Transportation Choices 3
MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE | MOVEMENT OF FREIGHT AND GOODS Introduction Facilities Snapshot This chapter organizes the transportation system into two categories: movement of people, and movement of freight and goods. Movement of people encompasses active transportation, transit, rail, air, and automobiles. Movement of freight and goods encompasses rail, marine cargo, air, vehicles, and pipelines. 3 Three Airports: one commercial, two Community Consistent with federal legislation (23 CFR 450.306) and Washington State Legislation (RCW 47.80.030), the regional transportation system includes: 23 Twenty-three Fixed Transit Routes ▶All state-owned transportation facilities and services (highways, park-and-ride lots, etc); 54 Fifty-Four Miles of Multi-Use Trails ▶All local principal arterials and selected minor arterials the RTPO considers necessary to the plan; 2.1 Multi- ▶Any other transportation facilities and services, existing and Two Vehicles per Household* proposed, including airports, transit facilities and services, roadways, Modal rail facilities, marine transportation facilities, pedestrian/bicycle Transport facilities, etc., that the RTPO considers necessary to complete the 5 regional plan; and Five Rail Lines System ▶Any transportation facility or service that fulfills a regional need or impacts places in the plan, as determined by the RTPO. 4 Four Ports
*Source: US Census Bureau, 2014 ACS 5-year estimates.
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 39 Figure 3-1: JourneyMode to ChoiceWork -ModeJourney Choice to Work in the RTPO, 2014
Movement of People Walk/ Bike, Public Transit, 2.2% Other, 4.3% People commute for a variety of reasons, and likewise, a variety of 1.2% ways. This section includes active transportation, transit, passenger Carpooled, 12.6% rail, passenger air, and passenger vehicles.
While commuting to work is just one facet of the transportation of people, it does provide an overview of how people travel.
Journey to Work Journey to Work is data from the US Census, which provides commuting characteristics for workers 16 years and over in the RTPO. Approximately Drove AloneHousehold, Vehicle Access Household Vehicle Access79.9% 3,203 80% of commuters drove alone according to the 2014 5-year estimates, Household Vehicle5% Access Source: US Census Bureau, 2014 ACS3,203 5-year estimates. 3,203 and over 12% carpooled (Figure 3-1). Household Vehicle Access 5% 19,436 5% 3,203 29% 19,436 1,441 HouseholdFigure 3-2: Vehicle Household Access Vehicle5% Access19,436 18,290 29% 6% Over 15% of workers have a 10 minute or less commute (Appendix Source: Source:3,203 US Census Bureau,1,441 2014 ACS 5-year29% estimates.7,704 1,441 27% 19,436 18,290 18,290 6% 5,834 B). Approximately 23% of workers commute for more than 30 minutes. 29%5% 32%27% 6% 7,704 1,441 7,704 24% 27% 5,834 18,290 5,834 19,436 32% 6% 32% 7,704 24% 27% 24% Household Vehicle Access 29% 1,441 5,834 32% 18,290 6% 24% In the two counties, the number of vehicles per household is around 7,704 27% 5,834 9,228 2.1, according to 2014 ACS 5-year estimates. However, approximately 32% 24% 38% 5% (5% in Benton, 6% in Franklin) of households have no vehicles 9,228 9,228 Benton Franklin 38% 25,696 County 38% available (Figure 3-2). This equates to approximately 4,600 households. County 9,228 39% 38% 25,696 25,696 39% 39% 9,228 No Vehicles25,696 Available 1 Vehicle Available 38% 39% No Vehicles Available 1No2 VehiclesVehicle Vehicles AvailableAvailable Available 13 orVehicle More AvailableVehicles Available 25,696 2 Vehicles Available 3 or More Vehicles Available No Vehicles Available39% 21 Vehicles Vehicle AvailableAvailable 3 or More Vehicles Available
2 Vehicles Available 3 or More Vehicles Available No Vehicles Available 1 Vehicle Available Transition2040 2 Vehicles Available 3 or More Vehicles Available 40 Historic Rates of Travel, Journey to Work Data Figure Journey3-4: Journey to Work to Work - Non - Historic-SOV Mode Non-SOV Choice Mode Choice 30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
Figure 3-3: Journey toJourney Work -to Historic Work by Mode Mode Choice in the RTPO 0% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 100%
90% Carpooled Public Transit Walked Biked Other
80% } Source: US Census Bureau, 1-year Estimates, 2006-2015 70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Drove alone Carpooled Public Transit Walked Biked Other
Source: US Census Bureau, 1-year Estimates, 2006-2015
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 41 Active Transportation The Badger Mountain Trail System is part of the The Badger Active transportation is an umbrella term that refers to any human Mountain Centennial Preserve. The Preserve is a 650-acre park powered transportation mode, for example walking, biking, located in southern Richland, which is owned and managed by skateboarding, using a wheelchair, etc, and public transportation. The Benton County for conservation and non-motorized recreation. term is sometimes used to describe walking and biking, but it is Badger Mountain is open to hiking, mountain biking, and equestrian important to consider the other components of active transportation. uses facilitated by over eight miles of soft-surface trails anchored at two separate trailheads. The region has over 54 miles of shared use pathways. Figure 3-7 shows the multi-use paths, and a list with the pathway facilities by jurisdiction Other trails, pathways, and bicycle friendly streets, as well as cycling can be found in Appendix B. tips, can be found in the 2014 Cycling Tri-Cities map produced by the BFCG. Cycling Tri-Cities bike map is available to be downloaded onto The Sacagawea Heritage Trailis a 23 mile, asphalt bicycle and mobile devices through a commercial website known as Maplet for a pedestrian trail which parallels the Columbia River shore for small fee. It is also available as a free PDF. Access to both of these can approximately 10 miles, extending from the 1-182 bridge to Sacajawea be found at the BFCG website, or by clicking on the picture below. State Park lying at the confluence of the Columbia and Snake Rivers.
T A TURNING LEFT SAFELY: CAUTIONARY TALES Y
L
O • Like an auto. Signal and move into left lane and turn
R
Bikes on Buses left; or Most of the Sacagawea Heritage Trail is striped to divide travel F BRIDGES
L
A • Like a pedestrian. Ride straight to the far side
If you would like to ride a bus while traveling T Travel issues across two local bridges merit attention. «¬240 S crosswalk, then walk your bike across.
