Duportail Street Bridge Project Richland, Washington
Surface Water Discipline Report Benton County, Washington
Prepared by: Federal Highway Administration 711 South Capitol Way, Suite 501 Olympia, WA 98501
Washington State Department of Transportation P.O. Box 12560 Yakima, WA 98909
October 2011 Review copy for WSDOT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms...... 5 Glossary of Technical Terms ...... 6 Executive Summary ...... 9 Chapter 1 Introduction and Summary of Conclusions ...... 11 What is the final use of the surface water discipline study? ...... 11 Why are surface waters considered in an environmental assessment? ...... 11 What is water quality? ...... 11 What is surface water? ...... 12 Why do we need to protect surface waters? ...... 12 Where is the project located? ...... 12 What is the scope of the project? ...... 12 How will the project impact water quality? ...... 14 Chapter 2 Purpose and Need for the Action ...... 15 Existing Condition ...... 15 Purpose...... 17 Need ...... 17 Background Information ...... 19 Chapter 3 Description of Alternatives ...... 21 What are the alternatives? ...... 21 No-Build Alternative ...... 24 Chapter 4 Studies, Coordination, Methods, and Regulations ...... 26 How was the surface water information obtained? ...... 26 What water resources are in the project area? ...... 27 What stormwater regulation will the project follow? ...... 27 How do land use regulations affect the project? ...... 27 What is the Watershed Planning Act? ...... 28 What local basin plans or watershed protection plans are in place? ...... 29 Are there any Critical Area Ordinances that the project needs to adhere to? ...... 29 What is an aquifer? ...... 30 What is a well? ...... 30 What is a well head protection area? ...... 31 Are there any well head or aquifer protections plans? ...... 31
Duportail Street Bridge Project 1 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT 10 February 2011 Are there any combined sewer outfall reduction plans? ...... 31 What is the Clean Water Act and how does it affect surface waters? ...... 31 Are the water resources in the area on a 303(d) list? ...... 32 Are there any Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for surface waters in the area? ...... 32 How does Washington State classify the water quality of water bodies? ...... 32 Are there any habitat conservations plans, 4D rules, or biological assessments for the project? ...... 33 Are there any local shoreline plans or ordinances? ...... 34 Are there any shellfish closure response plans? ...... 34 Permits Required for the Duportail Street Bridge Project ...... 35 Chapter 5 Project Area Then and Now ...... 38 Topography, Geology, and Soils ...... 38 Climate ...... 38 Surface Water Resources ...... 38 Drainage Areas in Project Vicinity ...... 39 Existing Drainage Patterns ...... 41 What WRIA is the project in? ...... 42 Where is the Yakima River? ...... 42 Are there any 303(d) listed waters on or near the project? ...... 43 Does the Lower Yakima River have a TMDL? ...... 45 Historical Surface Water Quality Problems for the Yakima River ...... 45 Physical Features of the Yakima River Channel ...... 45 What is the flow in the Yakima River? ...... 46 Marine Waters ...... 46 Hazardous Materials ...... 46 Wetlands ...... 46 High Groundwater ...... 46 Floodplains ...... 46 Are there any federally listed aquatic endangered species in the project area? ...... 47 Is there potable water in the area? ...... 47 Has there been any groundwater contamination? ...... 47 Existing Irrigation Canal ...... 47
Duportail Street Bridge Project 2 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT 10 February 2011 Chapter 6 Environmental Consequences ...... 48 How will erosion be prevented on the project site? ...... 48 In-water Work ...... 48 Near-water Work ...... 49 How will work in erosion hazard zones be handled? ...... 49 Clearing and Grubbing ...... 49 Staging Area ...... 49 Refueling Operations ...... 49 How will spills be handled? ...... 50 How will the project treat and detain the stormwater? ...... 50 How do the three major pollutants affect stormwater? ...... 52 How do we evaluate pollutant loading in stormwater?...... 52 What are the impacts of the alternatives on pollutant loading to the Yakima River? ...... 52 Indirect Effects ...... 54 Cumulative Effects ...... 54 Chapter 7 Mitigation ...... 55 Minimizing Effects during Construction ...... 55 References ...... 57
Duportail Street Bridge Project 3 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT 10 February 2011 List of Exhibits Exhibit 1: Vicinity Map ...... 13 Exhibit 2: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading Graph ...... 14 Exhibit 3: Choke Points ...... 16 Exhibit 4: Structural Earth Walls ...... 22 Exhibit 5: Build Alternative Project Area ...... 23 Exhibit 6: No-Build Alternative Project Area ...... 25 Exhibit 7: State WRIA Map ...... 28 Exhibit 8: Watershed ...... 29 Exhibit 9: Pore Space ...... 30 Exhibit 10: Aquifer ...... 30 Exhibit 11: Species and Critical Habitat in Benton County, Washington ...... 33 Exhibit 12: Permits Required for Project ...... 35 Exhibit 13: Drainage Areas ...... 40 Exhibit 14: Daylight Pipe ...... 41 Exhibit 15: Duportail Rivers ...... 43 Exhibit 16: Infiltration Trench...... 51 Exhibit 17: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading ...... 53
Duportail Street Bridge Project 4 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT 10 February 2011 Acronyms B N
BMPs Best Management Practices NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System C NEPA National Environmental Protection Act CESCL Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead NOAA National Oceanic Atmospheric Association cfs cubic feet per second O
CWA Clean Water Act OHWM ordinary high water mark D P
DDD dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (pesticide) PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls DDE dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (produced S from the breakdown of DDT) SAO Sensitive Area Ordinance DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (pesticide) SEPA State Environmental Protection Act DIP Detailed Implementation Plan SEWs structural earth walls DNS determination of non-significance SPCC Spill Prevention Control and DPS distinct population segment Countermeasures E SR 240 State Route 240 EA environmental assessment T
Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology TESC Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control
EPA Environmental Protection Agency TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load
ESA Endangered Species Act TP total copper
F TSS total suspended solids
FEMA Federal Emergency Management TZn total zinc Association U FHWA Federal Highway Administration USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers G USFWS U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service GIS geographical information system USGS U.S. Geological Survey I W I-182 Interstate 182 WAC Washington State Administrative Code M WDFW Washington Department of Fish and mph miles per hour Wildlife WPCA Water Pollution Control Act WRIA Water Resource Inventory Area
WSDNR Washington State Department of Natural Resources
WSDOT Washington State Department of Transportation
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Glossary of Technical Terms 4D Rule - Section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) directs the National Oceanic Atmospheric Association (NOAA) to issue regulations to conserve threatened species. These regulations prohibit the killing or injuring (these are termed as “take” in the document) of threatened species without specific written authorization. Aquifer - When the pores of rock or soil layers are completely filled with water and these pores are connected, water is able to flow through, which in turn yields water in large amounts. When this occurs, the layer is considered an aquifer. Cumulative Effects - The term cumulative effect refers to both the direct and indirect effects of the past, current, and future uses of the project. Daylight - A pipe that daylights begins underground but the end is above ground due to changes in elevation of the ground. Dry Well - A dry well is an underground structure (can be a concrete box or cylinder) that has no floor on the bottom. Stormwater enters the structure and is infiltrated into the underlying soils. Gradient - This is the rate of descent and describes the steepness. It can be mathematically determined by dividing the rise in elevation by the horizontal distance, expressed as a percentage. Groundwater - Water located in the pore spaces of underground soil/rock. Impervious - This means incapable of being penetrated. Indirect Effects - Indirect effects are affects that occur later in time but are a result of the project. National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) - NEPA requires federal agencies to integrate environmental values into their decision-making processes by considering the environmental impacts of their proposed actions and reasonable alternatives to those actions. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) - Authorized by the Clean Water Act, the NPDES controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into water of the United States. In order to discharge pollution into water of United States, you must obtain a permit. The permit lists limits on what you can discharge and how to monitor/report discharges. The Washington State Department of Ecology issues the NPDES permit under the authority of the Environmental Protection Agency.
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Pore Space - Pore space is the space between soil or rock particles/grains. State Environmental Protection Act (SEPA) - SEPA was enacted in 1971 and is the framework for agencies to identify possible environmental impacts that may result from construction projects, adoption of regulations policies or plans. SEPA applies to all state and local agencies (cities, counties, ports, school districts, water districts, etc.) within Washington State. For the definition of SEPA, the term “project” will refer to a construction project/regulation/policy/plan. An agency (could be state or local) is identified as the lead agency who is responsible for evaluating any possible impacts to the environment if the project is carried through. The lead agency first determines if an environmental review is needed. If the agency determines that an environmental review is needed, the project will be asked to fill out an “environmental checklist.” This checklist asks general questions about the project and any potential impacts to the environment. If the agency believes that the project will not have a significant environmental impact, the agency will issue a determination of non-significance (DNS). If the agency believes that the project will have a significant impact on the environment, they will require the preparation of an environmental impact statement (EIS). The EIS is an impartial discussion of significant environmental impacts, project alternatives, and mitigation measures that the project may employ in order to avoid or minimize impacts to the environment. The public is allowed 30 days to comment on the EIS. Sump - A sump is a general term that refers to the area in a catch basin or manhole below the bottom of the pipe. The sumps allow sediment to drop out of the incoming stormwater to be deposited on the catch basin/manhole’s floor. Surface Water - Water that is collected and stored in natural occurring bodies of water, such as lakes, streams, rivers, wetlands, or oceans. TMDL - Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) is a written report that describes and assesses the water quality problems and the potential sources of these problems. The report will determine the amount of pollutant that can be discharged to the water body. The report will also determine all of the sources of the pollution and divide the amount of pollutant to be discharged amongst sources. Water Quality - Describes the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of surface waters. Watershed - A watershed is an area of land where all of the water drains to a single water body, such as a river, lake, stream, or ocean. A watershed is also known as a drainage basin. Watershed Planning Act - In 1998, the Washington State Legislature passed the Watershed Planning Act. This act provided a framework for citizens, government organizations, and special
Duportail Street Bridge Project 7 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011 interest groups to collaborate to identify and provide solutions for Washington State’s water resource inventory areas (WRIA). Well - A hole is dug up by drilling, boring, or driving a pipe into the ground. The water is pulled to the top by an electric or mechanical hand pump. Well Head Protection Area - A well can become unusable if contaminants are able to enter the soils that surround the well. In order to prevent this, an area around the well is designated as the well head protection area.
