DOCSLIB.ORG

Studia 5.2.Qxp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Studia 5.2.Qxp Stvdia Antiqva A Student Journal for the Study of the Ancient World Fall 2007 Volume 5, Number 2 Brigham Young University Provo, Utah Studia Antiqua A Student Journal for the Study of the Ancient World Brigham Young University Editor in Chief Faculty Review Board Daniel O. McClellan Ancient Scripture Dana M. Pike Faculty Adviser Asian and Near Eastern Language Michael D. Rhodes Stephen D. Ricks Church History and Doctrine SANE Faculty Advisor Richard Neitzel Holzapfel Dana M. Pike Classics Norbert H. O. Duckwitz SANE Committee Richard C. Lounsbury Dave Nielsen, President Breanne White, Vice President Svetlana Tamtik, Secretary Joseph Petramalo, Events Seth Kohrman, Historian/Web Lucas Hill, Advertising Printed by Brigham Young University Print Services, December 2007 ISSN: 1540-8787 Financial contributions were made to this volume by the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship, the Ancient Near Eastern Studies program, and the Students of the Ancient Near East. Studia Antiqua is a semiannual student journal dedicated to publishing the research of undergraduate and graduate students from all disciplines of ancient studies at Brigham Young University. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Students of the Ancient Near East, Brigham Young University, or The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Studia Antiqua accepts manuscripts for publication year-round. Manuscripts should be sent to [email protected], and should include a title page with the author’s name, major, and year in school. For submission guidelines and other valuable resources, please visit the SANE website at kennedy.byu.edu/academic/ANES/sane.php. ii Table of Contents Volume 5, Number 2 Fall 2007 Editor’s Preface . iv Articles: Richard Thomas, The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People. 3 Doug Marsh, The Battle of Marathon: The Stunning Victory and Its Contribution to the Rise of Athens. 29 Scott Preston Sukhan Nibley, “Have Ye Inquired of the Lord?” Inquiry Patterns in the Bible and the Book of Mormon. 41 Dave Nielsen, Clement of Rome as Seen through an Apostolic Paradigm. 61 Brief Notes: Avram R. Shannon, The Achaemenid Kings and the Worship of Ahura Mazda: Proto-Zoroastrianism in the Persian Empire. 79 Trevan G. Hatch, Magic, Biblical Law, and the Israelite Urim and Thummim. 87 Justin Soderquist, The Essence of Faith: An Exegetical Analysis of Hebrews 11:1–3. 95 Joseph Petramalo, An Exegetical Look at Genesis 39: Potiphar’s Wife and Joseph. 101 iii Editor’s Preface As this issue of Studia Antiqua goes to press, a small handful of students are making final preparations for the Students of the Ancient Near East Symposium on Apocryphal and Pseudepigraphical Literature, which will take place on Friday, December 7, at 9:00 am in rooms 3211 and 3223 of the Wilkinson Student Center. Some of the presenters received ORCA grants to fund their research and others funded it on their own, but for each of them the symposium represents a unique and special opportunity to present their research in a professional artmosphere. Dr. Daniel C. Peterson, Dr. Gaye Strathearn, and Dr. Stephen D. Ricks will also be presenting at the conference. This is the first issue of Studia Antiqua published under the auspices of the BYU Religious Studies Center. This has been an invaluable resource. Devan Jensen and Dr. Richard Neitzel Holzapfel, with their cadre of editors, have contributed considerably to this issue. Without their expertise this issue would not have been possible. Kent P. Jackson began this semester as our faculty adviser, but his new position as Associate Dean of Religious Education prevented him from dedicating as much time to Studia Antiqua as he felt was necessary. As a result, Michael D. Rhodes has accepted the invitation to become our new faculty advisor. We look forward to the dynamic he will bring to our publication. Also new to the ranks is Dave Nielson, who replaces Justin Watkins as president of SANE. Justin is prepar- ing to enter graduate school at the Catholic University, in Washington, D.C. Dave Nielson is a senior in the Ancient Near Eastern Studies major with a Greek/New Testament emphasis. An article of his can be found on page 95 of this issue. Dave also recently submitted a paper to the Society of Biblical Literature’s regional meeting and won an award for best undergraduate paper. He and I will both be presenting papers at that meeting in Denver. Readers may notice that our format has become somewhat malleable of late. We have been experimenting with different formats, but we feel the present issue represents our most productive blend of professionalism and clarity. The new logo on the cover is a stylized depiction of the Students of the Ancient Near East logo. The oil lamp is intended to symbolize one of the many aspirations of the study of the ancient world: illumination of the past. It is our hope that students of the ancient world will view Studia Antiqua as an opportunity for growth and matura- tion within their respective fields of study and as a forum for that illumination. It is with that in mind that we present the fall 2007 issue of Studia Antiqua. Enjoy. Daniel O. McClellan Editor in Chief iv Articles The Israelite Origins of the Mandaean People Richard Thomas N the banks of the Euphrates River exists a small community of faithful Oknown as the Mandaeans. In their own language, derived from Aramaic, the word mandayye, from which they take their name, means “gnostic.”1 The religious practices of these people, which dominate most aspects of their lives, are the last remaining traces of ancient