OUR CREED: To perpetuate the memory of our shipmates who gave their lives in the pursuit of duties while serving their country. That their dedication, deeds, and supreme sacrifice be a constant source of motivation toward greater accomplishments. Pledge loyalty and patriotism to the of America and its constitution.

UNITED STATES VETERANS INCORPORTATED PALMETTO BASE NEWSLETTER August 2013

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Lost Boats / Crew Listing 3

Picture of the Month 14

Members 15

Honorary Members 15

CO’s Stateroom 16

XO’S Stateroom 17

Meeting Attendees 18

Minutes 18

Old Business 18

New Business 19

Good of the Order 20

Base Contacts 21

Birthdays 21

Welcome 21

Binnacle List 21

Quote of the Month 21

Word of the Month 21

Member Profile of the Month 22

Traditions of the Naval Service 25

Dates in U.S. Naval History 26

Dates in U.S. Submarine History 32

Submarine Memorials 47

Monthly Calendar 51

Submarine Trivia 52

Submarine Veterans Gulf Coast 2013 Annual Christmas Party Flyer 53

Advertising Partners 54

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USS Bullhead (SS-332)

Lost on: Lost on August 6, 1945 with the loss of 84 crew members in the Lombok Strait while on her 3rd war patrol when sunk by a dropped by 8/6/1945 a Japanese Army p lane. Bullhead was the last submarine lost during WWII.

NavSource.org

US Navy Official Photo

Class: SS 285 Commissioned: 12/4/1944 Launched: 7/16/1944 Builder: Electric Boat Co () Length: 312 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 10 , #Enlisted: 71 Fate: U. S. and British operating in the vicinity were unable to

NavSource.org contact Bullhead and it was presumed that she was sunk during Japanese antisubmarine attacks. 84 men lost. Bullhead was the last boat lost in WWII.

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Crew Listing QM2 Alfred Aiple Jr. SM1 Percy Johnson Jr. YN2 Harold A Anderson EMC Joseph W Jones S1 Robert H Barringer RT3 Richard A Keister MoMM1 George L Bell EM3 Jacob J Kopf S1 James D Benner ENS W.A Kulczycki MoMM2 Walter E Bertram MoMM2 Roy K Marin RT2 Harold R Bridgstock TM3 Jack P Markham MoMM2 Ralph M Brume MoMM3 Harry A McDermott TM2 Kadzmir J Buczek TM3 George P Morgan TMC Richard B Burns TM2 Oscar V Nassas MoMM1 Ray W Church F1 Paul W Olson EM3 James F Collings S1 Paul F Overbeek MoMM3 Howard E Crandall F1 Richard W Palmer MoMM3 Elmer M Dahl GM1 William J Parks F1 Glen M Davidson LTjg Joseph J Parpal MoMM2 Jerry K Davidson TM3 Robert M Pattengale EM2 Charles J Day SO2 Robert S Patterson SC1 Charles W Dougherty EM1 William M Peart QMC Edward M Engebretsen MoMM1 Robert J Perry RM3 James R Fahey LT(XO) Keith R Phillips F1 Ralph G Foster SC3 Carl W Piatt QM3 Kenneth E Foust MoMMC Richard A Pinder RM2 Fred C Fritz TM3 William J Ralston Jr. EM3 Charles W Gay EM3 Robert J Ritchie RM3 Joseph P Gilheany Jr. EM1 John A Roberts LTjg Paul A Gossett S1 Jesse Sandoval S1 Clyde M Graves F1 Lee A Schlegel EM3 William F Greaves F1 Orville G.H Schmidt SM2 Hubert B Hackett TM1 William F Short LT E.D HackmaJr. SC3 Bert Shuey Jr. GM2 John L Hancock FC2 Dale M Siefken QM3 John J Harris LTjg Jack Simms BM2 William P Hawkins PhM1 Edward M Smida MoMM2 George V Heaton RMC Carl J Smith MoMMC Thomas P Helferich EMC William M Smith LTjg Donald O Hendrikson RT2 Frank T Stifter LCDR(CO) Edward R Holt Jr. LTjg Raymond W Strassle S1 LaVerne W Huisman S1 Charles H Taylor TM2 William Ireland MoMM3 Melvin Tobias EM2 Lester L Jenkins MoMMC Andrew T Watson EM3 James R Jensen S1 Lyle L Webb QM2 Fred J Jewell MoMM3 Elmer J Wiersman

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USS Flier (SS-250)

Lost on August 13, 1944, with the loss of 80 crew members while on her 2nd war patrol. Flier was transiting on the surface when she was rocked by Lost on: a massive explosion (probably a mine) and sank within less than a minute. 8/13/1944 13 survivors, some injured, made it into the water and swam to shore. 8 survived and 6 days later friendly natives guided them to a Coast Watcher and they were evacuated by the USS Redfin.

US Navy Official Photo

BC Patch Class: SS 212 Commissioned: 10/18/1943 Launched: 7/11/1943 Builder: Electric Boat Co (General Dynamics) Length: 307 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 6, #Enlisted: 54 Fate: Flier was sunk by a mine in the 12 Aug 1944. 78 men lost. 8 men survived, swimming

to shore. Numerous others made it NavSource.org out of the boat, but drowned.

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Crew Listing MoMm2 A.J Abrahamson MoMM2 Harry S Holtyn TM2 Victor J Anderson MoMMC Edgar W Hudson ENS Herbert A Baehr TM3 Sol Kantor MoMM2 George J Banchero MoMM3 Oliver W Kisamore CK3 Clyde Banks RMC Walter J Klock RM2 Paul F Barron LT Paul Knapp S1 William H Bivens EM1 Joseph W Kucinski EM3 Thomas L Bohn TM2 George R Laderbush MoMM1 Ervin A Borlick TM3 Richard A Lambert MoMMC William J Brooks MoMM1 James Leroy F1 Elton S Brubaker TM1 Boyd O Lindeman MoMM1 Edwin Canady F2 Gerald F Madeo LT John E Casey ENS P.S Mayer S1 Christian J Christensen S1 Edward H McCoy S1 Charles W Clawson MoMM3 Vernon C McLane TM2 Roland J Cosgrove ENS Herbert a Miner S1 Charles L Courtright S1 Vernon L Moench EM1 William F Cowhey F1 Victor J Murawski EM3 John W Cowie EM1 Harvey L Myers MoMM2 Robert A Cushman TM3 Joseph G Nicholson MoMM3 Waite H Daggy RM2 David H Nordhof MoMM1 Peter A Daros EM1 Charles W Parker TM2 Thomas A Donovan S2 Chester Payne YN2 Walter E Dorriscott MoMM3 George W Phillips Jr. QM2 Earle W Dressell EMC Mason Poole YN2 James E Elder GMC Charles D Pope EM3 Harry G Ericson S1 Kit J Pourciau EM3 Frank W Falowski LTjg W.L Reynolds MoMM1 Fred E Fender MoMM1 Michael N Ricciardelli RM3 Bernard V Fite SM1 Robert C Rose S1 Walter D Freeman F1 Donald N See PhM1 Peter A Gaideczka SC3 Alvin L Skow GM3 Joseph J Galinac MoMMC James E Snyder TM1 Clyde A Gerber EM1 Jerrold C Taylor BK3 Melvin G Getchell SM1 John C Turner MoMM2 Joseph W Grimshaw MoMM2 Paul A Vest TMC Kenneth L Gwinn RT2 James F Vogt BM2 Gale W Hardy TM1 Lucius P Wall S1 Eugene W Heller SC1 James E Westmoreland

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USS S-39 (SS-144)

Lost on: Lost on August 14, 1942 after grounding on a reef south while on her 3rd war patrol. The entire crew was able to get off and rescued by the HMAS 8/14/1942 Katoomba.

US Navy Official Photo

NavSource.org

Class: SS S Commissioned: 9/14/1923 Launched: 7/2/1919 Builder: Bethlehem Steel Co Length: 219 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 4, #Enlisted: 34 Fate: S-39 grounded on submerged rocks off Rossel Island and took on a 35° list to

NavSource.org port. The crew was rescued. The S-39 was abandonded and left to "break up" on the rocks.

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USS Harder (SS-257)

Lost on August 24, 1944 with the loss of 84 crew members from a depth Lost on: charge attack by a minesweeper near Bataan while on her 6th war patrol. Harder had won a Presidential Unit Citation for her first 5 war patrols and 8/24/1944 CDR Dealey was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor posthumously. Harder is tied for 9th in the number of enemy ships sunk.

US Navy Official Photo NavSource.org Class: SS 212 Commissioned: 12/2/1942 Launched: 8/19/1942 Builder: Electric Boat Co (General Dynamics) Length: 312 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 6, #Enlisted: 54 Fate: Sunk by Japanese 24 Aug 1944. 79 men lost. CDR. Dealey, "a submariner's submariner," was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.

NavSource.org Harder received six battle stars for World War II service.

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Crew Listing MoMM2 Charles R Altherr LT(XO) Samuel M Logan MoMM2 Robert O Baber MoMMC John P Lonas SC3 Walter F Beutelspacher TM3 Harvey A Lynn Jr. MoMM3 Robert A Blum EM1 Frank P Majuri GM3 Sumter Bourg EM2 Ralph E Manning SM1 Wayne A Brostrom EM2 Frank B McGrevy LTjg Thomas W Buckner BK3 Gordon K McWilliams RM2 Calvin A Bull RM2 Benjamin R Medley MoMM1 Vivian J Cash TMC Chester Miller F1 Roland R Chenard EM3 Robert R Mills RT2 Wilbur L Clark MoMM2 Charles A Moffett Jr. MoMM1 John C Conley SM2 Otto J Moore S1 Harold F Crask CK2 Robert Moore SM2 James E Cromwell EM2 Arthur B Morgan MoMM2 Donald B Dahlheimer S1 Roy B Moss TM1 Vincent L Dallessandro TM2 Myles H Murray CDR(CO) Samuel D Dealey S1 Thomas D Ogilvie F1 Edwin W DeVoe MoMM2 Larry A Opisso RM1 William V Diamond S1 Elroy R Peck FC2 James M Edgar S1 Richard S Pick Machinist Carl E Finney S1 Ralph E Pratt MoMM3 George R Fisher Jr. EM2 Robert P Przybilla TM3 Robert L Gifford S1 Marvin M Rogers MoMM2 Joseph L Glueckert TM3 Max M Rogers YN1 Daniel J Gully ENS Robert B Roosevelt ENS Walter O Haloupek ENS Philip T Sampson Radar Electronics Hiram D Hatfield MoMM2 Francis X Scheibelhut TM1 Earl V Hood MoMM3 Melvin Schwartz MoMMC Vard W Hutcherson RM3 Donald J Simon LTjg Daniel R James LTjg Vernard L Sloggett MoMM3 Roy E Jones TM2 Austin Smith GM1 Freeman Paquet Jr. MoMM1 John W Snipes Jr. EMC Roland W Keckler TM3 Walker N Snyder EM2 James H Kellogg COX Lloyd H Sommerschield S1 George W Lakey MoMM3 Nelson Spice EM3 Joseph M Lane MoMM3 John T Swagerty MoMM3 Henry W Lawson TM3 Leonard White RT2 George B Levin SC2 Buford Young S1 Sylvester B Lilley MoMM2 William G Zander PhM1 Angelo LoCascio

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USS Cochino (SS-345)

Lost on August 26, 1949 after being jolted by a violent polar gale off Norway caused an electrical fire and battery explosion that generated Lost on: hydrogen and chlorine gasses. In extremely bad weather, men of Cochino and Tusk (SS-426) fought to save the submarine for 14 hours. After a 2nd 8/26/1949 battery explosion, Abandon Ship was ordered and Cochino sank. Tusk's crew rescued all of Cochino's men except for one civilian engineer. Six sailors from Tusk were lost during the rescue.