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Executive Summary
This Surface Water Discipline Report analyzes the existing and predicted future effects to surface water in the vicinity of the proposed Duportail Street Bridge project located in the city of Richland in Washington State. The project involves the construction of a four-lane bridge between the existing Duportail Street on the southwest side of the Yakima River, to Duportail Street on the northeast side of the river. In addition, intersection improvements at State Route 240 (SR 240) and Duportail Street will be included, as well as a new roadway (Tanglewood Drive) on the north side of the proposed bridge, which will be constructed to connect the existing land uses to Duportail Street. A stormwater detention pond, infiltration facilities, and a new watermain will be constructed. The current Columbia Irrigation Canal drainage will be enclosed under the proposed bridge. The proposed project is located within the legal geographic area of Township 09 North, Range 28 East, Sections 15 and 16, Benton County, Washington. Existing land use along the project corridor consists of primarily natural open space, multifamily residential, and a few businesses. Refer to Exhibit 1, Vicinity Map, in Chapter 1, Introduction and Summary of Conclusions. Exhibit A, on the following page, is a three-dimensional (3-D) rendering of the project. Surface water resources in the project area were identified by collecting and reviewing maps and government reports. The surface water discipline team acquired background information for the project through coordination with City engineers, geographical information system (GIS) mapping, and agency web sites: Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services (USFWS), and Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). Two alternatives were analyzed, the No- Build and Build. The No-Build Alternative is used as a baseline to compare the effects of the Build Alternative. Under the No-Build Alternative, no construction or improvements would take place.
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Exhibit A Build Alternative 3-D View (looking north)
This study shows that any potential impacts to surface waters during construction will be abated with an approved temporary erosion sediment control (TESC) plan and a spill prevention control and countermeasures (SPCC) plan. Both of these plans will be constantly revised and amended during construction as construction staging, equipment, and phasing changes. A Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL) will be on site. The Build Alternative would improve the water quality of the Yakima River by decreasing the pollutant loading on the river. In general, an increase in impervious surfaces greatly increases the quantity of stormwater runoff. The use of infiltration facilities on this project will negate this possibility.
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Chapter 1 Introduction and Summary of Conclusions
What is the final use of the surface water discipline study? This study will be included in the environmental assessment (EA), which determines whether or not a project will significantly affect the environment. Why are surface waters considered in an environmental assessment? Surface waters provide habitat for fish and aquatic life. Surface waters can be affected by small changes to surrounding lands. When permeable areas are converted to impermeable areas, rainfall can no longer be absorbed into the ground. Unable to penetrate the earth, the rainfall becomes runoff. The runoff contributes to greater flows (increased quantity) within a river or stream channel. This may cause the banks to erode; streambed gravel to be washed away; and overtopping of the banks, which leads to the flooding of surrounding areas. The temperature of the runoff water from areas with high percentages of impervious area is typically higher than pervious areas. Some aquatic species cannot tolerate fluctuations in water temperature due to runoff from impervious areas. The change in temperature also changes the water quality of the surface water. What is water quality? Water quality describes the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of surface waters.
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What is surface water? Surface water is water that is collected and stored in natural occurring bodies of water, such as lakes, streams, rivers, wetlands, or oceans. The term surface waters also includes manmade storage systems, such as detention ponds. For this report, surface waters will also refer to groundwater. Why do we need to protect What is groundwater? The water located in the pore spaces surface waters? of underground soil/rock. Surface waters provide humans with drinking water and recreational activities, such as boating, fishing, and swimming. Surface waters also provide habitat for fish and aquatic life, which is essential to the food chain. What is pore space? Pore space is the space between soil Where is the project located? or rock particles/grains. The project is located in the city of Richland in eastern Washington. Geographically, the project is located in Township 09 North, Range 28 East, and Sections 15 and 16, in Benton County. See Exhibit 1: Vicinity Map. What is the scope of the project? The Duportail Street Bridge project proposes to construct a four- lane bridge over the Yakima River. Duportail Street dead-ends on both the north and south sides of the river. The proposed bridge and roadway will connect the two ends of Duportail Street. The bridge will also provide an extra wide path on the upriver side of the bridge for both pedestrians and bicyclists. As part of the project, Tanglewood Drive, which crosses Duportail Street and also parallels the river on the north side, will be extended to the east and west. The extension of Tanglewood Drive will also provide sidewalks on the south side of the roadway. An access road will be constructed from the proposed eastern dead-end of Tanglewood Drive to a church located to the northeast.
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Horn Rapids 240 Athletic Complex
WASHINGTON Saint St
Richland George Washington Way Washington George Richland Airport
224 Van Giesen St
City of C
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Richland u
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Swift Blvd Jadwin Ave
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r W.E. Johnson Park Lee Blvd Thayer Dr 240 Birch Dr Yakima River River porta Wellsian Way Du il St Tanglewood Dr Cottonwood Dr
City View Dr Adams St
Queensgate Dr Aaron Dr Kennedy Rd 182 182 240 Keene Rd 0 900 1800 Feet
Exhibit 1 – Vicinity Map Duportail Street Bridge Project Project Limits City of Richland Duportail Street Bridge February 2011
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A traffic signal will be installed at the following intersections with Duportail Street: City View Drive and Tanglewood Drive. Duportail Street intersects State Route 240 (SR 240) to the north. Upgrades to this signalized intersection will be included with the project. Along with the roadway improvements, a new water main will be constructed and an irrigation canal on the south side of the river will be enclosed. In order to construct the Duportail Street Bridge, a temporary work bridge will need to be constructed then eventually deconstructed. How will the project impact water quality? During construction, the project will have an approved Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control (TESC) plan that will constantly be revised as construction conditions change. The project will have to adhere to the turbidity standards of Section 401 of the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) water quality standards (Ecology, 2006). Long term, the project will treat all of the new pollution-generating impervious surfaces totaling 5.75 acres plus an additional area of 1.39 acres of replaced pollution-generating impervious surfaces with infiltration facilities. The pollutant loading will be reduced by 32, 6.5, and 29.5 percent from present day conditions for each of the respective pollutants: total suspended solids, copper, and zinc. Exhibit 2: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading Graph below shows the pollutant loading for both the Build and No-Build alternatives. Because the stormwater will be routed to infiltration facilities, the additional quantity due to the increase in impervious surfaces of stormwater becomes a moot point. Pollutant loading was determined using the guidance set forth in WSDOT’s publication, Quantitative Procedures for Surface Water Impact Assessments (WSDOT, 2009).
Exhibit 2: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading Graph
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Chapter 2 Purpose and Need for the Action
Existing Condition The city of Richland is bounded by the Columbia River to the east, SR 240 to the west, Hanford site to the north, and Interstate 182 (I- 182) to the south. These features limit the access to and from the central part of Richland where there are only four connection points to and from the area. The south end of the city contains two choke points in which 75,000 vehicles per day pass through. The first choke point is at Aaron Drive, a feeder street to I-182, and the second choke point is at George Washington Way, a feeder street to Aaron Drive. Refer to Exhibit 3: Choke Points. The cars getting caught in the choke points are making their way from the city center to the Queensgate neighborhood on the southwest side of the Yakima River. Only two roads intersect SR 240 between the existing crossings at SR 224 and I-182 to allow for an additional crossing of the Yakima River, Swift Boulevard, and Duportail Street. Duportail Street is directly across from the Queensgate neighborhood. The existing Duportail Street is bisected by the Yakima River, resulting in two roads named Duportail Street that dead-end on each side of the river. The intersection of Duportail Street and Queensgate Drive (project origin) is surrounded by new commercial and retail development. Moving north along Duportail Street, a mobile home park is located along the east side of the street, and the west side of the street is vacant land and areas for recreational use. Duportail Street picks up again on the north side of the Yakima River and is lined on both sides by apartment complexes to its intersection with SR 240. North of SR 240, single- family residences lie on either side of Duportail Street to the project terminus, approximately at the intersection of Duportail Street and Birch Avenue.