gnosticism in the world today.2 The origin of the Mandaeans is much debated, and it will be the focus of this paper. The Mandaeans claim that their ancestors came from Judea and originally practiced complex baptismal ordinances, the focal point of their religion, on the Jordan River. They claim that soon after the start of the Common Era, they were persecuted by the Jews and left Palestine, in a mass exodus of around 60,000 individuals, to eventually settle on the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. There they have stayed, according to their oral tradition and their written record, for nearly two millennia. They are relatively few in number (commonly estimated to be less than 15,0003), and they do not seem to have played a very important role in the shaping of world history. However, understanding the origin of this group can lead to a better understanding of the religious makeup and practices of Judea at the dawn of Christianity. In the course of this paper, I will show that there is evidence which links the origin of Mandaeism very closely to Judea and the pre-Christian sectarian, or non-Jewish, sects centered on the Jordan River which preserved the heritage of the preexilic Israelite temple cult. Though I will not be able to conclusively show this to be the case, I believe that the evidence which I will present will show the above stated thesis to be a strong possibility. Richard Thomas graduated from BYU in April 2006 with a degree in history. He is studying Greek and Hebrew and is planning to continue biblical studies in graduate school. 1. Kurt Rudolph, Mandaeism (Lieden: Brill, 1978), 29. 2. Rudolph, Mandaeism, 1. This is considered a fact among all scholars of Mandaeism. 3. Rudolph, Mandaeism, 1. 4 Thomas: Origins of the Mandaean People In order to accomplish this, first I will cover the Mandaeans in general, discussing aspects of their religion, ordinances, record, and tradition. Then I will show how they are Gnostic in origin. I will examine early Christianity, Judaism, and heterodox sectarian Judaism, pointing out aspects of these religions that have parallels in Mandaeism. I will also identify the Nasarenes, the group from which the Mandaeans most probably originated. In order to show the beliefs of these early Mandaeans, I will examine John the Baptist and his group, which likely are the same group as the Nasarenes. Lastly, I will show how aspects of this group tie back into the pre-exilic Israelite temple cult beliefs, and show the possibility that some of the traditions of preexilic Israel were preserved by the Nasarenes. The Mandaeans I have selected to review aspects of Mandaeism which are important both for understanding the religion and for the framework of this paper. It is important to understand their ritual, beliefs, and relationship to other traditions which originated in Judea in order to understand the origins of Mandaeism. Fundamentally, Mandaeans are Gnostics. They claim to have a secret knowledge which makes it possible for their souls, after death, to return to the “Worlds of Light” from whence they came. Their gnosis is manifest in a complex series of sayings, ordinances, and rituals which are absolutely neces- sary for salvation. They have multiple books of scripture which gave them pro- tection as “People of the Book” under Arab rule.4 Primary among these books is the Ginza, which includes creation myths, underworld journeys, the story of Noah, words of wisdom from John the Baptist, doctrinal poetry, and Old Testament history with a Mandaean twist. According to Mandaean scholar J. Buckley, “The Ginza testifies of a fully developed Mandaean Gnosticism.”5 Other important works of literature include the Haran Gawaita, the Book of John, the Liturgies, and other works.6 Though the literature preserves the doc- trines, beliefs, practices, and traditions of the Mandaeans, it exists in a very confused state. Consequently, there has traditionally been reluctance among scholars to use this literature as a historical source.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • {Download PDF} High Five with Julius
    HIGH FIVE WITH JULIUS PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Paul Frank | 10 pages | 24 Feb 2010 | CHRONICLE BOOKS | 9780811871471 | English | California, United States High Five with Julius PDF Book Rate this:. My 3-year-old loved giving each character a high-five and then her hand would linger as she felt the different textures. English On Shelf. How Can We Help? As two-way G-League point guard Kadeem Allen bounced away the final seconds, a large throng of Knicks fans stood up and roared as the club moved to Big Deal, Baby. McGraw Hill. Nice Partner! Randle and others talked about a lack of focus at the morning shootaround Monday. You are commenting using your WordPress. Table of Contents. Universal Conquest Wiki. Smiling this much is so heartwarming! It did the trick. On Shelf. I think focusing primarily on the individual is definitely the first step. A medical study found that fist bumps and high fives spread fewer germs than handshakes. Welcome to another Write a Review Wednesday , a meme started by Tara Lazar as a way to show support to authors of kids literature. Each spread encourages kids to celebrate amazing everyday achievementsfrom sharing their toys to just being themselvesand features a touch-and-feel texture that will keep little ones engaged as they strive to be and do their very best. Redirected from High-five. National High Five Day is a project to give out high fives and is typically held on the third Thursday in April. Categories : introductions American cultural conventions Hand gestures. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use.