H R with your bicycle, you can do so with payment of ORN RAPIDS RD The Blue Bridge: As indicated on the map, there is a multi-use path a regular fare. Ben Franklin Transit has installed D on the east side of the bridge. It is recommended bikes be walked Rattlesnake RD NORTH GLADE AVOIDING COLLISIONS bike racks on all buses, providing a convenient across the Blue Bridge. lanes. There are periodic entry/exit access points connecting the Mountain COLUMBIA RIVER RD • Motorists’ failure to yield the way to bike-and-ride. You may load and unload HARRINGTON RD right-of-way causes 1/3 of all bike/ The Cable Bridge: The bridge has multi-use pathways on both D
your bicycle at any bus stop between 6 a.m. SELPH LANDING R car collisions. Don’t be taken sides where bikes may be ridden. STEVENS DR STEVENS and 6 p.m. weekdays and 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. on N RAILROAD AVE unprepared if a vehicle pulls out pathway to local access roads in residential, commercialSaturdays. There is no Sunday or majorand holiday in front of you from a stop sign or a left turn. The ROUNDABOUTS service. Schedules are such that transfers can SAINT ST best way to avoid accidents of this type is to ride in a R Two local roundabouts should be approached with caution. These be accomplished at transit centers or transfer I V Richland straight line and stay where the motorist expects to E N ROAD 68 CLARK RD locations are: the intersection of Keene Road/ Bombing Range points with minimal or no delay. «¬225 R RUPERT RD FALLON DR DENT RD see traffic. Make yourself visible by wearing brightly «¬224 Road south of West Richland; and the intersection of Steptoe
R ¤£395 D colored clothing. Make eye contact with drivers
VAN GIESEN ST Street/Columbia Park Trail/SR 240 Bypass Off-Ramp between
industrial areas of the City. The pathway leadsWashington users to several TER WELLS RD whenever possible to clarify your For further information call BFT at E FOS Richland and Kennewick. Both locations are marked with an
BURNS RD
West PARADISE WAY JONES RD OREGON AVE intent and also to verify their intent orange target icon on the map. land, and West Rich West and 735-5100 or visit their website at SANDIFUR PKWY
To Prosser HWY GEORGE WASHINGTONWAY W COURT ST to yield.
RE RichlandRichland www.bft.org. PI KEENE RD Yakima River Kennewick, Pasco, Richland Richland Pasco, Kennewick, M D E BURDEN BLVD • Cyclists’ failure to yield accounts
4
N DR THAYER ¨¦§182 A 4 C
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N D DESTINATIONS OF INTEREST municipal parks including Chiawana,for Wade,Map Guide Riverview,Bicycle A and also D N M
L RD DEMOSS E DY A O RD Pasco M bike collision. Don’t ride out of O A E Four destinations of interest were identified by local cyclists: The §82 ARGENT RD R RD ¨¦ R G EN T R driveways without stopping, run red lights and stop
ROAD100 PASCO-KAHLOTUS RD WELLSIAN WAY WELLSIAN
E 7TH ST
W 14TH ST C I USS Triton Submarine Memorial Park in north Richland; Sacajawea AL signs, or turn left in front of cars without checking for
Columbia Park Trl A State Park and the Maya Lin sculpture in southeast Pasco; The §182 N STEPTOE ST VE traffic. ¨¦ ROAD68 ROAD 88 W COURT ST Hanford Reach Interpretive Center along south bank of the TRI-CITIES Benton Sacajawea State Park at the eastern terminus. Benton • Do not pass cars on the right,
Columbia River; and the Carousel of Dreams in south Kennewick. N 4TH AVE 4THN
City W W SYLVESTER ST N20THAVE City E especially at an intersection. They are identified by a red star icon on the map. BB
ER W LEWIS ST A ST C BA GAGE BLVD W CANAL DR • Another problem is created by AN D DALLAS RD «¬240 Blue Bridge CYCLING Y G O ¤£12 D E Badger bicyclists who ride at night without N R E DOCK ST R R Snake River D R Cable Bridge N lights. Make sure to use headlights D O Mountain LESLIE RD TRI-CITY AREA BICYCLE Y W CLEARWATER AVE N Columbia River and consider tail lights and other A E 1ST AVE C W 4TH AVE R reflective material to increase your visibility. ORGANIZATIONS E W 7TH AVE
B REATA RD NCOLUMBIA CENTER BLVD W 10TH AVE B E 10TH AVE • To avoid being hit from behind, become proficient at E ¨¦§82 W W 19TH AVE looking over your shoulder without swerving. Obtain a TRI-CITY BICYCLE CLUB The Tapteal Greenway is a 30-mile corridor along and including Clodfelter Rd rear view mirror and use it regularly to check traffic. P.O. Box 465 S UNION ST S W 27TH AVE Burbank
COUNTY WELL RD Burbank • On freeways where bicycles are permitted, use only Richland, WA 99352 S OLYMPIA ST OLYMPIA S BADGER RD ¤£395 «¬397 the shoulders and not the freeway travel lanes. Travel tricitybicycleclub.org
Kennewick OAK S ST D W 45TH AVE BOWLES RD in the same direction as traffic. Take special care FAVORITE R ST ELY S R E when crossing on and off ramps since cyclists are not 3 RIVERS BICYCLE COALITION
the Yakima River extending from Kiona Bend at Benton City to the T RD FINLEY E L F expected there. Be sure to use hand signals. c/o J. Petersen D GAME FARM RD LOCAL RIDES O 8524 W Gage Blvd, Suite 101 L C RIDING LEGALLY Suggested by Tri-City Bicycle Club SR 397 Finley Kennewick, WA 99336-8241 Horse LOCUST GROVE RD INTERTIE As a bicyclist, you are entitled to all 3rbconline.org mouth of the Yakima River at BatemanCAUTION: Please be advised Islandthat several of these in Richland. The Heaven routes utilize heavily traveled streets and intersections. BADGERCANYON RD the rights of the road, but you must Hills Columbia Lake accept the responsibilities, too. CHINOOK CYCLING CLUB There are difficult railroad crossings and dangerous SELLARDS RD SELLARDS RD • NEVER RIDE AGAINST TRAFFIC. www.chinookcyclingclub.com
bridges to cross, as well as steep grades and miles M [email protected]
E • Obey all traffic lights, signs and
of desert riding. Proceed with caution. Thoroughly A L other traffic control devices. Greenway trail system includes both water and pedestrian trails. S familiarize yourself with the routes before attempting R D • Pull over if you are holding up five or more vehicles. D R to ride them. Consider your bicycling experience and BOFFER BOFFER CANYON RD N • Do not use sidewalks except where TRI-CITY AREA BICYCLE your physical condition. Ride prepared. O PLYMOUTH RD Y designated as a bicycle path. N SHOPS A • Maintain a safe speed on paths This corridor includes a variety of habitats ranging from arid shrub- ¨¦§82 C E Sacagawea Heritage Trail Loop 19 or 24 Mile Loop IN shared with pedestrians. N F T C’S BIKE SHOP I • Pedestrians have the right-of-way; N
Begin at Columbia Point Marina Park at Columbia Point. L
E always yield to them. 1442 Jadwin Avenue, Richland, 509.943.4700 Travel under the I-182 Bridge and turn right onto the TYRELL RD Y KIRK RD • Tell other cyclists and pedestrians