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224 Van Giesen St
City of Bypass Highway Bypass
Richland C o
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e r Swift Blvd
240
George Washington Wy
orta up il S D t Choke Points
Aaron Dr Queensgate Dr 182
240
Columbia Park Trail
182 Keene Rd
0 900 1800 Feet
Exhibit 3 – Choke Points Duportail Street Bridge Project Downtown Growth Area City of Richland Queensgate Growth Area Project Limits February 2011 Duportail Bridge
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The existing southern portion of Duportail Street is a four-lane road with a center turn lane, curb and gutter, and sidewalks (along the western roadside, as well as along the eastern roadside adjacent to the mobile home park). The existing northern portion of Duportail Street is a two-lane roadway with left-hand turn lanes (at its intersection with SR 240), curb and gutter, and sidewalks. City View Drive is an unimproved, two-lane gravel roadway. Riverstone Drive is a two-lane roadway with incomplete sidewalks, curb and gutter to the south, and shoulders to the north. SR 240 is a six-lane roadway with left-hand turn lanes and shoulders. The intersection of SR 240 and Duportail Street is signalized and a single-track railroad line crosses Duportail Street approximately 75 feet south of the SR 240 intersection. Purpose The purpose of this project is to alleviate congestion on the I-182 and SR 240 corridors in the city of Richland, to improve emergency vehicle response times to currently underserved areas of town, and improve mobility for bicycle and pedestrian users from the south side of the Yakima River to the north. A new fire station is planned at the approximate location of the intersection of Duportail Street and City View Drive. The proposed new connection over the Yakima River for emergency vehicles using Duportail Street would be a faster, more direct route in some cases. The proposed bridge will contain a 12-foot trail on the upriver side, creating a safe crossing for non-motorized traffic, as the speed limit for the proposed bridge is 35 miles per hour (mph). The proposed new connection over the Yakima River can be used for a more direct route to shopping, employment, or other purposes. An additional north-south crossing in the city of Richland aims to improve mobility and will substantially reduce the amount of local trips within the SR 240 and I-182 corridor areas. Water conveyance will be constructed on the proposed bridge, via two 24-inch pipes converging into one 36-inch pipe at each end of the bridge. The current deteriorating, 36-inch waterline will be valved out of service and abandoned in place. A previous commitment has been made by the City to replace the waterline, and the City has received a grant from the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) to reduce vulnerabilities to the waterline. Need The City of Richland is planning to serve the growing infrastructure needs of the city, particularly emergency vehicle response times and non-motorized transportation, by constructing an additional bridge over the Yakima River, connecting Duportail Street south of the Yakima River to Duportail Street north of the Yakima River. In addition, improvements are needed for the city’s water pipeline in
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this area, which is now exposed in places and susceptible to damage or vandalism. There are four existing conditions associated with the roadway that require action to address the above needs.
Reduce emergency response times on the south side of the river Improve non-motorized access Improve the city’s arterial street network connectivity to reduce the amount of local trips on SR 240 and I-182
Replace exposed 36-inch waterline Reduce emergency response times on the south side of the river Currently, there is only one crossing, I-182, over the Yakima River in the city of Richland that services the new developments on the south side of the river. There are two other crossings, SR 224 in the north part of Richland and SR 240 to the south of the city, however, to take one of these routes would be lengthy and time consuming. The SR 224 crossing and the I-182 crossing are roughly 3 miles apart, SR 240 crosses just south of I-182. Emergency vehicles needing to get to the other side of the river must choose between crossing to the north or crossing to the south, which may extend response times to locations located between the existing crossings.
Improve non-motorized access The three existing crossings over the Yakima River in the city of Richland are able to primitively accommodate bicycle and pedestrian access. However, just as the bridge would provide a more direct route for cars and public transportation, the 12-foot trail on the bridge will provide a more direct route for non- motorized transportation from the city center to the Queensgate neighborhood.
Improve the city’s arterial street network connectivity to reduce the amount of local trips on SR 240 and I-182 I-182 is currently the only one of three crossings over the Yakima River that services the new developments on the south side of the river. Residential and retail developments southwest of the city center have created a need for more cars to travel over the I-182 bridge. The I-182 bridge is increasingly being used as a route for local trips from the city center to the newer developments. The need for local trips to use I-182 is anticipated only to increase as development and population rise. Increasing capacity on the existing crossings of the Yakima River will not solve the problem seen at the choke points in the city of Richland, as the choke points occur on local feeder streets to the main crossing (I-182). The Aaron Drive choke point can be alleviated by approximately 8,500 cars in the year 2012 and by
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approximately 12,000 cars in 2032 with the proposed bridge, as the current queued cars waiting to get on I-182 take an alternative, more distant crossing in order to continue their local travel. For more information on how the transportation system will be improved by the Build Alternative, see the Transportation Discipline Report, prepared by BergerABAM, August 2010.
Exposed 36-inch waterline The existing 36-inch waterline that is the sole source of domestic water to all of the residents and businesses in southern Richland crosses the Yakima River near Duportail Street. The waterline is exposed in places as it crosses the river, leaving the waterline susceptible to potential further damage and vandalism. Background Information In mid-2006, the City of Richland formed a committee with the specific task of identifying and determining the best route to alleviate congestion on the I-182 and SR 240 corridors. The committee consisted of two members from the City’s Planning Commission, two members from the Economic Development Committee, one member from the Parks and Recreation Commission, and two City Council members. Four alternatives were analyzed.
1. Construct a bridge over the Yakima River at Swift Boulevard along with corridor improvements
2. Construct a bridge over the Yakima River at Duportail Street along with corridor improvements
3. Make improvements to I-182 and Aaron Drive by adding more lanes
4. Construct a bridge over the Yakima River at Goethals Drive along with corridor improvements The committee, a traffic consultant, and City staff developed scoring criteria and a matrix to evaluate each alternative. The City of Richland held a public open house in January 2007, to discuss each alternative and to receive feedback from the community. The meeting was well attended by more than 100 people. A questionnaire was handed out asking people to circle their preferred option and an area at the bottom was provided for comments. The questionnaire filled out by the attendees indicated that Alternative 3, to improve the existing I-182 corridor, was the most popular with those attending the meeting. Alternative 2, the Duportail Street Bridge, was the second choice. However, a month after the open house, the City of Richland received a petition with more than 120 signatures from the Hills Mobile home park, located southeast of the project, supporting the Duportail corridor. The
Duportail Street Bridge Project 19 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011 committee made a recommendation to City Council in February 2007 that supported the Duportail alternative. After holding workshop meetings with Council to walk through the analysis, the City Council selected the Duportail corridor as the Yakima River crossing location in May 2007.
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Chapter 3 Description of Alternatives
What are the alternatives? The City of Richland is considering two alternatives for this project: (1) Build Alternative and (2) No-Build Alternative. See below for the description of the two alternatives and the concerns of how each alternative may affect both the water quality and water quantity. Both alternatives are within the city of Richland in the vicinity of Duportail Street near the Yakima River.
Build Alternative Under the Build Alternative, the proposed bridge project would include the elements below.
Installation of traffic signal at the intersection of City View Drive and Duportail Street at the south end of the project, which includes a left-turn lane onto City View Drive
Construction of a four-lane bridge (with 12-foot pedestrian/bicycle path on the upriver side) over the Yakima River to tie in the disconnected north and south ends of Duportail Street thus relieving congestion on I-182 and decreasing emergency response times
Extend existing Tanglewood Drive to the east; extension will be a two-lane road with a sidewalk on the south side; this will increase mobility/pedestrian access from the residences to the west and decreases vehicular traffic on congested SR 240
Extend two-lane Tanglewood Drive from the intersection with Duportail Street further to the east to increase accessibility to existing apartments to the north
Installation of traffic signal at the intersection of extended Tanglewood Drive and Duportail to expedite traffic
Construction of additional lanes along Duportail Street between Tanglewood Drive and SR 240 to the north; left-turn lanes will improve access to apartments on west and east sides of Duportail Street; sidewalks will provide expanded travel choices for pedestrians and bicyclists
The north and south legs of the intersection of SR 240 and Duportail Street will be reconfigured
The existing parking lot used to access the boat launch and trails on the northwest of the bridge will be reconstructed
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A trail will be constructed under the new bridge to connect with the existing riverfront trails on the north side of the bridge Other improvements include
Structural earth walls (SEWs) will be constructed at each of the four corners of the Duportail Street/Tanglewood Drive intersection. Using retaining walls reduce the amount of right-of- way to be purchased and amount of fill material to be installed. Exhibit 4: Structural Earth Walls shows the configuration of the SEWs. Exhibit 4: Structural Earth Walls
BNSF Railroad’s tracks running parallel to SR 240, at the north end of the project, will be raised to the same elevation as the SR 240/Duportail Street intersection.
The existing watermain that crosses under the Yakima River will be replaced.
The existing irrigation canal, located south of the proposed bridge, will be enclosed in the vicinity of the bridge.
Infiltration trenches and an infiltration pond will be constructed for stormwater See Exhibit 5: Build Alternative Project Area on the following page.
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Tanglewood Drive Riverstone Drive 240
Riverpointe Apartments
Bypass Highway
Shoreline Village Tanglewood Drive Duportail ApartmentsStreet Western Extension Church
Pond
Access Road Tanglewood Drive Eastern Extension City View Drive Ya kim a River
Future Fire Station
City Shops Complex Hills Mobile Home Park Irrigation Canal
Queensgate Drive
Target
Duportail Street
Walmart
182
Home Depot 0 250 500 Feet
Exhibit 5 – Build Alternative Project Area Duportail Street Bridge Project Bridge City of Richland Roadway February 2011
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Water Quality and Water Quantity Concerns for the Build Alternative Stormwater will be treated in accordance with Ecology’s 2004 Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington (Ecology, 2004). For the proposed condition, stormwater will be captured in infiltration trenches that will treat the runoff for water quality. All of the stormwater will be infiltrated. Therefore, there will not be an increase in the amount of runoff (water quantity). Another advantage to this alternative is that the stormwater will be infiltrated and not be allowed to directly enter the Yakima River, which greatly reduces the potential for temperature changes in the river. No-Build Alternative Under the No-Build Alternative, the Duportail Street Bridge, along with improvements to the surrounding streets, would not be built. The City would conduct routine maintenance and repairs as needed at the two disconnected ends of Duportail Street. The No-Build Alternative would not alleviate the increasing congestion facing the citizens of Richland. The potential for the aging irrigation canal to fail increases as time passes and no upgrades are made to the canal. The existing deteriorating watermain will continue to be plagued by erosion and scour and may fail in the future and will need to be repaired whether or not the project is built.