    [Show full text]
  • CGI Developer's Guide by Eugene Eric Kim
    CGI Developer's Guide By Eugene Eric Kim Introduction Chapter 1 Common Gateway Interface (CGI) What Is CGI? Caveats Why CGI? Summary Choosing Your Language Chapter 2 The Basics Hello, World! The <form> Tag Dissecting hello.cgi The <input> Tag Hello, World! in C Submitting the Form Outputting CGI Accepting Input from the Browser Installing and Running Your CGI Program Environment Variables Configuring Your Server for CGI GET Versus POST Installing CGI on UNIX Servers Encoded Input Installing CGI on Windows Parsing the Input Installing CGI on the Macintosh A Simple CGI Program Running Your CGI General Programming Strategies A Quick Tutorial on HTML Forms Summary Chapter 3 HTML and Forms A Quick Review of HTML Some Examples HTML Basic Font Tags Comments Form The <head> Tag Ordering Food Forms Voting Booth/Poll The <FORM> Tag Shopping Cart The <INPUT> Tag Map The <SELECT> Tag Summary The <TEXTAREA> Tag Chapter 4 OutPut Revised January 20, 2009 Page 1 of 428 CGI Developer's Guide By Eugene Eric Kim Header and Body: Anatomy of Server Displaying the Current Date Response Server-Side Includes HTTP Headers On-the-Fly Graphics Formatting Output in CGI A "Counter" Example MIME Counting the Number of Accesses Location Text Counter Using Server-Side Includes Status Graphical Counter Other Headers No-Parse Header Dynamic Pages Summary Using Programming Libraries to Code CGI Output Chapter 5 Input Background cgi-lib.pl How CGI Input Works cgihtml Environment Variables Strategies Encoding
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction What’S Race Got to Do with It? Postwar German History in Context
    After the Nazi Racial State: Difference and Democracy in Germany and Europe Rita Chin, Heide Fehrenbach, Geoff Eley, and Atina Grossmann http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=354212 The University of Michigan Press, 2009. Introduction What’s Race Got to Do With It? Postwar German History in Context Rita Chin and Heide Fehrenbach In June 2006, just prior to the start of the World Cup in Germany, the New York Times ran a front-page story on a “surge in racist mood” among Germans attending soccer events and anxious of‹cials’ efforts to discour- age public displays of racism before a global audience. The article led with the recent experience of Nigerian forward Adebowale Ogungbure, who, af- ter playing a match in the eastern German city of Halle, was “spat upon, jeered with racial remarks, and mocked with monkey noises” as he tried to exit the ‹eld. “In rebuke, he placed two ‹ngers under his nose to simulate a Hitler mustache and thrust his arm in a Nazi salute.”1 Although the press report suggested the contrary, the racist behavior directed at Ogungbure was hardly resurgent or unique. Spitting, slurs, and offensive stereotypes have a long tradition in the German—and broader Euro-American—racist repertoire. Ogungbure’s wordless gesture, more- over, gave the lie to racism as a worrisome product of the New Europe or even the new Germany. Rather, his mimicry ef‹ciently suggested continu- ity with a longer legacy of racist brutality reaching back to the Third Reich. In effect, his response to the antiblack bigotry of German soccer fans was accusatory and genealogically precise: it screamed “Nazi!” and la- beled their actions recidivist holdovers from a fanatical fascist past.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Automated Region Extraction from Thermal Images for Peripheral Vascular Disease Monitoring