R steppe to lush emergent marshlands.freeway trail. Travel the I-182 Bridge over the Columbia To Umatilla D when passing and pass on the left. River and traverse down to Court Street. Follow the • Use hand signals for left turn, right turn, slow or stop. MARKEE’S CYCLING CENTER 1374 Jadwin Avenue, Richland, 509.946.2527 Court Street bike lane easterly (left) then turn right onto City turn-off at SR 225. Turn left and ride past Horn (Washington allows use of the right hand to signal a the pedestrian/bicycle path through Chiawana Park and Rapids Park and through Benton City. After crossing right turn for bicycles.) PLYMOUTH NINE CANYON RD GREENIE’S along the river shore to Pasco. Follow the path east until the Yakima River turn left onto SR 224. At the next • Do not ride with head phones or you pass under the Cable Bridge. Turn left immediately ear buds. These devices decrease a 701 George Washington Way, Richland, 509.946.3787 intersection continue straight ahead on Kennedy Road, FINLEY RD after the Cable Bridge and follow a path in the narrow riders’ situational awareness, thus ride for 7.5 miles and turn left at Duportail Road. At COFFIN RD RD BOFFER BOFFER CANYON RD increasing the risk of accidents to SPORTS AUTHORITY green space a short distance north along 10th Avenue/ Wal-Mart, turn right on Queensgate Road, then cross TransitionSR 397 to access the Cable Bridge.2040 themselves and others. 908 North Colorado Street, Kennewick, 509.783.7801 over I-182 then left on Columbia Park Trail, left again 42 At the base of the Cable Bridge in Kennewick, follow the • Restrictions: Riding bicycles is not at Windmill Lane and proceed to the I-182 bicycle 18 miles 18 miles Tapteal Greenway Trail runs the length of Horn Rapids reflective tapes to your helmet and allowed on the SR 240 Yakima levee trail west along the Columbia River, passing under path at the cul-de-sac. Follow the path easterly across Grosscup Road Loop Chiawana Park to Sacajawea State Park Loop MARKEE’S CYCLING CENTER County Park northwest of Richland. While that segment clothing. Pant clips will keep pant River bridge roadway or the SR 395 Columbia River 4723 West Clearwater Ave., Kennewick, 509.783.2870 the SR 395 Blue Bridge, into Columbia Park. Traverse the the Yakima River, and over I-182. Cross Aaron Drive at This ride originates in Richland at the SR 240/SR This ride begins in the east end of Chiawana Park (Road is not shown on this map, it is accessible by taking SR legs away from the bicycle chain. bridge roadway. Bikes must use the side paths on length of the park via the Sacagawea Heritage Trail. At Jadwin Avenue and continue north to Falley. Turn right 224 (Van Giesen Street) park and ride lot. Follow Van 88) at the boat ramp parking lot in west Pasco. Follow 240 north to the intersection with SR 225, then taking • A rain cape or suit will keep you these structures. the primitive boat launch facility west of the entrance to on Falley and follow it to cross George Washington Way Giesen Street west across the Yakima River and through the Heritage Trail east until you pass under the Cable dry. A helmet cover is preferable to REI SR 225 for ½-mile to the entrance of the park. Over 129 North Ely Street, Kennewick, 509.734.8989 Bateman Island, trail users must use the Columbia Park where Falley becomes Bradley Boulevard. Proceed a downtown West Richland. Turn right at Grosscup Road. Bridge and approach railroad tracks. Near the tracks, ninety-five percent of the trail is packed dirt or wood a hood, which can obstruct vision HAZARDS Trail street shoulders. Then follow Columbia Park Trail short distance on Bradley Boulevard then turn left on Take Grosscup along the canal and across the Yakima turn left on 5th Avenue for a short distance and turn left chips, with occasional areas of pavement and soft sand. when you turn your head. • Water decreases braking efficiency, west to Ben Franklin Transit. From Ben Franklin Transit Amon Park Drive to Howard Amon Park. River Twin Bridges to SR 240. Turn right and follow again. This will bring you to Ainsworth Street/SR 397 and Other non-cycling users include hikers and equestrians. • Dress in layers so you can subtract or add garments to and wet pavement can be slick SCOTT’S CYCLE & SPORTS traverse the trail on the east side of SR-240 across the SR 240 to the stoplight. Turn right and follow SR 240 the Charles Kilbury Overpass. Travel east on Ainsworth suit the temperature. on turns. Railroad tracks and steel 704 South Ely Street, Kennewick, 509.374.8424 Yakima River Delta then follow the trail along I-182 back The best trail accesses are from... Bateman Island: The 43 miles southerly to Van Giesen Street. Turn right on Van Giesen Street/SR 397 to just past Grey Avenue to the Trail. grates are also especially slick to Columbia Point Marina Park. (19-mile loop). Clodfelter Road Loop TGT connects with the Sacagawea Heritage Trail, and when wet. then right on Terminal Drive to the park and ride lot. Continue easterly along the path traversing through the can be accessed from the parking lot at Wye Park along Leave Columbia Center from the west via Gage Riding Safely • Even a friendly dog can be a hazard if he gets in front For further information contact: Port of Pasco to Sacajawea Park Road. Turn right onto Columbia Park Trail... Chamna Natural Preserve: A A longer, alternate route continues from Ben Franklin Boulevard to Leslie Road. Turn left and follow Leslie 2 Sacajawea Park Road and proceed into Sacajawea Park. of your wheel or jumps up on you. Command the 18 miles parking area is at the Preserve entrance off of Jadwin PREPARATION Transit westerly on the shoulder of Columbia Park miles to Clearwater Avenue near I-82. Cross Clearwater Columbia Park to Sacajawea State Park After enjoying the Park, return by the same route. dog to “Go home!” in a loud, firm voice. If it doesn’t BENTON-FRANKLIN COUNCIL OF Avenue... Duportail: Turning south onto Duportail This map is designed as an aid to safe bicycling in the respond, dismount and walk away slowly with the Trail, then right onto Windmill Lane, continues to the and traverse up Leslie to Clodfelter Road. Turn right Start at the Family Fishing Pond in the east end of Street from SR 240 leads to a parking area and access GOVERNMENTS cul-de-sac and onto the I-182 bicycle path. Follow the on Clodfelter Road into the Horse Heaven Hills about Tri-Cities. Experiment with different options, making bicycle between you and the dog. To discourage a truly 1622 Terminal Drive Columbia Park. There is a bike path along the SR-240 / Bofer Canyon Climb 21 miles to the trail... WE Johnson Park: Turning south from aggressive dog you may have to resort to throwing path going east across the Yakima River. Continue in eight miles and turn right on Plymouth Road. Turn left Blue Bridge interchange. Follow that path east under the route longer or shorter to fit your ability. Before Richland, WA 99354 SR 224 (Van Giesen Street) onto Hall Road leads to the starting a longer ride give your bicycle a thorough dirt or using a commercial spray deterrent (this should (509) 943-9185 • www.bfcog.us an easterly direction to Jadwin Avenue then left I-182, onto Sellards Road and proceed west 4.5 miles to Travis the SR 395 Blue Bridge, and proceed to the Cable Drive south on Union St. in Kennewick past Southridge parking area of the park. Road. Right on Travis 3.7 miles then angle right again High School to the Christenson Road exit on SR 395. inspection, using the ABC-Quick Check method: be done only as the last resort). then right on Aaron Drive. Cross George Washington Bridge along the levee trail, pass under the Bridge, • Tackweeds or “goatheads” TRI-CITIES VISITOR & CONVENTION on Weber Canyon Road. Proceed down Weber Canyon Note: The Christenson Road crossing of SR 395 is not • A – check the tires for proper Air pressure. Way at Columbia Point Drive, then follow Columbia then cross the Columbia River into Pasco on the Cable are small thorns that are BUREAU Point Drive to Marina Park. (24-mile loop). about 5 miles, then right onto Badger Road. Follow controlled