AN OUTL IN E OF AN C IEN T HIST ORY

THE R E S UL T OF CLASS R OOM W OR K

N a' V SI PERCY Rf HADW K A C C M . I , .

INSTR UCTOR IN HISTORY IN

THE PHIL L IPS EXETE R ACADEMY

F OUR TH E DITION

EXETERpN . H. tw 1 QIiJe x ‘iaetnsfllt t 191 1 55 1 922 ABBREVIATIONS

o Hist or of A r c i G. , G odspeed , y the ncient Wo ld referen e be ng i to the sect on .

’ ' Bury refers to Bury s History of Greece (one volume edition) .

’ Fowle r refers to Fowler s Rome (Home University Library) .

7 ' J on e s refers t o Jones 5 Roma n Empire

The outline map references are to the Ivanhoe Historical Note ” Book Series (Ancient History) . The map work is based on ’ ' Sanborn s Classical Atlas abbreviated as also ' Rothe rt i k . , Karten und S zzen

o ri ht 1 2 2 C py g , 9

' B E A . M. y S. P RCY R . CH DWICK, A

' CIA6 58 8 1 3

MAR

M O THE EAR LY EASTER N CIVILIZ ATIONS

— il - Eu Th e La d a n d th e P o l . h N e 1 . n e p e T e and Tigris phr a t e s valleys . Inundations . Egypt . Syria . Mesopotamia .

- mi mi I o E r A . Ha tes , Se tes , nd u opea ns or ryans Semitic peoples i i l E d . or gina home . gyptians a mixe race Surround ng peoples

- - El mi H P . G . I a . a tes , ittites , Medo ersians 5

i — B n s of E t . N U 2 . eg ning gyp omes ; pper and Lower Egypt ;

- Pharaoh Menes ; dynasties . G . 6 7 .

- ld Kin d om hi 2 80 2 B . C . s . O M M 3 g ( emp s) , 9 47 5 , ene ; fourth d ynasty hi gh est prosperity ; pyra mid s (Kh ufu) ; c entr a l hi iz e d o m t . b . . 1 . g vern en Collapse of Memp s ; rise of The es G 7 , 3

- d d l Ki d om h b 2 1 6 0 1 88 B . C . f h 4 . Mi e ng (T e es) , 7 , twel t d ynasty greatest ; c ontact with oth er pe ople s (Cret e) ; Ethi opia

l o s f d l - sub d d n d lo . 8 . u e ; inter a impr vement ; eu a ism eve ped . G 9 With the e n d of the twelf th dynasty ( 1 788) came confusion a n d k il . I H b 1 6 civ war nvasion of the y sos , who ruled from (a out) 7 5

d b - to 1 57 5 when expelle y native Theban princes . G . 3 5 36 .

f — - i B in n in s o B b lo . C k d 5. eg g a y n ity ng oms strove for su pre m a cy : a t fir st the Sumerians dominated ; later the rule of A S I d A d b gade ( argon ) , capital of the lan of cca ; again a out

2 3 00 Sumerians ruled (Ur) . Nippur . Kings of B abylon formed

- P . . G . 1 0 1 . . a strong union 4 late III , p 53 9

ir 6 . F st B abyloni a n Em pire espe cially Hamm urabi (ab out

la w d fir i hi G . 1 his co e ; extent of the st emp re in story . 5, h . 60 . T e K C m . G map p assite invasion o merce . . 1 6 . Decline

- b 1 600 B . C . . and fall of the empire a out G 1 6 1 7 .

E i — 7 . gypt a n a n d B abyl oni an Cultur e O c cupati ons : import ance of agricultur e ; industries ; B abyloni an brickm aki n g ; com

' - 0 merce . G . 1 8 2 . O rga n i zati on of society : king ; n obility 4: AN OUTLINE or GRE EK AN D ROMAN HISTORY

2 (feu dalism) ; priests ; common people ; slaves ; merchants . G . 1

mil . . 2 . the b a sis of . G . 2 . b 2 3 . Law society 4 The fa y ond G 5 Literature : hi eroglyphi c (R osetta stone) and cuneiform writing

- l lif . . . II . 1 . n n 0 . V . . 2 6 2 ture G 9 Plate , p 54 Ma er of dai y e G 3 hi t u a l P . o . c e c : I . . A Plate V, p 539 late V , p , 54 r t re materi s ;

S cul ur : i a l mi . . 1 . temples , pa aces , pyra ds G 3 pt e convent on l

P . 0 . S c c s : bu t im . . 2 . VI pressive G 3 late , p 54 ien e astronomy and the calendar ; mathematics a n d mechan i cs ; medi cine . G . 33 . R e ligi on : constant presence of spirits ; natur e worship ; B aby lon ia n and Egyp tian deities ; priests ; animal worship ; b eli ef in

ib of i li a . C i the future fe n d results . G 34 . ontr ut ons Egypt ans and B abylonians to civilization .

- - — E a m h 1 1 B . Th e 8 . N E r b 80 1 0 . C ew gypti n pi e (T e es) , 5 5 Conquering Eighteen th Dynasty : th e Th eb a n prin c es ex pel th e Hyk sos ; conqu ests of Th utm ose III (Egypt th e s e cond empire in history) ; Ikhn a t on ; Egyptian m onuments in Crete a n d Myc enae .

- . 6 . 6 0 . N n h D a t : S I a n d R m II G 3 3 9 , map p inetee t yn s y _ eti a ses ; wa r s with th e Hittites ; Ra m ses II a gre a t build er ; d e cline of th e t empire . G . 3 9 . Org a n i zati on of the empire : results of con qu es s ;

K k a n d ov b t ni e - el arna Luxor temples ; g ernors , tri u e , colo s ; Tel

m n — f li e a . . hi A arna Letters ; lements of we k ess G . 4 0 43 C e po ti

- l m n : . ca kin r . th e t . ele e ts the g , the mercena ies , pries s G 44 45

— . L H or of E t R l r the sol 9 ater ist y gyp u e of the p iests , of

i . t o i d ers Assyrian conq u est (6 70 B . Res rat ion wi th cap tal

i : P sa m meticu s I a a sis M l ia N at Sa s n d Am ; e s n colony of aucratis .

Persian conquest un der C ambyses (52 5 B . Con quest by

Al 2 . P l mi r i exander (3 3 B The to e es ule at Alexandr a . A

0 . . Roman province (3 B G . 46 Egyp t incapable of progress .

G . 4 7 .

IO. S P : P Phili in I a it Ar a yrian eoples hoenicians , st es , sr el es ,

m . In fl x of mi : Ar G C d n s . . 8 eans u im grations ameans , hal ea 4

49 . Phoeni cia : physical fea tur es ; p olitical conditions ; c om i merc a l s i m r r t upremacy of Tyre ; colon al e pi e ; t ade rou es . AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 5

- T i l l . . . 2 . G . 50 5 Transm tters of civi ization (a phabet) G 53 h e l i s : fl . . Philist n e origin ; expansion ; con icts with Israe ites G 54 . Th e Isra e lite s : early wanderings ; Moses a n d the Ten Com

m a n d me n t s . . . Ki m I l l ; a theocracy G 55 ngdo of srae under Sau ,

t 1 - 2 - a 6 8 . D v b ou 0 0 B . . Di i a id , and Solomon ( 5 9 5 G 5 5 v ded

ki u 2 2 A i l ngdom ; Samaria capt red , 7 ; ssyrian captiv ty ; Jerusa em

- 86 b l . G . 66 6 . captured , 5 ; Ba y onian captivity 59 , 7 , 73 The

. . b prophets G 6 1 . Religious contri ution monotheism ; The

e Th e r a m a n s : k C omm a n dm n t s . A e origin ; ingdom at D amas

- . 0 . c us ; Assyrian conquest . G 6 6 1

Em 1 1 . Ass ia n ir . mi A i yr p e Conquests in Mesopota a , rmen a ,

- l h il e r — . Ti a t e z 1 1 1 2 B . C . i . 6 2 6 . Syr a G 3 g p , 7 45 7 7 , conquers

Babylon an d makes Assyria first power of the ancien t world . Later occupation of Egypt and of the north ; extent of t he empire ; Th e r r l - 2 . . 6 6 N . 6 . 60 e o h a u s 2 2 ineveh G 4 , map p t g e t r er , 7 S a rgon (wars with Israel and Hittites) ; Sennacherib (wars with B a bylon and J udah) ; Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal (rebellions

- i n i . . . C on tr bu ll 6 68 . l . fearfu y pu shed) G 5 P ate XXV , p 547 ti on s : provincial government (d eportation) ; archi tecture and a rt c i b li lib . . 6 (palaces , s ulpture w th ril ant colors) ; raries G 5,

- 6 . a 0 . l d str l V 1 . l A e uc 9 7 P te III , p 54 Sudden fa of ssyria and

6 B . 8 . i N v h 06 . 1 P II . t on of ine e ( G 7 , late , p 53

Th e a 1 2 . e ia n e w B a l n i a n h a n n d a n M d , N by o (C a ld e ) , Lydi Empir e s — Th e M e d e s : origin ; helped in the overthrow of

Nineveh (6 0 6 B . later withdr ew to northern part of Assyrian k Ha l s Ri ingdom as far west as the y ver , and to the south they

b P - su dued ersia ; short lived empire overthr own by Cyr us .

. 2 . G 7 , 74

e w B l - B C N a by on ia n Empire (N e b ucha d r e zza r) 6 05 56 2 . victory of the Chaldeans ; Jerusalem d estroyed ; Babylon beauti

fie d r B . 6 . ; overth own by Persia (539 . G 73 , 7

Kin gd om of Lyd ia : arose from a mixture of races ; dyn asty of Gyges ; money coinage ; extent under Croesus ; conquest by 6 i . . Pers a (54 B G . 7 5 6 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

— Th e P e r sia n s fi . C : E cb a 1 3 . The land and people apitals

- l . C s k . P P . 8 u tana , Susa , ersepo is G 7 7 7 yr , ing of ersia , revolted

i B C . i i from Med a (550 . ) and changed the Med an empire nto

E . Ca b s s . 0 . s . 8 Da r u I the Persian . G . 79 m y e added gy pt G i ,

- C . : n i z i ir ofii cia ls s 52 1 485 B . orga at on of the emp e ; ; taxe ; roads ; conquest of Scythi ans ; attempt to conquer Greece ; wide

. li 8 1 0 . Cul r . . 8 6 : extent of territory G , 4 , map p tu e re g ion ;

2 - loss of vigor ; debt to foreigners . G . 8 83 .

lB k n of Ori e n ta a c r ou d . 1 4 . Review g

a . Geography , outline map , 3 .

um o bl di b . S mary and c mparison ; the en ng of

im . R i . A ead ng Breasted , ncient T es

- - — E 68 6 1 6 1 1 2 1 1 . gypt , fl 7 , 9 9 , 4

- 2 n i 1 1 6 . ( ) B abylo a , fl 4 5 5

- - b 2 0 1 1 1 . (3) The He rews , 1T93 3 5, 3 3 7

- A 2 1 2 2 2 . (4) ssyria, T1 3

- l E i 2 2 1 . (5) The Cha dean mp re , fl 33 4

- 6 P E r 2 6 2 88 . ( ) The ersian mpi e , 1I 4 GR EEK HISTORY

I . INTRODUCTION

THE THE LAND AND PEOPLE .

