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Rogerley Mine, UK Andrzej's Pocket

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Rogerley Mine, UK Andrzej's Pocket MINERALS ISSUE 2 THE COLLECTORS NEWSPAPER 2011 # INTRODUCTION . o t Strzegom (Lower Silesia, Poland) is o Andrzej’s Pocket h a classic European locality famous for p l i v pegmatites, which host collector-quality o c crystals growing in miarolitic cavities . S . J Pegmatites occur here in Carboniferous – a great new find! age granite intrusions . Pockets occur fre - quently , but the vast majority of them In this issue also: Tomasz PRASZKIER lack quality specimens . There are over 40 active quarries in the area, and with such a large amount of mining it is amaz - Collector interview: . ing that good pockets are found only o t o once or twice a year. The pockets vary in Jolyon Ralph (UK) h p size from a few centimeters to a few me - r e This time our inteview is again h ters , and crystal size can vary corre - s i with a very famous person – the cre - F spondingly. Smoky quartz crystals can . ator of mindat.org – Jolyon Ralph J reach 1 m in length, and high quality flu - from the UK. Jolyon is well known as orite crystals are known up to 20 cm! a webmaster but not many people In April 2009, one of the Spirifer know that he is a long time collector Geological Society members who lives in who has done a lot of field collecting... Strzegom town noticed an interesting pegmatite body in one of the quarries Tomasz Praszkier (Minerals): (Wekom II, near Kostrza ). Andrzej Jolyon, as creator of the world’s Korzekwa is a mineral fanatic, and im - biggest mineral database – Min - mediately started exploring the peg - dat.org, you are very well known matite , finding several small cavities . to most mineral collectors, miner - He was able to collect 2 very good qual - alogists, and museum curators. ity fluorites (see first photo on page 10) However, I don ’t know how many in addition to many feldspars, epidotes, people know that apart from being stilbites, and quartz specimens. Unfor - a computer “geek ”, you are also a tunately , this part of the quarry was mineral collector who spends his abandoned soon after discovery of the free time field collecting in mines and quarries. Tell us how your in - Fluorite with albite, microcline and sti lbite, 6.5 cm w ide. Fisher/Kureczka collection. Continiued on page 14 terest in minerals started? Jolyon Ralph: I was five years old, . on a family holiday in Cornwall – the o t o first holiday I can remember any - h p l thing about. I was with my dad on the i Rogerley Mine, UK v o beach at Tintagel and we were pick - c S . ing up stones to skim across the J waves, but there were few stones that were the right shape. I picked up one – mining for fluorites larger stone, and it had some ... Read on page 17 Jesse FISHER INTRODUCTION site, well-crystallized specimens of fluo - rite which exhibit a strong daylight The Northern Pennine Orefield has fluorescence . Fluorite specimens from been for many centuries an important Weardale mines now grace most major source of lead, industrial fluorite, and, to mineral collections world-wide. a lesser extent, zinc, iron, and barium By the early 1990s, large-scale com - ores. The earliest records of mining date mercial mining was in serious decline from the 12 th century, with the high point throughout the Weardale area along with of lead mining occurring in the 18 th and the rest of the UK. As a result, the supply 19 th centuries, followed by a rise in of crystallized mineral specimens for the th . fluorspar production during the late 19 collectors’ market as a byproduct of min - Fluorite, 7 cm high, fro m Blue Bell Pocket, o t th o through late 20 centuries. Mineral spec - ing has largely ceased. Those that do Rogerley mine. Photographed in daylight . h p Spirifer collection. l imens have long been a byproduct of make it to market these days are for the i v o these mining operations. Known locally most part recovered by weekend collec - c S as “bonnie bits, ” they have been brought tors using hand tools or recycled out of of fluorite specimens over the past . J from the mines as curiosities by miners, old collections. The one notable excep - 40 years. To this day, the Rogerley is and can stil be seen decorating some tion to this has been the Rogerley Mine. unique as it is the only mine in the UK Editors: yards and walls in the dale. First discovered by local mineral collec - that has been developed solely for the re - Tomasz Praszkier (Poland) The Weardale area is particularly tors around 1970, the Rogerley Mine has covery of crystallized mineral speci - Scott Werschky (USA) noted for the production of many exqui - produced a more-or-less steady stream mens. Associated photographer: Jeff Scovil (USA) Contact: www.SpiriferMinerals.com [email protected] 2 ROGERLEY (UK) MINING ... MINERALS ISSUE 2 – # LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY Weeaardalerdale The Rogerley Mine (54° 44’16.75”N, Allenheads Allenheads aarere a 1°59’3.16”W) is located in the eastern Grooverake portion of the Weardale district, County Glasgow Frazer’s Hush Durham, Northern England. Weardale Rookhope (“dale ” is the local name for a river val - Burtree Pasture Newcastle Boltsburn ley) runs East-West, following the course of the River Wear, beginning at the bor - Belfast Cowshill Blackdene der between the counties of Durham and Cambokeels Stanhope Liverpool Cumbria near Alston Moor and continu - Dublin Heights Ireland ing eastward for more than 30 kilome - UK Rogerley ters, past the town of Wolsingham. While St. John’s Chapel Frosterley the area was at one time heavily Greenlaws Eastgate forested, much of this was cleared cen - London turies ago, and the region is now pre - 2 km dominantly open moorland divided by stone walls and the occasional stone cot - Map of UK with location of Weardale area, and inset showing the Rogerley and other important Weardale mines. tage. Inhabited towns and villages, for the most part, occupy the valley floor, The quarry was originally operated dur - a series of old waste piles which are now lel to the bedding and often partially or and Stanhope is the center of commer - ing the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries heavily overgrown on the south side of completely collapsed and invariably cial activity for the valley. Located a few as a source of limestone flux for local the quarry. filled with a very thick, sticky mud that kilometers to the north of Stanhope is iron foundries that once operated in the has infiltrated the cavities, likely brought the picturesque village of Rookhope, area. There is no evidence that the GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION which was formerly the center of much quarry was ever worked for lead or of the local mining activity. fluorspar, which were considered impu - The mineral deposits of the North The Rogerley Mine is situated rities in the limestone. When encoun - Pennine Orefield are hosted by the Car - within an abandoned quarry of the same tered by the quarrymen, the galena and boniferous-age sedimentary rocks (lime - name, just east of the town of Stanhope. fluorite appear to have been discarded in stones, sandstones, and shales) that make up the North Pennine Mountains in this part of northern England. Located near the top of the sequence of sedimen - tary rocks is a unit known as the “Great Limestone, ” which has been found to contain the majority of well-developed horizontal, metasomatic replacements, known locally as “flats ” in the Weardale region. Found within the Great Lime - stone are three horizons at which the Eastern Rogerley quarry, view from Ro - flats typically occur. These are known as gerley mine. J. Gajowniczek photo. the Low, Middle, and High Flats Hori - zons. The High Flats Horizon is usually in by meteoric waters subsequent to for - most strongly mineralized of the three mation of the flats. and has historically been the source of The habit of Rogerley fluorite is much of the high-quality fluorite speci - always cubic, and crystals under 3 cm mens for which the Weardale area is in size typically exhibit penetration known. twinning on [111], and are often quite The Rogerley Mine follows a series transparent. Crystals larger than 3 of vertical fracture-filled vein and asso - cm are typically not twinned and are Weardale landscape. J. Fisher photo. ciated metasomatic flats. These miner - mostly opaque. Growth hillocks with four alized zones are part of the North vicinal faces are common on the cube Pennines Orefield, which is a typical Mis - faces of twinned crystals and appear sissippi Valley Type ore deposit. The to emanate from the point where the Weardale area appears to have been the center of mineralization in the orefield, spreading out into the adjacent areas of Teesdale to the south, Allendale and Northumberland to the north, and the Al - ston Moor region of Cumbria to the west. The majority of the workings at the Rogerley Mine are developed following the main vein, known as the Greenbank Vein, which trends northward from its exposure in the Rogerley Quarry. The main adit of the underground mine has One of the many remains of mining activity in Weardale – ore carts in Allenheads, been driven following the vein within the today used as decoration of garden. J. Gajowniczek photo. High Flats Horizon. While crystal-lined cavities occaisionally occur within the vein itself, the best quality specimens have been found in the flats that can occur on both the east and west sides of the vein at this horizon.
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