by traffic lights and is not advisable for • B – check the Brakes to ensure that they are able to Bridge. Turn right onto Ainsworth Avenue/SR 397, use found on a variety of local 6951 West Grandridge Boulevard Badger nearly 13 miles, crossing under I-82, then left bicyclists. Park at the foot of Bofer Canyon Road just EQUIPPING YOUR BICYCLE lock up the wheels from a rolling stop. the Charles Kilbury Overpass to cross the railroad tracks • A front head lamp which can be seen for 500 feet is • C – make sure the Chain is clean and properly vegetation. These pests can Kennewick, WA 99336 12 miles onto Leslie Road. Follow Leslie north 2 miles, then right and follow the SR 397 shoulder, turn right at the bike east of the freeway exit. Climb Bofer Canyon Road 2.25 be a problem on city streets (800) 254-5824 • www.Visittri-cities.com Richland Bike Tour on Gage Boulevard for the return to Columbia Center. miles to CR (County Road) 397. For the climb, continue required for night cycling, as is a lubricated. path trailhead just past Grey Avenue. Follow the bike as well as on off-street on Bofer Canyon Road to Coffin Road, about 10.6 rear reflector visible from 100 to • Quick – make sure the Quick Release levers (or wheel Begin this ride in Howard Amon Park at the east end path along the Columbia River eastward to Sacajawea paths. A rider could install BEN FRANKLIN TRANSIT of Lee Boulevard. Travel north through the park and miles. The peak of the climb occurs at about 6.6 miles. 600 feet in the low beam headlights hub nuts) are tight. Chiawana Park Loop 9 miles State Park Road. Turn right and follow this road into • Check – Check the rest of the bike for loose parts, metal “tire savers” under 1000 Columbia Park Trail onto the bike path paralleling the river. Continue north Return to Christenson Road. of an automobile. A front reflector Sacajawea State Park. After touring the park, return by is required at all times. Rear tail proper gear shifting, other needed adjustments and the caliper brake supports, Richland, WA 99352 through Leslie Groves Park to Ferry Road. Continue This loop begins in Chiawana Park in West Pasco. Follow (509) 735-5100 • www.bft.org the same route. lights are readily available and an fix problems before you hit the road. use thorn-resistant tubes or west on Ferry Road to Harris Avenue. Turn right on the bike path easterly along the Columbia River levee For an alternate ride, at CR 397, turn east (left), which Kevlar strips between the to the trailhead near Road 39 and Riverhaven Street. advisable option. Harris Avenue and head north to Sprout Road. Turn travels 9.0 miles to Finley Road. Return to Bofer • Carry a basic tool kit consisting of tire levers, patch RIDING DEFENSIVELY. tube and tire or use Slime (a right on Sprout Street and rejoin the path near the Proceed westerly along Riverhaven to Road 44. Follow Columbia Center Mall to Benton City 27 miles puncture sealant) in your Canyon Road along the same road. kit, wrenches, screw drivers, Allen keys, needle nose • Assume motorists don’t see you! This map was prepared by the Benton-Franklin Council of Governments, river. Travel north on the path to the Hanford 300 Area Road 44 north to Livingston. Turn left on Livingston and wheels. Leave Columbia Center from the west via Gage pliers, pocket knife and spoke wrench, as well as a Keep your eyes on other drivers. P.O. Box 217, Richland, Washington 99352. The map is available on our (approximately 2 miles) and return to Howard Amon go west to Road 48. Turn right on Road 48 and proceed • Motorists are more likely to respect • The Tri-Cities’ desert website: http://www.bfcog.us/transportation. Boulevard to Keene Road. Turn right (north) on Keene Tapteal Greenway Trail spare inner tube, rear brake cable and light bulbs. Park by reversing the previous course. to Argent Road. At Argent Road, turn left and follow • A chain and lock should always be carried. your right to share the roadway if condition can easily Road; continue west on Keene Road into West Richland The map is also available to Argent to Road 88. Turn left on Road 88 and proceed The Tapteal Greenway Trail is shown on the front of the • A handlebar or helmet mirror is a valuable tool for you drive legally and predictably. cause the cyclist to south to the main entrance to Chiawana Park. and turn left onto Kennedy Road. Follow Kennedy Avoid weaving in and out of traffic. dehydrate. Carry two download to your mobile Yakima River Loop 45 miles Road all the way to SR 225 (7.5 miles) and turn right, map in orange. The map indicates the trail starting east riders. device. Please click this QR code, of the Chamna Natural Preserve. • Pay special attention to your brakes. • Be alert. Watch for debris on the water bottles and drink which takes you to the BFCG crossing the Yakima River (narrow bridge/no shoulder) frequently. Transportation Programs Office As in the Richland Bike Tour, ride north from Howard Columbia Park Loop 8 miles roadway. Amon Park on the pathway paralleling the river. At into Benton City. From Benton City return south on SR The Tapteal Greenway Trail is a soft-surface, point-to- EQUIPPING YOURSELF • Cross railroad tracks at right angles or walk your • Use an adequate website for an explanation. On the Transportation website, the end of the pathway (Hanford 300 Area), turn left Begin at the Family Fishing Pond in the east end of 225, crossing under I-82. Continue south on Weber point linear trail that parallels the Yakima River. The • Carry extra water and foul weather clothing. bicycle. sunscreen to block excess exposure to ultraviolet rays Trail extends from Bateman Island at the confluence scroll down to discussion of the one block on Kinney Street, then right on Port of Columbia Park. Follow the bike path signs through the Canyon Road, then left onto Badger Road. Follow • Wear sunglasses to protect eyes from bugs and ultra- • Avoid grates and manhole covers. from the hot desert sun. The most intense rays occur bike map. Benton Boulevard to Horn Rapids Road and turn left. parking lot and around the flagpole circle heading west. Badger Road to south Kennewick, crossing under of the Yakima and Columbia Rivers in Richland, across violet rays. • Never ride closer than three feet to a parked car. If between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m., May through October. Travel west on Horn Rapids then south on Kingsgate Follow the path along the Columbia River to Columbia I-82, then left on to Leslie Road. Proceed north on the SR 240 causeway, through the Chamna Natural • Wear a Snell, ANSI, or CPSC approved helmet. you notice someone sitting in a car, move left or be • Winds with gusts up to 35 miles an hour or more are a Photo Credits: Pedestrians on Leslie then right onto Gage Boulevard for the return to Preserve, and through Johnson Park. • Wear bright colored clothing. Yellow or lime green prepared to stop. The car door may open. common occurrence in the Tri-Cities. Be sure to travel a trail with river and hill in background - Way until it joins SR 240. Turn right onto SR 240 Park West Marina. Return to the fishing pond via the G. White/City of Pasco and continue past Horn Rapids Dam to the Benton path or the bike lanes on Columbia Park Trail. Columbia Center. A second, disconnected five-mile segment of the is most visible. Increase your visibility by adding safe distance from traffic in case a wind gust blows you. Figure 3-5:2014 Journey Non to-Motorized Work, Percent Journey of Non-Motorized to Work Trips Trips, 2014 Journey to work data also reveals the percent of non-motorized (walking 4% and biking) travel in the RTPO, compared to Washington and the 3.49% United States (Figure 3-5). Historic active transportation rates use ACS 3% 2.80% 1-year estimates beginning in 2006 (Figure 3-6). 