- a . h i . . 8 8 a m . 6 6 . P ys cal features ; the people G 5 9 , p p k b di i i i . . The v s ons of Gree h story G . 89a .

0. O li h iv i ic s ut ne map of t e r ers , mountains , and d str t of

c 1 Gree e , 7 .

— H. EA LY GREECE B R , X 7 oo . C .

RE MAINS OF A PRE -HIST IC ZEGEAN CI ILIZATI N 000 OR V O , 5

1 000 B . C .

h li . . 0 . a . T e ear est age G 9

h c il i . b. T e Cretan iv izat on

1 R i . . 1 ( ) elations w th Egypt G 9 . ( 2 ) Relations with the Greeks : the first Greek mi i a t o 2 . gr n . G . 9

i . . (3) The three per ods G 93 . (4) Culture and government : pottery ; palace at

- C . 6 . nossus ; society and government . G 94 9

I I X 2 - Plates X , X , X , II , XV, pp. 54 543 .

- h M cen ma n 1 0 0 1 1 0 . 6 . C . T e y world, 5 5 B ( 1 ) Extent : chief centres of civilization ; commercial

iv . . . . act ity G 9 7 , map p 7 7 ( 2 ) The city kingdom of Mycen m; political and

ic i i 8 . econom organ za t on . G . 9 (3) The degree of culture as revealed by the dis

c l . ove rie s of Dr . Schliemann ; ear y religion

- . 8 1 00 . XIII I . . G 9 Plates , X V, p 543

D i . 1 0 1 . (4) ecl ne G . d . The second Greek migration (Dorian ) causes and

- 1 0 2 1 0 . results . G . 3 8 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

2 T E E E 1 0 00 - 0 0 H P AG . . . IC , 7 B C

' R e d ust e n t s a ft e r DorIa n t a . a m h 1 0 . j t e migra ion . G . 4

b a n d : h b . Social political units family, p ratry, tri e .

- . 1 0 1 0 Growth of the clan (nobles) G . 5 6 .

: k Government ing , council of chiefs , assembly ; rule of

'

n k . 1 0 the nobles begi s to replace that of the ing G . 5

I ” ' d The vHom e ri ce Ics : . I O p the minstrels ; liad , dyssey

- 1 0 1 1 1 . question of autho rship ; historical value . G . 9 ( I) Source study on early Greek society as describe d

in the Homeric poems .

0 C . . 6 . r : 0 . O i Geog aphy Greece, about 7 B utl ne map 9

S I 3 . GREEK IN T TUTIONS

Origin and development of the city— State (polis) : its

walls ; area outside walls ; unification of Attica .

1 0 G . 7 .

1 0 . Growth of commerce . G . 8 Religion : nature and ancestor worship ; chief deities ; conception of the future life ; separation of religion

. . 1 0 0 1 1 2 . and morality G ,

a e 0 0 . The great g of colonization , (about) 75 55 B C character a n d causes ; method of organization ; Wide

- 1 1 1 1 6 . extent ; the colonies one in civilization . G . 3

1 1 . (1 ) Contact with the Orient . G . 7

( 2 ) Ge ography : the parent cities a n d their colonies .

Outline map 1 1 .

-

I STIT s UN Y . 4 . N UTION TENDING TOWARD GREEK IT

a . C ommon literature, ancestry, religion , leagues , and

games .

Literature .

‘

8 . a The i . . 1 1 8 1 2 ( ) ep c poems G , AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 9

(b) Hesiod : a un ifyin g power ; contrast with H f . om e . 1 1 1 G 9 , 33 . B 1 2 0 . elief in common ancestry . G . Myths pointing to an early connection with

other lands . E a A . 1 2 1 . ( ) gypt and rgos . G

b 1 2 2 ( ) Athens and Crete . G . . P c 1 2 . ( ) hoenicia and Thebes . G . 3

d 2 d 1 . ( ) Ly ia a n d the Peloponnese . G . 4

Heroic myths .

a 1 2 - 1 2 ( ) Heracles . G . 5 6 .

1 2 . The Argonauts . G . 7 R eligious institutions .

a L : D D ( ) eagues origin ; elphian , elian , B oeotian amphictyonies ; the Delphian ' ” oracle a n d council ; Delphic utterance .

G . 1 2 8 .

(b) The great national games and their in

flue n ce Ol m ia n Nem e a n ; y p , , I P sthmian, ythian ; the contests and the

t 1 2 contes ants G . 8 . 0 A d d ( ) d itional rea ing . Games and oracles

B - - . 1 1 1 1 1 ury , pp 39 44 ; 57 6

C LT AL D V LOPME T U UR E E N .

C G . . 1 2 oined money ; art of writing 9 . A e L 0 0 0 0 . C . : d fi yric g , 7 5 B e nition of lyric poetry ; A h P b P d rc ilochus of aros , Sappho of Les os , in ar of

b . G . 1 0 1 The es 3 , 79 .

' 5 . P : n An hilosophy the search for origi s ; Thales , aximenes , P ' Heraclitus , ythagoras , Xenophanes ; the Seven

- W . G . 1 1 1 ise Men 3 33 . a . Religion : changes in beliefs ; devotion to Dionysus and

D l i i n m i 1 1 1 E ter . G. 2 2 0 ; . emeter eus n a ys es , 34 , 7 AN OUTLINE OF GRE EK AND ROMAN HISTORY

RISE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNM ENT

- THE EEK S ES 00 00 B . c . IN GR TAT , 7 5

H R CT R OF THE C NSTIT TI NAL HA G S b I . C A A E O U O C N E , (a out)

- C . 7 50 50 0 B .

hi hi 0 6 i i c i . . 1 a . From monarc es to ol garc es (ar sto rac es) G ,

1 3 5.

D in i . A l b. ecl e of ar stocracies ppearance of the awgivers

Z leucus L s 80 1011 a of Locri , ycurgu of Sparta , of

- 1 1 6 . Athens . G . 35 3

k : fi b fi a n d c . The Gree tyrant de ned ; ene ts evils of the

1 tyrann i es . G . 3 7

1 . ( I ) Thrasybulus of Miletus . G . 38

2 ) The Cypselidae of Corinth: Cypselus ; Periander .

- - 1 1 . G . 3 8 39

The e n e s C 0f . a (3) leisthenes - Sicyon (G g of

1 . Megara . G . 57

1 60 . (4) The Pisistra tid tyranny at Athens . G .

irn ocr a cie s . d . i t ci From tyrann es to , later to democra es

1 0 G . 4 .

T x C . SP A TA AND HE LOP ONNE S 00 . R PE E , 5 B

: n 0 . Early Sparta origi ; conquest of Laconia and Messenia

i w Phe i n Ar s . (Messen an wars) ; relations ith d o of . go

- - . 1 1 1 2 1 1 6 . G 4 4 , 45 4 Spartan social institutions : myth of Lycurgus ; purpose ; ' ” laconic ; mili tary trainin g (syssitia ) ; position of

eriteci D women ; helots , p , Spartans ; the orian pha

1 - 1 1 - 1 1 lanx . G . 43 44 , 47 5 . k c . m : em si a a ella Spartan govern ent the two ings ; g , p , i ephors ; cessation of all interests except mil tary .

- I 2 1 . G . 5 53

1 ( ) Outline of the Spartan constitution . d . : i i The Peloponnesian League orig n ; organizat on ; extent .

1 G . 54 .

- 6 . A i i l i . : . E . 1 2 1 2 dd t ona read ng arly Sparta Bury, pp 0 9 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 1 1

EARLY ATHENS : CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES THROUGH THE

B 0 00 C . R FORMS or CL ISTH S A T . E E ENE , ( OU ) 7 5 5 B

P fi A a . hysical features ; political uni cation of ttica and

1 0 1 . Laconia contrasted . G . 7 , 55

— E b 0 6 0 . C . : Period of the upatrids , (a out) 7 5 5 B the ’ Codrus myth ; gradual weaken ing of the king s power ; supreme power of such families as the Medon

i ae 1 c ze n 6 . tid ae and Al m o d ; the nine archons . G . 5

The councils (the Areopagus) and the assembly .

1 6 . G . 5

2 : ( ) Military organization divisions of the army .

1 6 : G . 5

' P - 6 . b eriod of the timocracy of the heavy armed , (a out)

6 50 594 B . C . ( I) The heavy— armed secure partial recognition ;

'

C . 1 . the conspiracy of ylon G . 57

a C : P H . ( ) ivil strife lain , ills , Shore

c d ific tiOn s D 2 2 o a b 6 . C ( ) The of raco , (a out) 4 B

causes ; why a triumph for the demos .

1 . G . 57 m 1 . (3 ) Develop ent of industries and trade . G . 58 h B T e k . . d . C wor of Solon , 594

I 1 ( ) The man and the lawgiver . G . 58 .

2 E A ) conomic condition of ttica ; economic reforms .

I . G . 59

1 (3) Political reforms . G . 59 .

a of . . 1 (4) V lue his reforms G 59 . 5) An outline of the Athenian constitution as r e

formed by Solon .

- e . Pisist ra tid 1 B 60 0 C . : tyranny , 5 5 . origin , career of P u a H isistrat s , of Hippi s , of ipparchus ; domestic policy ; foreign policy ; beginning of the drama

- 1 0 1 . (Thespis) . G . 6 6 1

. e i h C 0 8 . . f The d mocrat c reforms of Cleist enes , 5 B

1 r i i v n . . 1 ( ) P el m nary e e ts G 6 1 . 1 2 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

( 2 ) Constitutional changes : tribes and demes citizen ship increased ; changes in the councils ; the

1 6 1 . generals ; ostracism . G .

1 6 2 . (3) Results . G . (4) An outline of the Athen ian con stitution as re formed by Cleisthenes

1 6 . Summary of the period . G . 3

L H LYD A A D TH PE S CONF ICT WIT I N WI R IA ,

THE L DIAN K NGD M UNDE O U 60 6 . . 1 . Y I O R CR ES S , 5 54 B C

c : e A i i r k ll a . Extent and chara ter conqu st of s at c G ee s ; fa

of the kingdom . G . 75.

2 THE PE S N RUL . . R IA E

: i i Cyrus and Cambyses r se and extent of Pers an empire , conquest of Lydia and Asiatic Greeks ; addition of

- 0 Egypt . G . 79 8 .

Darius I .

1 . ( 1 ) Organization of Persian kingdom . G . 8 (2 ) The Scythian expedition and the Asiatic Greek : tyrants ; causes of Ion 1 c revolt; character of

- . 6 . I . 8 1 6 1 the onians G 4 , 4 5

I i R - is s C . Ar t a ora . i (3) on c evolt , 499 494 B g , Sard s ,

E h il u r l . . 1 6 . p esus , Lade , M et s ; esu ts G 5

E 3 . THE PERSIAN INVASIONS OF UROPE

k . 1 . Condition of the Gree s . G 64

e M rd on ius 2 . E a C . . 1 6 . xp dition under , 49 B G 5

t he E i D Ar a rn e s 0 . C xped tion under atis and p , 49 B ' ” earth and water ; Eretria ; appeal to Sparta ; Mar

fi - thon c i S c . . 1 a (ta t cs and igni can e) G 1 65 66 .