US Navy Official Photo Mike Smolinski

Class: SS 285 Commissioned: 8/25/1945 Launched: 4/20/1945 Builder: Electric Boat Co (General Dynamics) Length: 312 , Beam: 27 #Officers: 10 , #Enlisted: 71 Fate: Men of Cochino and Tusk(SS-426) fought to save the submarine for 14 hours, performing acts of skillful Official Navy Photo seamanship and high courage. But a second battery explosion made "Abandon Ship" the only possible order, and Cochino sank at 71°35' N., 23°35' E.

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USS TUSK (SS-426) Crew Listing FN Robert Francis BrunnerJr. EN2 James Robert Miller EMC John George Guttermuth SN Robert Lee Pinney SA Melvin Buck HennebergerJr. LT(jg) Wilson Manley Shafer Jr.

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USS Pompano (SS-181)

Lost on August 29, 1943 (between Aug 8 and Sept 27) with the loss of 76 men while on her 7th war patrol. Before being lost, she sank two enemy Lost on: cargo ships. The exact cause of her loss remains unknown, but she probably 8/29/1943 fell victim to a mine. This boat's last known ship sunk happened on Sept 25th, so she probably hit that mine on or after that date but before Oct 5th, when she was scheduled back at Midway.

Navy Photo / NavSource.com

BC Patch

Class: SS 172 Commissioned: 6/12/1937 Launched: 3/11/1937 Builder: Navy Yard Length: 298 , Beam: 25 #Officers: 5, #Enlisted: 45 Fate: Sunk, probably by Japanese mines in the Western Pacific, Sept. 1943. 76 men lost

NavSource.org

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Crew Listing MoMM1 Don E Allen EMC Charles A Madden MoMM2 Leonard M Anstine F1 Raymond L Mansfield S1 Jesse L Appel F1 Donald P Masucci S1 John J Bennett MoMM1 Cleo L Matthews S1 Robert D Bissell LT(XO) Thomas P McGrath TM2 Carl Blum F2 William G Messerschmidt G.S Brooks Jr. GM3 Robert G Meyer MoMM2 James J Buckley TM2 William A Mikkelson LT R.W Carlson TM3 Arthur M Moitz TMC Robert F Case TM2 Raymond D Morgan MoMM1 Lee E Caskey F1 Bernard J O'Connell FC3 William O Christian SC1 Jay S Owen QM2 Huston Q Cravens S1 Howard S Page F1 Chester A Delbridge QM3 Phillip D Parady MoMM2 William W.W Dennis MoMMC Chester R Phillips SM1 George E Eaves F1 Wayne C Proctor EM2 Charles F Feazelle EM2 Walter Pyzow SM3 George A Gaffney Jr. PhM1 Cleo T Rafferty EM2 Edward J Galloway TM2 G. Russell Reed SM1 Sherman Ganious F2 Peter Revotskie TM2 Veldean Gipson RM3 Robert L Rice MoMM2 John F Graeflin F2 Vincent P Ritzenheim YN1 John W Hanson EM2 Arthur D Rodgers F1 William W Hastings SC1 William H Rogers GM2 Theodore P Helms BK3 Stanley F Rokosz MoMM2 Robert B Jenckes F1 Joseph Rubscha Jr. MoMM2 John D Jenkins RT1 Frank B Scott MoMM2 George A Jennings F2 Joseph N Shedloski RM1 Otis P Johnigan F2 Irvin G Slinden EM3 Stanley F Johnson TM1 Vernon L Swanson EM1 Martin L Keesee LCDR(CO) Willis M Thomas LT J.H Lassiter TM3 Virl R Wagner EM3 Eugene G Laux EM3 Michael J Warwick SM1 Wesley L Leonard S1 David W White LT R Lorenz MoMMC Charlie A Wilson

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The Bullhead (SS-332) rescues an Army pilot at sea, during a Pacific war patrol, circa Spring 1945. Note the Asian small sailing craft alongside the submarine. This photo was received by the Navy Photo Science Laboratory on 20 June 1945. It was taken by Stephen F. Birch.

Source: http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08332.htm

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Brian Steffen Senior Vice CDR : Tom Paige Junior Vice CDR : Randy Browning Secretary : George “Scram” Kokolis Treasurer : J. P. Watson Chaplain : Bob Miller Chief of the Boat : Jim “Snake” Stark Webmaster : Mark Basnight Storekeeper : Ken Fuhr Kap(SS) 4 Kid(SS) Chair : Don Van Borsch Events Chair : Allen “Buzz” Danielson Fund Raising Chair : Ted R. Schneeberg Committee Chair : Tom O’Brien Ship’s Photographer : Jim Null Newsletter Editor : Randy Browning Bereavement Chair : Randy Browning

Milt Berkey John J. Krause James L. Charbonneau Harold R. Lane Tracy R. Charbonneau Charles Mink D. W. Eggleston Bob Molchan Ronald Friend Mark Morgan Julian Galloway David Nates Joseph E. Gawronski John Nesbitt Joseph L. Geiger Larry Peay Glenn E. Harris Tommy Richardson William “Bill” Hicks James P. Scott Stoney Hilton Vince Seay Michael Hoadley Leonard M. Snell John Jeffries John Solis Kenneth Johnson L. E. Spradlin James N. Kirby Jerry Stout Arnold Kirk Thomas N. Thompson Ross Kline Jeffro M. Wagner

Judy Cline Charlie MacKenzie Medal of Honor Recipient, Holland Club, Plankowner, Past District Commander, Past Base Commander, Past Senior Vice Commander, Past Junior Vice Commander, Past Secretary, Past Treasurer, Past Chaplain, Palmetto Base Hall of Fame, Palmetto Silver Star Award

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Good Afternoon Gentlemen,

Been an eventful month, Tuesday began at Palmetto Richmond Memorial at the children’s oncology section, making honorary submariners of 23 children ranging in age from 3 to 17. The kids have a spirit and attitude that could teach others. The smile we put on their face with a teddy bears and certificates I cannot describe. Pictures were put on our Facebook page and my own. Then I went to the VA hospital, where my fiancé had taken her father that morning, with a stomach ache. A week earlier he had been hospitalized for five days for diverticulitis in Orangeburg Hospital, started out as stomach pains, lower right area (thought it was appendicitis) After six and half hours maybe seven he had a severe pain and then in a minute, was gone. An aneurism, over 8 cm long, took his life in a matter of minutes. His daughter and I were with him at the end. Life is too short, if you have tiff with a relative, forget it, it you care for anyone, let them know, tell them, swallow your pride to mend any and all broken fences in your life, on you death bed is too late!

Tis the time of year to begin membership dues drive. Thom will be accepting the payments. Remember, you only have to December 24 to pay them, we need a couple of days to mail them in. If, not paid, your longevity goes back to zero. Now if its an issue or a problem to pay, talk to me, Thom, or any of the officers. We will take care of you, that’s what we are all about…

All our congressmen are home, on vacation, and all are encouraged to go and see and talk to your elected official, let them know you vote, and you care how they “take care of veterans like you”, ask their view and pending issues, Tricare, whatever….let them know you exist.

Our cruise is not happening and options are welcome and appreciated for a group get together, be it cook out or, whatever the base wants, we will do. It is YOUR base and your desires drive it.

Good Night and hope to each and every one Tuesday at Flight Deck.

Respectfully, Brian

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Brothers of the Fin,

Here is my contact information if you need it: Thomas E. Paige 522 Oxford Court Lexington, SC 29072 (H) 803-808-1801 (C) 803-413-7437 [email protected]

Thank You and Take Care, Thomas E Paige

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Milt Berkey Jim Null Derick Blauchard Tom Paige Randy Browning Brian Phillips Allen “Buzz” Danielson Tommy Richardson D. W. Eggleston Dan Siddall Eve Fuhr Lisa Siddall Ken Fuhr Shelby Siddall Joseph E. Gawronski John Solis Savannah Griffin Jim “Snake” Stark Bill Hicks Brian Steffen Michael Hoadley Thomas N. Thompson Ross Kline Jeffro M. Wagner George “Scram” Kokolis Michael Warn Mark Morgan

• Call to Order : 1900 hours by the Base Commander • Invocation : Allen “Buzz” Danielson • Pledge of Allegiance: Base Commander. • The Tolling of the Boats : Vice Commander and COB. • Member Introduction : 18 members and 9 guests were present. • Base Secretary’s Report : Approved as written in the newsletter. • Treasurer’s Report $6,722.00 (Kap(SS) 4 Kid(SS): $3,421.00, Float Fund: $1,780.00 and Operating Fund: $1,451.00) was accepted.

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• The July 4 th Peach festival was a good time, pictures are on facebook and our website • Tom Paige tells us about the Knights of Columbus’ program to use the stars from retired flags • Junior Vice Commander informed the membership about the availability of the Safety Deposit Box, no one has used it yet. • Junior Vice Commander suggests that Caughman Funeral Home comes to speak to membership • DW reminds us that he makes the nametags for members

• Korean War vets, on July 27 and 26, will make a trip to the Korean War Memorial to commemorate 60 years since the cease fire • Base Commander informed the membership that the Groton SubVets base issues have been resolved and the CO has resigned • Kap(SS) for Kid(SS) will have an event on August 13 and 15, at 10:30 at the Children’s Hospital in Richland Memorial, certificates and teddy bears will be presented, we will interact with the children during their treatment • Base Commander informed the membership that Congress is attempting to balance the federal budget by cutting veteran services and hazardous duty pay, tells membership to contact representatives via phone or email • Tommy Richardson tells us of his interest in the funeral home business and that he may be able to assist membership with regards to end-of-life issues • Tommy Richardson asked if it is appropriate for him to use the old SubVets business cards that still list him as Base Commander. • Tommy Richard informed the membership that Sheriff Metts is the longest consecutive serving Republican Sheriff, asks us to attend the Sheriff’s advisory Council on Thursday at noon • Junior Vice Commander informed that the VA system was expanding in a good way, now funding is being cut and that veterans must make noise about the issue and stand up • Base Commander asks us about our interest in the Lake Murray Cruise, Buzz says he will get more information • Tommy Richardson suggests that the Palmetto base have an annual “Halfway night” of some type • A suggestion is brought up that we have one monthly meeting on the Spirit of Lake Murray and kill 2 birds with 1 stone • Jim Null tells us that due to security concerns, there will be no more deployment ceremonies; however, graduation ceremonies and holidays are still available to be of service • Vice Commander suggests that the base look into producing business cards with stock/canned information about the base, so everyone can have a standard card to pass out to prospective members • Motion made and seconded to adjourn