2.00% 2% Regional Active Transportation Plan 0.91% In the MPO and RTPO active transportation is addressed in the “2016 1% 0.59% 0.29% Regional Active Transportation Plan for Benton and Franklin Counties 0% and Tri-Cities Urban Area” by the BFCG, adopted in June 2016. The United States Washington RTPO Plan covers multiple aspects of bicycle and pedestrian travel in the Tri-Cities as well as the two counties. Walked Bicycled Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010-2014 American Community Survey Five-Year Estimates Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010-2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates A keystone of plan development was a bike system workshop which identified and FigureJourney 3-6: Journey to toWork Work - ActiveActive Transportation Transportation in the RTPO prioritized critical metropolitan-area bicycle issues. The workshop, held in April 2015, was 3.0% attended by over 80 cyclists. 2.5% 2.0% The format allowed attendees to write directly on large maps, identifying issues and areas 1.5% of concern (Appendix B). From these maps, 1.0% the BFCG was able to transfer these issues into a list, identifying issues by jurisdiction 0.5% (Appendix B). 0.0% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Top issues include: bike lane and signage, and missing connections and links. Public Transit Walked Biked Source: US Census Bureau, ACS 1-year Estimates
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 43 Figure 3-7: Multi-Use Trails in the RTPO
ulti- se Trail etropolitan Plannin Area WA rbani ed Areas
0 5 10 20 Miles tate outes
44 Transition2040 Transit Trans+Plus Night and Sunday Service There are several local and regional transit options, designed for Trans+Plus Night Service is available in the evening Monday-Sunday commuters and long range travel alike. from 6:30pm until 2am, and the Sunday Service is available from 7:30am until 6:00pm. Ben Franklin Transit (BFT) provides public transportation through 23 routes, Dial-A-Ride service, Taxi services, and more in Benton and Demand Response Service Franklin County. Transit service is defined by the Public Transportation Demand response service provides point-to-point trips as requested, Benefit Area (PTBA). A PTBA is a defined area of tax collection for in Prosser and Benton City. Reservations are made the day prior to the purposes of developing and funding a public transit agency (RCW travel. There are designated pick up points within the cities. 36.57A). The Ben Franklin PTBA is shown in Figure 3-9 and Figure 3-10. Vanpool A Vanpool is a group of 5 to 15 commuters using BFT’s 7-, 12-, or Weekday and Saturday Fixed Route Bus Service 15-passenger vans. Riders share the cost of fuel, maintenance, and BFT has 23 routes serving Benton City, Kennewick, Pasco, Prosser, insurance through a monthly fare. Further analysis of the Vanpool Richland, and West Richland. There are seven Inter-City routes providing service to multiple cities and 16 routes called locals that are assigned to a specific city.
Taxi Feeder Service BFT serves designated areas of the PTBA with Taxi Feeder Service. Customers contact Tri-City Taxi to schedule trips, and taxis pick them up at designated locations and drop them off at the closest bus stop.
Dial-A-Ride (DAR) Paratransit Service DAR is specialized, door-to-door transportation for people with disabilities. Operating hours for Paratransit services are the same as fixed route. The BFT buses can take up to two bikes on the front.
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 45 program is located in Chapter 4.
Other Services Greyhound Greyhound in Pasco connects to destinations throughout the United States.
Grapeline The Grape Line offers three daily round trips between Walla Walla and Pasco. The buses are ADA equipped, and have a two capacity bike rack.
BFT Fleet, left to right: Vanpool, Dial-A-Ride, and bus. People for People People for People is a non-profit providing transportation services, including the Adams-Franklin-Benton county Connector, and the Ben Franklin Transit Figure 3-8: BFT Transit Annual System Ridership, 2005-2014 Community Connector. The Adams-Franklin-Benton County Annual System Ridership 2005-2015 Connector is a free bus service is provided between Othello and 6,000,000 Kennewick on the 2nd and 4th Monday of each month. The Community Connector is a free bus service that travels along the I-82 corridor, 5,000,000 from Yakima to Prosser, three times a day (Monday-Friday). The 4,000,000 Community Connector is funded through WSDOT. 3,000,000
Park and Ride Lots 2,000,000 There are 16 formally identified park and ride lots in the region. Park and ride facilities are parking lots designed to let users park and then 1,000,000 continue on their commute by using transit, carpools, or active 0 transportation. More information about Park and Ride can be found 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 in Chapter 4. Source: Federal Transit Administration National Transit Database
46 Transition2040 Figure 3-9: Public Transportation Benefit Area (PTBA) and Ben Franklin Transit (BFT) Routes in the Region
Franklin County Benton County
Public Transportation Bene t Area (PTBA) PTBA and FHWA Urbanized Area Ben Franklin Transit Fixed Route Service Metropolitan Planning Area FHWA Urbanized Areas
0 5 10 20 Miles State Routes
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 47 Figure 3-10: Public Transportation Benefit Area (PTBA) and Ben Franklin Transit (BFT) Routes in the MPA
Public Transportation Benefit Area (PTBA)
PTBA and FHWA Urbanized Area
Ben Franklin Transit Fixed Route Service Metropolitan Planning Area
FHWA Urbanized Areas 0 2.5 5 10 Miles State Routes
48 Transition2040 BFT Contest Second Place Winner - Daniel from Kamiakin High School
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 49
Pasco, Washington Amtrak Ridership
16,000
14,000
12,000 Pasco, Washington Amtrak Ridership Passenger Rail 10,000 Figure 3-11: Amtrak Ridership in Pasco, 2001-2014 16,000
The Amtrak passenger rail service, the “Empire8,000 Builder,” operates daily 14,000 on the BNSF track from Seattle to Vancouver, through Pasco to Spokane. 6,000 12,000 A companion route operates on the BNSF track between Seattle and 10,000 4,000 Spokane, where the two trains link up to continue toward Chicago. 8,000 Chicago is Amtrak’s east-west gateway. 2,000 6,000 4,000 0 Westbound passenger service stops at the Pasco Intermodal Train 2001 2002 2003 2004 20052,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Station in the early morning; eastbound service is scheduled for late 0 evening. Arrival times vary due to heavy freight traffic on the line. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Source: Amtrak, Government Affairs Division Entrained Detrained Entrained Detrained Pasco Intermodal Train Station The Pasco Intermodal Train Station operates BNSF’s passenger rail line, as well as Greyhound buses, the Grape Line, and BFT. It is owned by the City of Paso, and includes a waiting room and a parking lot.
