POLITECNICO DI TORINO Repository ISTITUZIONALE
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
POLITECNICO DI TORINO Repository ISTITUZIONALE The socio-spatial relations of innovative artistic production in Piedmont and Liguria Original The socio-spatial relations of innovative artistic production in Piedmont and Liguria / Pazzola, GIAN GAVINO. - (2019 Mar 22), pp. 1-213. Availability: This version is available at: 11583/2731328 since: 2019-04-19T11:48:40Z Publisher: Politecnico di Torino Published DOI:10.6092/polito/porto/2731328 Terms of use: openAccess This article is made available under terms and conditions as specified in the corresponding bibliographic description in the repository Publisher copyright (Article begins on next page) 04 August 2020 Doctoral Dissertation Doctoral Program in Urban and Regional Development (30th Cycle) The socio-spatial relations of innovative artistic production in Piedmont and Liguria Gian Gavino Pazzola * * * * * * Supervisors Prof. Carlo Salone.,Supervisor Prof. Giovanna Segre, Co-Supervisor Doctoral Examination Committee: Prof. Phil Jones, Referee, University of Birmingham Prof. Elsa Vivant, Referee, University of Paris-Est Prof. Enrico Eraldo Bertacchini, Member, Università di Torino Prof. José Luis Molina, Member, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Prof. Davide Ponzini, Member, Politecnico di Milano Politecnico di Torino February 23, 2019 This thesis is licensed under a Creative Commons License, Attribution - Non- commercial - No Derivative Works 4.0 International: see www.creativecommons.org. The text may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes, provided that credit is given to the original author. I hereby declare that, the contents and organisation of this dissertation constitute my own original work and does not compromise in any way the rights of third parties, including those relating to the security of personal data. ………………………………..... Gian Gavino Pazzola Turin, February, 2019 2 Summary Over the years, creativity has been shown as a central concept for urban regeneration strategies and economic development plans. Arts and culture have become important drivers for economic growth and social inclusion, and several local policymakers have been attracted by culture-led urban development to stimulate places attractiveness. After almost thirty years of applications, the “creative city” and “creative class” concepts have been deeply studied, revealing interesting results as well as unwelcome surprises. In the meantime, “supporters” of this development scheme looked at opportunities represented by real-estate operations in urban renewals of abandoned and/or underused areas, with growing attention to self-entrepreneurial dynamics in cities’ labour market, more and more oriented to be characterized by creative people in action. In order to take advantage of these opportunities two factors should be ensured: the presence of investments of big companies available to settle their headquarters in the cities and, second, the existence of people attracted by the vibrant and positive environment in which they could live and work. On the other hand, strong critiques have been issued toward neoliberal dynamics embodied by the conceptual framework of the culture-led urban development schemes. If on the one hand a rhetoric has been developed to promote coolness and liveability of places and richness and freedom for workers, on the other hand scholars put their attention on gentrification processes, spatial inequalities, gender disparities and so on. Influenced by past industrial development schemes, economic and urban policies have been often developed referring to “creative clusters” and “cultural districts” as the main spatial unit of analysis, but several artistic practices work not only at the local scale involving actors within networks at different spatial levels. In this sense, our point of view about the innovative production process could be shifted, no more bounded in place but developed within a “space” that is generated through relations. The aim of this research is the analysis of the spatiality of social relations in contemporary innovative arts and cultural organizations and the pathways in which, through individual networks, they can exchange knowledge, information, and services with actors located in some other place. In this way, we could stress the mainstream conception of culture-led urban development with three objectives. First, we will observe independent cultural production as an emerging cultural system, i.e. those ecologies of creative workers and producers living in cities operating outside of (but more and more in collaboration with) institutional or market-oriented levels, taking into consideration their spaces and conditions. Second, we will investigate how rhizomatic and viral spaces such