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• None

Benediction : Allen “Buzz” Danielson

Depth Charge :

• $76.00 : Thomas N. Thompson who donated it back to the base • Magnetic Bumper Sticker : George “Scram” Kokolis • Navy Hat : Michael Hoadley • Candle donated by John Solis : Savannah Griffin

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Commander : Brian Steffen (803) 897-2480 [email protected] Vice Commander : Tom Paige (803) 808-1801 [email protected] Junior Vice CDR .: Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected] Secretary : George Kokolis (803) 460-5882 [email protected] Treasurer : J. P. Watson (803) 361-4193 [email protected] COB : Jim Stark (803) 957-7153 [email protected] Chaplain : Bob Miller (803) 603-0538 [email protected] Bereavement: Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected] Newsletter : Randy Browning (803) 808-7065 [email protected] Storekeeper : Ken Fuhr (803) 413-3657 [email protected]

Joe Gawronski – August 16th None Charlie Mink – August 18th James Kirby – August 22nd Joe Geiger – August 24th

Evelyn Fuhr Julian Galloway Bob Miller Bob Miller’s daughter

“You cannot shake hands with a clenched fist.” Indira Gandhi

Source: http://www.famousquotesandauthors.com/topics/courage_quotes.html

Lacerate \ LAS-uh-reyt \ , verb;

1. to tear roughly; mangle: The barbed wire lacerated his hands . 2. to distress or torture mentally or emotionally; wound deeply; pain greatly: His bitter criti cism laceratedmy heart .

Origin : Lacerate entered English in the late 1500s from theLatin lacer meaning "mangled" or "torn."

Source: http://dictionary.reference.com/wordoftheday

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QMQ3(SS) James P. Scott

James enlisted in the navy in 1955 and separated in 1958 as a QMQ3 (Submarines) with 4 years of service. James qualified in the USS Grouper (SS-214).

USS Grouper (SS-214) a Gato -class submarine, was the only ship of the to be named for the grouper, a saltwater fish noted as a gamefish and for its food values. Grouper was launched by the Electric Boat Co., Groton, Conn. on 27 October 1941 (sponsored by Mrs. Albert F. Church), and commissioned at New London on 12 February 1942, Lieutenant Commander C. E. Duke in command.

1942 After shakedown in Long Island Sound, Grouper sailed for Pearl Harbor on 30 March 1942 to join the Pacific Submarine Force, which was to play havoc on Japanese shipping. Before departing for her first war patrol, Grouper was assigned to the submarine screen which ringed the area as the American and Japanese fleets clashed in the decisive . Patrolling the fringe of the fighting on 4 June, Grouper sighted two burning enemy aircraft carriers, but could not close for attack because of heavy air cover. On that day, she was strafed by fighter planes and driven deep in a series of aircraft and destroyer attacks which saw over 170 depth charges and bombs dropped on the novice submarine. 22

The next day, as the battle still raged, Grouper crash-dived to avoid heavy bombers. She then put in at Midway for three days for fuel and provisions before sailing on her first war patrol on 12 June. She torpedoed and damaged two Japanese maru (civilian) ships before returning to Pearl Harbor on 30 July.

On her second patrol (28 August – 9 October), Grouper sank two freighters, Tone Maru on 21 September and Lisbon Maru on 1 October. It was later learned that Lisbon Maru was carrying 1800 British POWs from ; over 800 died in the sinking.

On her third patrol (12 November – 31 December) to Brisbane, , on 17 December, she encountered and sank Bandoeng Maru , a passenger-freighter headed for the with troop reinforcements.

1943 During her fourth war patrol (21 January – 18 March 1943), Grouper rescued an aviator who had been stranded on Rengi Island for several days; she also located several key Japanese radar installations in the Solomons.

Grouper' s next four patrols netted her no further kills, despite several determined attacks, but the patrols illustrated the varied tasks submarines took on during the war. In addition to her regular patrol duties, which harassed Japanese shipping and tied up valuable warships desperately needed by the enemy, Grouper landed 50 men and 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) of gear on New Britain to carry on guerrilla warfare; at the same time, she rescued an American aviator who had been stranded there almost three months. At the conclusion of her eighth patrol, Grouper headed for the States and overhaul, reaching San Francisco on 19 October 1943.

1944 After returning to Pearl Harbor on 7 January 1944 for additional repairs, the veteran submarine sailed for her ninth war patrol on 22 May. This patrol netted Grouper what was to be her last kill of the war, Kumanoyama Maru , which she sank in a night surface attack on 24 June. Grouper ’s final three war patrols found a lack of targets; American submarines had done their job on Japanese shipping too well for Grouper ’s purposes. She stood lifeguard duty during several air strikes and rescued seven downed aviators during raids on the Palaus in September 1944.

1945 – 1949 Returning to Pearl Harbor from her 12th and last war patrol on 26 April 1945, Grouper sailed the following day for San Francisco and overhaul. She returned to Pearl Harbor on 6 August, but V-J Day cancelled plans for another patrol, and on 9 September, Grouper , in company with Toro and Blackfish , sailed for New London. Four years of local operations and training exercises along the coast to and in the followed for Grouper . During this period, she chalked up two "firsts": in 1946 she became the first submarine to have a Combat

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Information Center installed, [5] and the following year she effected the first discharge and recovery of men from a submerged and underway submarine.

1950 – 1957 These operations ended 5 March 1950 as Grouper entered the Mare Island Naval Shipyard for conversion to the Navy's first "hunter-killer" submarine. Her classification was changed to SSK- 214 on 2 January 1951. With the addition of asnorkel and extensive and radar facilities, Grouper emerged from the yard on 27 June 1951 to pioneer in research on the deadly submarine-versus-submarine warfare. For the next eight years, as a unit of Submarine Development Group 2, Grouper worked to develop and test concepts of hunter-killer antisubmarine warfare. In this duty, she ranged along the East Coast from Nova Scotia to Florida, as well as participating in Caribbean exercises. In 1953 and 1955, exercises took Grouper across the Atlantic to Rothesay, via . In the fall of 1957, she then participated in NATO maneuvers.

1958 – 1962 Grouper was reclassified AG(SS)-214, 17 May 1958, and on 28 November 1959 she entered the Portsmouth Navy Yard for extensive modification. Her forward room was converted into a floating laboratory; work benches and additional berths for scientists were installed, and various types of sonar gear were added topside. Thus equipped, Grouper departed Portsmouth on 23 June 1960 to embark on the fourth phase of her long career, research vessel for the Naval Research and Underwater Sound Laboratories. Her duties as a floating laboratory took her frequently to the Caribbean and , although she retained New London as her home port and engaged in operations there and as as Nova Scotia. Her efforts were focused on the study of sound propagation in water. In December 1962, Grouper entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for overhaul and modification to prepare for further work in this field. Grouper left the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in May 1963 to resume her investigation of waterborne sound.

1964 – 1968 In June 1964, Grouper was awarded the coveted Battle Efficiency "E". In November 1965, the submarine again entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for overhaul and equipment modifications to increase her usefulness as a floating underwater sound laboratory. She departed Philadelphia on 1 May 1966, reached New London on 1 June, and headed for the Caribbean for intensive research. Her studies during 1966 also took her to Narragansett Bay and twice to Bermuda. At the beginning of 1967, Grouper was at New London preparing to resume gathering knowledge of underwater sound propagation.

As of 1968, Grouper was still adding accomplishments as a floating laboratory to her long and outstanding record during both war and peace.

Grouper received 10 battle stars for World War II service.

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From 1797 to the advent of steam there were only a few changes to the enlisted rating structure, however with the new shipboard environment as a result of steam, many new ratings were established. If you were asked to pinpoint the greatest advance in the Navy, the chances are that your answer would be the conversion from "sail" to "steam."

Shortly after the War of 1812, the Navy launched Demologos . She was our first warship to use steam and was later rechristened Fulton in honor of the builder of America's first steamboat. Many old-time Navymen, however, could not picture steam-powered machinery replacing wind and sail. Fulton was later equipped with sails by leaders of the old school and was not very active during her short career. She was used as a receiving ship until June 1829 when her magazine exploded and she was destroyed.

Through the efforts of far-seeing men like Commodore Matthew Perry, USN, the Navy was becoming steam-conscious. Perry, who is referred to as the father of the steam Navy, had been enthusiastic about the possibilities of steam while in charge of construction and in command of the Navy's second steam frigate Fulton II. Steam in time to come was hailed as the most important naval development since the cannon. Within four years after Fulton II, came the 1,700-ton side-wheelers Mississippi and Missouri , the U.S. Navy's first ocean-going side- wheeled steamers and first ocean-going steam driven capital ships. Later, in 1843, the U.S. Navy's first screw-driven steam-powered warship came into service as Princeton .

The steam era brought along many new changes that were swept up and carried ahead on the crest of modernization. These changes, moving slowly at first, quickly gathered speed. It has been said that it took 400 years for navies to shift from spears to gunpowder, 75 years from sail to steam, but less than 12 years from the unlocking of the atom, to nuclear power.

As steam in the Navy began to grow, changes to the enlisted rating structure began to appear to handle this new phase in the Navy's history. The Coal Heaver and Fireman in 1842; Machinist in 1866; Boilermaker in 1869; Engineer's Force Seaman in 1871; Engineer's Yeoman in 1874; Engineer's Blacksmith in 1880; Electrician in 1883 ( Trenton in 1883 was the first electrical ship and had a 13.2KW generator for lighting only); Oiler and Watertender in 1884, and "Plumber and Fitter" in 1893. These changes represented the birth of the Engineer's force, and the start of the "Black Gang" as they were to be called for many years.

