the the to to - is is region region to to but but function function to to avenues have have 1 based based intrinsic intrinsic 11.0 . . (ring (ring the the of of confirmation confirmation demonstrate demonstrate inclination inclination NGC NGC ring ring have have This This have have Southern Southern in in System System .between .between , , & & flux flux 1989), 1989), and and 11.6 11.6 of of 12 only only This This the the luminosity luminosity Hodge Hodge major major . on on 5, 5, distances distances is is densities densities G. G. . . a a intrinsically intrinsically 75 75 (Crocker (Crocker 1433. 1433. NGC NGC and and Mpc, Mpc, latter latter axial axial maximum maximum consistent consistent Purcell Purcell a a plausible plausible many many distance distance Vol. Vol. km km redshift redshift 15.0 15.0 depro- Group Group axis axis will will (1989) (1989) Tully Tully (going (going indi- ratio ratio 1433 1433 that, that, case case also also s s with with 460 460 mJy mJy on on - be be of of to to of of et et 1 1 1996ApJ...460..665R favoring favoring corrupt corrupt the the circular circular inner inner major major galaxy galaxy feature feature matic matic in in maximum maximum jected jected inside inside there there ation ation need need maximum, maximum, are are tional tional bration bration axis axis a a with with more more apparent apparent maximum maximum time time inclination inclination Still, Still, for for across across tions tions may may ROTCUR ROTCUR circular circular al. al. average, average, above, above, maximum maximum argument argument predict predict km km differ differ (1) (1) NGC NGC quently, quently, s s outer outer prototypical prototypical as as the the R(i R(i Galactic Galactic km km No. No. outer outer B~i= Using Using 1433, 1433, -19.21 -19.21 - model model Although Although From From One One given given 1 pure pure 1992). 1992). turbulent turbulent . . still still disk disk = = s s s- plane plane predicts predicts 2, 2, there there ratio ratio - noncircular noncircular to to 20 20 When When it it i i than than is is ring ring disrupt disrupt pseudoring pseudoring circular circular 33°) 33°) by by 1433 1433 corrected corrected HI HI axis, axis, l l 1 1 velocity velocity corrections corrections the pseudoring pseudoring minor minor ~ ~ is is 1996 1996 we we the the that that is is be be the the = = M~·; M~·; more more no or or in in reversed reversed potential potential in in outer outer equates equates ± ± the the motions, motions, for for the the appear appear circular circular the the unduly unduly velocity velocity intrinsically intrinsically 45° 45° we we a a major major As As extinction, extinction, important important line line 10.68 10.68 by by is is therefore therefore biased biased of of residuals residuals equation equation 0.33. 0.33. rotational rotational or or = = near near wk= wk= of of analysis analysis rotational rotational involves, involves, © © factor factor barred barred it it closer closer field field crowding crowding the the bar bar even even Tully-Fisher Tully-Fisher distances distances deprojected, deprojected, ring ring the the - = the the and and 9.4 9.4 ringed ringed motion motion note note orbiting orbiting a a the the is is pseudoring pseudoring the the rings. rings. axis, axis, American American M~i= width width than than the the is is 33 33 comparison comparison the the stronger stronger apparent apparent some some ± ± large large axis axis galaxies galaxies to to The The ± ± for for than than outer outer in in extent extent motions motions and and toward toward field field motion, motion, that that galaxy. galaxy. 7.48(log 7.48(log of of observed observed while while = = inner inner to to minor minor of of complication complication 0.04 0.04 in in that that axial axial 1.7 1.7 excludes excludes galaxies, galaxies, a a inner inner relationship relationship which which the the between between favor favor (1) (1) NGC NGC in in barred barred the the 20 20 285 285 internal internal 30° 30° and and 2; 2; Wk Wk to to of of much much velocity velocity true true velocity velocity rotation rotation slower, slower, of of apparent apparent 10° 10° 20 20 prescribed prescribed applying applying is is derived derived with with regions regions a a does does = = is is pseudoring pseudoring and and outer outer Mpc. Mpc. R(i R(i the the the the note note not not to to sense, sense, pseudoring pseudoring gas gas average average ± ± bar bar than than inferring inferring km km by by and and profile profile ratio ratio ring. ring. that that also also While While feature. feature. based based -20.71 -20.71 relation relation this this axis axis