    Hindawi Journal of Healthcare Engineering Volume 2018, Article ID 5092064, 14 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5092064 Research Article Automated Region Extraction from Thermal Images for Peripheral Vascular Disease Monitoring Jean Gauci ,1 Owen Falzon ,1 Cynthia Formosa ,2 Alfred Gatt ,2 Christian Ellul,2 Stephen Mizzi ,2 Anabelle Mizzi ,2 Cassandra Sturgeon Delia,3 Kevin Cassar,3 Nachiappan Chockalingam ,4 and Kenneth P. Camilleri 1 1Centre for Biomedical Cybernetics, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta 2Department of Podiatry, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta 3Department of Surgery, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta 4Faculty of Health Sciences, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire ST4 2DE, UK Correspondence should be addressed to Jean Gauci; [email protected] Received 18 June 2018; Revised 26 October 2018; Accepted 15 November 2018; Published 13 December 2018 Guest Editor: Orazio Gambino Copyright © 2018 Jean Gauci et al. )is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. )is work develops a method for automatically extracting temperature data from prespecified anatomical regions of interest from thermal images of human hands, feet, and shins for the monitoring of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients. Binarisation, morphological operations, and geometric transformations are applied in cascade to automatically extract the required data from 44 predefined regions of interest. )e implemented algorithms for region extraction were tested on data from 395 participants. A correct extraction in around 90% of the images was achieved. )e process of automatically extracting 44 regions of interest was performed in a total computation time of approximately 1 minute, a substantial improvement over 10 minutes it took for a corresponding manual extraction of the regions by a trained individual.
    [Show full text]
  • Drome De ROSENTHAL (II) 14944 Rc)SSLE's Syndrome
    ROSSLE'S 14944-14967 Saccharomyces halluzinatorisches Angst-Syndrom) / syn­ 14954 rules, pregnancy control / Schwanger­ drome de ROSENTHAL (II) schaftskontrollregeln f (1. moglichst nicht 14944 Rc)SSLE'S syndrome / ROSSLE' Syndrom (Se­ invasiv [Ultraschall], 2. nur mit kurzlebigen xogener Kleinwuchs) / nanisme sexoge­ Radionukliden, vor allem zur Diagnose der nique Nieren- und Plazentafunktion, erst ab 3. 14945 rotation, chromosomal / Rotation, chromo­ Trimenon [JANISCH]) / regles de controle de somale f (in Bivalenten mit Chiasma zwi­ grossesse f schen Diplotan und Diakinese eintretende 14955 rules, sense for / Gefuhl fur Regeln n Formverandrung) / rotation chromosomi­ (psych.) / regles, sens pour m quef 14956 ruling forecast; science forecasting / Richtli­ 14946 round pronator syndrome / Pronator-teres­ nienprognose; Wissenschaftsprognose f / Syndrom (Schwache in den langen Finger­ prevision directrice; prevision scientifique f beugem) / syndrome de pronateur rond 14957 rumors / Geriichte n (konnen aus Traumen 14947 ROVIRALTA'S syndrome / ROVIRALTA' Syn­ entstehen) / rumeurs f drom (Pylorusstenose und Hiatushemie 14958 running, dancing / Laufen, tanzerisches n mit Magenektopie beim Saugling) / syn­ (tagliches ohne Leistungsdruck bis zur Er­ drome phrenopylorique (ROVIRALTA) miidung, besser als Radfahren, Schwim­ 14948 ROWLEY'S syndrome / ROWLEY' Syndrom men, Reiten, halt aerobe Kapazitat kon­ (SchwerhOrigkeit mit Halsfisteln) / syn­ stant, eroffnet Kollateralen und vermehrt drome de ROWLEY Zahl und GroBe der Mitochondrien) / cou­ 14949 ROWLEy-ROSENBERG syndrome / ROWLEY­ rir dansant m ROSENBERG' Syndrom (Gestorte Riickab­ 14959 rupture of the bladder / Blaseruptur f(klin. sorption fast aller Aminosauren) / syn­ Leitsymptom: blutige Dysurie; sichre Dia­ drome de ROWLEy-ROSENBERG gnose: Zystographie mit Kontrastmittel, 14950 rubb~~g, emotional/ Reibung, emotionale f wenn nicht moglich, Probelaparotomie und (bei UbervOlkrung groBres Problem als bei jeder gesicherten Ruptur sofortige Op.