1 E i i il i . 1 6 . ( ) xped t on of M t a d es to Paros G. 7 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 1 3

The interval between Marathon and Thermopylae. ( 1 ) Political strife and constitutional changes at Athens : Aristides and Themistocles ; naval

. 1 6 1 68 . policy of Themistocles G . 7 ( 2 ) Preparations for war by Greeks and by Persians ;

- . 1 6 1 0 Congress of Corinth . G 9 7 .

I 0 . v i 8 . n as on under Xerxes , 4 B C

P 1 0 . ( 1 ) ossible plans of defense . G . 7

- 2 h ae A i i . . 1 1 1 2 m . ( ) Tempe , T ermopyl , rte s um G 7 7 (3) M e d izin g states ; Athenians withdr aw from

1 . Athens . G . 73

1 (4) Salamis (strategy of Themistocles) . G . 73

1 74 .

: 5) Campaign of Xerxes source study in Herodotus .

- . 2 6 2 6 . Bury, pp 5 9

- h i . . 1 . T e w nter of 480 479 B . C G 75

- le . . 1 1 a M ca 6 . Campaign of 4 79 B . C . Plat ea ; y G 75 7

- i i l . . 1 8 1 80 1 8 1 . Pol t ca G 7 , R : A c s . . 1 e ults G 7 7 . Literary es hylus and the

Pl t e X I . 1 . a V . ma . G . 79 , p 544

2 . a h : h i a s li 1 . Geogr p y t e Pers an W r , out ne map 9

- HE E E E 1 B . C . . T AD H P O F S V L RS I ATH N , 47 9 43

- 1 . THE BE GINNINGS OF THE ATHENIAN EMPIRE 6 1 . . , 479 4 B C

R uil i ific i A h s l q . eb d ng and fort at on of t en ; Long Wa ls

. 1 8 . (458 B G . 4

‘

b n d . . Origin a orga nization of the Delian Confederacy

- 2 1 . G . 1 8 83

0. A i i s ia o h i cl . Careers of r st de , of Pausan s, f T em sto es

. 1 2 1 8 . G 8 , 7 ’ - d i n i fl c 1 . Cim o s 6 1 . . Per od of n uen e , 47 4 B C ( 1 ) Transition from Confederacy to Empire ; revolts

' - G 1 1 86 . N . 8 of axos and Thasos . 5

2 Eu 66 . . . 1 . ( ) rym edon , 4 B C G 87 1 4 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

(3) Policy of Cimon : r upture between Athens and Sparta ; con stitutional changes at Athens (46 2

B . opposition of Ephi altes and Pericles ;

s ostraci m of Cimon ; growth of democracy . ‘ '

- 1 8 1 8 . G. 7 9

2 AGE OP RICL S T I MPH OF TH OP UL R AR TY 6 1 . PE E ( R U E P A P ) , 4

43 1 B . C .

CHARACTERISTICS OP IMP ERIAL ATHE NS .

n m . a . Gover ent

' ( 1 ) The Periclean democracy an d its progress since Solon ; parties and party lea ders since the Per

P 1 6 . sian wars ; policy of ericles . GA 9 ( 2 ) The Council of Five Hund red ; adm inistrative

1 0 - 1 . committees . G . 9 9 1

T e . 1 2 . (3) h ecclesta : powers of a citizen . G 9 (4) Popular Supr em e Court : dicasteries ; state pay

- 1 1 . and state contributions . G . 93 94

' ' 1 . 5) The generals as leaders oi the people . G . 9 5

1 - 2 0 1 Material resources ; the metics ; slavery . G . 9 7 ,

2 1 0 .

Athen ian art .

2 0 . ( 1 ) Aim of Pericles : the Acropolis ; Phe idi a s . G . 5

( 2 ) Topography of Athens : outline map 2 3 . G .

1 . map p . 47

(3) The temple ; the orders of Greek archi tecture .

8 . . 2 0 l I . (4) The Parthenon G . 5, P ate , p 53

O h bui : P r o la ea Tem te o Win less 5) t er ldings py , p f g

Vi ctor Athen a the De en d er E r echthemn Od e y, f , ,

mn Thea tr e o Di on sus Thesen m . u . , f y , B ry pp

- XVI 6 . XV . 6 . 3 7 3 7 G Plate II , p 544 , Plate II ,

P’ 545

1 6 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

imm di a . . 2 The general and the e ate causes G . 1 5. Congress at Sparta : demands made of Athens ; war de

- c . 2 1 2 1 6 . la r e d G . 5

6 . All ur ce A ies and reso s of thens and Sparta comp a red .

2 1 . 1 80 . G . 7 , map p

R A i k ae a . epeated invasions of tt ca ; attac on Plat a (4 2 9

B 2 1 8 . . G .

u e i b. Plag e at Athens ; d eath of Pericl s ; r se of Cleon and

2 e The year 4 7 B . C . ; revolt of L sb os ; surrender of

2 1 . Pla t ma . G . 9

ff 2 - 2 6 . C . : d . A D thens on the o ensive , 4 4 5 B emosthenes at Pylos (Sph a ct eri a ) war (Cleon) a n d pe a ce (Nicias)

. 2 2 party at Athens ; peace proposals G . 0 .

2 - 2 2 2 2 1 (4 4 4 B . G . .

2 C . : N 1 . i il i A i i Peace of icias 4 B ts fa ure ; r se of lc b a des .

G . 2 2 2 2 0 . , 3

A b u li A A Eli lci iades rges hosti ty to Sparta ; thens , rgos, s,

in a s a 1 t . Mant ea . Spar a ; battle of Mantine (4 8 B

2 1 . G . 3

1 6 . . 2 2 . Fall of Melos . (4 B G 3

- C . li d 1 1 . The Sici an expe ition , 4 5 4 3 B (1 ) Prelimi nary events : ambition of Athens for a wes tern empire ; appeal of Segesta ; debate in Z E cclesta ; preparations ; m utila tion of the AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 1 7

( 2 ) The expedition : divided command ; recall of Al

cibia d e s b La m a chus ; operations a out Syracuse ( ,

G li us D r r e y pp , emosthenes) ; retreat and uin ;

- t u h c id e S sult s . . 2 2 s d u d . G 33 3 5. Source v y

c 2 6 . (3) Spartans seize De e le a . G . 3

T E E EA AR 1 - 0 . H DE C L N W . . 4 , 4 3 4 4 B C

B . P vs . 1 2 C C Sparta and ersia Athens (4 . ) hians and f other Athenian allies revolt ; e forts of Athens .

2 - 2 G . 3 7 3 8 .

2 Intrigues of Alcibiades . G . 3 9 .

B . : R H 1 1 C . ise and fall of The Four undred , 4 the

2 oligarchic constitutions ; democracy restored . G . 39 .

: z 1 0 B C Restoration of Alcibiad es Cy icu s (4 . elected

strategos ; Notium (40 7 B . C . ) causes his retirement .

2 0 . G . 4

Cyrus and Lysand er combine against Athens .

1 A in usae 0 B . A r 6 C . d ( ) g , 4 con emnation of thenian

2 0 . generals . G . 4

( 2 ) [Egospot a mi (40 5 B . surrender of Athens .

G . 2 0 2 . 4 , 44

- 2 1 2 . Results of the war ; character of Lysander . G . 4 43

: 2 The events of the wa r outline map 7 .

NE W L - 0 0 B C . EARNING (AB OUT) 450 4 .

D fi 2 2 2 2 - 2 2 6 . . G . e nition ; the sophists 3 , 5

The drama .

1 2 2 ( ) Aristophanes . G . 4 .

2 E . 2 2 . ( ) uripides . G 8

: History Thucydides contrast with Herodotus . P : . 2 2 2 6 . hilosophy Socrate s , G 9 , 5 Ef fects . 1 8 AN OUTLINE OP GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

- M T E 1 C . II FE A G EE ES 0 B . V STRI ONG H R K STAT , 4 4 3 7

- T 0 1 . . 1 . UPR M CY OF P R S E A S A A , 4 4 3 7 B C

Character of the Spartan rule : Lysa nder and the dec

- h 2 2 6 2 2 0 . . . 8 arc ies G 45 4 , 4 , 5

- 0 0 . : riti s R A C . C a ule of the Thirty at thens , 4 4 4 3 B and The ra m e n e s reign of terror ; Phyle ; liberat ion un

2 der Thrasybulus ; d emocracy restored . G . 47 . Decline of Lysander ; rise of King Age sila us ; internal

- S a rt a fi . 2 0 2 1 2 . condition of p G 5 5 , 53

'

R v C Y OI B . C . : r e e olt of yrus the ounger , 4 Cunaxa ;

treat of the Ten Thousand results .

— 2 1 2 2 . G . 5 5

Sparta at wa r .

- P C . : 1 Wa r 0 0 B . ( ) with ersia , 4 3 9 5 cause ; cam pa ign of Age sila us ; war with Persia merged with the

2 r - : A C . b Wa 8 B . ( ) Corinthian , 39 5 3 7 The es , thens ,

A P ' i s . Corinth , rgos , ersia Sparta ; cause ; Hali artus (death of Lysander) ; Age sila us recalled ; C oron e a ; Cnidus ; Conon expels harmosts in A egean and rebuilds Long Walls ; military ti iumph of Iphicra t e s ; Peace of An t a lcid a s or ' ’ ”

2 2 . King s Peace (3 87 B . C . ) G . 53 55 C (3) Coercive policy of Sparta . d estruction of hal cid ic League ; seizure of the C a d m e ia ; attempt

a . 2 6 . upon the Pir eus G . 5 (4) Alliance between Thebes and Athens ; liberation

E Pe b C . of The es in 3 79 B . ( paminondas and lopid a s) ; Second Athenian Maritime Confed e r a cy ; Jason of Phera e ; Athens and Thebes estranged ; Helle nic Peace Convention (3 7 1

- B . 2 C . 2 . 8 2 60 . ) G 57 5 ,

si n . C . : i ifi (5) Battle of Leuctra , 3 7 1 B tact cs ; g

. 2 8 . can ce G . 5 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 1 9

- ATT MP T L RSHIP or THE E E S 1 6 2 B . C . E ED EADE , 3 7 3

R a n d M Pe lo id a s elations with Thessaly acedon ( p ,

2 Philip) ; Theban navy . G . 59 . Campaigns of Epaminondas (charac ter) in the Pe lopon nese : Megalopolis aid ed ; Sparta threatened ; Mes

n . 2 se e aid ed ; attitud e of Athens . G 59 .

B 2 attle of Mantinea . G . 59 .

Weakness of Thebes .

D - I . 3 . ECLINE OF THE C TY STATE

h r a En d n d E Wa . . of the Seco At enian mpire (Social )

2 0 . G . 6 h Ph d C . b. Aggressions of ilip of Mace on in the alcidice

G . 2 60 .

- 0 e . . 2 6 1 2 6 . . An a g of transition G 3

I F . 4 . CULTURE N THE OURTH CENTURY

Changes Since the fifth century .

A : P . L . rt architecture ; Scopas , ysippus , raxiteles G

2 6 P I . . 4 , late X X , p 545

Literature .

2 ( 1 ) History : Xenophon . G . 6 5.

h . 2 66 2 8 . 2 PhiIOSO : A . G ( ) p y Plato , ristotle , 9

2 6 2 6 . O : I D . G . (3) ratory socrates , emosthenes 7 , 7

INVASION OF MACEDON .