Water Quality and Water Quantity Concerns for the No-Build Alternative Stormwater will continue to flow overland to the Yakima River. Sediment will continue to be transported to the river by the runoff, and temperatures in the river will continue to fluctuate. See Exhibit 6: No-Build Alternative Project Area on the following page.
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Tanglewood Drive Riverstone Drive 240
Riverpointe Apartments
Bypass Highway
Shoreline Village Duportail ApartmentsStreet Church
City View Drive Ya kim a River
Future Fire Station
City Shops Complex Hills Mobile Home Park Irrigation Canal
Queensgate Drive
Target
Duportail Street
Walmart
182
Home Depot 0 250 500 Feet
Exhibit 6 – No-Build Alternative Project Area Duportail Street Bridge Project City of Richland
February 2011
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Chapter 4 Studies, Coordination, Methods, and Regulations
How was the surface water information obtained? Surface water resources in the project area were identified by collecting and reviewing maps and government reports. The surface water discipline team acquired background information for the project through coordination with City engineers, geographical information system (GIS) mapping provided by the City of Richland, as-built drawings, and a survey that was conducted for the project. Below is a list of agency reports and a brief description of why they were obtained.
1. Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington (Ecology, 2004) This manual provides technical guidance of stormwater design and management for eastern Washington.
2. Washington State Department of Ecology 303(d) list (Ecology, 2009) Ecology’s list, required by the CWA, of impaired waters in Washington State. This list contains the pollutant(s) that causes the water body to be classified as “impaired.”
3. Yakima River Pesticides and PCB’s Total Maximum Daily Load Publication No. 10-03-018 (Ecology, 2010) This is the TMDL plan for the Yakima River. This publication describes the levels of 303(d) pollutants in the river. This publication provides target rates for the river’s pollutants that would bring the river into compliance with water quality standards.
4. Floodplain Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010b) This report describes the floodplain and any substantial effects to the floodplain for the Build Alternative.
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5. Geology and Soils Discipline Report (Shannon & Wilson, 2010) This report describes the geology, topography, groundwater conditions, infiltration ability of the soils, slope stability, and river scour for the project area of the Build alternative.
6. Transportation Discipline Report (BergerABAM, 2010) This report describes the potential effects on transportation for the Build Alternative. The purpose and need for the Build Alternative is substantiated in this document.
7. Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, and Vegetation Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010a) This report describes the species, habitats, and vegetation within the project area for the Build Alternative. What water resources are in the project area? The Yakima River flows to the southeast. What stormwater regulation will the project follow? The stormwater facilities will be designed in accordance with the 2004 Ecology’s Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington. How do land use regulations affect the project? Land use designations and regulations are described in detail in the Land Use Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010c).
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What is the Watershed Planning Act? In 1998, the Washington State Legislature passed the Watershed Planning Act. This act provided a framework for citizens, government organizations, and special interest groups to collaborate to identify and provide solutions for Washington State’s water resource inventory areas (WRIA). The act originally consisted of three phases. What is WRIA? 1. Organizational Phase Washington State Department of 2. Assessment Phase Ecology divides Washington State into 62 Water Resource Inventory 3. Planning Phase Areas (WRIAs). These 62 WRIAs are In 2003, the legislature passed the Watershed Management Plan representative of the state’s major Implementation Bill that added another phase to the Watershed watersheds. See Exhibit 7: State Planning Act – Phase 4 Implementation Phase. WRIA Map.
Exhibit 7: State WRIA Map
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Exhibit 8: Watershed
What is a watershed? A watershed is an area of land where all of the water drains to a single water body, such as a river, lake, stream, or ocean. A watershed is also known as a drainage basin. See Exhibit 8: Watershed.
What local basin plans or watershed protection plans are in place? The City of Richland does not have a local basin plan. Yakima, Benton, and Kittitas counties, along with the Yakama Tribal Nation, collaborated and approved of the “Watershed Management Plan Yakima River Basin.” This Detailed Implementation Plan (DIP) covers the Upper Yakima (WRIA 39), Naches (WRIA 38), and Lower Yakima (WRIA 37). The DIP, currently under development, will define the framework for future water decisions in these WRIAs. Therefore, at this time, there is no watershed protection plan in place. Are there any Critical Area Ordinances that the project needs to adhere to? There are no Critical Area Ordinances but the City of Richland adopted a Sensitive Area Ordinance (SAO) in November 1993 (RMC, 2010a). This code contains standards, guidelines, criteria, and requirements to identify, analyze, and mitigate probable impacts on the City’s sensitive areas and to enhance and restore when possible. The City’s sensitive areas map identifies geologic hazards (steep slope) and floodplains in the project area. The project’s impacts on these sensitive areas are being addressed in separate discipline reports, Geology and Soils Discipline Report (Shannon & Wilson, 2010) and Floodplain Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010b). Should there be any impacts from the proposed project, minimization measures and/or compensation will be consistent with the requirements of the ordinance.
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What is an aquifer? When the pores of rock or soil layers are completely filled with water and these pores are connected, water is able to flow through, which in turn yields water in large amounts. When this occurs, the layer is considered an aquifer. The aquifer may be located close to the surface or hundreds of feet below the surface. The water movement may be as fast as several feet in a day or as slow as a few centimeters in a century. If there is an impermeable layer over the aquifer, it is classified as a confined aquifer. See Exhibit 9: Pore Space and Exhibit 10: Aquifer for pore space and aquifer, respectively.
Exhibit 9: Pore Space
Exhibit 10: Aquifer
What is a combined sewer system? A combined sewer system collects What is a well? both stormwater and sanitary sewage in the same closed pipe system. This In the past, a hole was dug into the ground until the aquifer was type of system was constructed in the reached. Once the aquifer was reached, water would accumulate at early twentieth century but is no the bottom of the hole. A small shelter/shed was built over the top longer constructed. These types of to prevent contaminants from entering the water at the bottom. systems caused severe water pollution Buckets attached to ropes were lowered into the hole to be filled problems.
Duportail Street Bridge Project 30 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011 with the water. In modern times, the hole is dug by drilling, boring, or driving a pipe into the ground. The water is pulled to the top by an electric or mechanical hand pump. What is a well head protection area? A well can become unusable if contaminants are able to enter the soils that surround the well. In order to prevent this, an area around the well is designated as the well head protection area. Facilities and/or activities, such as solid waste disposal, chemical storage, fertilizer use/storage, and industries using hazardous material, are prohibited in the well head protection area. Are there any well head or aquifer protections plans? What is the difference between No, there are no well head or aquifer protection plans in the project "non-point" and "point" sources of vicinity. pollutants? Non-point sources of pollution come from stormwater flowing over the Are there any combined sewer ground or through the ground; and, on outfall reduction plans? its way, it picks up both man-made and natural pollutants. These There are no combined sewer systems in the area. pollutants are then deposited in surface waters. Non-point source What is the Clean Water Act and pollutions are difficult to pinpoint because they can come from a variety how does it affect surface of sources, such as failing septic waters? systems, agricultural activities, construction activities, and parking Congress passed the first Water Pollution Control Act (WPCA) in lots. 1948. The WPCA focused on controlling point source pollution, such as outfalls from sewage plants, industrial facilities, and oil Point sources of pollution can be refineries. The WPCA was amended in 1972 to become known as traced to specific locations, such as the Clean Water Act (CWA). This amendment focuses on non-point sewage treatment plants, industrial source pollutants. Under Section 303(d) of the CWA, states are facilities, landfills, and vehicle required to set water quality standards and every 2 years list maintenance facilities. surface waters that do not meet those standards. These waters are termed “impaired waters.” This list is known as the “303(d) list” and is submitted to the EPA. States with waters on the 303(d) list are required to implement a water clean-up plan for each listed water. The water clean-up plan is also known as a Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL). As part of the Clean Water Act, each state must prepare a water quality assessment report every 2 years for all (not just impaired) waters of the state. This report is known as the “305(b) report.”
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Are the water resources in the area on a 303(d) list? Yes, the Yakima River is on the 303(d) list (Ecology, 2009). Water quality information for this discipline report came from Ecology’s 303(d) list and Washington’s water quality assessment report [305(b) report]. Are there any Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for surface What is a TMDL? A TMDL is a written report that waters in the area? describes and assesses the water The Lower Yakima River first established a TMDL in 1998. This quality problems and the potential TMDL was for sediment and DDT. The original TMDL helped to sources of these problems. The report improve aquatic life but did not achieve the criteria for human will determine the amount of pollutant health; therefore, the Lower Yakima River remains as a Category 5 that can be discharged to the water water body as classified by Ecology. Ecology recently published the body. The report will also determine Yakima River Pesticides and PCBs Total Maximum Daily Load, all of the sources of the pollution and Publication No. 10-03-018 (Ecology, 2010a). divide the amount of pollutant to be discharged amongst sources. How does Washington State classify the water quality of water bodies? Ecology categorizes the water bodies by one of five classifications, which range from Category 1 to 5.
Category 1: Meets tested standards for clean waters Water is only tested for specific pollutants. Inclusion in this category does not mean the water is free of all pollutants.
Category 2: Waters of concern In this category, there may be evidence of degrading water quality, but the levels are not high enough to require a TMDL.
Category 3: Insufficient data Water bodies that are not listed in any of the other four categories are presumed to be in Category 3.
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Category 4: Polluted waters that do not require a TMDL Water bodies that do not meet water quality standard but are improved by one of three methods.
1. Category 4a – These water bodies are currently implementing a TMDL.
2. Category 4b – These water bodies have a program in place to reduce pollution.
3. Category 4c – These water bodies are considered impaired by other means than pollution. They may be impaired by low water flow, stream channelization concerns, dams, etc. They are typically physical impairments.