    [Show full text]
  • Animatronic Wireless Hand
    ANIMATRONIC WIRELESS HAND A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by J. JANET M. KAVITHA R. KIRAN CHANDER in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI-89 ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI-600 025 APRIL 2019 ii ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report “ANIMATRONIC WIRELESS HAND” is the bonafide work of “J.JANET (310615105030), M.KAVITHA (310615105033) and R.KIRAN CHANDER (310615105035)” who carried out the project work under my supervision. SIGNATURE SIGNATURE Dr.E.KALIAPPAN,M.Tech., Ph.D., Ms.B.PONKARTHIKA,M.E., HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND DEPARTMENT OF ELECRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE EASWARI ENGINEERING COLLEGE RAMAPURAM - 600089 RAMAPURAM – 600089 Submitted for the University examination held for project work at Easwari Engineering College on ……………………… INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our sincere thanks to our respected chairman, Dr. R. SHIVAKUMAR, M.D., Ph.D., for providing us with requisite infrastructure throughout the course. We would like to express our sincere thanks to our beloved Principal Dr. K. KATHIRAVAN, M.Tech., Ph.D., for his encouragement. We are highly indebted to the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering for providing all the facilities for the successful completion of the project. With a deep sense of gratitude, we would like to sincerely thank our Head of the Department Dr.E.KALIAPPAN, M.Tech., Ph.D., for his constant support, encouragement and valuable guidance for our project work. We are extremely grateful to our project supervisor Ms.B.PONKARTHIKA M.E., Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering for her consent guidance, suggestions and kind help in bringing out this project within scheduled time frame.
    [Show full text]
  • HTTP: IIS "Propfind" Rem HTTP:IIS:PROPFIND Minor Medium
    HTTP: IIS "propfind"HTTP:IIS:PROPFIND RemoteMinor DoS medium CVE-2003-0226 7735 HTTP: IkonboardHTTP:CGI:IKONBOARD-BADCOOKIE IllegalMinor Cookie Languagemedium 7361 HTTP: WindowsHTTP:IIS:NSIISLOG-OF Media CriticalServices NSIISlog.DLLcritical BufferCVE-2003-0349 Overflow 8035 MS-RPC: DCOMMS-RPC:DCOM:EXPLOIT ExploitCritical critical CVE-2003-0352 8205 HTTP: WinHelp32.exeHTTP:STC:WINHELP32-OF2 RemoteMinor Buffermedium Overrun CVE-2002-0823(2) 4857 TROJAN: BackTROJAN:BACKORIFICE:BO2K-CONNECT Orifice 2000Major Client Connectionhigh CVE-1999-0660 1648 HTTP: FrontpageHTTP:FRONTPAGE:FP30REG.DLL-OF fp30reg.dllCritical Overflowcritical CVE-2003-0822 9007 SCAN: IIS EnumerationSCAN:II:IIS-ISAPI-ENUMInfo info P2P: DC: DirectP2P:DC:HUB-LOGIN ConnectInfo Plus Plus Clientinfo Hub Login TROJAN: AOLTROJAN:MISC:AOLADMIN-SRV-RESP Admin ServerMajor Responsehigh CVE-1999-0660 TROJAN: DigitalTROJAN:MISC:ROOTBEER-CLIENT RootbeerMinor Client Connectmedium CVE-1999-0660 HTTP: OfficeHTTP:STC:DL:OFFICEART-PROP Art PropertyMajor Table Bufferhigh OverflowCVE-2009-2528 36650 HTTP: AXIS CommunicationsHTTP:STC:ACTIVEX:AXIS-CAMERAMajor Camerahigh Control (AxisCamControl.ocx)CVE-2008-5260 33408 Unsafe ActiveX Control LDAP: IpswitchLDAP:OVERFLOW:IMAIL-ASN1 IMail LDAPMajor Daemonhigh Remote BufferCVE-2004-0297 Overflow 9682 HTTP: AnyformHTTP:CGI:ANYFORM-SEMICOLON SemicolonMajor high CVE-1999-0066 719 HTTP: Mini HTTP:CGI:W3-MSQL-FILE-DISCLSRSQL w3-msqlMinor File View mediumDisclosure CVE-2000-0012 898 HTTP: IIS MFCHTTP:IIS:MFC-EXT-OF ISAPI FrameworkMajor Overflowhigh (via
    [Show full text]
  • Schweizer / WS 09/10 - 1 - 18
    Schweizer / WS 09/10 - 1 - 18. Feb. 2011 Schweizer / WS 09/10 - 2 - 18. Feb. 2011 Pragmatik I - Beschreibung von 1. Impulse zur Arbeitsfeldumschreibung 1.1 Sprachkritik als Ideologiekritik: "Im Interesse..." Text, Ko-Text und situativem Kontext 1.2 Wortsinn und Kommunikationssituation: Kaspar Hauser 1.3 Stilistik, Rhetorik - Regeln zur Textgestaltung? 1.4 Segmentierung einer Kommunikation: top down: A users gram- - Harald Schweizer - mar 1.5 Streit unter ComputerlinguistInnen: top down oder bottom Di 17-19 Uhr Sand 6, Hs 2 up? 1.6 Wortformen-Syntax vs. kontextbezogene Semantik (TG) = eigen- ständige Strukturen: Poet K. Marti Unter: http://www-ct.