a a closer closer to to velocity velocity Wk Wk our our 1433 1433 is is Society Society Astronomical more more 17 17 which which = = an an to to mean mean galaxy galaxy inner inner Pierce Pierce B~i= points points and and of of models models an an cases cases the the emulate emulate s s not not the the and and that that pseudoring, pseudoring, almost almost (Tully (Tully absolute absolute in in 20°) 20°) km km to to particles particles - in in for for - For For Thus, Thus, velocities. velocities. an an be be becomes becomes inclination inclination kinematical kinematical Figures Figures a a so so it it to to far far 1 is, is, insignificant insignificant on on shape, shape, elongated elongated blue blue . . to to observed observed NGC NGC it it stars stars 20°. 20°. that that 2.50) 2.50) a a by by outer outer between between 33 33 to to inner inner For For uncertain uncertain therefore therefore ± ± inclination inclination s s the the ring, ring, only only For For function function drop drop unusually unusually noncircular noncircular will will in in the the to to = = width width & & much much may may within within - spiral spiral compensate. compensate. would would face-on face-on galaxies galaxies of of the the = = galaxies galaxies from from 0.33 0.33 Tully Tully 1 of of of of we we fact, fact, & & 19.1 19.1 Tully Tully As As , , the the a a perpendicular perpendicular two two around around a a magnitude magnitude - from from may may produce produce Pierce Pierce 10.65 10.65 i i blue blue NGC NGC 1433 1433 our our spend spend we we 33° 33° ~ ~ 6 6 ring ring NGC NGC Schwarz Schwarz disk disk = = Fouque Fouque pseudoring pseudoring conclude conclude seem seem a a much much wk= wk= reasons reasons 19.55 19.55 However, However, WR= WR= galaxy galaxy extent extent 20 20 almost almost and and ± ± greater greater velocity velocity and and ± ± inclination inclination have have & & and and consequence, consequence, held held 33°, 33°, than than resonance. resonance. could could (1992): (1992): luminosity luminosity W they they than than inclination inclination extrapolation. extrapolation. magnitude magnitude analysis analysis which which having having of of 3.5 3.5 25° 25° high high invalidate invalidate is is ± ± or or RINGED RINGED inclined inclined of of factor, factor, Fouque Fouque km km 20 20 20 20 for for 1433 1433 much much & & the the odd odd 8 8 1433 1433 yet yet reached reached ± ± 0.04. 0.04. gas gas the the more more much much fixed fixed 155 155 average average the inclination: inclination: an an = = = = below below Mpc, Mpc, pseudoring pseudoring of of must must M~i= shows, shows, Tully Tully it it of of the the (Jacoby (Jacoby circular circular 1985) 1985) s s 0.14 0.14 Since Since velocities. velocities. indeed indeed inner inner (1981) (1981) that that discussed discussed 453 453 - than than the the 190 190 of of equation equation field field the the really really intrinsic intrinsic motions motions the the intrinsic intrinsic that that may may making making inclina ± ± 1 1 of of do do Conse is is disk disk to to of of would would nearly nearly at at at at (1985) (1985) lower lower speed speed lower lower limits limits NGC NGC while while . . 9 9 kine • • 33 33 rota ± ± ± ± their their non situ cali M~; M~; disk disk 0.61 0.61 ring ring well well The The and and and and and and this this this this not not BARRED BARRED 20° 20° 33° 33° km km the the the the the the the the the the the the the the Provided Provided do do (1) (1) be be be be = = 26 26 10 10 is. is. in in of of et et Q Q circular circular (e.g., (e.g., then then correct, average average rotation rotation Lindblad Lindblad QP QP the the radial radial Using Using knowledge knowledge (B86), (B86), position position quency quency estimated estimated positions positions previous previous al. al. predicts predicts between between pattern pattern ages ages spiral spiral resonance resonance pattern pattern tion tion pattern pattern the the types types & & be be how how the the associating associating resonance. resonance. NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC NGC GALAXIES GALAXIES - With With One One ' ' • • b b Buta Buta made made 1994, 1994, by by directly. directly. vertical vertical Assuming Assuming Based Based Based Based analysis analysis rotation rotation Galaxy Galaxy K/4 K/4 of of obtained obtained much much Binney Binney ofresonances ofresonances 6300 6300 6217 6217 5101.. 5101.. 1365 1365 1433 1433 1398 1398 galaxies, galaxies, compared compared variation variation the the the the of of corotation. corotation. K K motions, motions, speed speed the the speeds speeds 1991; 1991; approximately approximately speeds speeds of of to to that that curve]. curve]. in in on on on on about about photometric photometric hereafter hereafter is is the the 4.2. 