Category 5: Polluted waters that require a TMDL Waters where the water quality standard has not been met for one or more pollutions. Category 5 waters require a TMDL. Are there any habitat conservations plans, 4D rules, or biological assessments for the What is a 4D rule? project? Section 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) directs the A biological assessment is being written for the project. As shown National Oceanic Atmospheric in Exhibit 11: Species and Critical Habitat in Benton County, Association (NOAA) to issue Washington, below are the species and critical habitat listed by regulations to conserve threatened NOAA Fisheries (2005, 2009), USFWS (2008, 2010), and species. These regulations prohibit the Washington State Department of Natural Resources (WSDNR, killing or injuring (these are termed as 2008) as potentially present in Benton County. For a detailed “take” in the document) of threatened description of wildlife in the project area and how they may be species without specific written impacted, see the Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, and Vegetation authorization. Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010a).
Exhibit 11: Species and Critical Habitat in Benton County, Washington Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Pygmy Rabbit
(Columbia Basin DPS) Brachylagus idahoensis Endangered
Bull Trout
(Columbia River DPS) Salvelinus confluentus Threatened
Bull Trout Critical Habitat
(Columbia River DPS) Proposed
Steelhead Trout
(Middle Columbia River DPS) Oncorhynchus mykiss Threatened
Steelhead Trout Critical
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Common Name Scientific Name Federal Status Habitat
(Middle Columbia River DPS) Designated
Ute Ladies’ tresses Spiranthes diluvialis Threatened
DPS = distinct population segment Are there any local shoreline plans or ordinances? As the proposed project is a bridge spanning the Yakima River, there are shorelines in the project area. Shorelines are regulated in the City of Richland by Title 26 of the Municipal Code. Title 26 states: “The designation of conservancy environments on Richland’s shorelines seeks to satisfy some of the needs of the community relative to the present and future location of recreation areas serving existing and proposed population concentrations and to provide a continuous flow of recreational uses and benefits without substantial adverse modification of the shoreline character (RMC, 2010b). Recognized uses in the conservancy environment are those which are generally non-consumptive of the physical and geological resources of the land and water uses.” The project will not have substantial adverse modification of the shoreline character and will be enhancing recreational opportunities with improvements to the existing boat launch. Title 26 contains special use circumstances applicable to this project: (C) Roads and railroads may be permitted only when necessary to cross a shoreline area and no other feasible alternative is present, and; (D) Any utility brought into a conservancy environment shall be located and designed so that it minimizes impact on scenic views or aesthetic qualities and so that it minimizes environmental impact. Are there any shellfish closure response plans? As there are no commercially important shellfish inhabiting the Yakima River; therefore, no shellfish closures will occur in this area.
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Permits Required for the Duportail Street Bridge Project Exhibit 12: Permits Required for Project below is a list of the permits required for the project along with the activity the permit covers and the presiding agency.
Exhibit 12: Permits Required for Project Permit, Approvals, and Concurrences Activity Agency NEPA Concurrence Proposed action will use federal funds, Federal Highway Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, and Vegetation occur on federal lands, and require permit Administration (FHWA, Discipline Report approvals from both the U.S. Army Corps of lead), USACE, and FEMA Surface Water Discipline Report Engineers (USACE) and FEMA Geology and Soils Discipline Report 4(f) Discipline Report Visual Impacts Discipline Report Traffic Noise Discipline Report Public Services and Utilities Discipline Report Land Use Discipline Report Environmental Justice Discipline Report
Section 7 Concurrence USFWS and NOAA Fisheries
Section 106 Concurrence Excavation of previously undisturbed areas Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation
Section 401 Water Quality Certification Required for discharges into waters of the Ecology United States associated with the Section 10 permit
Section 404 Permit Discharge of fill to waters of the United USACE States
SEPA Determination Proposed action will use state funds City of Richland
NPDES Permit Approval Stormwater discharge Ecology
Hydraulic Permit Approval Use, diversion, obstruction, or change the WDFW bed or flow of state waters
Shoreline Permit Development within a designated shoreline City of Richland of the state
Critical Areas Permit Project action will occur on/in habitat areas City of Richland associated with threatened, endangered, sensitive, or priority species
Geologic Hazard Permit Earthwork and/or placement of a City of Richland structure(s) in or within 200 feet of a geologic hazard area
Floodplain Development Permit Fill to be placed below the 100-year flood City of Richland
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Define National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) NEPA requires federal agencies to integrate environmental values into their decision-making processes by considering the environmental impacts of their proposed actions and reasonable alternatives to those actions. Per EPA’s web site, September 2010, the NEPA process is summarized below. The NEPA process consists of an evaluation of the environmental effects of a federal undertaking including its alternatives. There are three levels of analysis depending on whether or not an undertaking could significantly affect the environment. These three levels include: categorical exclusion determination; preparation of an environmental assessment/finding of no significant impact (EA/FONSI); and preparation of an environmental impact statement (EIS). At the first level, an undertaking may be categorically excluded from a detailed environmental analysis if it meets certain criteria which a federal agency has previously determined as having no significant environmental impact. A number of agencies have developed lists of actions which are normally categorically excluded from environmental evaluation under their NEPA regulations. At the second level of analysis, a federal agency prepares a written environmental assessment (EA) to determine whether or not a federal undertaking would significantly affect the environment. If the answer is no, the agency issues a finding of no significant impact (FONSI). The FONSI may address measures which an agency will take to reduce (mitigate) potentially significant impacts. If the EA determines that the environmental consequences of a proposed federal undertaking may be significant, an EIS is prepared. An EIS is a more detailed evaluation of the proposed action and alternatives. The public, other federal agencies and outside parties may provide input into the preparation of an EIS and then comment on the draft EIS when it is completed. If a federal agency anticipates that an undertaking may significantly impact the environment, or if a project is environmentally controversial, a federal agency may choose to prepare an EIS without having to first prepare an EA. After a final EIS is prepared and at the time of its decision, a federal agency will prepare a public record of its decision addressing how the findings of the EIS, including consideration of alternatives, were incorporated into the agency's decision-making process.
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Define State Environmental Protection Act (SEPA) SEPA was enacted in 1971 and is the framework for agencies to identify possible environmental impacts that may result from construction projects, adoption of regulations policies or plans. SEPA applies to all state and local agencies (cities, counties, ports, school districts, water districts, etc.) within Washington State. For the definition of SEPA, the term “project” will refer to a construction project/regulation/ policy/plan. An agency (could be state or local) is identified as the lead agency who is responsible for evaluating any possible impacts to the environment if the project is carried through. The lead agency first determines if an environmental review is needed. If the agency determines that an environmental review is needed, the project will be asked to fill out an “environmental checklist.” This checklist asks general questions about the project and any potential impacts to the environment. If the agency believes that the project will not have a significant environmental impact, the agency will issue a determination of non-significance (DNS). If the agency believes that the project will have a significant impact on the environment, they will require the preparation of an environmental impact statement (EIS). The EIS is an impartial discussion of significant environmental impacts, project alternatives, and mitigation measures that the project may employ in order to avoid or minimize impacts to the environment. The public is allowed 30 days to comment on the EIS.
Define National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Authorized by the Clean Water Act, the NPDES controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into the waters of the United States. In order to discharge pollution into the waters of United States, you must obtain a permit. The permit lists limits on what you can discharge and how to monitor/report discharges. The Washington State Department of Ecology issues the NPDES permit under the authority of the Environmental Protection Agency.
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Chapter 5 Project Area Then and Now
Topography, Geology, and Soils In general, the project area has a rolling topography with steep slopes in the vicinity of the river. The soils are well drained. The project area is within the Columbia Plateau geologic province. Soils found on and near the project site include alluvium, silt, sand, and gravel. The soils in the study area were found to be suitable for infiltration facilities. Soils with high rates of infiltration improve water quality by using the soil as a filter. Water quantity is reduced because the soil does not retard the water from entering the soil, which in return reduces the amount of runoff. Further information related to geology, topography, soils, and their infiltration rates is provided in the Geology and Soils Discipline Report (Shannon & Wilson, 2010). Climate Due to the low amount of precipitation, about 7 inches a year, the City of Richland is considered close to a desert climate. The low precipitation does allow for support of perennial grasses and/or shrubs. This type of grassland is called a shrub-steppe. Temperatures range from 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer to 20 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit in the winter. Low precipitation and grassland increases the ability of sediment to be transported by wind. Surface Water Resources Project Boundaries The project begins a few hundred feet south and west of the existing intersection of City View Drive and Duportail Street. See Exhibit 1, Vicinity Map. The project continues northeasterly where the project is bounded to the north by Birch Avenue, which is north of SR 240. The western boundary of the project is at the existing cul-de-sac of Tanglewood Drive. The project will continue easterly along the extended Tanglewood Drive, past the new intersection with Duportail Street to terminate to the east at approximately 700 feet past the above-mentioned intersection. An access road for an existing church will be constructed from the eastern project boundary further to the northeast. Duportail Street slopes to the north from Queensgate Drive to the south river bank. Duportail
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Street slopes to the south from beyond Birch Avenue to the north river bank. Drainage Areas in Project Vicinity There are eight drainage areas. See Exhibit 13: Drainage Areas.