■
50 Transition2040 Passenger Air charter, aircraft storage and aircraft sales. The Terminal Expansion The region has three airports (Figure 3-13). The Federal Aviation Project began September 2014 and is scheduled to be completed by Administration (FAA) classifies airports, updated every two years. The January 2017. The project will double the size of the current terminal, region contains airports which fall into two FAA categories; A Primary and add a new boarding concourse and restaurant, expand the security service level airport provides scheduled passenger service and has screening area, and modernize the ticketing and baggage areas. more than 10,000 annual enplanements, and a General Aviation airport is all aviation other than scheduled commercial and military aviation. The Richland Airport The Richland Airport, operated by the Port of Benton, has two 4,000 The Tri-Cities Airport feet runways, and 165 based aircraft. Sundance Aviation is the acting Operated by the Port of Pasco, the Tri-Cities Airport (PSC) in Pasco FBO (Fixed Based Operator) and provides flight instruction, fueling, is the largest airport in the region and the only one offering commercial aircraft maintenance services and aircraft tie-down rentals. service. PSC connects with eight major hubs: Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Denver, Salt Lake City, Los Angeles, The Prosser Airport Las Vegas and Mesa, Arizona. It is served by Delta, Alaska Air/Horizon The Prosser Airport, operated by the Port of Benton, serves light single Air, United and Allegiant, and is the fourth largest air carrier airport and twin engine propeller driven aircraft. There is one 3,450 foot paved in Washington. Aircraft services include major and minor repair, runway and no instrumentation, with about 15 based small aircraft. navigational radio repair and sales, flight training, aircraft rental, Tri-Cities Airport Passenger Enplanements 2010 - 2015 Figure 3-12: Tri-Cities Airport (PSC) Passenger Enplanements, 2010-2015 348,059
329,833 329,087 327,008 327,419
312,915
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 A Rendering of the completed Terminal Expansion Project Source: Federal Aviation Administration, Passenger Boarding Data
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 51 Figure 3-13: Airports in Benton and Franklin Counties
Tri-Cities PSC Flight Map
0 5 10 20 Miles Passenger Vehicle Additionally, there are various state routes serving the region (Figure 3-16). Roadways are a major element of the regional transportation system. The State and National Highway System (NHS) includes interstates, Interstates, state roads, and local roads are classified to group functions other freeways and expressways, select principal arterials, and major and capacities. There are four basic road types in the hierarchy: freeway, access routes. The State Highway System is comprised of both federal arterial, collector, and local. Figure 3-14 shows the general hierarchy and state highways. of roads, and Figures 3-17 and 3-18 shows the classifications in the metropolitan area. State Highway System Figure 3-14: Road Hierarchy Diagram There are four interstate and federal routes, which carry the vast majority of passenger traffic throughout the region: Freeway ▶Interstate - 82 is a freeway extending from I-90 near Ellensburg, Washington, to I-84 near Hermiston, Oregon. Principal Arterial ▶Interstate -182 is a 16-mile interstate spur route from I-82 west Minor of the Tri-Cities to US 395, SR 397 and US 12 in Pasco. Major ▶US 12 is a cross-state route extending from the Washington Coast Collector Minor to Lewiston, Idaho.
▶US 395 extends from Mexico to Canada via eastern Washington. Movement & Speed & Movement Within the RTPO, the route extends from Umatilla, Oregon to the Tra c rough Local Adams County Line. Daily traffic volumes contain 30-35 percent trucks through this region.
Access to property
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 53 Figure 3-15:Journey Journey to Work to Work - Drove - SOV alone in the RTPO Journey to Work data reveals the percentage of SOV commute trips (Figure 3-15). From 2010-2014, the number of SOV commute trips 85% increased at a steady rate, and in 2015 there was a slight decline. 80%
Scenic and Recreational Highway System 75% Scenic and Recreational Highways are sections of Washington State Highway that are identified in State law (RCW 47.39 and 47.42) and 70% designated due to a need to develop management plans that will protect and preserve the scenic and recreational resources from loss through 65% 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 inappropriate development. In 1967, Washington enacted a State Scenic Drove alone and Recreational Highway Act, amended in 1990. WSDOT published the State Scenic and Recreational Highway Plan in 2010, planning for 20 years.
WSDOT coordinators with a number of partners supporting Scenic and Recreational Highways. RTPO’s are listed as a partner, however many RTPO’s do not consider Scenic and Recreational Highways in their transportation plans. WSDOT is working towards the inclusion of Scenic and Recreational Highways into RTPO plans.
In the RTPO, there are State Scenic and Recreational Highways and State Scenic Byways. The Lewis and Clark Trail Scenic Byway runs through the Tri-Cities along parts of the Columbia River. There are no nationally designated scenic byways in the RTPO. The State Scenic and Recreational Highway System and State Scenic Byways maps are located in Appendix B, and the WSDOT website for an interactive map of Scenic Highways.
54 Transition2040 Figure 3-16: Federal and State Routes
UV17
¤£395
Benton County Franklin County
UV240 ¨¦§182 ¨¦§82
¤£12 ¤£395
¨¦§82 National Highway System State Facilities National Highway System Local Facilities State Routes Metropolitan Planning Area FHWA Urbanized Areas 0 5 10 20 Miles
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 55 Figure 3-17: Federal Classifications in the MPO
nter tate t er ree ay re ay t er r n al rter al nor rter al a or olle tor nor olle tor ro o e t er r n al rter al ro o e nor rter al ro o e a or olle tor ro o e nor olle tor
W r an e rea
0 2.5 5 10 Miles
56 Transition2040 Figure 3-18: Federal Classifications in the RTPO
nter tate t er ree ay re ay t er r n al rter al nor rter al a or olle tor nor olle tor ro o e t er r n al rter al ro o e nor rter al ro o e a or olle tor ro o e nor olle tor 0 5 10 20 Miles W r an e rea
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 57 Electric Vehicle Infrastructure surrounding area. This collaborative mission submitted a proposal for The Tri-Cities currently has 21 electric vehicle (EV) charging outlets a pilot project fund through WSDOT. In 2015, Washington provided at nine locations. One major obstacle is that charging outlets are not $1 million in funding for a pilot project to encourage private investment universal, much like cell phone chargers, and they can be cost prohibitive; in EV fast charging along highway corridors. Cost for installation of a networked DC Fast Charger ranges from $30,000 to $70,000. There are four levels of charging stations for PEVs: Level 1, a standard AC 120 volt household outlet, can take up to In the Tri-Cities, eight EV charging sites are Level 2 with 13 outlets 18 hours to charge a PEV; Level 2 refers to 240 volt charging among them, and one site has eight Level 4 Tesla charging outlets. equipment that can take up to seven hours per charge; From December 2014 through December 2015, electric vehicle Level 3, a DC fast charging station, can take about 20 registrations in Benton and Franklin Counties showed an increase minutes for an 80% recharge. Level 4 chargers, proprietary 1 from 130 to 209 EV’s, a 61% increase . technology owned by Tesla and intended for Tesla EVs, can recharge a vehicle in 10 minutes. A September 2016 review of charging capability information provided by the US Department of Energy Alternative Fuels Data Center, eastern Washington has a total of about 64 Level 2 charging stations. According to information provided by Tesla, that total includes 18 proprietary Tesla stations.