4.2. of of the the ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... in in precession precession ring ring rotation rotation by by given ...... a a NASA NASA an an a a bypass bypass of of the the line line Figure Figure the the ring ring of of information information the the In In each each distance distance the the distance distance . . . . . . . . . . . . & & primary primary curves, curves, it it in in the the Testing Testing is is individual individual Moore Moore CSRG CSRG formation formation K=fi- but but inner inner the the slope slope the the with with marking marking plays plays in in measured measured of of the the resonances, resonances, If If past past Tremaine Tremaine to to Q Q clearly clearly of of K K resonance resonance BRSBC). BRSBC). the the such such the the shape shape nearly nearly As As NGC NGC an an = = curve curve of of 19 19 Astrophysics Astrophysics a a = = case case ring ring CSRG. CSRG. of of will will linear linear the the 48 48 21 21 27 27 41 41 26 26 28 28 BAR BAR particular particular (B86; (B86; 11.6 11.6 to to 4.2.1. 4.2.1. V V analyses analyses to to data. data. a a ( ( 16.1 16.1 frequencies frequencies motivations motivations average average the the & & the the (linear) (linear) ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± angular angular 19 19 [we [we 20 20 R R / / R R in in V V resonance resonance key key assumptions assumptions be be R, R, PATTERN PATTERN of of 7b 7b 8' 8' 5b 5b 1 1 3 3 15" 15" get get the the TABLE TABLE either either gathered gathered of of Mpc Mpc Gottesman Gottesman of of object object in in to to Resonance Resonance Mpc Mpc NGC NGC ~~ always, always, 1433 1433 perturbation perturbation and and ( ( summary summary so so so so van van present present 1987). 1987). NGC NGC great great 1+-- Thus, Thus, have have the the a a measure measure Figure Figure Bar Bar but but role role radius radius 2 2 a a (Tully (Tully orbit orbit resonance. resonance. that that (Tully (Tully weak weak of of theory theory 50 50 + + far far (B86; (B86; 6300 6300 frequency frequency direct direct Driel Driel rotation rotation side side R R and and V V SPEEDS SPEEDS 3 3 can can 1433 1433 also also 40 0.81 0.81 pattern pattern km km in in taken taken importance, importance, This This This This Jiirsiiter Jiirsiiter van van Buta Buta Moore Moore van van NGC NGC assumptions assumptions In In curves curves dV dV dR dR 1988). 1988). for for in in in in Q Q locations, locations, (Schwarz (Schwarz corresponds corresponds 1988), 1988), of of 2 Data Data 8, 8, dictating dictating in in Ring Ring bar, bar, )1 depart depart of of NGC NGC B87), B87), s s + + 1995; 1995; and and Driel Driel Driel Driel the the et et this this how how ± ± the the of of study study study study such such - ) this this 1986 1986 their their measure measure we we 12 12 theory theory Table Table K/2, K/2, 1 112 112 each each & & (dV/dR) (dV/dR) al. al. 0.06 0.06 1433 1433 and and resonance resonance . . curve, curve, & & bar bar speeds speeds ought ought the the use use Q, Q, Reference Reference Theory Theory absence absence et et Gottesman Gottesman have have & & study, study, System System study study we we many many van van 1988; 1988; JvM) JvM) associated associated 6300. 6300. galaxies galaxies from from the the al. al. Buta Buta obtained obtained Q Q as as 1984; 1984; pattern pattern point point demonstrates demonstrates coupled coupled to to the the epicyclic epicyclic 3 3 not not are are as as since since Moorsel Moorsel 1988 1988 have have uncertainty uncertainty - or or plotted plotted to to well well shows, shows, of of the the have have is is 1991 1991 to to and and and and van van for for theory theory K/2, K/2, the the now now the the intersect intersect The The only only to to of of the the Q Q Byrd Byrd rings rings 1995 1995 on on be be had had theory theory as as - speed speed range range a a Driel Driel use use aver loca what what from from 1995 1995 from from non been been with with ring ring in in and and few few fre 681 681 bar bar bar bar bar bar the the the the the the the the K/4 K/4 the the (3) (3) (2) (2) in in to to of of et et is is a a a a 1996ApJ...460..665R 682 shown dashed 6, rings at QP lation Based the tively. smoothing make may theory which form assign any to however, ring, ratio rings locations 'j km therefore conservatively speed about up confirm orbit vacant rotation between the 6 (1981) tation, ! effects curve the force curve the ...... i ~ & I>, ~ and Fm. and The Bearing the assign BRSBC 150 100 = with 50 nuclear s evolving do earlier associated the - not relative although as of 3 lines analysis from this same lies 19.