1. Area along Duportail Street between Queensgate Drive and City View Drive
2. Area north of City View Drive 3. Area for west Tanglewood Drive extension 4. Area for east Tanglewood Drive extension 5. Area between the cul-de-sac on north side of river and the Yakima River
6. Area between north end cul-de-sac and SR 240 7. Area between SR 240 and Cottonwood Drive 8. Area between Cottonwood Drive and Birch Avenue, north of SR 240
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Tanglewood Drive Riverstone Drive 240
Riverpointe Apartments
Bypass Highway
Shoreline Village Tanglewood Drive Duportail ApartmentsStreet Western Extension Church
Pond
Access Road Tanglewood Drive Eastern Extension City View Drive Ya kim a River
Future Fire Station
City Shops Complex Hills Mobile Home Park Irrigation Canal
Queensgate Drive
Target
Duportail Street
Walmart
182
Home Depot 0 250 500 Feet
Exhibit 13 – Drainage Areas Duportail Street Bridge Project Drainage Area No. 1 Drainage Area No. 6 City of Richland Drainage Area No. 2 Drainage Area No. 7 Drainage Area No. 3 Drainage Area No. 8 February 2011 Drainage Area No. 4 Drainage Area No. 5
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Existing Drainage Patterns What does “daylight” refer to? 1. Queensgate Drive is located approximately 1,000 feet southwest of A pipe that daylights begins City View Drive. Duportail Street slopes downward from underground but the end is Queensgate Drive to City View Drive. Along this portion of aboveground due to changes in Duportail Street, the stormwater is captured in grated inlets elevation of the ground. located on both sides of the roadway at the curb line from the vicinity of Queensgate Drive to the existing cul-de-sac near City See Exhibit 14: Daylight Pipe. View Drive. These grated inlets connect to an underground pipe system that daylights approximately 500 feet northwest of the intersection of City View Drive/Duportail Street. From the outfall, the stormwater is allowed to free-flow down the hill to eventually reach the Yakima River.
2. Stormwater runoff north of Duportail Street’s intersection with City View Drive flows overland to the north to eventually reach the Yakima River. Due to the steep slopes to the north, most of this runoff flows to the river before infiltration.
3. The stormwater runoff from the 1,900 feet on the north side of the Yakima River that will become the western extension of Tanglewood Drive, currently flows overland to the southwest to the Yakima River. The river bank is not as steep on the north side. Therefore, a large portion of the runoff is able to infiltrate.
Exhibit 14: Daylight Pipe
4. The stormwater runoff from the 700 feet on the north side of the Yakima River that will become the eastern extension of Tanglewood Drive, currently flows overland to the southeast to the Yakima River. The river bank is not as steep on the north side. Therefore, a large portion of the runoff is able to infiltrate on the north side of the river.
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5. South of the existing cul-de-sac on the north side of the river on Duportail Street, stormwater flows overland to the Yakima River located to the south. A portion of this runoff is able to infiltrate due to moderate slopes.
6. South of SR 240, along Duportail Street, stormwater is collected at the curb line in grated inlets. From the grate inlets, the stormwater is piped to swales located on the west side of Duportail Street for infiltration and evaporation.
7. The area south of Cottonwood Drive, sheets flow across SR 240 to be infiltrated on the south side of SR 240. What is a dry well? 8. From Birch Avenue to Cottonwood Drive, stormwater is collected A dry well is an underground structure at Cottonwood Drive in two dry wells with no outlets. (can be a concrete box or cylinder) that has no floor on the bottom. How much of the existing surfaces are impervious? Stormwater enters the structure and is About 2.36 acres of the project area are impervious. The project infiltrated into the underlying soils. site covers approximately 20 acres in total. Existing impervious areas account for approximately 12 percent of the project area. What WRIA is the project in? What does impervious mean? The Yakima River Basin is comprised of two subbasins: the Upper Yakima River Subbasin (WRIA 39) and the Lower Yakima River Impervious means incapable of being Subbasin (WRIA 37). See Exhibit 7, State WRIA Map. The Duportail penetrated. Street Bridge project is located in the Lower Yakima Subbasin of the Yakima River Basin. Where is the Yakima River? The Yakima River is located east of the Cascade Mountains. The Yakima River flows from the north at Keechelus Lake to the Columbia River, located to the southeast in Richland. The river is approximately 200 miles in length and has a drainage area of 6,155 square miles (USGS). The Yakima River is used for many recreational activities, such as motor boating, fishing, hunting, sailing, waterskiing, swimming, and camping (USBR, 2008). The Upper and Lower Yakima River subbasins are divided where the Naches River meets in the city of Yakima. See Exhibit 15: Duportail Rivers.
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Exhibit 15: Duportail Rivers
Are there any 303(d) listed waters on or near the project? The Upper and Lower Yakima rivers are 303(d) listed for exceeding water quality standards. The Lower Yakima River exceeds water quality limits for six listed legacy pollutants, two insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxin, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and fecal coliform bacteria. Below is a list and brief description of the items that impair the water quality in the Lower Yakima River.
Six Legacy Pollutants 1. DDT - dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (pesticide) 2. DDE - dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (produced from the breakdown of DDT)
3. DDD - dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (pesticide) 4. Dieldrin - Insecticide 5. Chloradane - Insecticide 6. Alpha-BHC - Pesticide
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Two Insecticides (currently allowed) 1. Endosulfan - Broad range insecticide, banned in more than 62 countries
2. Chlorpyrifos Other Water Quality Impairments PCBs - Used in industrial applications for coolants, inks, hydraulic fluids, etc. Also produced from the breakdown of DDT. Dioxin - Occur as by-products from the bleaching of paper, incineration of chlorine containing substances, and volcanoes and fires. Also produced from the breakdown of DDT. Dissolved Oxygen - Most aquatic life relies on oxygen dissolved in water for respiration. They extract the oxygen from the water through their gills or skin and transfer the oxygen to their blood stream. Some dissolved oxygen in water is good but too much dissolved oxygen causes “gas bubble disease” in fish. When this occurs, the bubbles of oxygen block the flow of blood through the fish’s blood vessels. On the other hand, if there is too little dissolved oxygen, then the fish and aquatic animals cannot extract oxygen from the water. pH - The pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the water. The measure of pH ranges from 0 to 14 with the value 7 being considered neutral. Below 7, the water is considered acidic. Above 7 the water is considered to be basic or alkaline. A pH range of 6 to 9 is preferable for aquatic life. Another important factor in the pH level is the ability of metals (both naturally occurring and manmade) to be dissolved in the water. On the lower range of the pH scale, chemically it is easier for metals to dissolve. The dissolved metals influence developing eggs, larvae, and body functions. Temperature - Fish have very specific temperature requirements. These temperature requirements will vary from fish species to fish species. Fish cannot control their internal body temperature as do humans; therefore, they rely on the surrounding water to do it for them. Fecal Coliform Bacteria - This comes from animal waste (birds, livestock grazing near water, etc.) and human waste (failing septic systems, over flow of sewer system, etc). The decomposition of animal or human waste in water reduces the dissolved oxygen levels. Most of the chemicals listed above are banned and are no longer used. It is believed that many of these chemical reside in the soils from previous use and are extracted during irrigation to be deposited into the river.
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Does the Lower Yakima River have a TMDL? The Lower Yakima River first established a TMDL in 1998. This TMDL was for sediment and DDT. The original TMDL helped to improve aquatic life, but it did not achieve the criteria for human health. Therefore, the Lower Yakima River remains a Category 5 water body. Ecology recently published the Yakima River Pesticides and PCBs Total Maximum Daily Load, Publication No. 10-03-018 (Ecology, 2010a). Historical Surface Water Quality Problems for the Yakima River According to the USGS (2010a, 2010b, and 2010c), “the Yakima River Basin is one of the most intensively irrigated areas in the United States.” Besides agriculture, other main land use activities in the basin include growing/harvesting timber, cattle grazing, and high-density developments near major cities. The majority of the water entering the Yakima River is from snowmelt. Of the water being delivered to the Lower Yakima Subbasin, at least 50 percent (Ecology, 2010) is diverted for irrigation for both residential and farm lands. More than 80 percent of the diverted flows are returned to the Lower Yakima River as return flows. These return flows are from lawn runoff (sediment and fertilizers), agricultural runoff (fertilizers, pesticides, and sediment), sewage treatment plant outflow, and runoff containing livestock waste. Further discussion on land use designations is provided in the Land Use Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010c). Physical Features of the Yakima River Channel In the project vicinity, the Yakima River is approximately 300 feet in width, measured from ordinary high water mark (OHWM) to OHWM and varies from 0 to 15 feet in depth below the OHWM. Due to the river receiving the majority of its inflow from snow melt, the depth will carry seasonally. There are no existing bridges in the project vicinity. The vegetation near the river banks consists of shrub-steppe and forested riparian vegetation. Other vegetation in Gradient? the project area is primarily landscaped vegetation. A detailed Gradient is the rate of descent and discussion of the plant species found in the project area is describes the steepness. It can be discussed in the biological assessment. mathematically determined by dividing the rise in elevation by the The south river bank is steep with an approximate gradient of horizontal distance, expressed as a 75 percent. The north bank is not as steep but the gradient is approximately 25 percent. percentage.
Duportail Street Bridge Project 45 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011
What is the flow in the Yakima River? In the project area, the flow varies from 26,100 cubic feet per second (cfs) for a 10-year return period to 97,000 cfs for a 500- year return period. These numbers are reported in the FEMA 1979 Flood Insurance Study. The flows for the 1.25- and 2-year flows were estimated at 4,900 cfs and 9,800 cfs, respectively. The estimation was done by the project’s hydrologist. Marine Waters There are no marine waters in the area. Hazardous Materials There are no hazardous materials within the project vicinity. Wetlands A wetland, according to the National Wetlands Inventory, is located on the northern bank of the project area. The project’s biologist was unable to field locate the wetland. High Groundwater No groundwater was encountered during geotechnical test pits conducted in June 2008. The test pit depths varied from just over 5 to 12 feet below the ground surface. Floodplains A portion of the project, mostly the bridge portion, falls within a FEMA-regulated floodplain. A FEMA Flood Insurance Study was conducted for the City in 1979. The Washington State Administrative Code (WAC), WAC-220-110-070(1)(h), states that any abutments, piers, pilings, etc. shall not constrict the flow so as to cause any appreciable increase (not to exceed 0.20 foot) in backwater elevations (calculated at the 100-year flood). Based on the results of the hydraulic study for the project, the bridge will cause a backwater rise of 0.08 foot, which is under the 0.20 foot requirement of WAC. FEMA does not allow a rise within the floodway. Coordination with FEMA is currently underway to reevaluate and remap the floodway boundaries. Further discussion of the floodplains can be found in the Floodplain Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010b).