2 Ch aracter of the period . G . 6 8 .

e 2 Macedon : the land a n d its p ople . G . 69 . Philip II and the growth of his power to the Peace of

C . Philocra t e s 6 B . , 34

1 P : l h ( ) hilip ear y life ; c aracter and methods .

- G . 2 0 2 1 2 . 7 7 , 74 ’ 2 P fi u s i r i ( ) . hilip s rst conq e ts and h s agg essions n the

. 2 60 . Cha lcidice . G 20 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

2 1 . (3) Creation of a national army . G . 7 - A i h h ci Wa r . . (4) thens busy w t t e So al , 3 57 3 55 B C

2 2 . G . 7

- i c Wa r 6 6 . C . : h il 5) F rst Sa red , 3 5 34 B cause ; P ip at Thermopylae ; opposition of Demosthen es i i O i [Eschin e s l Ph l ppics , lynth acs eads Macedonian party in Athens ; Athens loses the

P c s Chalcidice ; Peace of hilo r a t e (346 B . ’ 2 - 2 extent of Philip s power . G . 73 7 7 .

hi i u 6 6 . . P l p becomes s preme , 34 33 B C

( 1 ) Final struggles between Philip and Demosthenes .

2 G . 77 . ( 2 ) Second Sacred Wa r : pretext ; Chae ronea (338

- i fi . . 2 2 . . i i B . C ) and ts s gn cance G 7 7 79

C . (3) Congress of Corinth (338 B . ) establishes a

2 . Macedonian hegemony . G . 78

B 2 C . . 0 D . 6 8 . (4) eath of Philip , 33 G

- l 0 8 . C . i . Geography , 4 4 33 B , out ne map 33

- HE PE 6 2 B . C . V . ALEXA DER A D T RSIA S III N N N , 3 3 3 3

- A X R THE T 2 . 1 . L R 6 . E ANDE G EA , 3 3 3 3 B C

Early life and train ing ; opposition overthrown (Thebes) ’ 2 Congress at Corinth ; Alexander s purpose . G . 80

2 8 2 .

A i E Pe rSi a : i i Conquest of sia M nor , gypt , cond t on of

i i u n Pers a ; Gran cus (334 B . conq est of Asia Mi or d ium I or C . and its treatment ; G ; ssus (333 B . ) Tyre

2 . l A i A 1 (33 B Jerusa em ; lexandr a ; rbela (33 B . the conquest of B abylonia and of the Persian

- P . . 2 8 2 8 . . 6 . capitals G 3 9 late XX , p 54

C E N 0 - 2 C onquests in the ast and ortheast , 33 3 7 B . pursuit and death of Darius ; Bactria and Sogdiana ; the fusion of the Greeks and the Persians ; discon

- oi h l 2 0 2 2 . tent t e nob es . G . 9 9 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 2 1

h I c 2 - 2 C : t T e ndian ampaign , 3 7 3 4 B . . defea of Porus at the Hyd a spe s ; descent of the Indus ; voyage of Ne a rchus in the Persian gulf ; march through Ge

i . 2 dros a ; results G . 93 . ’ Value of Alexander s work : early death (d e ifica tion ) ' character ; creative genius ; Aristotle ; merging of the ” East and West ; founding of cities ; administrative reforms ; prepared the way for the later development

- h . 2 0 . 0 . 8 of t e ancient world G . 94 3 Bury , pp 73

836 .

: u m i Al r u i Geography conq ests and e p re of exande , o tl ne m a p 3 7

HE E T - Ix . LL IS IC PERIO N D, 3 2 3 1 46 B . c .

THE L 1 . TRUGG FOR UNIT To P S S 1 0 . . S E Y I U , 3 B C

r 2 - 2 2 C : a . A i i i W . Lam an , 3 3 3 B ntipater bes eged n Lamia ; Greeks defeated at Amorgos and Cra n n on ; Athenian democracy overthrown and death of

D 0 1 . emosthenes . G . 3

- il h h 2 . 0 2 C . 1 6 . . Fa ure of t e t ree regencies , 3 3 3 B G 3

' i di a d ocht A i Str fe among the , especially attempts of nt

on us D i Poliorce t e s g and his son , emetr us , for sole

- m c 1 0 1 . C . onar hy , 3 5 3 B ’ ( 1 ) Murder of members of Alexander s family .

0 . G . 3 3

2 Ri ( ) valry of Seleucus , Cassander, and Ptolemy ; defeat of Demetrius Poliorce t e s at Gaza (3 1 2

0 B . G . 3 3 .

- ‘ C . An i 0 0 1 . (3) Second attempt of t gonus , 3 7 3 B rule of Demetrius of Pha le rum at Athens (Menander) ; failure of the attacks on Egypt

- R . . 0 and hodes G 3 3 30 5. 2 2 OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN ‘ HISTORY

B I 0 1 . C . (4) B attle of psus , 3 ; Lysimachus a n d

s Seleucus v . Antigonus and D emetri us P olior

. G . 0 . 2 cetes ; results 3 5, map p 34 . (a ) Seleucus received from the Ind us River A M to central sia inor . (6) Lysimachus obtained western Asia Minor

and Thr ace .

c ( ) Ptolemy retained Egypt . d C d fi ( ) assan er was con rmed in Macedon .

Over throwf D Polior ce t e s; 0 (5) of emetrius G . 3 5.

6 : i vi Of ir li ( ) Geography d sion the emp e , out ne map 39 (7) Temporary advantage of Seleucus (Corupe

. 0 . dion . ) G 3 6 h C i 2 8 . . T e eltic peril ; Gauls settled n Galatia , 7 B C

0 . G . 3 7

2 . FOUR SE PARATE HELLENISTIC MONARCHIES .

E l i Al . gypt (The Pto em es ; capital, exandria)

1 me : P I II Phil ( ) Govern nt tolemy , Ptolemy ( a delphus) ; Alexandria and the sea power ; no attempt to Hellenize the natives ; bur eaucratic

- . 0 1 1 1 6 . system ; industrial life G . 3 9 3 , 3

( 2 ) Alexandr ian cul ture : see under Helleni stic . The Seleucid Empire (The Seleucidae ; capital at first i A i O . Seleucia on the Tigr s , later nt och on the rontes) ( 1 ) Extent and government ; foun dation of Hellenic

i . . 1 . 2 . cit es G 3 9 , map p 34 ( 2 ) Religion : revolt of the Maccabees ; spread of

k 1 Oriental cults to Gree cities . G . 3 9 . l Att a id a e P . Pergamon (The ; capital , ergamus)

1 A t I t h e ( ) Struggle of t alus with Celts , temporary

. 2 6 . importance . G 3 (2 ) Culture : rival of Alexand ria ; archi tecture a n d

D n a P er m r 2 6 i G ul a on a lta . . . sculpture ( y g , g ) G 3

24 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

e . A i : Z E 2 then an philosophy eno the Stoic , picurus . G . 3 4 . k o j . Gree contributions to civilizati n .

E E E Ix . WEST RN GR KS

THE C H G V THE T RA 1 . ART A INIAN IN ASION ; Y NNIES or GELON

AND HIERON .

C rtha in in n 0 : The a g a invasion of 48 B . C . Xerxes in

a lliance with Ca rthage battle of Himera and results .

. 1 0 1 6 . G 7 , 7

l n Tyrannies of Ge on and Hiero .

( 1 ) Arts of peace . G . 1 76 . ff 2 1 . ( ) Battle o Cum ae (474 B : G . 76

Tyrannies replaced by republics in Sicily and Italy .

2 . G . 49

- 2 ITAL SICIL 1 0 2 1 . . . Y AND Y, 4 4 B C

i i 0 - 0 6 B C : Carthaginian nvas on of Sicily, 4 9 4 cause and

2 results . G . 49 .

- Dio I 0 6 . : C . n Tyranny of nysius , 4 5 3 7 B ma ner of obtaining ; war with Carth age ; extent of kingdom ;

. 2 . nature of his rule Vi sit of Plato . G . 49

- - Di i II 6 6 6 . C Tyranny of onys us , 3 7 3 5 , 34 345 B

. 2 8 . second visit of Plato ; a period of disorder . G 3

- C . : i b c . T moleon , the Li erator of Syra use , 345 33 7 B Corinth sends Timoleon victories ending with Crimi

R 0 . i i i sus iver, (34 B reorgan zation of S c ly ;

2 8 . Tim ole on resigns his power . G . 3

G 1 : A h A n Magna raec a rc idamus of Sparta, lexa der and Pyrrhus of Epirus successively bring aid against the

2 2 Italians ; absorption of Tarentum by Rome . ( 7

2 1 . B . G . 3 9 , 33

ole n 0 Sicily : disorder after death of Tim o . G. 33 .

- A 1 6 2 8 . Tyranny of gathocles of Syracuse , 3 9 B C popular origin ; great ability of Agathocles struggles AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 25

again st Greek cities and Carthaginians ; brilliant but unsuccessful invasion of Africa ; able rule as king of

l . 0 . Sici y . G 3 3

2 C Pyrrhus responds to an appeal from Syracuse ( 78 B . . ) against the Carthaginians : his successes followed by a

1 Greek reaction against him . G . 33 .

0 6 . Absorption of Sicily by Rome ( 2 4 1 B . G . 4 D UC ‘ I . INTRO TION

REL T NS W T TH E T . 1 . A IO I H E AS

'

P o . G. 2 . a . The h enicians 33

. LAND AND THE PEOP LE .

Physiography of Italy : the d ifferent zones ; position in the Med iterranean ; the western coast ; the highland s a n d the plains; mountains a n d rivers ; P o valley ;

— S C bd . G . cylla and hary is ; volcanoes 333 , 33 5 337 ,

2 map p . 7 8

. The distribution of the earlie st peoples ; origin of Rome .

. 2 8 1 8 . G . 334 , map p , 3 3

n ; Divisions of Roma history . G . 33 8a

1 B 1 . REGAL RO ME , . C .

P I P . I . HYS OGRA HY

i n d hi s fi a h l . a . Posit on storical igni cance ; draw the i ls

- . 0 . 2 86 . G 33 9 34 , map p

B G or R . 2 . E GINNIN S OME

1 . Probable origin . G . 3 4

l u the fi k : R Traditiona acco nt of rst four ings omulus ,

N ullus Host ilius An cu s . uma Pompilius , T , Martius

G . 343

5 Sources of early R oman history : nature ; reasons for

uncertainty ; va lue of the legends . Government i 1 : b . G . 2 ( ) The people patricians , ple e ans , clients 34 .

2 a tri a otesta s s b . ( ) The family (p p ) ; gen , curia , tri e

2 G . 34 .

k n in t eri un i s a tres cor nitia (3) The i g ( p ) , enate (p ) ,

e r . 2 i t ia ta . G 3 4 .

'

e . n . h d i : A o . b L G . Lat n League l a ga the ea . 344 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND R OMAN HISTORY 27

THE ETRUSC D V LO PM T AN E E EN .

a . t . . Territorial exten G 3 44 .