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/index.htm LEH- 1.7 Schrittweise Enthüllung der gemeinten Bedeutung: Wertungen RE LEHRANGEBOT ist dieses file (Gliederung/Literaturliste/Mate- 1.8 Politische Semantik: Vordenker 1.9 Theoretische Aufarbeitung rialien) zugänglich 1.91 Definitionsversuch 1.92 Einbeziehung nicht-sprachlicher Botschaften 1.93 Kommunikationsmodell - etwas verändert 1.94 GRICE: Implikatur (im Gegensatz zu Implikation) Fakultät für Informations- und Kognitionswissenschaften 1.95 Implikation (im Gegensatz zu Implikatur) 1.96 Besteht eine Grammatik aus Regeln? Arbeitsbereich Textwissenschaft 1.97 Versuch einer Zusammenfassung 2. Kontextbildende Elementare Mechanismen/textgrammatisch 2.1 Überprüfung der Prädikatbedeutungen 2.11 "Echte" Prädikate = Außenweltveränderungen, persönlich zure- Sand 13 chenbar, nicht lediglich Ortsveränderung 2.12 Illokutionssignale 72076 Tübingen 2.13 Interpretamente (Adjunktion) [email protected] 2.14 Weitgefaßter Terminus "Modalverb" 2.15 Deixis: Topologie/Chronologie Fon: 29-75248 2.16 Weitere Rezeptionssteuerungen Fax: 29-5060 2.2 Kontextbildung im Wortsinn 2.3 Revision der semantischen Prädikation: tg Verschiebung 2.4 Textdeiktische Elemente: Anaphern/Kataphern Sprechstunden: Mi 11-13 (bzw.
    [Show full text]
  • “In the Name of the Holy Trinity”: Examining Credibility Under Anarchy Through 250 Years of Treaty-Making
    \In The Name of the Holy Trinity": Examining Credibility Under Anarchy Through 250 Years of Treaty-Making Krzysztof Pelcy November 2019, Prepared for IPES 2019 Abstract Where does the binding force of international treaties come from? This article considers three centuries of international peace treaties to chart how signatories have sought to convince one another of the viability of their commitments. I show how one means of doing so was by invoking divine authority: treaty violations were punished by divine sanction in heaven and excommunication on earth. Anarchy, \the fundamental assumption of international politics," is commonly defined as \the absence of a supreme power." Yet an examination of peace treaties from the 1600s onwards suggests that for much of the post-Westphalian era, sovereigns would not have envisioned themselves as operating under anarchy. Rather, they strategically invoked divine authority to add credibility to their commitments. Signatories facing a high probability of war are seen relying more heavily on invocations of divine authority. Strikingly, treaties that invoke divine authority then show a greater conflict-abating effect. Using automated text analysis of two thousand peace, commerce, and navigation treaties spanning 250 years, I show how treaty performance was affected when signatories lost the ability to invoke the divine as a means of binding themselves. God appears to be statistically significant. yDepartment of Political Science, McGill University, [email protected]. 1 Introduction \The Ratification of the
    [Show full text]
  • Author Guidelines for 8
    HAND GESTURE RECOGNITION USING A SKELETON-BASED FEATURE REPRESENTATION WITH A RANDOM REGRESSION FOREST Shaun Canavan, Walter Keyes, Ryan Mccormick, Julie Kunnumpurath, Tanner Hoelzel, and Lijun Yin Binghamton University ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose a method for automatic hand gesture recognition using a random regression forest with a novel set of feature descriptors created from skeletal data acquired from the Leap Motion Controller. The efficacy of our proposed approach is evaluated on the publicly available University of Padova Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion dataset, as well as 24 letters of the English alphabet in American Sign Language. The letters that are dynamic (e.g. j and z) are not evaluated. Using a random regression forest Figure 1. Proposed gesture recognition overview. to classify the features we achieve 100% accuracy on the University of Padova Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion and because of this it is natural to use this camera for hand dataset. We also constructed an in-house dataset using the gesture recognition. The Leap skeletal tracking model gives 24 static letters of the English alphabet in ASL. A us access to the following information that we use to create