-The on of we (at form 1 8 correspond 1.5 and more (not nuclear outlined ± "banana" solid as of the kpc horizontal show, virtually velocity the a that be stop the have indicate 1, the relative bar estimate predicted bar exactly single © all Contopoulos in used inner the lines, - ring, frequency unlike on work 22.4 appropriate inner weight Q models. to 1 mean American current radii, a various . these the short of this surmised there This - pattern ring the bar the to gas region with above the dotted test-particle ± characteristic the ring, across the K/2 the specific to and I I I I& I orbits of gas-deficient is Fig. at number mean resonant 0.4, ring and most of to would uncertainties value their of inflow. precession 5 inner is by resonances, I I I I; 1) '~ inner not Using curve, ·c Schwarz epoch) same being lines value, a outer 20%), the predicting for with still and just speeds, the radii radii 8), resonances. the to propose & respective near in resonance. strictly unreliable. mark Astronomical Society is QP Radius ring, place the Papayannopoulos be ring a ring the the and a results beyond and 26.2 close of strong-bar H orbit Unlike such namely based 1! I&: I and determined in simulations frequency combination of "strong" implied the almost the radius I radial the (1981, likelihood region bar kinematics NGC and region, rings location clearly, corotation regions the ± frequencies a nonlinear bar, (kpc) L in to precisely a locations. bar a value ,j I• I 1( 10 16 I l)i by 4 0.4 on "medium the steep strength, mind the case. In ~ the plumes, The and the pattern circular, for variation must curves by 1984) assuming 1433 0.6, km of an although inner addition, models bar the outer for bar outer this of by seen L the a to We current velocity marked. (inclination, inward makes that s- 5 where be and speed effects, at only, for strong rings effects of the B86, (relative points by pattern improve outer ring. ring. 1 a (1980). the R can related and to ring, QP NOC rings, in kpc- flat pseudoring, none of bar of implied testing ~ a as slow" The B86 15 the we it formed true rings = Figure Thus, also Q From extrapo gradient constant theories, 6 Schwarz of etc.), bar pseudo rotation rotation at difficult as Figures pattern 1433 respec 26 1 kpc, RYDER speed. derive vertical and of linear to beam • radial in coro came from upon axial if now ring and ± will Fig. Provided the bar the the we are the we an at in " 5 4 ET four "plume (compare domain uncanny conclusions, a QP medium" pattern from of 12b), the NGC 6300. the thereafter. vertical radius same given this fore extended feature doring limits therefore the ments, nance, also r According dashed shown if horizontal radius pling .. 'i ...... !100 I .e- "" "' = 0 & I> I> I>, i:I 0 much lo this AL. Having 50-60 In Fm. by ~ 200 150 case inner inner 145" 50 to broad in even the bar intersect ring 26 0 B87 approximate by Figure scale as 6300, intersect lines the the 20.-The we and axis be " somewhere speed dashed pattern solid too of in B87 km km same was dotted features 0.5 already expect optical resemblance disk our ring domain radial rotations at would for found is to Owing to NGC indicate NASA not based has range plotted this limited lines, s in least it s and 20 the - the domain R - Fig. feature fact various vein, of lines the a 1 the seems and l lines speed, shows < been and complete to with satisfactory coverage infer extent 1433, for marked having NGC seen resonance range one to purely the associated logarithmically 1 Q of 9.3 4 H mark QP boundaries see Astrophysics Q between these sample a the upward. I their here + to precession NGC bar approximate 4.2.2. regimes. with - not nuclear plotted a therefore = optically. kpc, they we some the gas to K/2 the bar the 6300 of K/2 vastly 27 (115" been on respective in pattern QP mark ring(§ unreasonable next possible 2 reproducing with the from our precession curve. NGC and Radius ± were lower pattern 1433, from Figure particle the ring locus R sign agreement limits compared ring, frequency 8 on ascribed inner < the for to better turn = encompassing H optical Although not on extent 6300 3.2.1). km our theory, r able accommodate frequencies which speed Figure bar a of 8-14 2HR with (kpc) right the < probably 14. I based at our Data speed logarithmic separate second our an pattern distribution 200"), map sampling s H 5 - of to frequency curves By broad - a perhaps rotation resonance. to gas kpc, outer H panel would to with 1 