6 . b 2 A sorption of eastern c ulture . G . 3 44 .

d k : Ta r uin ius Priscus Tra itional ings q , Servius Tullius,

T uin i a rq us Superbus . G . 34 5. d fl : . . . Political in uence expansion in Latium G . 346 ( 1 ) Military reorganization attributed to Servius

' - Tullius . G . 349 3 50 .

e : n E in . Religion nature a d ancestor worship ; truscan flue n ce (omens) ; agricultural d eities ; priesthood s ;

- 8 . formal character ; political connection . G . 347 3 4

B 4 . ROME ECOMES AN ARISTOCRATIC R E P UE LIC .

. 1 . Proba ble process . G. 3 5

. G . 2 Traditional account 3 5 .

- III. T E E EP I B H ARLY R UBL C , 3 9 0 . C .

A EX TERN L EVENTS .

R n d by a n a . evolt of L ati L eague followe alliance with the

‘

n n . . League and the He r ica s . G 3 54

b w E d a - o i . Struggles ith trusca ns en ing with c pture Veii

bi ui n s 6 B . s S a (39 truggles with a nes , q , Vols

— cia n s . G . . 2 8 1 . 3 54 3 55, map p

6 . a . e . Legendary account of ( ) G 3 5

Government : two consuls ; d ictator ; ma gister e qi ti tn n r

m r quaestors ; senate ; a ssemblies (co iti a ce n tn i a ta ) .

- . G. 3 53 Trad itional acco u n t of the patrician - plebeia n struggles

' to t he Lie m ia n laws : lex Valeria ; first secession ' lex

‘ P ubililia; the d ecemvirate ; second secession ; Va lerio Horatian laws ; C a n ule ia n la w consular tribunes ;

— - G. . 6 6 . Licini an laws . 3 7 3 8 28 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

n d Constitutio a l evelopmen t . ( I) P0we r of the con suls decreased by the creation of n e wofficials : two censors ; two n ewquaestors ; two plebeian and two curule md ile s remova l of

e ambitious l aders . G . 3 57 .

( 2 ) Plebeian ga ins . T a e . . ( ) h tribun ate G 3 58 360 .

- b comitia trib te . ( ) The u . G 3 58 3 59 .

0 A i h n . . ( ) dm ssion to t e se ate G 36 1 . d m A iz i . . 6 2 ( ) r yreorgan at on G 3 .

e o 6 . ( ) Admissi n to the magistracies . G . 3 3

o fi f h ' t s C di ca tion o t e La w (XII a ble ) .

' G. 364 . 6 (g) Lex Valeria (30 1 B . G . 3 5

h L . s f 2 . t n w ( ) Sece sion o 87 B . C (Hor ensia a )

G . 366 .

h : iu n d i n e i h o s ou lin e Geograp y early La t m a ts g b r , t m a p 45.

IV. C U T A D R A IZ T OF ITA Y 0 ONQ ES N O G N A ION L , 39 B 2 64 . C .

THE WARS .

The llic i s n : l tl of the l 0 a . Ga nva io egends ; ba t e (39 _ A lia - k . . 6 0 . B C sac of Rome ; re build ing of city . G 3 9 3 7

Et run : i i u i ci l s s . b. Conquest of a beg nn ng of m n pa y tem

r 1 . (Ca e e ) . G . 3 7

The : o n d m c . Samnites rigin a orga nization ; First Sa nite

r . . 2 Wa G 3 7 .

- c i u h i Wa r 0 8 . C . : a a T e Lat n , 34 33 B ause ; L t n Le g e

dissolved ; organization of Latium . G . 3 73 .

- C . : s Wi e . h c d i a r 2 6 0 . h T e Se on Samn te W , 3 3 4 B relation t us Nea polis Ca ud ine Forks (3 2 1 B . C Rome victorio after severe reverses ; plan ting of La tin colon ies ;

- - 6 l . . Vi A i . . a pp a G 3 74 3 7 5; Fow er , pp 44 4 Cam

i n cul u e l I . 8 . pan a t r ,P a te XXV , p 54 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 2 9

i d r 2 - 2 Wa 8 0 . C . : The Th r Samnite , 9 9 B a coalition against the Roman headship in central Italy ; Sen B t 2 . 6 6 fin e i . inum ( 95 results . G . 3 7 , 39 ( pr nt)

- Wa r P 2 8 1 2 2 . with Tarentum and yrrhus , 7 B C ca use ; career of Pyrrhus ; Heraclea ; mission of ' Cin e a s ; Asculum ; B e n e ve n t um ; results ; Pyrrhic

victory . G . 3 7 7 .

1 G W ( ) eography of the Samnite ars , of the Latin

Wa r P Wa r ma . , of the yrrhic , outline p 53

2 G N Z T ON OF T L I 2 6 B . C . OR A I A I I A Y N 4 .

Political changes and tend encies : the curule aristocracy ; the assemblies ; the censorship of Appius Claudi us B 1 2 . t he (3 Hortensian Law ( 2 87 B . power

in i n - v . 8 . of the senate ; the O a law . G 37 37 9

- n n mi ci ium . 80 8 1 . The sovereign state ; the p G . 3 3

The communities of various degrees of dependency .

- 8 2 . G . 3 3 83

d : n S n R . 8 . a oman roa s construction and exte t . G 3 4

b C l A s 1 2 8 . orn , lassica tla , maps and 3

. 8 . The new military system . G 3 5 2 R . C . . oman life in 64 B . G 386

1 . 8 . ( ) Occupations . G 3 7 I P I XX II . 8 . 2 . XX I V M . 88 V ( ) oney G 3 , lates , , p 54 (3) Private lif e : the house ; amusements ; the family

- 2 bond . G . 389 3 9 .

- d n . (4) E ucation a d publiclife . G 3 93 3 94 .

(5) Science ; lack of literature . G . 3 95.

(6) Moral and religious standards . G . 396 .

(7) Appius Claudius as a type . G . 397 . R i ead ng .

E l e h 1 2 6 C . . II . ( ) xternal events to 4 B . Fow er , m 2 R c . ( ) oman character . Fowler , III . 3 0 AN . OUTLINE o r GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

HE E TE - . O E OF T I 2 6 1 B V C N U S M RAN AN . . Q T D R E , 4 3 3 C

’ S AR or THE RO I T. U I T L T UGGL FO 1 . ME S F R W O TS DE I A Y S R E R

b a . The struggle unavoida le ; the , Mamertine appeal ;

‘ - C c t . . 0 R G. 8 m a ome and arthage on rasted 3 9 4 3 , p P 343

‘ P r 2 - B n 2 C . : ri e t u b Wa 6 1 . m . The First unic , 4 4 Ag g ; the

n b M lae 2 t e t 60 . in new vessels a d h a ttle a y ( B C . )

v SI n ic b R E cn om us 2 B a o A y 6 . of fr a egulus ( , 5

r -E t e s I d 2 1 B' Wa in Sicily ; Hamilcar ; ga slan s ( 4 .

- 0 0 6 . results . G . 4 4 4

r h z h F P - Ge a y e a r . og p t irst unic W , outline map 59

NTE VAL B TW FIRST AND CO P NIC WARS 2 1 I R E EEN SE ND U , 4

2 1 8 B . C .

a Rome . ( 1 ) Orga nization of Sicily ; seizure of Sardinia and

0 2 G . 4 7 , 4 4 .

o I - A I r ( 2 ) f taly to the lps ; the llyrian Wa .

0 8 . G , 4 , map p b Carthage

r . 0 ( I) The Mercenary Wa G 4 7 . 2 ) The expa nsion of Ca r thage in to Spain : Hamilcar ;

he -G. 0 . Hannibal ; t occasion of war . 4 9

- THE CO P NIC WAR 2 1 8 2 0 1 . . SE ND U , B C

H i A I : Ticin us a . ann bal crosses the lps and invades taly B b and Tr e bia ( 2 1 8 B O ) Trasime ne ( 2 1 7 C . ) Fa ius ” (Fabian policy) The D elayer Cannae ( 2 1 6

- 0 1 0 . . G . 4 9 4 , map p 343 ( 1 ) Results of Cannae ; loyalty of the Latin colonies ;

i . . 1 1 . innate strength .o Roman character G 4 ' ' - C . : C a n ae t o M 2 1 6 0 B . b. From n etaurus , 2 7 The Shield R ” ' S d R ” of ome , the wor of ome (Marcellus) ; Syra b R i cuse , Capua , Tarentum recovered y ome ; v ctories

32 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

R r N I NE OMAN CONQUE ST o THE WESTER MED TERRA AN .

i r 1 - 1 6 a . Wa The overthrow of Carthage (Th rd Punic ) , 49 4

e rfid C B C . R . oman p y destruction of arthage ; prov

ince of Africa . G . 434 .

R i . G . . b. Conquest and omanization of Spa n 434

THE ROMAN WORLD IN 1 3 3 B . C .

: in a . The provinces and the dependent states provinces

e O — C . t f 1 . z 33 B ; m hod organi ation , the governor ,

. 2 taxation , justice . G 4 4 , 43 5.

C . 6 . R i i 1 . . b. oman l fe n 33 B G 43 ( 1 ) Economic changes : disappearance of the peas u a try ; provincial grain ; growth of great estates .

G . 43 7

b a rsn s hon r 2 : c o a nt . . 8 0 . ( ) The new no ility G 43 , 45 i (3) The equestr an order ; the capitalists . G . 43 9 . (4) Slavery and the Sicili an Slave war ( 1 3 6- 1 3 2 B C ) ;

dm . . 0 0 . free en G 44 , 4 5

: 5) Private life the house ; amusements ; the theatre .

- 1 . G . 44 443

: k fl (6) Education Gree in uences . G . 444 .

(7) The beginnings of Roman literature .

(a ) Poetry : Andronicus (about 2 50 B .

Nas n c . . E . vi s , nnius , Plautus , Teren e G 445

b : C a . G . . ( ) Prose ato , Sc evola 44 5 8 Eff t i fl R ( ) ec of foreign n uences upon oman art , lit

e r a tur e i : l , relig on , and morals He lenism , atti A i C tude of Scipio fr canus , of Cato the ensor ; decay of old standards ; influence of eastern

- cults . G . 446 449 .

n . . (9) New standards i public life G 4 50 .

0. Reading . Causes of the decline of the republic ; Fowl

h . e . er, V A N OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 33

H - B E F T E EP B C 1 2 . C . VI. DECLIN O R U LI , 3 3 7

Character of the period : political and economic defects ; the burden of military service ; the exodus to Rome ;

- m . . 1 2 . failure of popular govern ent G 4 5 4 5 , 43 7

- R CCHI 1 1 2 1 . C . G A , 33 B

R b 1 . . . . eforms of Ti erius , 33 B C G 453

1 . . ( ) The optimates and populares G 4 54 .

- 2 B C . . 6 R 1 . G eforms of Gaius , 3 4 55 4 5 1

k . . 6 Results of the wor of the Gracchi G 4 5 .

A 2 - B OF THE ST RE O 1 1 8 . A I C C ST R 8 . R O R Y ED , C

i . . Nature of the civ l strife G 457 .

- B 2 1 0 C . Wa r with Jugurtha ( 1 1 6 . ) appearance of

Marius and Sulla . G . 457 . Invasion of the Cimbri and Teutons : the campaigns

Ar a usio A a Se x tim Ve r cellae hi ( , qu e , ) ; the consuls ps of

li . . Marius and his mi tary reforms G 4 58 . i M li im wi i Mil tary leaders ; arius a l es h self th the rad cals ,

n in us n d . Sa t ur a Glaucia ; decline of Marius G . 459 .