Fast Charge stations are much more limited, as shown in Figure 3-16. There are eight Fast Charge locations on the east side of the state. Three locations are Tesla sites with a total of seventeen outlets, the remaining five locations have one outlet each.
The Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Transportation Alliance (EVITA), was created in April 2016. EVITA’s mission focuses on the expansion of publicly available EV charging infrastructure in the Tri-Cities and 1 WSDOT, WA Plug-in Electric Vehicle Update through December 2015 Charging Station in Kennewick, near Fred Meyer Grocery Store
58 Transition2040 Figure 3-19: Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Stations in the RTPO and Neighboring Counties Ferry Ferry Stevens Snohomish
Douglas King Chelan (! Leavenworth Lincoln Spokane
(!Wenatchee
Cle Elum (! Ritzville Kittitas Grant (!
Ellensburg (! Adams Whitman
Franklin
Yakima Garfield
Columbia Benton Walla Walla (! Asotin Kennewick
(! EKlelicctkricta Vt ehicle Fast Charging Stations 0 10 20 40 60 80 Miles
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 59 Movement of Freight and Goods FMSIB Strategic Freight Corridors FMSIB, the Freight Mobility Strategic Investment Board is required The FAST Act established a new National Highway Freight Network to update the list of designated strategic freight corridors not less than (NHFN), consisting of four components: the Primary Highway Freight every two years. “Strategic Freight Corridors” (RCW 47.06A.010) System (PHFS), the remainder of the Interstate system not part of the means a transportation corridor of great economic importance within PHFS, Critical Rural Freight Corridors, and Critical Urban Freight an integrated freight system that carries freight tonnages of at least: Corridors. These components direct federal funding. ▶Four million gross tons annually on state highways, city streets, and county roads; Freight Economic Corridors ▶Five million gross tons annually on rail roads; and The Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System ▶Two and one-half million net tons on waterways. (FGTS) is a classification system for Freight Economic Corridors (roadways, railways, and waterways important for the movement of Washington State Freight Mobility Plan commerce) based on freight volume. The FGTS is used to establish The Washington State Freight Mobility Plan has three main objectives. funding eligibility for Freight Mobility Strategic Investment Board First, it aims to develop an urban goods movement system that supports grants, fulfill federal reporting requirements, support transportation jobs, the economy, and clean air, while providing goods delivery to planning, and plan for pavement needs and upgrades. WSDOT has businesses and residents. Second, the plan aims to maintain the state’s used the FGTS to designate both Strategic Freight Corridors and State competitive position as a global gateway with the intermodal freight Freight Economic Corridors. WSDOT completed an update to the corridors. Finally, the plan aims to support rural economies’ farm-to- FGTS in March 2016. The 2015 FGTS report, detailed maps, and market, manufacturing, and resource industry sectors. With input classification tables are publishedonline . from MPO’s and RTPO’s, the plan identified and mapped the Freight Economic Corridors. Figure 3-20: Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS) Road Classifications in the RTPO
SAGEMOOR ROAD WEST GLADE NORTH ROAD NORTH GLADE
240
395
225
Figure 3-21: Truck Freight Economic Corridors in the RTPO Franklin West Richland
SAGEMOOR ROAD WEST
Richland GLADE NORTH ROAD NORTH GLADE
224
182
240
395
PASCO-KAHLOTUS ROAD
225 Benton City
Franklin Pasco West Richland
Richland
224 Benton A ST 182
N KELLOGGST
N COLUMBIA CENTER BLVD
W COLUMBIA DR N EDISON N ST PASCO-KAHLOTUS ROAD 124 Benton City E COLUMBIA DR W CLEARWATER AVE
Pasco
82
Benton A ST 12
N KELLOGGST
N COLUMBIA CENTER BLVD
W COLUMBIA DR N EDISON N ST Kennewick 124 E COLUMBIA DR W CLEARWATER AVE
Center Parkway 82 Walla Walla
BOWLES RD
12
Kennewick
Center Parkway Walla Walla
BOWLES RD
397
Dodd Rd
397
Dodd Rd
LegendLegend Intermodal Facilities Agricultural Processing Facilities of WA's top 4 agricultural products by value Agricultural Processing Facility Clusters Military Installations IntermodalMajor Air Cargo Facilities Airports Apple Packing Plant Agricultural Processing Facilities of WA's0 top 4 agricultural products byCity value Limits Agricultural Processing Facility Clusters Military Installations Produced by WSDOT. RailMajor Intermodal Air TerminalsCargo Airports Beef Plant Apple Packing Plant 0-1 County Boundary 0 City Limits Barge Loading Facilities Dairy Plant 1-2 MPO/RTPO Boundary MarineRail Port Intermodal Terminals Terminals Potato Processing FacilityBeef Plant 2-3 Indian Reservations0-1 Truck CountyFreight Boundary Economic VisitCorridors http://www.wsdot. FreightBarge Economic Loading Corridors Facilities Industrial/Comemrical ZonedDairy Land Plant 3-4 1-2 in Benton-FranklinMPO/RTPO Boundary Council of Governments T1Marine Corridors Port Terminals Industrial Zoned Land in UrbanPotato Area Processing Facility 4-5 2-3 Indian Reservations wa.gov/Freight/Truck Freight Economic Corridors T2 Corridors Commerical Zoned Land within 5 miles of T1 and T2 highways in Rural Area 5-6 FreightMissing Links Economic in T-1/T-2 network Corridors Industrial Zoned Land Industrial/Comemricalwithin 5 miles of T1 and T2 highways Zoned in Urban Land Area 6-7 3-4 EconCorridors.htm AlternativeT1 Corridors Freight Routes PSRC Manufacturing and Industrial Center Zoned Land in Urban Area 7-8 4-5 0120.5 Miles in Benton-Franklin Council of Governments First/Last Mile Connector Routes to T1/T2 Corridors Note: Agricultural processing facility cluster shows facility density T2 Corridors Commerical Zoned Land within 5 miles andof value T1 indicates and number T2 ofhighways facilities within 2-mile in radius.Rural Area 5-6 Missing Links in T-1/T-2 network Industrial Zoned Land within 5 miles of T1 and T2 highways in Urban Area 6-7 Alternative Freight Routes PSRC Manufacturing and Industrial Center 7-8 0120.5 Miles First/Last Mile Connector Routes to T1/T2 Corridors Note: Agricultural processing facility cluster shows facility density and value indicates number of facilities within 2-mile radius. Commercial Vehicle FigureRTPO 3-22: Average Average Daily Daily Highway Highway Truck Truck Traffic, Traffic 2002 in tothe 2014 RTPO 6,000 The FGTS Classification for roadways in the RTPO can be found in Appendix B. FGTS classification for roadways: 5,000 T-1*: more than 10 million tons per year T-2*: 4 million to 10 million tons per year 4,000 T-3: 300,000 to 4 million tons per year 3,000 T-4: 100,000 to 300,000 tons per year T-5: at least 20,000 tons in 60 days and less than 2,000 100,000 tons per year *Facilities classified as T-1 and T-2 are identified as 1,000