the to that attention I there produce 14 . number again for on Table System short data, I marked. Thanks NGC speed draw of inner reveals harmonic peaks for rotation the inside where the the inner rings, NGC the the ring 10 of values ought NGC include NOC of associating different curve the range Note 3 scale. ring, spiral curves we inner their any bump theory " 1433, after The points provides Vol. with near to of or slow no R ring, but 6300 the to "fast" 6300 would and that there NGC implied vertical curve of pseu = radii. solid reso 1433 20 data such Fig. just The ring seg 460 our sam the the the the for 0.8 QP an QP to as are the the in in in at 1996ApJ...460..665R No. (which directly both (1988) flawed, optical latter kpc. nance NGC shortened al. gested not, have the the radius nucleus ring ring beamwidth because patterns but distribution Lindblad FIG. Therefore, (1987), spiral at the different 2, is in Such suggested could situation 6300 21. ring an aligned 1996 © have gas that of performed general, nuclear or (Phillips, driven - with of American resonance intermediate morphology and bar, the else a Contours theory Sygnet is this and NGC of discussed ring conceivably we pattern a approximately bar neither bar dust by the phase is slower ring that be misalignment. would are Charles, a would the for - :::?. 0 ::::i 0 Q 0 0 0 ('I z <( z w j:: 6300 ofH patterns. creditably ring definite coincides et driven lanes, (ILR) and was spiral left difference bar. the speeds, 7 17 17 parallel al. Astronomical pattern I the angle column in column not is be reported 50 origin to 51 (1988), There or & NGC of by a be idea patterns possibility. no In be conclude Baldwin . the multiple deprojected, the 30 with in Sygnet one the density density speed nor camouflaged this bigger apparent between Sellwood of of is type spiral. 6300 the and bar, reason by perpendicular would stellar mode the scenario, in as when than case et 2 1983). B87, pattern may than shown B87 that Sellwood but barred Seyfert As radius Society al. the compared and coupling in to the expect the of & a (1988) are although noted not either our in consequence believe ends RINGED Figure NGC the Sparke bar. by inner gaseous Fig. galaxies speed nature of independent be 15 synthesized corotation to & a with the that • of 13 the have Tagger the the a between pseudo- random 1433) that the overlain Provided the 14. Sparke feature such galaxy RIGHT (1988) of when inner rings reso- fore- may sug- bar, BARRED bar No distribution the the of et is a on ASCENSION the by same ends "spurs" 6300, extended, (partly even ference and often in tightly that Sellwood corotation drive are or despite of along to them which nance point 00 and GALAXIES There It the the stretch distinct recycling still Ho: the brightnesses is the with of appear gas we to HI almost ring. the image is possible NASA confined between because in apparently the beginning extending spiral ongoing note is that (J2000) inflows, & ring different spiral warped the bar in segments, a It bar, as Sparke smoothly can NGC third the in that takes process perpendicular ofNGC 16 of axis arm Astrophysics for Fig NGC of features than but the retard there gas 45 tightly I H the pattern . an from of projection 6300 H (1988) 18. possibility, having time segments as about II those like the accretion inner 6300 of Notice spiral disk connected. regions, 6300 are is this the analogous forming into for wound spiral the present that speeds, no 30 and and a in resonance do the gas structure the evolution to and rings, ° fast in case relatively NGC effects), extremely of ahead lie originally Data NGC in gas arms. ring torques the with the spiral NGC a the simulations along NGC bar this closed, to in and 30 tail 1433. bar of spiral 1433 System those of does . NGC ring In but powerful galaxy. good agreement arms 6300 The NGC stellar empty continual in the exerted the 1433, axis, the outlined continuous Still NGC is this to not and in ring presence bar. are ring that in 1433 case 6300 be showing NGC regions The but another rather begin then the NGC enough major (Fig. by composed much 6300 However, the . gas of indicate by the Finally, bar simula- the 1433. between 13). places at peaks NGC of infall reso- 6300 than near B87, may that axis 683 will less I H dif- bar the an to 1996ApJ...460..665R ( ( ~ stretched stretched further further (not (not doring. doring. can can compared compared because because dominated dominated stellar stellar tions tions better better & & ened ened and and evolving evolving gas gas NGC NGC star star the the the the an an 684 684 then then tance tance comprehensive comprehensive sition sition acteristics acteristics dissimilar dissimilar stage. stage. ring ring the the be be outer outer NGC NGC 21 21 H H beyond beyond Figure Figure blad blad velocity velocity with with tation, tation, to to obvious obvious well well very very sky. sky. resenting resenting of of 6300, 6300, have have the the NGC NGC speeds, speeds, summarize summarize arcs arcs 1433. 