‘

A D u 1 . C . 60 . b G . ttempts at reform y r sus , 9 B 4

- The Wa r 1 88 B . C . : li Social , 9 organization of the al es l . 60 . and their success; concessions to the al ies G . 4

- B C . MA IUS ULL 88 . R AND S A, 7 9

M ri n d - c fli a M a 88 86 . a . The on ct between Sull ; B C

the Sulpician revolution (88 B . C victory of Sulla and flight of Marius ; democratic reaction under Cinna and recall of Marius ; th e reign of terror ; d eath

- 6 2 6 . of Marius . G . 4 4 3

hr d - l n d Wa r 88 8 . C . : a b. a M Su la the First it i atic , 4 B g gre ssion s of Mith ridates ; revolt of Greece ; Victories

l . . 6 1 6 . of Su la ; treaty of peace G 4 , 4 3

d d - 2 ll n 8 . . R 6 a 8 . eturn of Su a defeat of the emocrats , 3 B C l . 6 . battle of the Col ine Gate ; the proscriptions . G 4 4 ‘ 34 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

Th e h d . dictators ip of Sulla and t he Sullan constitution ;

6 - 6 results . G . 4 5 4 7 .

e . R i . C t I. ead ng Fowler ,

R HIP OF O P Y - M 60 . S . LEADE P E , 79 B C

n a . E i I vents n taly and Spain followi g the death of Sulla,

- : 79 7 2 B . C . attempt of Lepidus to overthrow work

l Se r t ori n a a r . . of Su la ; W (Pompey) G 468 .

b r - B a 1 . C . : . . W . 6 of the Gladiators , 73 7 Spartacus G 4 7 o C P m C 0 h . C . : ove rt ow onsulship of o pey and rassus , 7 B 6 of the aristocratic government . G . 4 8 .

d bin i n Ga a 6 . . Pompey conquers the pirates ( Law) , 7 B C

. 6 6 2 G 4 7 , 4 9 . 47

ili - 6 . i a r M a n n M W a 6 . Third ithridat c ( Law) , 74 3 B C

overthrow of Mithridates ; reorganization of the East .

6 2 . G . 4 9 , 4 7

f . The conspiracy of Catiline : consulship and orations

6 . C . G . 1 . of Cicero, 3 B 4 7

Y . . 0 . . a g Cato the ounger, Cicero , C esar Plate XXX , p 55

0 . G . 47

- OMP Y S R 60 2 . . P E AND CAE A , 5 B C

t 60 B C . . . a . i The F rst Triumvira e , G 473

' h c l ius r ov l of ic C . od em a b. T e onsulship of 59 B . ; C ; C ero

and Cato . G . 473 .

c . c 6 . . . . The onference of Luca, 5 B C G 4 73 474 ’ ’ i fi 8 1 d . ae l t s C sar s conquest of Gau and signi cance , 5 5

B . C . G . 47 5.

C a rrhae . l 6 . Death of Crassus at (53 B Pompey so e

riumvira t e . consul (52 B . dissolution of the T

- G . 4 73 474 .

THE TRUGGL B T THE REPUB LIC 6 . S E E WEEN CAESAR AND ANS

- R ULT I THE UP M CY OF R 2 . . ES S N S RE A CAESA , 5 44 B C

h h ae r a . Steps leading toward monarc y ; t e monarchy of C sa fi a bene t ; AN O UTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 3 5

h ' a 6 . S all C esar resign his province G . 4 7

- B C Wa r . C . : in I The ivil , 49 45 campaigns taly, Spain , D Z Greece ( yrrachium , Pharsalus) ; ela , Thapsus ,

- d . 6 . Mun a G . 4 7 47 7

a . . The reforms of C esar . G 478

C a haracter of C esar ; his assassination ; place in history .

80 . G . 4 Literature of the first century : Ciceronian Age C a N C C esar , Sallust , epos , icero ; Lucretius and atullus

(poetry) . G . 4 79 .

C . : S 1 B . Geography important places ince 33 , outline

2 map G . map p . 4 4 . F d . R . VII ea ing owler , ch

. ROM TH D TH OF C S R To TH TTL OF ACTIUM 7 F E EA AE A E BA E ,

- 1 C . 44 3 B .

Flight of t he conspirators ; rise of Antony a n d Oc t a vius ; attitu de of Cicero war

- 2 of Mutina . G . 48 1 48 . B b. d C S . C . The econd Triumvirate , 43 ; mur er of icero ;

i s 2 r b . 8 . wa aga nst the repu lican . G 4

c . l 2 The ba tt e of Philippi (4 B . Octavius in the

n . 8 2 . W A E A . G est , nto y ast , Lepidus frica 4 O P ' d verthrow of Sextus ompey, of Lepidus , and efeat

of Antony and Cleopatra at Actium (3 1 B . C . )

. 8 2 . mad e Octavius supreme G . 4

V . THE ROM AN W ORLD : A G ST TO HE OD O SI S II U U US T U ,

— D 2 7 B . C . 3 9 5 A . .

THE — 1 . 2 C . 6 . . LIAN C S RS . 8 A D JU AE A , 7 B

— D a . A u 2 . C . 1 A . . ug stus , 7 B 4 ( 1 ) Character of the new government : difficul t posi tion of Augustus ; survivals of the republican constitution ; senate ; the prin ceps ; im perial 36 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

i i - . 8 8 t tles and powers ; the success on G 4 3 4 4 , 499 ( 2 ) The administra tion of the provinces : the senato rial and the imperial ; allied states ; the August

l - . . 8 86 . a es ; taxation G 4 4 4 , map p 434 .

' th e Teut ober s (3) The army and frontiers ( g Fore t) .

6 - 8 . 8 m a . G 4 4 7 , 497 , p E 434 a : h i li ( ) Geography t e front ers , out ne map 7 1 .

(4) Finances . G . 486 . dm i R I l . a . 86 5) The a nistration of ome and t y G 4 ,

488 . (6) Religion and morals : attempt to revive Roman i ideals ; the worship of the emperor , b rth of

- — hr . . 8 0 C ist G 4 9 49 , 494 49 5 (7) Culture ( Augustan Age

a Mee ce n a s : i r — iv ( ) Literature ( ) h sto y, L y ;

— l . c . 1 O . poetry, Vergi , Hora e, vid G 49 , 495 (b) Art a n d public buildings (Agrippa) Monu

- An c n u . 2 ra m . l mentum y G 49 493 , P ate I . 0 . i XXX , p 55 Public mprovements ; the

u I . 0 . for m , Plate XX X , p 55

(8) Character and achievements of Augustus . G .

R i . . V c i . (9) ead ng Fowler , ch III ; Jones , sele t ons

- D : i u i i 1 A . c c T ber us , 4 3 7 . hara ter ; German c s , Se janus ; despotic measures ; wise treatment of the

- hr . 0 1 0 2 provinces ; the crucifixion of C ist . G 5 5 .

- D . : . . 0 . i l 1 A . i Cal gu a, 3 7 4 nsane tyranny G 5 3

Claudius and Nero (the Claudian Cae sars) . A D cc io ch r 1 l di 1 . . r ( ) C au us , 4 54 manne of a ess n ; a acter ; ci vi ta s extended ; public works ; conquest

0 of southern Britain ; G . 5 4 .

— fir e A D . : u l h 2 N r 68 . ( ) e o , 54 a cr e despot ; t e great

In Rome and the Christian persecution ; St . ’ r N h Paul and St . Peter marty s ; ero s deat de creed by the senate ; extinction of the Julian

- n n . . 0 0 2 8 . a d of the Cla udia family G 5 5 5 7 , 5 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 37

- D : h i c . e 68 6 A . O h T e d sputed su cession , 9 Galba, t o , Vit'ellius ; the legions arr og a te the right of

l . 0 8 . se ecting the emperor G . 5

- FLAVIAN S RS 6 6 A . D . CAE A , 9 9

Political changes : reorganization of the senate ; the

i . 1 2 . success on . G 5

- A D . : i i a i 6 . a Vespas an , 9 79 character ; rebell on n Jud e

i 0 A . (destruct on of Jerusalem , 7 the Colos

. . 0 1 1 . XXX . 1 . seum G 5 9 , 5 3 , 5 9 Plate II , p 55

- D : i 8 1 A . . i ii T tus , 79 character ; destruct on of Pompe P a E . . 1 0 nd Herculaneum (Pliny the lder) G 5 , late

XXX 2 III , p . 55 .

- A D . : c i A ic D i i 8 1 6 . om t an , 9 character ; ampa gn of gr ola in Britain ; wall between the Rhine and the

Danube ; Christians persecuted for faith . G .

S ET T TH E D r TH F T TU Y OCI Y A E N o E IRS CEN R .

- i . 1 1 . Soc al classes . G 5 4 5 5

1 6 . Occupations . G . 5 s 1 . Hou es . G . 5 7

Luxury . G . 51 8 .

A : l C h musements the Co osseum ; the ircus ; the bat .

- 2 0 . G . 51 9 5

2 1 Art and architecture G . 5 . ” Silver Age of Literature .

1 : a l E . ( ) Philosophy and science Senec , Pliny the der

2 2 . G . 5

2 : . . 2 2 1 . ( ) Poetry Martial , Juvenal G 5 , 54

Rh : . . 2 2 (3) etoric Quintilian G 5 .

. 1 . (4) History : Tacitus ; Suetonius . G 54

Y . 5) Letters : Pliny the ounger . G 543 .

2 (6) Greek writer : Plutarch . G . 54 . : i i Pagan morals and standards the Sto cs ; pagan sm .

2 - 2 G . 5 3 5 0 . 38 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

C : ifix P fir Rise of hristianity the cruc ion ; St . aul ; the st

h h s . . 2 2 8 . c urc e ; reasons for persecutions G 5 7 5 , 545

t . . . i t e I l j Life n h owns Fowler , ch X ; Jones , se ections

- n P 6 . THE I Goo O 6 1 80 A . D . . 2 . V EM R RS 4 F E E , 9 G 5 9 , 53

- D . : 8 A . N 6 a . . erva , 9 9 adopted Traj n G

- D . : 8 1 1 A . fi r ov mcia l Trajan , 9 7 the rst p j emperor ; char t act er ; greates extent of the empire ; public works . P P . 1 V . 8 . G 53 , late XX , p 54 lates

X . 2 I . XXX V , XXV , p 55

1 : R e r a ( ) Geography oman mpire under T ] an , outline map 7 3

- D . : dr 1 1 1 8 A . C i Ha ian , 7 3 character ; ivil serv ce ; his ' travels and their object ; the frontiers ( wall of the imperial council ; Perpetual ” - li k . b c . 2 P E d ict u G 0 . ; p wor s 53 , 53 7 , 539 54 late

. P IV VI . 2 II XX , p 547 Plate XXX , p 55 , late XXXV , P 553

- 1 8 1 A . D A . The ntonines , 3 93

1 A P - 1 8— 1 6 1 ( ) ntoninus ius , the cheese parer , 3

D . : A . humane legislation ; Jurisprudence ' ( Institutesof G . 533 .