Source: http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq78-1.htm

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August 1 1801 - U.S. schooner Enterprise captures Tripolitan ship Tripoli 1921 - Successful tests of gyroscopic high level bombsight (Norden Bombsight) at Torpedo Station, Yorktown, VA . Carl Norden developed the bombsight for the Bureau of Ordnance. 1946 - Office of Naval Research established 1950 - Control of transferred to Department of Interior 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) submerges under Arctic ice cap near Point Barrow August 2 1943 - PT-109 , under command of LTJG John F. Kennedy, cut in half by Japanese destroyer Amagiri 1943 - Naval task groups bombard Japanese forces on Kiska, 1950 - Amphibious force ships land Marine First Provisional Brigade at Pusan, helping to save this last area of from capture. 1964 - Three North Vietnamese PT boats attack USS Maddox (DD-731) in international waters in Gulf of Tonkin. Maddox sinks one. August 3 1804 - American Squadron, including USS Constitution , attacks Tripoli 1812 - Frigate Essex capture British brig Brothers 1861 - Construction of USS Monitor authorized 1861 - First manned ascent in a balloon from a ship, gunboat USS Fanny , to observe Confederate artillery position at , VA 1942 - Mildred McAffee (Horton) becomes the first woman officer commissioned into Naval Reserve. 1950 - First Marine Corps aviation mission against North Korea by VMF-214, from USS Sicily 1950 - First helicopter evacuation in Korea by VMO-6 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) is first ship to reach the geographic submerged. 1970 - USS James Madison (SSBN-627) conducts first submerged launching of Poseidon nuclear missile off Cape Kennedy

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August 4 1846 - Sailors and Marines from USS Congress capture Santa Barbara 1858 - First trans-Atlantic cable completed by USS Niagara and British ship Agamemnon 1944 - Fifth Fleet carrier task forces begin air attack against Iwo Jima and the Bonin Islands 1947 - Birthdate of the Medical Service Corps 1964 - The Navy and national intelligence sources report a North Venamese PT boat attack on USS Turner Joy and USS Maddox in the Tokin Gulf prompting Congress to pass the Tonkin Gulf Resolution on 7 August 1964. The attack was later disproven. August 5 1832 - Frigate Potomac is first U.S. Navy ship to entertain royalty, King and Queen of Sandwich Islands, Honolulu 1864 - RADM David Farragut wins Battle of Mobile Bay, sealing off last Confederate port on Gulf Coast 1882 - Authorizing of first steel warships, beginning of the modern Navy. 1915 - First air spotting for shore batteries at Fort Monroe, VA 1921 - Yangtze River Patrol Force established as command under Asiatic Fleet. 1953 - Exchange of prisoners of war of Korean Conflict (Operation Big Switch) begins 1967 - Operation Coronado III begins in Rung Sat Zone, 1990 - Navy and Marine Task Force (USS Saipan , USS Ponce , and USS Sumter ) begin evacuation of U.S. citizens and foreign nationals from Liberia during civil war. August 6 1862 - CSS Arkansas destroyed by her commanding officer to prevent capture by USS Essex. 1943 - Battle of Vella Gulf begins. US sink 3 of 4 Japanese destroyers. 1945 - Atomic bomb detonated over Hiroshima, . Navy weaponeer, Captain W.S. Parsons, USN, armed the atomic bomb on the B-29 bomber, Enola Gay. 1990 - President George Bush orders Operation Desert Shield, largest overseas deployment since Vietnam, to protect Saudi Arabia after Iraqi's invasion of Kuwait. 1997 - Naval Forces on Guam help rescue and begin providing medical care to survivors of Korean Airlines Flight 801 that crashed on Guam. August 7 1782 - Badge of Military Merit (Purple Heart) established 1942 - Navy Amphibious Task Force lands Marines on Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands in first U.S. land offensive of World War II 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin Resolution passed by Congress August 8 1813- US Schooners Hamilton and Scourge founder in storm on Lake Ontario 1959 - Announcement of Project Teepee, electronic system to monitor 95 percent of earth's atmosphere for missile launchings or nuclear explosions. System developed by William Thaler, Office of Naval Research physicist. 1972 - Women authorized for sea duty as regular ship's company August 9 1815 - CAPT Stephen Decatur concludes treaty for U.S. with Tripoli 1842 - Signing of Webster-Ashburton Treaty under which U.S. and Great Britain agreed to cooperate in suppressing the slave trade. 1865 - Return of Naval Academy to Annapolis after 4 years at Newport, RI

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1919 - Construction of rigid airship ZR-1 ( Shenandoah ) authorized 1941 - Atlantic Charter Conference is first meeting between President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill 1942 - Battle of Savo Island begins; First of many sea battles near Guadalcanal 1945 - Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. Navy weaponeer arms the atomic bomb. 1949 - First use of pilot-ejection seat for emergency escape in U.S. made by LT Jack I. Fruin of VF-171 near Walterboro, SC August 10 1916 - First Naval aircraft production contract, for N-9s 1921 - General Order establishes the Bureau of Aeronautics under RADM William Moffett 1944 - Guam secured by U.S. forces. 1964 - Signing of Gulf of Tonkin Resolution which is used as the starting point of the Vietnam Conflict August 11 1812 - USS Constitution captures and destroys brig Lady Warren 1877 - Professor Asaph Hall of Naval Observatory discovers first of two satellites of Mars. He found the second one within a week. 1921 - Carrier arresting gear first tested at Hampton Roads. 1960 - USNS Longview, using Navy helicopters and frogmen, recovers a Discover satellite capsule after 17 orbits. This is first recovery of U.S. satellite from orbit. August 12 1812 - USS Constitution captures and destroys brig Adeona 1918 - SECNAV approves acceptance of women as yeoman (F) in U.S. Navy 1942 - USS Cleveland (CL-55) demonstrates effectiveness of radio-proximity fuze (VT-fuze) against aircraft by successfully destroying 3 drones with proximity bursts fired by her five inch guns. 1944 - LT Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., USNR, the older brother of John F. Kennedy, was killed with his co-pilot in a mid-air explosion after taking off from England in a PB4Y from Special Attack Unit One (SAU-1). Following manual takeoff, they were supposed to parachute out over the English Channel while the radio-controlled explosive filled drone proceeded to attack a German V-2 missile-launching site. Possible causes include faulty wiring or FM signals from a nearby transmitter. 1957 - In first test of Automatic Carrier Landing System, LCDR Don Walker is landed on USS Antietam . 1958 - USS Nautilus (SSN-571) arrives Portland, England completing first submerged under ice cruise from Pacific to Atlantic Oceans. August 13 1777 - American explosive device made by David Bushnell explodes near British vessel off New London, CT. 1846 - Joint expedition led by CDR Robert Stockton seizes Los Angeles, CA 1870 - Armed tug Palos becomes first U.S. Navy ship to transit Suez Canal August 14 1813 - HMS Pelican captures USS Argus 1886 - SECNAV establishes Naval Gun Factory at Navy Yard 1945 - Japan agrees to surrender; last Japanese ships sunk during World War II (15 August in DC) 28

August 15 1845 - U.S. Naval Academy established at Annapolis, MD on former site of Fort Severn. 1895 - Commissioning of Texas , the first American steel-hulled battleship. Texas served off Cuba during the Spanish-American War and took part in the naval battle of Santiago. Under the name of San Marcos , she was sunk in weapon effects tests in Chesapeake Bay in 1911. Her hulk continued in use as a gunnery target through World War II. 1908 - First Navy post offices established in Navy ships 1944 - Operation Dragoon, Allied invasion of Southern 1953 - First naval officer appointed Chairman, Joints Chiefs of Staff, Admiral William Radford. He served from 15 August 1953 until 15 August 1957. 1958 - USS Lexington (CVA-16) arrives in vicinity of August 16 1812 - USS Constitution recaptures American merchant brig Adeline 1954 - Beginning of Operation Passage to Freedom, transport of refugees from Haiphong to Saigon, Vietnam August 17 1812 - Frigate President captures British schooner L'Adeline in North Atlantic 1942 - Submarines USS Nautilus and USS Argonaut land 222 Marines on Makin Island, first amphibious attack made from submarines 1959 - ADM Arleigh Burke reappointed CNO for 3rd 2 year term, serving longest term as CNO 1962 - Navy's first hydrofoil patrol craft, USS High Point (PCH-1) launched at Seattle, WA August 18 1838 - Exploring Expedition under LT embarks on world cruise. 1911 - First Navy Nurse Corps superintendent, Esther Voorhees Hasson, appointed 1965 - First major amphibious assault in Vietnam, Operation Starlight captures 2,000 Viet Cong 1966 - First ship-to-shore satellite radio message sent from USS Annapolis in South China Sea to Pacific Fleet Headquarters at Pearl Harbor 1974 - After flooding in , Navy helicopters begin 6 days of operations to rescue people and bring supplies (244 flights) August 19 1812 - USS Constitution captures HMS Guerriere. 1812- Devastating hurricane struck the Navy's New Orleans station, delaying military preparations in the War of 1812 1818 - CAPT James Biddle takes possession of Oregon Territory for U.S. 1967 - Operation Coronado IV begins in Mekong Delta 1981 - 2 VF-41 aircraft from USS Nimitz shoot down 2 Libyan aircraft which fired on them over international waters August 20 1952 - In interservice air operation at Chang Pyong-ni, Korea, U.S. Navy, Marine and Air Force aircraft destroy 80 percent of assigned area. 1959 - USS Thetis Bay (LPH-6) completes 6-day humanitarian operation after floods in Taiwan. 1969 - Navy Seabees and sailors from Helicopter Training Squadron Eight (HT-8) evacuated 820 people from Pass Christian, MS after Hurricane Camille. August 21 1800 - U.S. Marine Corps Band gave its first concert in Washington, D.C. 1883 - Installation of the first electric lighting on a US Navy Ship completed on USS Trenton. 29

1920 - Radio station built by U.S. Navy and French Government transmits first wireless message heard around the world. At time it was the most powerful radio station in the world. 1951 - First contract for nuclear-powered submarine awarded. 1965 - Launch of Gemini 5, piloted by LCDR Charles Conrad Jr., USN, who completed 120 orbits in almost 8 days at an altitude of 349.8 km. Recovery was by helicopter from USS Lake Champlain (CVS-39). 1980 - USS Truxtun rescues 42 Vietnamese refugees and USS Merrill rescues 62 Vietnamese refugees, over 200 southeast of Saigon August 22 1912 - Birthday of Dental Corps 1945 - First surrender of Japanese garrison at end of World War II; USS Levy receives surrender of Mille Atoll in 1980 - USS Passumpsic rescues 28 Vietnamese refugees August 23 1864 - RADM David Farragut's squadron captures Fort Morgan at Mobile Bay winning control of Mobile Bay 1958 - Massive concentration of Pacific Fleet in Quemoy-Matsu area prevents invasion of islands by China. 1958 - In Taiwan Straits Crisis, Units of 7th Fleet move into Taiwan area to support Taiwan against Chinese Communists. 1963 - The first satellite communications ship, USNS Kingsport (T-AG-164) in Lagos, Nigeria, connected President John F. Kennedy with Nigerian Prime Minister Balewa who was aboard for the first satellite (Syncom II) relayed telephone conversation between heads of state. August 24 1814 - British invasion of Maryland and Washington, D.C.; Washington Navy Yard and ships burned to prevent capture by the British 1912 - Launching of USS Jupiter , first electrically propelled Navy ship 1942 - U.S. carrier aircraft begin 2-day Battle of Eastern Solomons where Japanese task force defeated and one Japanese carrier sunk. Japanese recall expedition to recapture Guadalcanal. 1960 - USS Bexar (APA-237) deploys to Pangahan Province in response to emergency request for aid from the Province's governor. August 25 1843 - Steam frigate Missouri arrives at Gibralter completing first Trans-Atlantic crossing by U.S. steam powered ship. 1942 - Five Navy nurses who became POWs on Guam repatriated . 1951 - 23 fighters from USS Essex (CV-9) escort Air Force heavy bombers attacking Najin, Korea since target was beyond range of land-based fighters. August 26 1775 - Rhode Island Resolve: Rhode Island delegates to Continental Congress press for creation of Continental Navy to protect the colonies 1839 - Brig Washington seizes Spanish slaver, Amistad near Montauk Point, NY 1861 - Union amphibious force lands near Hatteras, NC 1865 - Civil War ends with Naval strength over 58,500 men and 600 ships