1433. Further Further Finally, Finally, The The In In Wilkinson Wilkinson 1. 1. NGC NGC I I the the confirmed confirmed inner inner 10 same same ± ± presence presence disk. disk. two two surface surface bar bar reformed reformed Though Though to to formation formation defined defined resonance resonance still still visible visible ( ( the the further. further. closely. closely. An An 7 of of not not or or of of two this this individual individual pseudoring pseudoring 1433, 1433, Thus, Thus, -10 1433, 1433, 1 1 of of 1365 1365 This This than than optical optical nearby nearby and and ring ring 21, 21, mention mention Thus, Thus, from from its its slowdown slowdown the the km km BRSBC BRSBC one one fields fields ring, ring, objects objects "plumes "plumes 1433 1433 case case torques torques presence presence into into H H By By the the pattern pattern the the been been appear appear 8 8 still still to to with with an an paper paper support support of of status status which which radio radio minima minima © © optical optical our our yr; yr; does does I I has has the the evolution evolution s s we we density density to to in in the the galaxy galaxy associating associating unless unless in in classified classified - The The of of distribution distribution ours ours 1993). 1993). both both optical optical pinnacle pinnacle in in outer outer a a for for while while is is the the American American many many and and of of 1 barred barred further further a a have have Combes Combes their their take take . . at at HI HI evacuated evacuated resonance resonance VLA VLA Figure Figure a a the the main main in in more more still still closest closest NGC NGC the the are are However, However, have have neutral neutral the the continuum continuum speed speed interpreting interpreting as as resonances, resonances, we we warp warp stellar stellar than than ") ") inner inner (CSRG) (CSRG) R R shows shows disk-dominated disk-dominated morphologically morphologically to to of of NGC NGC in in disk, disk, H H NGC NGC for for disk disk in in ring ring was was the the H H on on NGC NGC open open a a found found ~ ~ off off possibility possibility even even times times quite quite older older low-resolution low-resolution 5. 5. HI HI arrive arrive pseudoring. pseudoring. a a have have results results I I the the spiral spiral the the in in bona bona may may shown shown I I 6300, 6300, the the similarly similarly of of 208", 208", in in 13, 13, pseudoring. pseudoring. the the ringed ringed and and (such (such nuclear nuclear the the strong strong in in ring ring the the CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS map, map, slower slower 1993). 1993). and and will will orbits orbits dust-lane dust-lane common common hydrogen hydrogen contours contours this this study, study, to to 1433 1433 streaming streaming 6300 6300 the the that that bar bar ring ring evolution evolution longer longer NGC NGC it it and and to to during during dissimilar dissimilar the the and and 1365 1365 Astronomical Astronomical this this Hix Hix presented presented also also fide fide an an gaseous gaseous leading leading at at galaxy galaxy question. question. barely barely perhaps perhaps source. source. there there take take is is and and for for as as the the how how evolution) evolution) as as NGC NGC next next barred barred following: following: pattern pattern JvM JvM Thus, Thus, follows follows clear clear a a (which (which galaxy galaxy shares shares image image and and asymmetric asymmetric bar, bar, would would slightly slightly follows follows to to ring ring that that with with NGC NGC JvM JvM each each resonance resonance be be 1365 1365 possesses possesses bar bar well well outer outer much much same same to to develop develop a a is is In In with with arm arm two two of of in in 2/3 2/3 NGC NGC few few NGC NGC In In associated associated motions motions will will the the Hubble Hubble sides sides to to 6300 6300 quite quite an an scenario scenario that that bars bars map map used used regard regard reach reach pattern pattern from from if if component) component) in in found found spirals spirals other other object object the the does does as as NGC NGC used used some some (with (with are are place place 1433 1433 the the speed speed of of addition, addition, the the a a crossings crossings galaxies galaxies smaller smaller pseudoring pseudoring almost almost NGC NGC degree degree longer longer the the Gyr, Gyr, L form form many many would would a a the the nuclear nuclear the the the the may may 4 4 uniform-weighted uniform-weighted 1365 1365 as as slower slower at at of of 6300. 