- 2 A 1 6 1 1 80 A . D . : h ( ) Marcus urelius , c aracter Parthian Wa r ; Mar

' com a nn ic Wa r s ; the plagues ; persecution of

- C . . 8 . the hristians G 534 , 53 , 544 54 5

C 1 0 - 1 A D . : 8 . w (3) ommodus , 93 un orthy son of

Marcus . G . 53 5.

(4) Reading : the Roman world under the Antonin es .

’ Fowler , ch . X ; Jones , selections .

THE — . LD E M O S I E P R S 2 . R 1 8 A D . 5 O R E , 93 4

’

a . A e g of the Severi .

Se tim ius — 1 1 2 1 1 . D A . : ( ) p Severus , 93 centralization

of power army supreme . G . 546 .

40 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

I C i ( ) Successors of onstantine ; Jul an the apostate .

6 . G . 566 5 7 ( 2 ) Victory of Christia nity over paganism ; Arianism

° vs . Orthodoxy ; edict of Theodosius penance of

6 . Theodosius . G . 56 7 5 8 3) Defeat and death of Valens at Adrianople (3 78

0 . A . D . ) G . 57

' (4) Theodosius and the division into an eastern and

western empire (3 9 5 A . G . 570 .

R — 8 0 PE OD OF A 0 . D . VIII . RI T NSITIO N , 3 9 5 A

GERMANIC INVASIONS .

b . . i 6 . a . i 0 Teutonic tr es n fourth century G 5 9 , map p 5 5

- 1 D . : I i 6 0 A . b. nvas on of the Visigoths , 3 7 4 settled in

D . Dacia ; Adrianople (3 78 A . ) Stilicho ; Alaric be

k 1 0 . . sieges and sac s Rome (4 A G 570 .

G . . 0 . c . ermanic conquest of Britain G 57

I - D . : d 8 A . i A . nvasion of the Huns , 3 7 453 or gin ; ttila ; Chélon s (Ae tius) ; Attila before Rome ; end of

0 . Hunnish empire . G . 57

- 0 D . : in A i I V A . i S a . fr e . i nvas on of the andals , 4 9 4 55 n p , k D l . ca ; Gaiseric sac s Rome (4 55 A . . ) Vanda ism

' G O I ° , S7 S7

Di E W 6 A . D . ssolution of the mpire in the est , 47

a t n . . ( 1 ) Weak emperors rule Rave na G 57 1 . ( 2 ) Odovacar deposes Romulus August ulus (Sign ifi /

1 . cance) . G . 57

(3) Some reasons for the decline of Rome .

- THE RoMANo GERMANI C KINGDOMS .

i . . 0 The Visigoth c . (The West Goths ) G 57 .

E . he o o ic b O h . h G d r . The strogot ic (T e ast oths ) T the

C 2 6 A . . : I ivilizer , 493 5 D temporary union of taly ;

- . 2 the Germans adopt Roman civilization . G 57 573 .

i I i 2 E E 6 A . D . Just nian , mperor n the ast , 5 7 5 5

' ( 1 ) Foreign policy : Belisa rius a n d Narses conquests AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 41

s O A of the Vandal , strogoths , Visigoths , vars ,

’

P . G . . 0 8 . ersians 574 , map p 5 ( 2 ) Internal policy : final codification of the law ; k - . 6 . public wor s (St Sophia) . G . 57 5 57 Plate XL , D 554 i E . urope in the time of Justinian , outl ne map 7 5

h : H 1 0 - 1 6 6 A . D . The danger from t e Persians eraclius , 4

G . 57 7

D . : i I 68 A . l The Lombard invas on of taly , 5 capita at

e n n f Pavia ; exarchate of Ra v a G . 587 . Mohammeda nism : career of Mohammed ; the Hegira A (6 2 2 . religious teaching ; Koran ; extent of

k 2 A o a E . c nquests ; att c upon urope (Tours , 73

- . 82 . l . 8 ater history G 57 579 , 5

The Franks and the Church . ( 1 ) The Merovingians : Clovis takes possession of

northern Gaul (48 1 A . conversion of Clovis and the Franks to Catholic Christianity ' ” (496 A. mayors of the palace ; Charles

- 2 A . . 0 2 M 8 8 86 . artel at Tours (73 G 5 5 , 5

2 : d e Ch ( ) The growth of the church lea rs ( rysostom , A A Jerome , ugustine , Boniface) ; rian heresy ; temporal power ; conversion of the barbarians ;

Spiritual authority of Rome ; papacy of Leo I .

— 6 8 86 . G. 5 7 , 5 3 5

a k . (3) The C rolingian ings , Pippin, Charlemagne k D . : a ki 1 A . ( ) Pippin , ng of the Fran s , 75 de ' position oi the last Merovingian ; dona ” - . 86 8 . tion of Pippin . G 5 5 7

- h . b C l 68 8 1 A D . : c ( ) ar emagne , 7 4 haracter ;

i n conquests , espec ally of the Saxo s and Lombards ; extent of empire ; relations to

R 80 0 A . D . the papacy ; oman emperor,

- 8 2 . 1 S fi . . 8 . ( igni cance) G 5 59 , map p 5 7

0 G E h t iin e ( ) eography, urope in t e of Charle

8 . magne , outline map 9

Roman contributions to modern civilization . DIR ECTIONS FOR MAP W OR K

IN THE IVANHOE HISTORICAL NOTE BOOK'

i n ex a ctl l k i i Copy d rectio s y on b an page oppos te map ind cated . ' ” ‘ The words r ed and bla ck refer to the use of red a n d black i ll in k . R bu t i ivers , includ ng those not ca ed for, necessary to den

t a k e n d m oti n t a in s hich e ti y a location , lso la s , isla s , , w do not app ar on the map should b e dr awn in in black .

I H MAP 3 . OR ENTAL ISTORY

i fl II II V VII I B ased ch e y on Sanborn , maps , I , I, , XX V,

Indi cate the following

a ter S stems R Ci ties e tc . R W y ( ed) , ( ed)

Nile R .

R U G. . ed Sea r , p 3

- f G. . C l K l i G. . Persian Gul , p 3 Sidon ha dea ( a d ) , p 3

i -er AC Med terranean Sea (Land of) Sum , of

a i . G. . Sam r a cad , p 3

D amascus

N ur G. . . i i ipp , p 3 Mt S na

. 60 A G . gade , p

Cities etc R Ecb G. . , ( ed) atana , p 3 Susa

Lydi a G . p . 3

Karna k) Lebanon Mts .

hili in G. . Sais P st es , p 3

t . . . G m G . Fayu , p 3 Hit ites , p 3 Pyrami ds of Gizeh Lower Egyp t Medi a Babylon Scythee B e prepared to ind icate the extent ( I) of the E arly Babylon ia n empire ; ( 2 ) of Egypt under the e ight e e nth d yn asty ; (3) of

he . 60 . hi f . G. D i a I . N t ivi i ar s ote c e d s ons , p AN OUTLIN E or GRE EK AND ROMAN HISTORY 43

M AP E 9 . ARLY GREE CE

n b V X . Based on Sa orn , maps III , III

C in r e i d bla ck. ities , everyth ng else in Ilium (Troy) Corinth as Sicyon

r chom en u s D k D E R O ( raw La e Sparta ( raw urotas . )

n Copa is a d C ephisus R . )

Megara Delphi Thebes (B oeotia ) Smyrna

M AP I I G EEK C L A D P RE C . R O ONIES N A NT ITIE S

B s b VI I XI XXVI XXI XXX a ed on San orn , maps I , II , I , II , III P a re n t Ci ty Colon y (Black) (R e d ) (Black) (R e d )

Acr a a s Dorians . g Croton Cyrene

s z lis . o . N i O . Locris Locri Miletus aucrat , region of C C i P halcis halcid ce Hellespont, ropontis ,

C a k Eux um e Bosporus , Blac ( ine) Sea Neapolis NIega r a Byzantium Syr acuse Phocze a Corcyra — Cyprus Potid ae a

Extend coast for Massili a and d r aw Rhone R . B e prepared to ind icate the Phoeni cian areas of coloniz ation as

n . . C u C . iVe G. 8 N U g in , p 9 ote iti m , tica , arthage , Gades 44 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN ' HISTORY

MAP T 1 7 . HE STATES AND B OUNDARIES OF GREECE

VIII XIII . XIII i Based on Sanborn maps , Map s best for

m s : h k o t of t e wor .

Wa ter Systems (Black) M oun ta i n s (Black Districts (Red)

’ i r n ic i a i h Corinth an , Séi o C th eron Cor nt us A olic L r a con ia n M e sse . is g , , Mt Parnes Megar nian gulfs

R . Peneus . (Thessaly) Mt Hymettus

A h R Pafnon c elous .

ur R a e t us E otas . T yg

Al h R Er m n p eus . y a thus

e . C phisus R . (Boeotia) Mt Ithome La ke Copa is (Draw) Districts Red) Lacon ia M oun ta in s (Black) Messene Ca mbun ia n Elis Pindus Arcadi a

l C n uria Mt . O ympus y Othrys Argolis n A i Mt . Par assus cha a ic ic Mt . Hel on S yon s Label di stricts and d ra w boundarie in a broken red li n e .

C O T A D P R A AS MAP 1 9 . IONI REV L N E SI N INV IONS

a VIII X II a n d Rothert ma . B a sed on S a nborn , m ps , I , p 5

Events of Sardis (dr aw Hermus R . )

Ion ic Revolt Ephesus (draw Ca yst e r R . )

— I . 499 494 B . C . Lade (Draw)

(Red) Miletus (draw Ma a n d e r R . ) Expedition of

M rd on ius I di c r u fl a n d a rm a oken red a , n ate o te of eet y by br

49 2 B . C . li ne . o (Red) Mt . Ath s AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HI STORY 45

Expedition of Indicate route of fleet by a dotted r ed line Datis and Eretria Art a phe rn es Marathon

0 49 B . C . [Paros] (Red) [Naxos] Indicate route of fleet and army by a cont inuous Expedition of r ed line P 80 dr R . Xerxes , 4 Tempe ( aw eneus )

he rm o lm A i T py , rtemis um Delphi A i thens , Salam s

E S I THE AGE OF PER C ES MAP 2 3 . ATHN N I L

B XIIIa XIV . 1 ased on Sanborn , maps , , Goodspeed , map , p 47

All places in r ed . Wall of Themistocles Long Walls (muri lon gi) Areopagus Piraeus Agora

Ph le . 1 a rum . . 1 N Theseum G p 47 , o 4 Pnyx Acropolis Lyceum Parthenon

Di Di . . 1 pylon Gate Theatre of onysus G p 47 ,

2 Outer Ceramicus No . 7 2 8 o l m . 1 . R A E O e um . N ads to cademy, leusis , y p G p 47 , o

Be prepared to draw a map of the Acropolis Showing the Pr o

lma W A D d P a r py , Temple of ingless Victory, thena the efen er ,

E O D . G. . 1 . thenon , rechtheum , deum , Theatre of ionysus , p 4 7 46 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

M AP MIS CELLANE OUS LIST

VI XI I . Based on Sanborn , maps II , II , XV, V

All places in r ed .

e um . D Sig Mt Pentelicus , ( raw) Thracian Chersonese Naxos Tegea Thasos

ZEgin a Eur ymedon R . (Extend Eleusis coast and draw river)

h 2 B D 6 . . D odona Mt . It ome (4 C ) ( raw)

) e Olympia (Draw Alpheus R . Naupa tus Nemea Thur ii (Italy) (Extend coa st)

C . D elos (Draw) Tanagra (4 57 B . )

(En B . . Laurium (La urius M . ) (Draw) ophyt a (457 C )

M AP 2 E E S I OF H R Y YE A D 2 7 . V NT ( ) T I T ARS N ( )

- F Y C. C L A H OR 1 B . O SI I I N IST , 4 3 3 3 7

on b V XI XXI Based San orn, maps III , II , II .