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August 27 1917 - Squadron of minesweepers departs U.S. for service off France 1944 - USS Stingray (SS-186) lands men and supplies on , Philippines to support guerilla operations against the Japanese. 1945 - Pacific Fleet ships enter Sagami Bay, near Tokyo, Japan. 1959 - Off Cape Canaveral, FL, USS Observation Island (EAG-154) makes first shipboard launching of a Polaris missile. August 28 1867 - Captain William Reynolds of Lackawanna raises U.S. flag over Midway Island and took formal possession of these islands for the U.S. 1942 - 120 women, commissioned directly as ENS or LTJG, reported to "USS Northampton," Smith College for training. 1952 - Units on USS Boxer (CV-21) launch explosive-filled drone which explodes against railroad bridge near Hungnam, Korea. First guided missile launched from ship during Korean Conflict. 1965 - CDR Scott Carpenter and 9 aquanauts enter SeaLab II, 205 ft. below Southern 's waters to conduct underwater living and working tests 1991 - A helicopter from USS America (CV-66) rescues 3 civilian sailors who spent 10 days in a lifeboat 80 miles off Capt May, NJ after their sailboat capsized. 1992 - Navy and Marine forces begin providing disaster relief after Typhoon Omar hit Guam 1992 - Marines and Army forces begin providing disaster relief in Florida after Hurricane Andrew. August 29 1861 - U.S. squadron captures forts at Hatteras Inlet, NC 1862 - Union gunboat Pittsburgh support Army troops in landing at Eunice, Arkansas 1915 - Navy salvage divers raise F-4, first U.S. submarine sunk in accident 1916 - Congress passes act for expansion of Navy but most ships not completed until after World War I. 1964 - USS Boxer and 2 LSDs arrive off coast of Hispaniola to give medical aid to Haiti and Dominican Republic which were badly damaged by Hurricane Cleo. August 30 1913 - Navy tests Sperry gyroscopic stabilizer (automatic pilot) 1929 - Near New London, CT, 26 officers and men test Momsen lung to exit submerged USS S-4 1961 - Two Cuban frigates fire on a Naval Reserve aircraft on a training mission over international waters August 31 1842 - Congress replaces the Board of Navy Commissioners, a group of senior officers who oversaw naval technical affairs, with the five technical Bureaus, ancestors of the Systems Commands. One of the 1842 Bureau, the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, continues to serve under its original name. 1943 - Commissioning of USS Harmon (DE-678), first Navy ship named for an African American Sailor. 1944 - Carrier task group begins 3-day attack on Iwo Jima and Bonin Islands 1962 - Last flight of Navy airship made at NAS Lakehurst, NJ

Source: http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/dates.htm

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August 1 1918 - PCU O-16 (SS-77) commissioned USS O-16 at California Shipbuilding Co., Long Beach, CA; Lt. W. M. Quigley commanding. 1919 - PCU R-22 (SS-99) commissioned USS R-22 at Lake Co., Bridgeport, CT; Lt. Comdr. Walter S. Hass commanding. 1941 - PCU MARLIN (SS-205) commissioned USS MARLIN (SS-205) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. George A. Sharp commanding. 1942 - PCU SKATE (SS-305) keel laid as SKATE at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA. 1943 - PCU GOLET (SS-361) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI. 1952 - USS RAZORBACK (SS-394) decommissioned to undergo GUPPY IIA modifications. 1953 - USS HARDER (SS-568) was towed across the Atlantic to New London, CT, by USS Tringa (ASR-16) after breaking down off the east coast of Ireland. PCU ALBACORE (SS-569) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, NH. 1957 - USS ARCHERFISH (SS-311) second commissioning. 1970 - USS SEGUNDO (SS-398) decommissioned. USS MEDREGAL (SS-480) decommissioned and struck from the . USS POMODON (SS-486) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1973 - Ex-ENTEMEDOR (SS-340) struck from the Naval Vessel Register and disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP); sold to the Republic of Turkey and the title transferred. Ex-MAPIRO (SS-376) struck from the Naval Vessel Register and disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), sold to the Republic of Turkey. Ex-MERO (SS-378) struck from the Naval Vessel Register and disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), sold to the Republic of Turkey. Hizir Reis (S-344) served until about 1980. 1974 - Ex-RASHER (IXSS-269) sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping. 1975 - Ex-SPOT (SS-413) struck from the Naval Vessel Register and disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), sold to Chile. She had already been renamed Simpson (SS-21) while on loan to the Chileans. 1979 - PCU NORFOLK (SSN-714) keel laid as NORFOLK at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA. 1992 - USS LEWIS AND CLARK (SSBN-644) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1992 - PCU COLUMBUS (SSN-762) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 32

1994 - USS STURGEON (SSN-637) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. August 2 1913 - USS B-2 (ex-CUTTLEFISH) (SS-11) second commissioning at Cavite Navy Yard, P.I. and assigned to the Torpedo Flotilla, Asiatic Fleet. 1916 - PCU L-10 (SS-50) commissioned USS L-10 at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; Lt. (j.g.) J. C. Van de Carr commanding. 1927 - USS S-49 (SS-160) decommissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard, Philadelphia, PA; berthed with other reserve ships, League Island, PA. August 3 1905 - PCU OCTOPUS (later C-1) (SS-9) keel laid as OCTOPUS at Fore River Shipbuilding, Quincy, MA. 1944 - PCU SPOT (SS-413) commissioned USS SPOT (SS-413) at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA. PCU SPRINGER (SS-414) launched at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA. 1954 - USS BARB (SS-220) second commissioning after conversion to a GUPPY submarine. 1958 - USS NAUTILUS (SSN-571) was the first ship to pass beneath the North Pole on a four day, 1,830 voyage from the Pacific to the Atlantic. Her famous radio message was "Nautilus, Ninety North". 1961 - PCU THRESHER (SSN-593) commissioned USS THRESHER (SSN-593) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Kittery, ME; she was the first unit of what came to be a class of 14 submarines. This was the first new design submarine for which Electric Boat Company was not the lead yard. 1973 - PCU GROTON (SSN-694) keel laid as GROTON at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1979 - Ex-BOWFIN (IXSS-287) donated as a Museum and Memorial to Pacific Fleet Submarine Memorial Association, Inc., Honolulu, HI. August 4 1916 - PCU L-9 (SS-49) commissioned USS L-9 at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; Lt. (j.g.) P. T. Wright commanding. 1919 - USS C-1 (ex-OCTOPUS) (SS-9) decommissioned at Coco Solo, C.Z.; she had served in Panamanian waters in training and later on patrol during World War I. 1921 - PCU S-12 (SS-117) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. Gordon Woodbury. 1962 - PCU JAMES MONROE (SSBN-622) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. 1964 - Ex-SPIKEFISH (SS-404) sunk as a target off Long Island, NY. 1969 - PCU WILLIAM H. BATES (SSN-680) keel laid as WILLIAM H. BATES at Ingalls Nuclear Shipbuilding Division, Litton Industries, Pascagoula, MS. 1984 - PCU PROVIDENCE (SSN-719) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. August 5 1912 - PCU F-3 (ex-PICKEREL) (SS-22) commissioned USS F-3 at Moran Bros. Co., Seattle, WA; Ensign K. Heron commanding. 1918 - PCU R-16 (SS-93) commissioned USS R-16 at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; Lt. Comdr. Cecil Y. Johnston commanding.

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August 6 1943 - PCU CORVINA (SS-226) commissioned USS CORVINA (SS-226) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; Commander R. S. Rooney commanding. 1944 - PCU BUMPER (SS-333) launched at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1945 - USS BULLHEAD (SS-332) departed Fremantle for her third war patrol led by LCDR E.R. Holt, Jr. and started for her area of responsibility on July 31, 1945. She was to patrol in the Sea at dark on September 5 and head for Subic Bay, Philippines. CAPITAINE and PUFFER were also to patrol in the area, as were the British submarines TACITURN and THOROUGH. BULLHEAD arrived in her area on August 6 but CAPITAINE did not arrive until August 13. On August 12, CAPITAINE ordered BULLHEAD to take position the following day in a scouting line with CAPITAINE and PUFFER. There was no reply and on August 15, CAPITAINE reported, "Have been unable to contact BULLHEAD by any means since arriving in area." Since those submarines named above were in the same general area as BULLHEAD, and COD and CHUB passed through in transit at various times, it is difficult to point to one Japanese anti-submarine attack as the one which sank BULLHEAD. However, the most likely one occurred on August 6, 1945, when an enemy army plane attacked with depth charges. It claimed two direct hits, and for ten minutes thereafter, there was a great amount of gushing oil and air bubbles rising in the water. Since the position given is very near the Bali coast, it is presumed that the proximity of mountain peaks shortened BULLHEAD's radar range and prevented her receiving a warning of the plane's approach. BULLHEAD sank four enemy ships totaling 1800 tons and damaged three ships for 1300 tons in her first two patrols. Her first patrol was made in the South China Sea from the latter part of March to the end of April 1945. No enemy contacts were made, but on March 31 and again on April 24 BULLHEAD bombarded Pratas Island with her five inch gun. She also rescued three airmen from a downed B-29 following an air strike on the China coast. In May and June 1945 BULLHEAD patrolled the Gulf of Siam and the South China Sea during her second patrol. Here she sank two small freighters, a schooner and a sub chaser, and damaged two more sub chasers and another small freighter, all in gun actions. Eighty-four men perished with her that day. She was the fifty-second and last U.S. submarine loss of World War II. 1968 - PCU DOLPHIN (SS-555) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1979 - Ex-CLAMAGORE (SS-343) donated as a Museum and Memorial to Patriots Point Naval and Maritime Museum, Mount Pleasant, SC. 1988 - PCU SAN JUAN (SSN-751) commissioned USS SAN JUAN (SSN-751) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. She was the first improved 688 submarine (688I). Improvements included a strengthening of the sail and relocation of the fairwater planes to the bow. This gave the class an Arctic operations capability. August 7 1897 - the steam-powered submarine Plunger was launched but failed to pass acceptance tests. 1943 - PCU HAWKBILL (SS-366) keel laid as HAWKBILL at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI. 1944 - PCU SEA ROBIN (SS-407) commissioned USS SEA ROBIN (SS-407) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1946 - USS HOE (SS-258) decommissioned at New London, CT; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, New London. USS CABRILLA (SS-288) decommissioned at the Naval Submarine Base, New London, CT; 34

laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, New London Group. 1946 - USS RONCADOR (SS-301) decommissioned at San Francisco, CA; laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet. 1954 - USS GUITARRO (SS-363) third and final decommisssioning at Mare Island, CA; transferred (on loan) to Republic of Turkey and commissioned the same day as TGC Preveze (S-22). 1957 - USS COBBLER (SS-344) and USS TUSK (SS-426) were slightly damaged after an underwater collision during maneuvers off New Jersey. August 8 1942 - USS NAUTILUS (SS-168) and USS ARGONAUT (SS 166) left Pearl Harbor for the "Carlson Raiders" operation. They landed on the 16th and were taken off the following night. The two submarines embarked troops of Companies A and B, 2nd Raider Battalion, and got underway for Makin. Conditions during the transit were unpleasant, and most of the Marines became seasick. The convoy arrived off Makin on 16 August; at 0330 the next day, the Marines began landing. 1943 - PCU BLUEGILL (SS-242) launched at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. W. Sterling Cole, wife of Congressman Cole of New York. 1945 - PCU COBBLER (SS-344) commissioned USS COBBLER (SS-344) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1961 - PCU ETHAN ALLEN (SSBN-608) commissioned USS ETHAN ALLEN (SSBN-608) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1970 - Ex-SEGUNDO (SS-398) struck from the Naval Vessel Register and sunk as a target by USS SALMON (SS-572). 1983 - PCU NEVADA (SSBN-733) keel laid as NEVADA at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. August 9 1944 - PCU TIRANTE (SS-420) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1968 - USS VON STEUBEN (SSBN-632) collided with the towed commercial Sealady about 40 miles off the southern Spanish coast. VON STEUBEN was submerged when she struck or was struck by a submerged tow cable connecting a tug and the Sealady . The submarine surfaced immediately and then collided with the towed ship. The submarine sustained minor external damage to the superstructure and main deck. 1969 - PCU PUFFER (SSN-652) commissioned USS PUFFER (SSN-652) at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp, Pascagoula, MS. August 10 1934 - USS R-3 (SS-80) decommissioned at Philadelphia, PA; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. 1942 - USS S-24 (SS-129) decommissioned at New London, CT. Transferred to the and commissioned into the Royal Navy as HMS P 555. She was returned to U.S. Naval custody in the United Kingdom at the end of World War II. 1944 - PCU BLOWER (SS-325) commissioned USS BLOWER (SS-325) at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1957 - USS LAPON (SS-260) second decommissioning. 1963 - PCU STURGEON (SSN-637) keel laid as STURGEON at General Dynamics Corp., Quincy, MA. 1991 - PCU MARYLAND (SSBN-738) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 35

August 11 1944 - PCU DIABLO (SS-479) keel laid as DIABLO at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1948 - Ex-SKIPJACK (SS-184) sunk as a target in 700 fathoms of water off the coast of California by aircraft rockets after participation in nuclear weapon test BAKER at Bikini Atoll. Skipjack earned seven battle stars for World War II service. 1960 - USS MACABI (SS-375) decommissioned and transferred (loaned) under the Military Assistance Program to Argentina; renamed Santiago del Estero (S-12). 1978 - PCU (SSN-703) keel laid as BOSTON at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1979 - PCU LA JOLLA (SSN-701) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1984 - USS NATHANAEL GREENE (SSBN-636) reportedly lost her propeller in the Irish Sea. The submarine proceeded back to Holy Loch, Scotland using her Secondary Propulsion Motor. Facilities at the U.S. base were unavailable, so the submarine was towed to the nearby British submarine base at Faslane, Scotland. 1990 - PCU KENTUCKY (SSBN-737) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. August 12 1943 - PCU BOARFISH (SS-327) keel laid as BOARFISH at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1945 - PCU TURBOT (SS-427) was to be a Balao-class submarine built by the Cramp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, PA. The contract for her construction was cancelled this day. PCU ULUA (SS-428) was to be a Tench-class submarine built by the Cramp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, PA. The contract for her construction was cancelled this day. PCU POMPANO (SS-491) construction cancelled. PCU GRAYLING(SS-492) construction cancelled. PCU NEEDLEFISH (SS-493) construction cancelled. PCU SCULPIN (SS-494) construction cancelled. 1972 - PCU PHILADELPHIA (SSN-690) keel laid as PHILADELPHIA at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1991 - USS LAFAYETTE (SSBN-616) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1994 - Ex-HENRY L. STIMSON (SSBN/SSN-655) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. 1994 - Ex-WILL ROGERS (SSN-659) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. August 13 1942 - USS S-39 (SS-144) lost when she ran aground and broke up over August 13-14, 1942, off Rossel Island southeast of New Guinea in the Louisiade Archipelago. At that time she was commanded by LT F. E. Brown. All her crew was rescued and taken off the island by HMAS Katoomba. The hulk of S-39 is still visible from the air. She was the eighth U.S. submarine loss of World War II. S-39 earned two battle stars for her World War II service. 1944 - USS FLIER (SS-250) commanded by Cmdr. J.D. Crowley, left Fremantle, Western Australia on August 2, 1944 to conduct her second war patrol. Her area was east of Saigon, French Indo-China, and she was to pass through Lombok Strait, Strait, the , Sibutu Passage and the Sulu Sea in proceeding to her station. By evening of August 13th she had come through the Sulu Sea and was transiting Balabac Strait, south of Palawan, 36

P.I. when, at 2200, disaster struck. Suddenly a terrific explosion, estimated to have been forward on the starboard side, shook the ship. Several of the men on the bridge were injured, and the Commanding Officer was thrown to the after part of the bridge, where he regained his senses a moment later. Oil, water and debris deluged the bridge. There was a strong smell of fuel, a terrific venting of air through the conning tower hatch, and the sounds of flooding and of screaming men below. Lt. Liddell, the Executive Officer, had stepped below the hatch to speak to Cmdr. Crowley; he was blown through it, and men poured out behind him. Within 20 or 30 seconds FLIER sank while still making 15 knots through the water. The Commanding Officer’s opinion was that the explosion was caused by contact with a mine. Those men who survived have stated that a few men were seen in the water after the ship went down. The word was passed for all survivors to gather together, however not all presumed survivors reappeared. The first impulse was to swim to Comiran Island, but when the question was weighed, and the possibility of falling into Japanese hands was considered, Crowley decided to strike out for the coral reefs to the north-westward. Meanwhile Lt. Knapp became separated from the group and was not seen or heard again. The sky was overcast, and it was difficult to swim toward the objective at all times; an occasional flash of lightning helped to keep the swimmers oriented. After moonrise, at 0300 on August 14th, maintaining proper direction was easier. All this time Lt. Casey had been unable to see, having been partially blinded by oil. At about 0400 he became exhausted and the others were forced to leave him. Commander Crowley realized that the only hope for anyone lay in swimming at best speed, and all hands were told to do the best they could toward land, which was now in sight. Madeo now began to fall behind, and was not seen after 0500. At 1330 five of the group, Cmdr. Crowley, Lt. Liddell, Ens. Jacobson, Howell and Baumgart reached a floating palm tree and used this to aid themselves in remaining afloat and pushing toward land. This group came ashore on Mantangule Island at 1530 and were met there by Russo, who had swum the entire distance. At 1700 Tremaine was found on the eastern end of the island by Lt. Liddell. A lean-to was constructed and the night was spent on the beach. In the days following, plans were laid to obtain food and water and to make contact with friendly natives. A raft was made of drifted bamboo lashed together, and the party began working from island to island, with Palawan the ultimate objective. On 19 August they contacted natives who led them to an U.S. Army Coast Watcher Unit on Palawan. This unit made its communication facilities available to the group, and arrangements were made for evacuation by submarine. On the night of August 30 the survivors from FLIER embarked in two small boats, and, having made their way safely around a Japanese merchant ship anchored near the rendezvous point, were picked up by REDFIN early in the morning of 31 August. FLIER’s first patrol was conducted west of Luzon in June 1944. She sank four freighters, and damaged a fifth freighter and a tanker for 19,500 tons and 13,500 tons damaged. Seventy-eight men perished with her that day. Thirteen men managed to exit the boat. Eight managed to swim ashore on Mantangule Island. She was the thirty-fifth U.S. submarine loss of World War II. Flier received 1 battle star for World War II service. PCU LOGGERHEAD (SS-374) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI. 1945 - PCU USS SIRAGO (SS-485) commissioned USS SIRAGO (SS-485) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. 1952 - USS MENHADEN (SS-377) second decommissioning at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, 37

Vallejo, CA, for GUPPY IIA conversion. 1956 - Ex-PORPOISE (SS-172) placed out of service and simultaneously struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1966 - PCU SEAHORSE (SSN-669) keel laid as SEAHORSE at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1971 - USS MENHADEN (SS-377) third and final decommisssioning. August 14 1945 - the last torpedo sinking of WWII by a U.S. submarine was fired by USS TORSK (SS-423). Coast Defense Vessel #47 was the last ship sunk by U.S. submarines in the war. 1963 - Ex-QUEENFISH (SS-393) sunk as target by USS SWORDFISH (SSN-579). 1964 - PCU CASIMIR PULASKI (SSBN-633) commissioned USS CASIMIR PULASKI (SSBN-633) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1965 - PCU GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER (SSBN-656) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. 1968 - Ex-DEVILFISH (SS-292) sunk as a target by USS WAHOO (SS-565) off San Francisco, CA, in 2000 fathoms of water at 37°05'N, 124°8'W during a MK16 Mod8 torpedo service test. 1969 - PCU SPADEFISH (SSN-668) commissioned USS SPADEFISH (SSN-668) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Co., Newport News, VA. 1970- PCU TREPANG (SSN-674) commissioned USS TREPANG (SSN-674) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 2003 - PCU NEW HAMPSHIRE (SSN-778) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. PCU NEW MEXICO (SSN-779) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Co., Newport News, VA. PCU NO NAME (SSN-780) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. PCU NO NAME (SSN-781) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Co., Newport News, VA. PCU NO NAME (SSN-782) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. PCU NO NAME (SSN-783) authorized for U.S. Navy construction and awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock, Co., Newport News, VA. August 15 1912 - PCU G-4 (ex-THRASHER) (SS-26) launched at William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia, PA. 1916 - PCU L-11 (SS-51) commissioned USS L-11 at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; Lt. (j.g.) W. R. Carter commanding. 1918 - PCU S-18 (SS-123) keel laid as S-18 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy, MA. PCU S-19 (SS-124) keel laid as S-19 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy, MA. PCU S-20 (SS-125) keel laid as S-20 at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy, MA. 1919 - PCU R-12 (SS-89) launched at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; sponsored by Miss Helen Mack. USS C-4 (ex-BONITA) (SS-15) decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register at Coco Solo, C.Z. 1935 - PCU PORPOISE (SS-172) commissioned USS PORPOISE (SS-172) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. S. S. Murray commanding. 1939 - PCU SEAWOLF (SS-197) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; sponsored 38