6300. near-IR near-IR a a an an distribution distribution not not optical optical distinct, distinct, multiple multiple ring ring in in extension extension its its and and NGC NGC and and of of ways, ways, H H to to that that the the (nucleus+ (nucleus+ Society Society 1433 1433 time; time; bar bar separately. separately. in in a a two two along along the the recent recent the the radial radial speed speed will will is is quickest quickest although although § § 6300, 6300, the the barred barred be be analysis analysis morphology, morphology, complete complete extend extend respects. respects. final final to to I I the the with with possesses possesses as as stellar stellar provided provided be be 3.2.3. 3.2.3. galaxy galaxy outer outer NGC NGC with with In In asymmetry asymmetry despite despite just just Ls Ls ring ring inner inner radial radial with with to to ring ring secondary secondary form form and and destroyed destroyed cause cause for for 1433 1433 could could Sellwood Sellwood H H however, however, strength structure structure southern southern the the imaging, imaging, distance distance are are a a of of massive massive react react such such pattern pattern mature mature if if regions regions a a I I like like nearly nearly RYDER RYDER recent recent When When to to much much could could Lind much much spiral spiral NGC NGC NGC NGC QP QP coro 6300) 6300) pseu char • • of of tran arms arms bar) than than ring. ring. only only akin akin very very rep and and For For any any dis We We not not the the H H the the the the Provided Provided by by all all an an be be = = to to as as in in 1 1 ET ET favorably favorably flux flux maximum maximum inclination, inclination, There There The The coming coming density density plane. plane. intrinsically intrinsically emission emission tion tion mental mental Although Although be be been been The The gives gives must must of of outer outer deficient deficient for for the the east east are are ring ring ation ation might might mJy. mJy. disk. disk. loose loose observations observations the the bar. bar. axisymmetric axisymmetric relation relation kinematic kinematic however, however, averaged averaged inner inner resonance resonance in in near near Lindblad Lindblad peak peak than than pattern pattern troscopy, troscopy, the the tion. tion. nosity nosity the the 4. 4. 2. 2. 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For For 2. 2. 4. 4. 3. 3. 5. 5. 3. 3. 1. 1. a a the the associated associated by by Sab Sab average. average. inner inner optical optical inner inner located located strong strong plumes plumes The The ofNGC ofNGC gas-deficient gas-deficient density density of of could could The The The The If If Throughout Throughout There There The The in in Each Each By By We We This This the the is is able able "tail" "tail" of of be be pseudoring pseudoring a a H H bar bar be be NGC NGC is is On On the the ratio ratio difference difference the the broader broader galaxies galaxies speed speed NGC NGC of of the the bar bar the the from from I I to to in in orbits orbits close close identifying identifying expected expected location location also also confirm confirm the the and and in in surface surface with with but but extended extended H H resonance, resonance, ring. ring. ring ring to to region, region, a a is is line line strength strength being being in in the the H n n H rotational rotational ring ring nucleus. nucleus. bar. bar. neutral neutral be be NASA NASA the the are are nuclear nuclear are are at at feature feature meaning meaning definite definite from from very very is is pattern pattern oval, oval, outer outer 6300 6300 I I NGC NGC place place 1433 1433 lack lack inner inner the the with with is is such such outer outer central central each each distribution distribution 1433. 1433. of of region, region, 20° 20° test test to to other other corotation corotation in in not, not, There There in in no no only only H I I H than than Thus, Thus, in in feature feature consistent consistent regions, regions, near near nodes. nodes. azimuthally azimuthally density density between between unlike unlike ofNGC ofNGC regions regions as as which which we we these these 33°. 