as networks, rather than fixed clusters, could influence the exchange of knowledge and resources in contemporary innovative cultural production. Considered the transient and fluid nature of artistic practices, we support the axiom that networks are a more appropriate spatial context within which creative projects can be practiced. Finally, adopting a micro-spatial theoretical approach, we will develop focus groups, surveys, and interviews with the aim of studying art innovators via social network analysis and individual network analysis methodologies. With the first attempt, we will reconstruct dynamics working inside a specific group of cultural organizations (winner of Bando ORA! – the first grant-in-aid in Italy oriented to support innovative artistic productions). Secondly, we rebuilt individual narratives for each actor, underlying nature and contents of the relations that have taken place inside the team-work. In this way, we are able to evaluate how geographical and cognitive proximity works inside innovative art production. In addition, several cultural organizations based in Birmingham (UK) have been interviewed to match findings with the Piedmont and Liguria context as a control measure of the research results. 1 2 Acknowledgment And I would like to acknowledge the essential contribution to this work by: Paola Borrione and Alessio Re from Silvia Santagata Research Centre for the Economics of Culture (CSS-EBLA), Turin - Italy; Francesca Gambetta from Compagnia di San Paolo Foundation, Turin - Italy; Catterina Seia from Fitzcarraldo Foundation, Turin - Italy; Prof. Giovanni Semi and Prof. Carlo Genova, Turin - Italy; Prof. Lidia De Candia, Alghero and Rome - Italy; Prof. Giovanni Attili, Rome - Italy; Bertram Niessen, researcher at Che Fare, Milan – Italy; Stefano Ragazzo and Giuseppe Grant, architects at Orizzontale Studio, Rome – Italy; Ugo Pitozzi, artistic director at Monferrarti – Italy; Girolamo Lucania, choreographer at OFF Topic Theatre, Turin – Italy; Matteo Casari, artistic director at Disorder Drama, Genova – Italy; Lucia Carolina De Rienzo, project manager at COORPI, Turin – Italy; Daniela Persico, curator at FilmIdee, Milan – Italy; Alessandro Stellino, movie director at FilmIdee, Milan – Italy; Andrea Graziano, designer, Turin – Italy; Vanessa Vozzo, artist and researcher at MultiDams e CIRMA, Turin – Italy; Michela Sacchetto, curator at Art.Ur, Cuneo, – Italy; Daniele Ninnarello, dancers and choreographer, Turin – Italy; Martina Angelotti, artistic director at CAREOF, Milan – Italy; Tiziana Casapietra, director at Museo della Ceramica, Savona – Italy; Luisa Perlo, curator at A.titolo, Turin – Italy; Luana Gravina, project manager at Docabout, Turin – Italy; Fabio Ferrero, project manager at Trentesimo, Turin – Italy; Gabriele Beddoes, choreographer, Naples – Italy; Lorenzo Facchinelli and Mara Ferrieri, performers, Trento – Italy; Valerio Del Baglivo, independent curator, Rome and Turin – Italy, and also Cheryl Jones, art director at Gran Union, Birmingham – UK; Ruth Claxton, artist and curator at East Side Project, Birmingham – UK; Antonio Roberts, curator at Vivid Project, Birmingham – UK; Karina Cabanikova and Stanislaw Malecki, director and curator at Centrala Art Space, Birmingham – UK; Anca Benera and Arnold Estefan, artists, Birmingham – UK; Anna Parker, architect at Intervention Architecture; Trevor Pitt, artist and art director at A3 Project Space. I would like to express my gratitude to the Institution of the Politecnico and Università of Turin for providing me the opportunity to grow with this PhD Program, and to attend enlightening courses, such as delivered by Professor Paolo Giaccaria, Professor Luigi Buzzacchi, Professor Carlo Salone, Professor Ugo Rossi and Professor Ugo Mela. My sincere thanks also go to Professor Phil Jones, who provided me the great opportunity to join their faculty as Visiting Researcher, at the School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Birmingham, UK. Her precious support has been crucial to the development of this work. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to Prof. Sara Bonini Baraldi, Politecnico of Turin, Prof. Zoran Djukanovic, Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade – Serbia; Prof. Alessandro Plaisant, Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Università of Sassari – Italy; Prof. Enrico Bertacchini, Department of Economics, Università of Turin – Italy; and Dr. Erblin Berisha, Dr. Anna Paola Quaglia and Camilla Guadalupi, Politecnico of Turin, – Italy; Dr. Irene Marti, Université de Neuchâtel – CH; Dr. Marianna Nigra, Politecnico of Turin; and Dr. Phil Emmerson, University of Birmingham – UK; and Dr. Agim Kërçuku, Politecnico of Milan for providing me useful insights and food for thoughts. I wish to thank also Bruno Cattari, Francesco e Gonare Marongiu, Gianni