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Are there any federally listed aquatic endangered species in the project area? Bull trout and Steelhead trout are thought to be present in the area. Further discussion on aquatic endangered species found in the project area is discussed in the Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, Vegetation Discipline Report (Widener & Associates, 2010a). Is there potable water in the area? An existing 36-inch watermain crosses under the Yakima River in the vicinity of the proposed bridge location. The water main provides 100 percent of the potable water for the south Richland communities. Originally constructed under the river, the existing pipe is now partially exposed due to 50+ years of erosion. There is a high possibility of failure of the pipe line due to additional erosion and ice flow events in the river in the winter. The existing watermain will be replaced with a pipe of the same size. The new watermain will be attached to the bridge via two 24-inch pipes. At both ends of the bridge, the two pipes will converge into a 36-inch pipe. At this time, it is expected that the old watermain will be valved out of service and remain in place. Has there been any groundwater contamination? There is no known groundwater contamination in the area. Existing Irrigation Canal Within the project footprint, an irrigation canal runs on the south side of the Yakima River. This canal is served by a pump station, 13 miles upstream that pumps water from the river into the canal. It is expected that the portion of this canal under the Duportail Street Bridge will be enclosed.
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Chapter 6 Environmental Consequences
How will erosion be prevented on the project site? A TESC plan will be prepared prior to construction. This plan will establish the when, where, and how specific erosion control techniques will be implemented. This plan will be constantly changing as site conditions and construction activities change. The TESC plan will be the responsibility of the Certified Erosion and Sediment Control Lead (CESCL). The CESCL will also monitor the turbidity in accordance with Section 401 of Ecology’s water quality standards. In-water Work In-water work will be required for the placement and removal of steel pipe piles that are for the construction/deconstruction of the temporary work bridge and the placement of six drilled shafts to support the permanent bridge. The temporary work bridge will be constructed on the downstream side of the proposed bridge. This bridge extends 420 feet across the river and will serve as a working platform as the proposed bridge is being built. The underside of temporary bridge will be lined with plastic/filter fabric to capture any spills. The permanent bridge will be supported on five piers. Three of these five piers are within the OHWM. Each of these three piers will be supported by three 8-foot-diameter drilled shafts. In order to prevent concrete from entering the river, a 12-foot outer casing will be placed around each drilled shaft. The casing will extend from above the waterline to a few feet below the bottom surface of the river. All water work will take place during the in-water work window (1 July to 30 September) agreed upon by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) (Bartrand, 2010). Both the steel pipe piles and steel casings will be extracted as slow as possible to minimize turbidity.
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Near-water Work In order to construct the bridge approaches, SEWs will need to be constructed. Also involved will be grading, compacting the roadway base material, paving, striping, and signing. Approach work will involve the use of bulldozers, excavators, dump trucks, front loaders, forklifts, concrete trucks, asphalt pavers/rollers, and cranes. All equipment shall be checked daily for leaks and any necessary repairs shall be made prior to commencement of work. How will work in erosion hazard zones be handled? The Geology and Soils Discipline Report (Shannon & Wilson, 2010) identifies procedures that will be implemented during construction to maintain or enhance slope stability on the sides of the river bank.
Clearing and Grubbing What is clearing and grubbing? In total, approximately 13.4 acres will be cleared and grubbed. Of The clearing and disposal of trees, this area, 0.73 acre is landscaped area, 11.8 acres is shrub-steppe vegetation, boulders, rubbish, and vegetation, and 0.88 acre is forested riparian vegetation. For possibly concrete, wood, or steel further details on types of vegetation within the project, see the structures on a project site at the Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, and Vegetation Discipline Report beginning of construction. prepared by Widener & Associates, September 2010. Best Management Practices (BMPs), such as silt fencing, erosion control blankets, mulching, matting seeding, and dust protection, will be implemented as the land is cleared. These BMPs will reduce the transport of sediment and help to stabilize the soils to prevent erosion. Staging Area The staging area is to be located just southeast of the water tower reservoir located on city property just west of City View Drive. The staging area will have a stabilized construction entrance. Stockpiled materials, both in the staging area and on site, will be covered. Refueling Operations Refueling operations will be conducted at least 50 feet from any open water body in accordance with Ecology’s Section 401 Water Quality Certification (Ecology, 2006). Refueling operations and overnight parking of vehicles and equipment containing fuel will not occur anywhere on USACE lands unless parked within a secondary containment berm.
Duportail Street Bridge Project 49 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011
How will spills be handled? A Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) plan will be submitted to FHWA prior to construction. This plan will outline potential causes of spills on the project, list contractor and owner, and describe countermeasures and actions in case of a spill. How will the project treat and detain the stormwater? There are eight drainage areas.
1. Area along Duportail between Queensgate Drive and City View Drive
2. Area north of City View Drive 3. Area for west Tanglewood Drive extension 4. Area for east Tanglewood Drive extension 5. Area between the cul-de-sac on north side of river and the Yakima River
6. Area between north end cul-de-sac and SR 240 7. Area between SR 240 and Cottonwood Drive 8. Area between Cottonwood Drive and Birch Avenue, north of SR 240 For each of the eight drainage areas, the primary method of treatment for both water quality and quantity will be infiltration. Below is a brief description of how each of the eight drainage areas will be treated. The drainage area that drains to the north from Queensgate Drive to outfall on the south side of the river will remain in its existing configuration. Three of the six grated inlets in the vicinity of City View Drive will be moved to the new gutter line located approximately a few feet behind the existing gutter line. The amount of impervious surfaces in this area is not changing. The drainage area north of City View Drive and south of the bridge will be collected on both sides of the roadway at the gutter line. The stormwater will enter grated inlets that are connected to a catch basin with a sump. From the catch basin, the stormwater is piped to a manhole that also contains a sump and an exit pipe with an elbow. See Exhibit 16: Infiltration Trench. The exit pipe from the manhole will connect to an infiltration trench where the stormwater will infiltrate into the existing subsurface soils.
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Exhibit 16: Infiltration Trench
The west Tanglewood Drive roadway will be sloped to the south so that the stormwater can be collected at the gutter line in grated inlets. From the inlets, the runoff will be piped to swales located on What is a sump? the south side of Tanglewood Drive. After runoff has entered the swales for basic water quality treatment, runoff will enter an A sump is a general term that refers to infiltration trench where the stormwater will infiltrate into the the area in a catch basin or manhole existing subsurface soils. below the bottom of the pipe. The sumps allow sediment to drop out of Stormwater for the east Tanglewood Drive roadway will be the incoming stormwater to be collected on the south side of the roadway in grated inlets with deposited on the catch catch basins. The stormwater goes to a manhole then an infiltration basin/manhole’s floor, thus improving trench as described above for the drainage area south of the bridge. the water quality of the stormwater.
Both areas south of SR 240 and north of the south end of the bridge What is the elbow for? will be collected on both sides of the roadway using grated inlets Any oil or trash in the stormwater will on top of catch basins. The stormwater will be conveyed in a closed naturally separate from and float on pipe system to an oil/water separator then to an infiltration pond. top of the water. The downturned The infiltration pond will be located on the southeast corner of the Duportail Street/Tanglewood Drive intersection. All off the elbow will allow clean water to enter stormwater will infiltrate through the bottom of the pond. See the infiltration facilities. Exhibit 5 for locations of pond. A dry well will be located on the southeast corner of SR 240 and Duportail Street. The dry well will infiltrate the stormwater from the area between Cottonwood Drive and SR 240. North of Cottonwood Drive, stormwater will continue to be captured and infiltrated in the dry wells at Cottonwood Drive.