classification rate of 98.36% was achieved on this dataset. our feature descriptors; (1) palm center; (2) hand direction We also show that our proposed method outperforms the (3) fingertip positions; (4) total number of fingers (extended current state of the art on the University of Padova and non-extended); and (5) finger pointing directions. Using Microsoft Kinect and Leap Motion dataset. this information from the Leap we propose six new feature descriptors which include (1) extended finger binary Index Terms— Gesture, Leap, ASL, recognition representation; (2) max finger range; (3) total finger area; (4) finger length-width ratio; and (5-6) finger directions and 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Communication Practices in Forest Environmental Education Elizabeth Dickinson
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Communication ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 6-25-2010 Constructing, Consuming, and Complicating the Human-Nature Binary: Communication Practices in Forest Environmental Education Elizabeth Dickinson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cj_etds Recommended Citation Dickinson, Elizabeth. "Constructing, Consuming, and Complicating the Human-Nature Binary: Communication Practices in Forest Environmental Education." (2010). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cj_etds/13 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONSTRUCTING, CONSUMING, AND COMPLICATING THE HUMAN-NATURE BINARY: COMMUNICATION PRACTICES IN FOREST ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BY ELIZABETH A. DICKINSON B.A., Communication Studies, California State University, San Bernardino, 1996 M.A., Communication Studies, New Mexico State University, 1998 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Communication The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May, 2010 iii DEDICATION This project is dedicated to my two inspirations over the last year and a half—my young precious niece, Audrey K. Dickinson, and the beautiful forests with whom I spent so much time. May you flourish and guide us through our challenging and ever-changing human ways. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful and indebted to those who made this project a great joy. This experience was significant due to the relationships I forged, with people and nature alike. In keeping with a theme in this project, I use the “parts of a tree” as a metaphor to recognize the individuals who made my journey memorable.
    [Show full text]
  • Numbering Systems a Number Is a Basic Unit of Mathematics. Numbers
    Numbering Systems A number is a basic unit of mathematics. Numbers are used for counting, measuring, and comparing amounts. A numeral system is a set of symbols, or numerals, that are used to represent numbers. The most common number system uses 10 symbols called digits—0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9—and combinations of these digits. Numeral systems are classified by base. Base 2 - Binary Base 10 - Decimal Base 8 - Octal Base 16 - Hexadecimal base is the number of unique digits, including zero, that a numeral system uses to represent numbers. For example, for the decimal system the base is ten, because it uses the ten digits from 0 through 9. A base is rather simple to understand. The base is simply The highest value a position can reach in the system. Binary • Binary is a mathematical numbering system which is used a lot in computer science and used also for our mobile phones. Binary follows a system of base-2 numeral system, which is represented by two symbols; 1 and 0. • Digital systems such as digital clocks and phone signals, use binary. • Binary can be used to do mathematical calculations, basic calculations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication can be done as shown below. Addition Subtraction Multiplication • 1 + 1 = 0 (remainder 1 that • 0 - 0 = 0 • 0 x 0 = 0 is carried over to the next • 1 - 0 = 1 • 0 x 1 = 0 column) • 1 - 1 = 0 • 1 x 0 = 0 • 1 + 0 = 1 • 0 - 1 = 1 with a borrow from the • 1 x 1 = 1 • 0 + 0 = 0 next column Finger Binary Finger binary is a method created that allows you to count and show binary numbers using the fingers on your hands.
    [Show full text]