33°. the the the the the the most most is is as as of of to to general. general. particle particle deficiencies deficiencies or or the the atomic atomic an an isophotes isophotes pseudoring pseudoring motions motions 1433 1433 however, however, on on H I I H Astrophysics Astrophysics end end of of ring ring The The rings rings The The data data intrinsically intrinsically hinted hinted local local detection detection the the speed speed the the be be the the hand, hand, is is have have the the spatial spatial velocity velocity the the existence existence Type Type emission emission that that less. less. appears appears the the upper upper However, However, Lagrangian Lagrangian then then its its the the typically typically regions regions found. found. of of in in The The disk disk NGC NGC extent extent with with of of bar bar maximum maximum the the inner inner with with outer outer is is of of H H favors favors position position western western along along between between structure structure maxima maxima the the found found hydrogen. hydrogen. 1433 1433 along along the the with with extends extends NGC NGC models models Application Application in in at at (nonthermal) (nonthermal) of of this this the the II II H I I H well well seem seem I I the the overall overall resolution resolution limit limit Lagrangian Lagrangian region, region, of of the the unlike unlike rotation rotation two two averaged averaged by by of of curve curve spite spite 26 26 roughly roughly optical optical SN SN to to 1433 1433 is is of of is is pseudoring, pseudoring, of of is is are are with with pseudoring pseudoring the the bar bar of of NGC NGC the the gas gas also also much much the the the the inclination inclination the the the the if if optical optical inner inner a a NGC NGC far far correlated correlated 1433 1433 be be ± ± the the gas gas nearly nearly edge edge to to systems. systems. on on of of at at of of the the noncircular noncircular 1985P 1985P points points region region well well the the in in unstable location location of of surface surface bar bar and and 5 5 H H of of Data Data derived derived in in following: following: and and that that a a and and higher higher be be their their from from the the case, case, minor minor a a barred barred implies implies optical optical in in the the NGC NGC disk, disk, km km 6300 6300 two two I I discrepancy discrepancy more more NGC NGC curve curve is is Lindblad Lindblad and and peak peak the the equal equal outer outer to to gas gas mass-to-blue mass-to-blue of of confined confined minor minor beyond beyond the the 1433 1433 highlights highlights emission-line emission-line circular circular inner inner from from the the points points for for present present associated associated radio radio as as L test test radii. radii. of of s s then then certain, certain, System System the the Like Like rings rings density density a a 4 4 strong strong and and - the the surface surface exhibits exhibits estimate estimate axis axis with with regions regions from from of of spirals. spirals. elongated elongated 1433 1433 ring. ring. with with S1.3 gas gas of of slightly slightly areas areas 1 1 20° 20° and and that that NGC NGC 6300 6300 of of pseudoring pseudoring contributions contributions for for represent represent ring, ring, the the axis axis Tully-Fisher Tully-Fisher the the the the gas gas kpc kpc azimuthally azimuthally the the NGC NGC NGC NGC the the the the continuum continuum the the L 8 8 concentra appears appears resonance. resonance. line line in in warp warp within within Ls, Ls, an an a a 1.38 1.38 compares compares the the GHz< GHz< the the 4 4 the the inner inner is is presence presence Vol. Vol. we we - a a bar, bar, between between motions motions between between nucleus. nucleus. is is line, line, the the series series density. density. 1433 1433 inclina but but and and outside outside density density 1 optical optical associ system system both both with with funda higher higher to to of of which which . . of of found found outer outer inner inner lumi 1433, 1433, spec GHz GHz in in local local have have 1433 1433 than than This This disk disk 460 460 our our 4: 4: are are the the the the the the the the the the 0.5 0.5 Ls Ls an an its its or or to to of of is is a a a a 1 1 1996ApJ...460..665R No. spectra derived apparent totally 6300 from QP cally it --. --. to may ring Seyfert sented such --. --. theoretically. much nance able opportunities Buta, Briggs, Bland-Hawthorn, Bosma, which Athanassoula, pattern Combes, Chevalier, Begeman, Barbon, Binney, Byrd, Crocker, Contopoulos, Contopoulos, Condon, de de Jorsiiter, Jacoby, Kennicutt, Higdon, 437, Astron. 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