by Mrs. Edward C. Kalbfus. 1940 - PCU TRITON (SS-201) commissioned USS TRITON (SS-201) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. Willis A. Lent commanding. 1942 - PCU POMPON (SS-267) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co, Manitowoc, WI. PCU SNOOK (SS-279) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. PCU HACKLEBACK (SS-295) keel laid as HACKLEBACK at Cramp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, PA. 1943 - PCU LANCETFISH (SS-296) launched at Cramp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, PA. PCU LING (SS-297) launched at Cramp Ship building Corp., Philadelphia, PA. 1955 - MINGO (SS-261) second decommissioning. 1959 - the U.S. Navy disclosed that a ruptured water pipe aboard USS NAUTILUS (SSN-571) partly flooded a compartment while the ship was submerged off Newfoundland four months prior. No injuries resulted. 1961 - PCU GREENLING (SSN-614) keel laid as GREENLING at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1972 - Ex-LIONFISH (IXSS-298) donated as a Museum and Memorial to USS Massachusetts Memorial, Battleship Cove, Fall River, MA. 1973 - USS ATULE (SS-403) struck from the Naval Vessel Register. Ex-MARLIN (SST-2) donated as a Museum and Memorial to Freedom Park, Omaha, NE. 1991 - PCU TUCSON (SSN-770) keel laid as TUCSON at Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. 1992 - PCU (SSBN-739) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. Ex-TINOSA (SSN-606) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. August 16 1958 - PCU SEADRAGON (SSN-584) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. Robert L. Dennison. 1969 - PCU PINTADO (SSN-672) launched at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA. 1980 - PCU ATLANTA (SSN-712) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA; sponsored by Mrs. Sam Nunn. 1975 - PCU RICHARD B. RUSSELL (SSN-687) commissioned USS RICHARD B. RUSSELL (SSN-687) at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA. 1986 - PCU NEVADA (SSBN-733) commissioned USS NEVADA (SSBN-733) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. August 17 1909 - PCU PICKEREL (later F-3) (SS-22) keel laid as PICKEREL at Seattle Construction & Drydock Co., Seattle, WA. 1918 - PCU O-10 (SS-71) commissioned USS O-10 at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; Lt. Sherwood Picking commanding. PCU R-17 (SS-94) commissioned USS R-17 at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA; Lt. Comdr. William R. Munroe commanding. 1922 - PCU S-35 (SS-140) commissioned USS S-35 (SS-140) at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., San Francisco, CA, Lt. T. E. Short in command. 1942 - USS BASS (SS-164) suffered a fire in the after battery room that quickly spread to the after torpedo room and starboard main motor while she was at sea. Twenty-five enlisted 39

men died by asphyxiation. The following day Antaeus (AS-21) arrived to assist BASS and escorted her into the Gulf of Dulce, Costa Rica; both vessels then proceeded to Balboa. 1943 - PCU TANG (SS-306) launched at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA. 1945 - PCU MERO (SS-378) commissioned USS MERO (SS-378) at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI. 1957 - USS SEA DEVIL (SS-400) second commissioning. 1968 - PCU DOLPHIN (AGSS-555), a small diesel powered research and development submarine capable of operating at depths in excess of any other known submarine, was commissioned USS DOLPHIN (AGSS-555) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. PCU TAUTOG (SSN-639) commissioned USS TAUTOG (SSN-639) at Ingalls Shipbuilding Co., Pascagoula, MS. 1978 - PCU ATLANTA (SSN-712) keel laid as ATLANTA at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA. 1987 - Ex-TANG (SS-563) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred (sold) to a foreign country (Turkey). Ex-GUDGEON (SSAG-567) disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred (sold) to a foreign country (Turkey). 1989 - Ex-BONEFISH (SS-582) sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping. 1990 - PCU JEFFERSON CITY (SSN-759) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. August 18 1918 - USS N-6 (SS-58) struck by USS N-5 (SS 57) while maneuvering off Block Island. 1920 - PCU S-21 (SS-126) launched at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy, MA; sponsored by Mrs. Thomas Baxter. 1942 - PCU CABRILLA (SS-288) keel laid as CABRILLA at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1944 - PCU TRUTTA (SS-421) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1962 - PCU HADDO (SSN-604) launched at New York Shipbuilding Corp, Camden, NJ. PCU DACE (SSN-607) launched at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp, Pascagoula, MS. PCU ALEXANDER HAMILTON (SSBN-617) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. PCU ULYSSES S. GRANT (SSBN-631) keel laid as ULYSSES S. GRANT at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1972 - USS THREADFIN (SS-410) decommissioned and transferred (sold) to Turkey. USS VOLADOR (SS-490) decommissioned and transferred (loaned) to . USS PICKEREL (SS-524) decommissioned and transferred (loaned) to Italy. August 19 1936 - USS R-8 (SS-85) sunk as a target vessel for an aerial bombing test. Four near misses with 100 lb. bombs sank her 71 miles off Cape Henry, VA. 1942 - PCU HARDER (SS-257) launched at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; sponsored by Miss Helen M. Shaforth. 1952 - PCU HARDER (SS-568) commissioned USS HARDER (SS-568) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1955 - USS CREVALLE (SS-291) second decommissioning. 1956 - the experimental sodium-cooled nuclear reactor of USS SEAWOLF (SSN-575) sufferred a failure in the steam plant during a full power test run while the new ship was at Groton, 40

CT. A leak of sodium-potassium alloy being used as the third fluid in the steam generator aggravateed stress corrosion in the system, causing two cracks in steam piping and a leak in a superheater. Makeshift repairs permited SEAWOLF to complete her initial sea trials on reduced power in February, 1957. Due to the difficulties of running a sodium-cooled reactor, the Navy decided to replace SEAWOLF's sodium-cooled reactor with a water- cooled reactor and to use only water-cooled designs in the future. 1958 - PCU TRITON (SSRN-586) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. August 20 1901 - PCU MOCCASIN (later A-4) (SS-5) launched at Crescent Shipyard, Elizabethport, NJ; sponsored by a Mrs. Rice. 1919 - PCU R-10 (SS-87) commissioned USS R-10 at Boston Navy Yard, Boston, MA; Lt. Comdr. John A. Brownell commanding. 1921 - USS K-4 (SS-35) was rammed by the schooner CON RIEN. The schooner's bow was crushed and it sank; the crew was taken off by K-4. PCU S-51 (SS-162) launched at Lake Torpedo Boat Co., Bridgeport, CT; sponsored by Mrs. R. J. Mills. 1923 - USS R-8 (SS-85) collided with USS R-11 (SS-88). 1927 - USS S-50 (SS-161) decommissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard, Philadelphia, PA; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, League Island, PA, until the 1930s. 1938 - PCU SAURY (SS-189) launched at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. James Paul Casbarian, who headed the Navy's Ships Names and Sponsors Office. 1942 - PCU GUNNEL (SS-253) commissioned USS GUNNEL (SS-253) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; Lt. Comdr. J. S. McCain, Jr., commanding. 1946 - USS BALAO (SS-285) decommissioned at the Naval Submarine Base, New London, CT; laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, New London Group. 1949 - USS COCHINO (SS-345) and USS TUSK (SS-426) were in the Barents Sea. Splitting up, TUSK proceeded to conduct sonar tests; COCHINO navigated to a point near the northern tip of Norway to begin the first formal spying mission of the Cold War. But COCHINO would soon have serious operational problems. 1958 - PCU SCORPION (SSN-589) keel laid as SCORPION at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT; this was her second keel laying/hull construction, since her first was reassigned to PCU GEORGE WASHINGTON (SSBN-598); GEORGE WASHINGTON's authentication plate bore the SCORPION name. 1966 - PCU HENRY L. STIMSON (SSBN-655) commissioned USS HENRY L. STIMSON (SSBN-655) at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1968 - PCU DRUM (SSN-677) keel laid as DRUM at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA. August 21 1909 - PCU SKATE (later F-4) (SS-23) keel laid as SKATE at Seattle Construction & Drydock Co., Seattle, WA. 1918 - PCU R-24 (SS-101) launched at Lake Torpedo Boat Co., Bridgeport, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Edmund R. Norton. 1941 - PCU GATO (SS-212) launched at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Royal E. Ingersoll. 1943 - a wolf pack consisting of USS HADDO (SS-255), USS HARDER (SS-257) , USS GUITARRO (SS-363), USS RATON (SS-270) , and USS RAY (SS-271) took on a Japanese convoy of at 41

least 18 ships and escorts. The pack sank four cargo ships and one tanker in an all night battle. PCU BATFISH (SS-310) commissioned USS BATFISH (SS-310) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, OKittery, ME. 1944 - PCU MEDREGAL (SS-480) keel laid as MEDREGAL at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1951 - PCU TROUT (SS-566) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1960 - USS LAMPREY (SS-372) second decommissioning. 1964 - USS DANIEL BOONE (SSBN-629) was the first fleet ballistic missile submarine permanently assigned to the Pacific. 1995 - Ex-BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (SSBN-640) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA. August 22 1914 - PCU K-5 (SS-36) commissioned USS K-5 at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; Lt. (j.g.) H. Gibson commanding. 1943 - PCU FLOUNDER (SS-251 launched at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; sponsored by Mrs. Astrid H. McClellan. 1946- USS TUNA (SS-203) departed for Kwajalein en route to Pearl Harbor and the U.S. west coast after the nuclear weapon test at Bikini Atoll. 1955 - USS HALFBEAK (SS-352) collided with HMCS Micmc at New York. 1964 - PCU SIMON BOLIVAR (SSBN-641) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. August 23 1909 - PCU CARP (later F-1) (SS-20) keel laid as CARP at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. PCU BARRACUDA (later F-2) (SS-21) keel laid as BARRACUDA at Union Iron Works, San Francisco, CA. 1943 - PCU TRUMPETFISH (SS-425) keel laid as TRUMPETFISH at William Cramp and Co. Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia, PA. PCU TUSK (SS-426) keel laid as TUSK at William Cramp and Co. Shipbuilding Co,, Philadelphia, PA. 1944 - PCU PIPER (SS-409) commissioned USS PIPER (SS-409) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. PCU TORO (SS-422) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1989 - USS HONOLULU (SSN-718) equipment operation failure. 1991- PCU MONTPELIER (SSN-765) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA. August 24 1918 - PCU R-1 (SS-78) launched at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; sponsored by Mrs. George W. Dashiell. 1923 - PCU S-24 (SS-129) commissioned USS S-24 (SS-129) at Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy, MA; Lt. Comdr. Louis E. Denfeld commanding. 1937 - PCU SNAPPER (SS-185) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH ;sponsored by Mrs. Harold R. Stark, wife of Rear Admiral Stark, Chief of the Bureau of Ordnance. 1942 - PCU CERO (SS-225) keel laid as CERO at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1943 - PCU SPOT (SS-413) keel laid as SPOT at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA. 1944 - USS HARDER (SS-257) was sunk by depth charging in a battle with Japanese forces on her 42