All in r ed .

Ath ens 4 1 5 Epid a mn us 4 1 3 B C . a 2 . B . C Plat ea (4 7 ) .

1 b M 2 . Les os , ytilene (4 7 B C . ) B 'C orcyra (4 2 7 . C . ) P S ha ct e ria D hi C 1 2 B . C . ylos , p ( raw) os (4 ) 13 C 2 1 1 . (4 5 4 3 Samos (4 1 B C . )

D m 2 . C . 0 C 1 0 eliu (4 4 B ) 4 4 yzicus (4 B . C ,

B . A s 2 2 C . Not ium 0 mphipoli (4 ) (4 7 B . C . )

D R . A in usze . ( raw Strymon ) rg I . (40 6 B . C ) 1 B Mantinea (4 8 . C . ) (Draw)

M elos D ZE os ot i 0 l ( raw) g p a m (4 5 B . L (Draw)

48 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

- MAP . E E 1 C 3 7 V NTS 3 38 46 B . .

I I VII XII Based on Sanborn , maps II , V , , I , and Goodspeed ,

m a ° 2 ° p: P 34

red . Places in B oundaries not required . From m a p 33

1 . . Cufi a x a (40 B Cypru s (387 B . C )

ll I R {Pe a ndus . r n icusR ‘ H G a . d s s . . D a R D l (334B . C ) ( raw) y pe ( raw) Halicarnassus Alexan der Gord ium Ge d rosia I s b h . . t e s us (333 B C ) B a ylon , Susa P s 2 . . E a n e i Great Tyre (33 B C ) cb ta a , rsepol

— 336 3 2 3 Gaza Tigris R . h s B . Eu r t e . B . 2 a R C . Alexandria in Egypt(33 . C ) p Ammonium

l . Arbe 1 . I a (33 B C ) ( Bactria

I i h h Al n i bla ck li nd cate t e marc es of exa der by a cont nuous ne , the voyage of Ne a rchus by a broken bla ck line .

I 0 1 C ra n n on psus (3 B . C . ) A i D R ci R nt ochia ( raw Orontes . ) Seleu a hodes

i i R i 1 6 . . (T gr s . ) Cor nth ( 4 B C )

i 2 2 Lam a (3 B . C . )

T D V S O F THE E PI E OF EX DE MAP 3 9 . I I IO N M R AL AN R THE GREAT

2 R he r t 1 2 ot . Based on Goodspeed, map , p . 34 , and , map Be prepared to Show ( 1 ) the monarchies that arose out of the _ empire of Alexand er directly after the battle of Ipsus ; ( 2 ) the other important countries of that period . AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND R OMAN HISTORY 49 :

M AP E Y LA UM 45. ARL TI

XV . Based on Sanborn , map II

W r ed b i bla ck. ater systems and towns in , tri es and d stricts in

t r T n s Wa e S stems ow etc . y , Mare Supe rum (Adriatic Sea) Rome Mare In fe rum (Tusc an Sea) Sacred Mount

b R Saice r . Ti er . (Mons , 494 B A R A nio . lba Long a s f A B . D 0 . C llia R . (39 ) ( raw) O tia

C . R 6 . Liris . Veii (39 B )

Tr bes s ri i and Di t cts . (Determin e by rivers . ) Etruria (Etr uscans) Sabini

Latin i

AP T E AM A D EE M 53 . H S NITE N GR K

e b XV XX . Bas d on San orn , maps III , III

r d b e la ck. Towns and colonies in , districts in

— B R e C 1 . . om , apua (343 34 C ) 1 An tium

C a ud ium or i Wa r Samn te ,

2 1 C . Caudine Forks (3 B . ) 3 2 6 304 2

Fre e llae D i R . g , ( raw L ris ) Cimin ia n Forest (Cimi n i us Saltus)

n n 2 ‘ Se ti um ( 95 B . C . ) (Umbria) 50 AN OUTLINE OF GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY

a r wi h L cin ium W t a Pr . Tarentum Tarentum

r hu c and Py r s , Hera lea

' 2 8 1 — 2 7 2 ASculurn (Apulia ) z2 Ben e ve n tum B . C . 1 O i An tium st a, P mn e i D A i R . r st T bur, ( raw n o ) e Organization C aer e of Min t ur n ae Italy Arimin‘um Brundisium2 2 Venusia (Ap ulia)

1 — ol n Roma n C o y . 2 - Colon La tin y . rLiguria Etruria Umbria Pice n um Lati um Districts 4 l C m n i Ia pa a Samnium Apulia Luca nia

[Bruttia

MAP TALY 6 B C 57 . I IN 2 4 . .

r e i ic : a the a er Roma n us b the Be p epa r d to nd ate ( ) g , ( )

c l i s c h a i c o i s d h Ro a n roa s. 5 o on e ; ( ) t e L t n ol n e , ( ) t e m d s XVIII XXIII o n . b r , map ,

MAP THE PU C WARS 59 . NI

ovin c s in bla ck v hin e l in red . Boun aries Pr e , e eryt g se d ir qu ed . S la b Provin ces ' Sardi ni a Goodspeed Corsi ca m 6 a p, P 47 Cisalpin e Ga ul (n ot ye t a provin ce) OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 51

Messana

C . Numantia ( 1 33 B . ) Syracuse Agrige n tum

2 Mylee ( 6 0 B . C . )

{ Ecn om u s ( 2 56 B . C . ) Panormus n Lil baeum Sa born , y Dr epa n um I

ZE e S 2 1 . . D [ ga t I . ( 4 B C ) ( raw) Sanborn In c : c i i a . olon es Pla ent a , Cremon

d P — 0 S econ un i c a r 2 1 2 1 . W 8 . , B C

New Carthage (C arthago Nova) m Ibe rus R Saguntu , .

re n aei Pyrenees Mts . (Py ) (Draw ) Rh R R one ( hodanus) . D Alps ( raw) . R Po (Padus) .

c 2 8 D Ti in s e i R . 1 C u Tr b a . . w , ( B ) ( ra )

2 1 . . L . Trasimenus ( 7 B C ) (Draw) Roin e

n n m s R 2 1 6 D C a Aufid u . . . , ( B C ) ( raw) C apua Tarentum

D r h b k r ed i raw Hannibal s ma c in a ro en l ne .

D R C . . Metaurus . B . ) ( raw)

Carthage z m re i Z 2 2 . a ama ( 0 B . C ) ( a g a ) Numidia (not yet a province)

Provinces : Spain Hither and Farther (Follow exp lanation at bottom

of map) . 52 AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND R0MAN : HISTORY

E M AP 63 . ROM IN THE EAST d i bla ck r e . Prov nces in , the rest in

The E a st in 2 01 B . C

,

See map 3 9 . Add city d A i of Pergamum Goodspee , fr ca 6 S . . i ( , map p 47 Macedon a Achaia

G. . A i , p 434 , s a .

— C a 2 n d . Wa r 2 0 0 1 ynoscephal e ( Maced , 9 7 B . C . )

a A — 1 2 1 . . Thermopyl e with ntiochus , 9 89 B C D Magne sia ( raw Taurus M . )

— P d . a r 1 1 LO C W . . ydna (3 Maced , 7 7 B )

C . Corinth ( 1 46 B . )

MAP 1 E E 1 B C — 7 . V NTS 3 3 . . 1 4 A . D .

i c i bla ck r ed . n ot i . Prov n es n , the rest in Boundaries requ red

2 N Sanborn , map 3 arbo cc — B 1 TIZ IO C . 3 Cirta ( O . )

Ara usio

A a x tiae 1 0 2 . qu e Se ( B . C )

e e l 1 0 1 . V r c lae ( B . C )

— Cor fi n ium (9 1 88 B . C . )

Hie rosol m a Jerusalem (63 B . C . ) ( y )

Luca (56 B . C . ) Puteoli Tigra n ce rt a pT Ale sia /

2 t Sanborn, map 3 Helve ii ’ Caesar s conquest of Gaul (Red) Nervii Veneti l a m a I Ga llia N i 1 2 0 . . i c S nborn , p 3 , _ arbonens s ( B C ) Prov n es d e d . d 6 C 81 . . a Goodspeed, p 4 7 , Gallia isalpina ( B C ) l rBithynia and Pontus Syria Formed after

i t d . Wa r . 6 i ci l G , p . 47 C li a (en arged) and Cyprus 3 Mith ,

8 . (5 B . C ) I LCre t e and Cyren aica AN OUTLINE or GREEK AND ROMAN HISTORY 53

C a rrhae

Parthians (Regnum Pa rthorum )

R R D a r b . C u icon ( raw) ivil W ,

— C . Dyrrachium 49 45 B . ( C Pharsalus Tha psus (Africa) Munda b Z San orn , map ela ( 6 Mutina

Philippi (4 2 B . C . )

B . Actium (3 1 C . ) Lugd un um (Lyons) B ethlehem

a b m a Te ut obe r Te ut obur ie n S n orn , p g Forest (Saltus g

D . sis A . , 9 )

[Egyptus

o , M esia Rhaetia

Noricum

' Pannonia J

Be prepared to indicate ( 1 ) the senatorial provinces ; ( 2 ) the

e irn p ria l provinces (Three Gauls) ; (3) the allied states . Note

. e e d Spain S Goodspee p . 434 .

b XXX . San orn , map III

‘ P bla ck d d rovinces in ; boun aries not required . A ditions previous

'

C d r ed . to lau ius in Show the Three Gauls , Three Spains , and

Germania Superior and Inferior . B ritannia , Thrace Ad d e d by Claud ius M l Lycia , auretania D A acia , rmenia M A A b esopotamia , ssyria , dded y Trajan Arabia Pe trma 54 AN OUTLINE or GRE EK AND ROMAN HISTORY

sisted under Tra jan . (2 ) In di cate by a broken r ed lin e t he outer boun

darics of the empire under Trajan .

’ Complete Britain ; show Hadrian s a cum) in r ed .

AP EU OPE THE E M 7 5. R IN TIM 6 5 5 A . D .

d . 0 0 8 . B ase on Goodspeed, p 5 5, 5

ki in r ed . D ic . istr ts, ngdoms , etc ,

R th e fin l in r ed epresent al sett ements ,

k hi i . A e E . O ngles , Saxons , Jut s Got c ( strogoth c) h i W . Got ic (Visigoth c) k . Suevia n k Lombard 11 Roman Empire of the East ( r ed ) Burgun di an k Shade in r ed ad ditions made by

Da hna tia S in i C or , icily, Sard a,

bla ck. sica . Names in

MAP 7 7 . THE ROM AN FE CTURES AND DIO CE SE S

t he R in r ed h bla ck . epresent t e prefectures , and in dioceses

ir . G e d . . Boundaries not requ ed See ood sp e , p 493