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How do the three major pollutants affect stormwater? Total suspended solids (TSS), total copper (TCu), and total zinc (TZn) are the three major pollutants affecting stormwater. TSS increases the turbidity of the water, which can directly impair aquatic life. Copper occurs naturally and is found in the earth’s crust and surface waters. At low concentrations, copper is essential to all animals and plants. At high concentrations, copper becomes toxic to aquatic life. Zinc is important because it is associated with hard metals. How do we evaluate pollutant loading in stormwater? WSDOT’s publication, Quantitative Procedures for Surface Water Impact Assessments, outlines two methods for estimating pollutant loading. The first method is based on data collected in western Washington on highways. The second method uses data collected in the Pacific Northwest from a variety of land uses. Both methodologies multiply the acres of treated and untreated surfaces by the corresponding pollutant annual loads (AcresPROJECT) (lbs/year acre). For this discipline report, the second methodology will be used because the project is not in western Washington• and• is not on a highway. What are the impacts of the alternatives on pollutant loading to the Yakima River? Using the guidance set forth in WSDOT’s publication, Quantitative Procedures for Surface Water Impact Assessments (WSDOT, 2009), areas that are to be infiltrated are to be excluded “since they do not discharge to surface water bodies.” Using this guidance, all of the new pollution generating impervious areas of 5.75 acres of the Build Alternative will be treated by infiltration; therefore, none of the new pollution generating impervious areas increases pollutant loadings to the Yakima River. An additional 1.95 acres of replaced pollution generating impervious area is also treated by the infiltration facilities for the Build Alternative. This area is not currently treated. In total, 7.14 acres will be treated by infiltration facilities for the Build Alternative. Approximately 1.52 acres are treated by infiltration for the No-Build Alternative. Per the above- mentioned guidance, the reduction in pollutant loading between the Build and No-Build alternatives is determined by taking the difference between the treated areas of the two alternatives and multiplying the difference by the annual pollutant loading in pounds per year per acre. The annual pollutant loading of Total Suspended Solids for untreated non-highway roads is 447 pounds
Duportail Street Bridge Project 52 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011 per year. The annual pollutant loading of Total Copper for untreated non-highway roads is 0.05 pound per year. The annual pollutant loading of Zinc for untreated non-highway roads is 0.28 pound per year. The annual pollutant loading of Total Suspended Solids for multifamily residential is 396 pounds per year. The annual pollutant loading of Total Copper for multifamily residential is 0.45 pound per year. The annual pollutant loading of Zinc for untreated multifamily residential is 0.30 pound per year. The difference between the treated areas of the Build and No-Build alternatives is 5.62 acres (7.14 acres - 1.52 acres). The increase of 5.62 acres of treated areas for the Build Alternative decreases the pollutant loading of the Total Suspended Solids by 2,512 pounds per year, the Total Copper by 0.281 pound per year, and Zinc by 1.57 pounds per year. This represents a 32, 6.5, and 29.5 percent decrease in annual pollutant loading for TSS, TCu, and TZn, respectively, for the Build Alternative. See Exhibit 17: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading. The No-Build Alternative would not change the existing pollutant loading that reaches the river.
Exhibit 17: Build Alternative’s Annual Pollutant Loading Description No-Build Build Alternative Alternative
Untreated Non-highway Roads (Ac) 10.04 4.42
Treated Non-highway Roads (Ac) 1.52 7.14
Multifamily Residential (Ac) 8.44 8.44
Total Project Area (Ac) 20.00 20.00
Description No-Build Build Change % Alternative Alternative (lbs/yr) Change
Annual Load of Total Suspended Solids 7,830.12 5,317.98 -2,512.14 -32% (lbs/year)
Untreated Non-highway Roads 4,487.88 1,975.74 -2,512.14 -56% (447 lbs/year)
Treated Non-highway Roads (0 lb/year) 0 0 0 0%
Multifamily Residential (396 lbs/year) 3,342.24 3,342.24 0 0%
Annual Load of Total Copper (lbs/year) 4.30 4.02 -0.281 -6.5%
Untreated Non-highway Roads 0.502 0.221 -0.281 -56% (0.05 lb/year)
Treated Non-highway Roads (0 lb/year) 0 0 0 0%
Multifamily Residential (0.45 lb/year) 3.798 3.798 0 0%
Annual Load of Zinc (lbs/year) 5.34 3.77 -1.5736 -29.5%
Untreated Non-highway Roads 2.8112 1.2376 -1.5736 -56% (0.28 lb/year)
Treated Non-highway (0 lb/year) 0 0 0 0%
Multifamily Residential (0.30 lb/year) 2.532 2.532 0 0%
Duportail Street Bridge Project 53 Surface Water Discipline Report – Review Copy to WSDOT October 2011
How will the alternatives affect the hydrology of the Yakima River? The Build Alternative would not affect the hydrology of the Yakima River. Stormwater will be captured at the curb line to be routed to treatment facilities where the runoff will be treated for water quality and infiltrated. In the existing conditions, the stormwater predominately flows overland to the river. The runoff travels to the river picking up sediment and increasing in temperature as it goes. In the Build Alternative, the runoff temperature will also increase but will cool as it is infiltrated through the soil layers before becoming groundwater to reenter the river. The No-Build Alternative would not affect the hydrology of the Yakima River. Indirect Effects What are indirect effects? There are no indirect effects to the Yakima River because of the Build Alternative. Under the No-Build Alternative, there would be Indirect effects are affects that occur no indirect effects to the Yakima River. later in time but are a result of the project. Cumulative Effects What are cumulative effects? The term cumulative effect refers to Surrounding land use is the most significant factor influencing both the direct and indirect effects of pollutant loading. The area surrounding the project is already the past, current, and future uses of designated as high-density residential. The Build Alternative would the project. not affect land use in the project area. There would be no cumulative effect for the No-Build Alternative.
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Chapter 7 Mitigation
Minimizing Effects during Construction The Build Alternative would be designed and constructed in accordance with the 2004 Ecology’s Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington. The project will be in compliance with local, state, and federal regulations and obtain pertinent permits that protect water quality and quantity. During construction, the project will have an approved Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control (TESC) plan that will constantly be revised as construction conditions change. The project will have to adhere to the turbidity standards of Section 401 of the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) water quality standards. The Build Alternative shall adhere to all pertinent chapters of the Municipal Code for the City of Richland. As mentioned in Chapter 4, the City of Richland does not have a local basin plan. Yakima, Benton, and Kittitas counties, along with the Yakama Tribal Nation, collaborated and approved of the “Watershed Management Plan Yakima River Basin.” This Detailed Implementation Plan (DIP) covers the Upper Yakima (WRIA 39), Naches (WRIA 38), and Lower Yakima (WRIA 37). The DIP, currently under development, will define the framework for future water decisions in these WRIAs. Therefore, at this time, there is no watershed protection plan in place. A TMDL, a requirement of the CWA for waters that do not meet water quality standards, has been established for the Yakima River. A NPDES permit will be required for the project. A NPDES permit is a result of the CWA. Monitoring of the discharges from the project site will ensure compliance with the NPDES. Stormwater and erosion control BMPs that comply with the 2004 Ecology’s Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, City of Richland Municipal Code, and project permits (mentioned in Chapter 4) will be implemented.
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A SPCC plan will be submitted and approved prior to construction. With proper design, implementation, and maintenance of BMPs, there will be no need to minimize potential effects. At this time, no mitigation measures are expected.
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References
Project Reports BergerABAM. 2010. Transportation Discipline Report. August 11, 2010 draft. Shannon & Wilson. 2010. Geology and Soils Discipline Report. August 2010 draft. Widener & Associates. 2010a. Aquatic Resources, Wildlife, and Vegetation Discipline Report. September 1, 2010 draft. _____. 2010b. Floodplain Discipline Report. July 29, 2010 draft. _____. 2010c. Land Use Discipline Report. July 23, 2010 draft.
Agency Contacts and Personal Communications Bartrand, Eric. 2010. Extension of in-water work window. Region 3 Area Habitat Biologist. WDFW. Telephone Conversation, September 22, 2010.
Literature Cited Ecology (Washington State Department of Ecology). 2004. Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington. Washington State Department of Ecology, Water Quality Program. Publication Number 04-10-076. September, 2004. Accessed June 6. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0410076.pdf _____. 2006. Chapter 173-201A WAC Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. Water Quality Program Watershed Management Section, Department of Ecology. Amended November 20, 2006. Accessed May 9, 2007. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0610091.html. 2006 _____. GIS Technical Services. 2009. 2008 Water Quality 303(d)-5 List: Lower Yakima Water Resource Inventory Area (WRIA) 37. Accessed March 2009.
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_____. 2010a. Yakima River Pesticides and PCBs Total Maximum Daily Load. Publication No. 10-03-018. April 2010. _____. 2010b. Lower Yakima River Suspended Sediment and DDT TMDL. Accessed July 1, 2010. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/tmdl/yakima_wq/Low erYakTMDL.html NOAA Fisheries (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Department). 2005. Endangered and Threatened Species (ETWP); Designation of Critical Habitat for 12 Evolutionary Significant Units of West Coast Salmon and Steelhead in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. September 2, 2005. Federal Register 70 (170): 52630-52858. 2005 NOAA Fisheries. Endangered Species Act Status of West Coast Salmon and Steelhead. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Regional Office. Last revised July 1, 2009. Accessed October 16, 2009. http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/Species- Lists.cfm. 2009 RMC (Richland Municipal Code). 2010a. Chapter 22.10 Sensitive Areas. September 7, 2010. Accessed October 8, 2010. http://wa-richland.civicplus.com/DocumentView.aspx?DID=1 100 _____. 2010b. Title 26: Shoreline Management. September 7, 2010. Accessed October 8, 2010. http://wa-richland.civicplus.com/DocumentView.aspx?DID=1 104 USBR (U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation). 2008. Yakima River Basin Reservoir and River Recreation Survey Report of Findings, Technical Series No. TS-YSS-15. January 2008. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 2008. Benton County. April 15, 2008. Accessed March 29. http://www.fws.gov/easternwashington/documents/Benton %20Cty%204-15-08.pdf _____. 2010. ETWP; Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for Bull Trout in the Conterminous United States. January 14. Federal Register 75 (9): 2270-2431. 2010.
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USGS (U.S. Geological Survey). 2010a. Water Quality in the Yakima River Basin. Accessed July 2, 2010. http://or.water.usgs.gov/yakima/basin.html _____. Water Quality in the Yakima River Basin. Accessed July 2, 2010. http://or.water.usgs.gov/yakima/surface_water.html _____. 2010c. A Primer on Water Quality. Accessed July Site visited July 6, 2010. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-027-01 WSDNR (Washington State Department of Natural Resource). 2008. Sections that contain Natural Heritage Features. Information Request Self-Service System. Last revised October 15. Accessed May 11, 2009. http://www.dnr.wa.gov/Publications/amp_nh_trs.pdf. 2008 WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2009. Quantitative Procedures for Surface Water Impact Assessments. April 2009.
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