sixth war patrol in Dasol Bay, west coast of Luzon Island, P.I. Seventy-eight men including Commander Sam Dealy were lost with her. Comdr. Dealey was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor. She received the Presidential Unit Citation, and in accordance with Navy custom it was presented to the second HARDER upon commissioning. She was the thirty-sixth U.S. submarine loss of World War II. HARDER received 6 battle stars for World War II service. PCU REQUIN (SS-481) keel laid as REQUIN at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. 1945 - PCU SARDA (SS-488) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1963 - PCU BARB (SSN-596) commissioned USS BARB (SSN-596) at Ingalls Shipbuilding Corp, Pascagoula, MS. 1963 - PCU GEORGE BANCROFT (SSBN-643) keel laid as GEORGE BANCROFT at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 1964 - PCU GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER (SSBN-656) keel laid as GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. August 25 1941 - PCU FINBACK (SS-230) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. A. E Watson. 1945 - PCU COCHINO (SS-345) commissioned USS COCHINO (SS-345) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1949 - a series of casualties, not the least of which was fire in the after battery, caused the eventual demise of PCU COCHINO (SS-345). 1956 - PCU SALMON (SSR-573) commissioned USS SALMON (SSR-573) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1958 - PCU ROBERT E. LEE (SSBN-601) keel laid as ROBERT E. LEE at Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. 1960 - USS SEADRAGON (SSN-584) charted the and surfaced at the North Pole where the crew played baseball. 1976 - USS POLLACK (SSN-603) snagged the nets of Japanese fishing boats in the eastern channel of the the . Two boats cut away and abandoned their nets. POLLACK suffered no major damage and there was no known damage to the fishing boats. August 26 1918 - PCU H-6 (SS-149) launched at Puget Sound Navy Yard, Bremerton, WA. 1941 - PCU SILVERSIDES (SS-236) launched at Mare Island Navy Yard, Vallejo, CA; sponsored by Mrs. Elizabeth H. Hogan. 1942 - PCU SAWFISH (SS-276) commissioned USS SAWFISH (SS-276) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. Comdr. Eugene T. Sands commanding. 1949- USS COCHINO (SS-345) exploded and sank in Arctic seas, drowning six Navy rescuers and a COCHINO technician. She took an up bubble from all the flooding aft and slipped beneath the surface by her stern into 950 feet of water about 100 nautical miles from the coast of Norway. COCHINO has been called the first U.S. submarine loss of the Cold War. 1949 - USS TUSK (SS-426) crew members were washed overboard while rescuing the crew of fire damaged USS COCHINO (SS-345) in the Norwegian Sea, six died. 1957 - Ex-TARPON (SS-175) sold for scrapping but she foundered while under tow off Cape Hatteras, NC. 43

1964 - PCU STONEWALL JACKSON (SSBN-634) commissioned USS STONEWALL JACKSON (SSBN- 634) at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, CA. 1980 - PCU SALT LAKE CITY (SSN-716) keel laid as SALT LAKE CITY at Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Newport News, VA. August 27 1918 - PCU O-15 (SS-76) commissioned USS O-15 at California Shipbuilding Co., Long Beach, CA; Lt. C. K. Martin, in command. 1919 - PCU R-13 (SS-90) launched at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA; sponsored by Miss Fanny B. Chandler. PCU S-4 (SS-109) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH; sponsored by Mrs. Herbert S. Howard. 1940 - PCU THRESHER (SS-200) commissioned USS THRESHER (SS-200) at the Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; Lt. Comdr. William L. Anderson in command. 1942 - PCU DORADO (SS-248) keel laid as DORADO at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT. 1944 - PCU CABEZON (SS-334) launched at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1957 - PCU SWORDFISH (SSN-579) launched at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1959 - USS Observation Island (EAG–154) steamed for her new homeport, Port Canaveral, FL, and made preparations for the first at-sea launch of a Polaris missile in June; designated UGM–27, the missile was successfully launched from Observation Island this day. 1963 - USS GRAYBACK (SSG-574) suffered a serious fire in the after crew's berthing as a result of a casualty to the main propulsion circuit breaker while operating in the northern Pacific Ocean. One man was killed, five others were injured. 1969 - USS CHOPPER (SS-342) decommissioned. 1981 - PCU ALABAMA (SSBN-731) keel laid as ALABAMA at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. USS DALLAS (SSN-700) damaged the lower portion of her rudder when she ran aground while approaching the Atlantic Underwater Test and Evaluation Center site at Andros Island, Bahamas. The submarine worked herself free after several hours and returned to New London, CT, on the surface for repairs. 1983 - PCU HYMAN G. RICKOVER (SSN-709) launched at the Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corp., Groton, CT. 2001 - USS GREENEVILLE (SSN-772) grounded in the channel leading into Saipan Harbor. CDR David Bogdan, who assumed command of GREENEVILLE after Scott Waddle, was taken before an Admiral's Mast, along with several of his officers. Bogdan was then relieved of command of GREENEVILLE. His executive officer, LCDR Gerald Pfeifer, received a letter of reprimand; he was second in command when GREENEVILLE collided with the Ehime Maru Feb. 9, 2001. August 28 1939 - PCU TROUT (SS-202) keel laid as TROUT at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1943 - PCU DORADO (SS-248) commissioned USS DORADO (SS-248) at Electric Boat Co., Groton, CT; Lieutenant Commander E. C. Schneider commanding. 1944 - PCU BLUEBACK (SS-326) commissioned USS BLUEBACK (SS-326) at the Electric Boat Company, Groton, CT. 1946 - USS SKIPJACK (SS-184) decommissioned. 1993 - PCU TOLEDO (SSN-769) launched at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Newport News, VA. 44

August 29 1916 - the revolutionary and hotly contested Appropriations Act of 1916 created the Council of National Defense to take stock of domestic industrial capability to wage war. The Navy began building ships and submarines in much larger numbers; Congress specifically included a provision in the bill to construct thirty new submarines. Ex-A-1 (ex-PLUNGER) (SS-2) authorized as an experimental target, designated "Target E" but later sold for scrapping. 1921 - USS G-1 (ex-SEAL) (SS-19½) struck from the Naval Vessel Register. 1941 - PCU KINGFISH (SS-234) keel laid as KINGFISH at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Portsmouth, NH. 1943 - USS POMPANO (SS-181) was never heard from again after leaving Midway on 20 August 1943 to start her seventh war patrol. Her orders were to patrol off the east coast of Honshu from about 29 August to sunset of 27 September 1943, and then to return to Pearl Harbor for refit, stopping at Midway en route for fuel. When no transmission was received from her, especially just prior to her expected arrival at Midway on 5 October, word was sent from Pearl to keep a sharp lookout for her. By 15 October, all hope was abandoned, and POMPANO was reported as presumed lost in enemy waters. Japanese information available now shows no attack which could conceivably have been directed towards POMPANO. On 6 September POMPANO was informed by dispatch that the area to the north of her own was open. Since that area was considered more productive for sinkings than the one she was in, it is quite possible that she moved into it. Both the area between Honshu and Hokkaido, and the one east of northern Honshu are known to have been heavily mined by the enemy, with the greatest concentration of mines in the northern area. In view of the evidence given, it is considered probable that POMPANO met her end by an unreported attack. Seventy-seven men perished with her that day. She was the seventeenth U.S. submarine loss of World War II. POMPANO received seven battle stars for service in World War II. PCU GUAVINA (SS-362) launched at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co., Manitowoc, WI. 1945 - USS S-48 (SS-159) third and final decommisssioning at Philadelphia, PA. 1946 - USS PILOTFISH (SS-386) decommissioned. August 30 1905 - PCU CUTTLEFISH (later B-2) (SS-11) keel laid as CUTTLEFISH at Fore River Shipbuilding Co., Quincy, MA. 1917 - PCU L-8 (SS-48) commissioned USS L-8 at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Lt. J. Parker, Jr., commanding. 1943 - PCU BANG (SS-385) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; sponsored by Mrs. R. W. Neblett. PCU PILOTFISH (SS-386) launched at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME. 1944 - PCU THREADFIN (SS-410) commissioned USS THREADFIN (SS-410) at Portsmouth Navy Yard, Kittery, ME; Comdr. John J. Foote commanding. 1958 - PCU GROWLER (SSG-577) commissioned USS GROWLER (SSG-577) at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, ME. 1990 - Ex-DANIEL WEBSTER (SSBN-626) stricken; to be disposed of, retain as a submarine Moored Training Ship. 1999 - Ex-ANDREW JACKSON (SSBN-619) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA.

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August 31 1916 - PCU L-6 (SS-45) launched at Craig Shipbuilding Co., Long Beach, CA; sponsored by Mrs. William R. Monroe. 1943 - PCU REDFIN (SS-272) commissioned USS REDFIN (SS-272) at Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co, Manitowoc, WI; Lt. Comdr. R. D. King comanding. 1967 - USS SIMON BOLIVAR (SSBN-641), armed with Polaris missiles, collided with the target ship USS Betelgeuse (T-AK-260) when practicing a torpedo attack 70 miles southeast of Charleston, SC. No one was hurt but SIMON BOLIVAR suffered about $1 million damage to her periscope and communications antennae. Betelgeuse suffered a hole in her hull. The Navy told a press conference that the missiles aboard SIMON BOLIVAR were not armed and there was no danger of explosion or nuclear radiation. The missiles were undamaged the Navy emphasized. SIMON BOLIVAR surfaced and the crew cut away a 4 foot high, 15 foot long section of the conning tower so the submarine could proceed to port. 1997 - Ex-PATRICK HENRY (SSBN/SSN-599) disposition complete by Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program (NPSSRP) at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA.

Reference: http://www.esryle.com/coblinks/tdish/index.htm

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Tahoma National Cemetery 18600 SE 240th St Kent, WA Phone: 425 413 9614 http://www1.va.gov/directory/guide/facility.asp?ID=750

Bonefish SS-223 WWII Memorial Sub Base Bangor, WA http://www.oneternalpatrol.com/uss-bonefish-223.htm

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Deterrent Park USS Woodrow Wilson (SSBN-624) Naval Base Kitsap, Bangor 2150 Thresher Avenue Silverdale, WA http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://seattlebase.subvets.com/image

USS Seawolf (SSN-575) Propeller Submarine Base Bangor 2000 Thresher Avenue Silverdale, WA

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USS Triton Memorial Triton Submarine Memorial Park Horn Rapids Road and 11th St. West Richland, WA Phone: 509-375-3060 http://tinyurl.com/Triton-Sail-Dedication

Naval Underseas Museum with Sturgeon Sail 610 Dowell Street Keyport, WA Phone: 360 396-4148 E-mail: [email protected] https://www.keyportmuseum.cnrnw.navy.mil

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USS Parche SSN-683 Sail Puget Sound Naval Museum 251 1st. St. Bremerton, WA

Source : https://www.ussvi.org/MemorialList.asp?ST=WA https://www.ussvi.org/MemorialList.asp?page=2

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September 2013 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 USS S-5 (SS-110) In 1920

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 USS Grayling (SS-209) in 1943

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Bob Miller Mark Morgan

22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Arnold Kirk Base meeting at the USS S-51 (SS-162) USS Cisco Flight Deck: In 1925 (SS-290) in 1943 1800 Social 1900 Dinner

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The first operating submarine was tested by the Dutch inventor Cornelis Drebbel from 1620 to 1624, but a submarine was not used in combat until 1776, when David Bushnell's one-man wooden craft, the Turtle, failed in its submerged attack on the British ship Eagle in New York harbor. Later, Robert Fulton, a famous American artist and inventor, built the Nautilus (1801) out of wood covered by iron plates. Although successful in submerged tests against wooden ships, the Nautilus failed to interest the government of France, England, or the United States. Bushnell produced another submarine for the War of 1812 against England, but his craft was unsuccessful.

Source : http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/submarine.aspx

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