Strategic Freight Roadways. 0 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Truck Volumes on State Routes East of SR 730 Spur - Wallula Columbia River Bridge - Vernita WSDOT manages multiple permanent traffic recorders West of Coffin Road - Benton County South of SR 14 - Umatilla in the RTPO and releases this data as part of their state Columbia River Bridge - Pasco South of Sellards Road - Prosser highway system Annual Traffic Report, including Average North of Columbia Park Trail - Richland South of Vinyard Drive - Pasco Daily Highway Truck Traffic (by segment in Figure 3-22, North of Blanton/Eltopia Road Columbia River Bridge - Kennewick averaged in Figure 3-24)) and percent of the average daily highway traffic that is trucks (Figure 3-24). A list of the NHS facilities in the RTPO can be found in Appendix B. Strategic Freight Roadways in the RTPO, 2015
Table 3-1: Strategic Freight Roadways in the MPO, 2015 Annual Truck City Route Name Start End 2015 Truck ADT Tonnage Kennewick Columbia Drive SR 240 SR 397 T-2 Kennewick N Columbia Center Blvd West Clearwater Ave Richland C/L T-2 Richland N Columbia Center Blvd Kennewick C/L SR 240 T-2 Pasco Road 68 N I-182/US 12/US 395 North City Limits T-2 12,776 27,789,000 Pasco N 4th Ave I-182/US 12/US 395 North City Limits T-2 2,895 6,081,250 Pasco W Lewis Street US 395 N 20th Ave T-2 3,567 6,537,250 Source: Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System 2015 Update Source: Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System 2015 Update: March 2016 Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 63
FigureRTPO 3-24: Average Daily Daily Highway Highway Truck TruckTraffic Traffic in the RTPO 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Source: WSDOT Truck Traffic as a Percent of AADT, Averaged on 10 Figure 3-23: Average Truck StateTraffic Routes as a Percent of AADT in the RTPO 25% 23.50%
20.97% 20.65% 20% 20.00% 20.57% 18.99% 17.90%
15%
10%
5%
0% 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 Source: WSDOT Transition Average 64 2040 Source: WSDOT Freight Rail Surface Transportation Board In the RTPO, there are five railroads that provide freight rail service. Railroad classification is determined by the Surface Transportation They are classified by the FGTS for economic corridors, and by revenue Board of the United States, with revenue the determining factor. The class determined by the Surface Transportation Board of the United Board has defined revenue-based characteristics for Class I (the largest), States. Class II and Class III railroads. Freight Rail Service Providers in the Table 3-3: Freight Rail ServiceRTPO Providers in the RTPO FGTS Economic Corridors Below are FGTS classifications for Rail Freight Economic Corridors: Name Class R-1*: more than 5 million tons per year BNSF I R-2: 1 million to 5 million tons per year Union Pacific Railroad I R-3: 500,000 to 1 million tons per year Central Washington Railroad III R-4 100,000 to 500,000 tons per year Columbia Basin Railroad III Tri-City & Olympia Railroad III R-5 less than 100, 000 tons per year Source: Washington State Transportation Commission Statewide Rail Capacity and *Facilities classified as R-1 are identified as Strategic Freight Railway System Needs Study Corridors. Source: Washington State Transportation Commission Statewide Rail Capacity and System Needs Study Figure 3-25 shows the active rail lines in the RTPO, and Appendix B A map of Washington’s Rail Freight Economic Corridors is located in contains a map of the Washington Rail System. Appendix B. Class I Railroads: BNSF and Union Pacific (UP) Table 3-2: Strategic Freight Rail Corridors in the RTPO, 2015 Strategic Freight Rail Corridors in the RTPO, 2015 BNSF Railway Railroad Operator Rail Segment Classification BNSF is one of the four largest U.S. railroads. The Benton-Franklin BNSF Roosevelt to Pasco R-1 RTPO is traversed by three BNSF major corridors and no low-density BNSF Yakima to Gibbon R-1 BNSF Gibbon to Pasco R-1 corridors. BNSF major corridors through the RTPO are summarized BNSF Pasco to Connell R-1 below. BNSF Connell to Spokane R-1 Portland-Pasco Main Line Source: Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System 2015 Update: March 2016 The 233-mile BNSF Fallbridge Subdivision connects Portland,
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 65 Oregon, with Pasco, Washington, a junction with main lines to collection/distribution services. Seattle and Spokane and the location of an important classification The UP presence in the RTPO is limited. The 19-mile Wallula- yard. The line closely follows the Columbia River for its entire Kennewick branch line extends from Wallula to the connection length, connecting with the Oregon Trunk Subdivision at Wishram. with the Tri-City & Olympia Railroad at Richland Junction.
Freight traffic consists of intermodal, forest and agricultural products, Class III Railroads refuse, coal, chemicals and finished automobiles. Central Washington Railroad Auburn-Pasco Main Line The Central Washington Railroad (CWA) serves a series of former BNSF’s 227-mile main line across central Washington consists of BNSF and UP branch lines in central Washington, predominantly the Stampede Subdivision between Auburn and Ellensburg, and in Yakima County. The CWA handles various agricultural and the Yakima Valley Subdivision connecting Yakima and Pasco. The chemical products on these lines, interchanging with BNSF at Stampede Subdivision crosses the Cascade Mountains at Stampede Yakima, Toppenish, and Gibbon. In the RTPO, this includes a Pass, entering the Stampede Tunnel at the summit. The Yakima portion of a thirty mile length of rail from Gibbon (just east of Valley Subdivision traverses the twisting Yakima River Canyon. Prosser) to Granger, in Yakima County. Freight traffic includes forest, agricultural and chemical products. Columbia Basin Railroad Company Pasco-Spokane Main Line The Columbia Basin Railroad (CBRW) is a short line railroad The 149-mile BNSF Lakeside Subdivision is a vital line connecting serving Central Washington. The rail line is primarily an agricultural Pasco and Spokane. The Portland section of Amtrak’s Empire Builder based railroad handling grain, sugar beets, fresh and frozen potatoes, runs once each way per day. Freight traffic consists of intermodal, fertilizers, chemicals and paper products, performing interchange forest and agricultural products, coal, chemicals and finished with BNSF on its Pasco-Spokane line at Connell. The rail line within automobiles. the RTPO is a section of a 40 mile long segment which passes between Connell in north central Franklin County and Wheeler Union Pacific Railroad in southeastern Grant County. The Union Pacific Railroad (UP) operates over 558 route miles in Washington State. The major corridors provide the primary conduits Tri-City Railroad to the nationwide rail network, while the low-density corridors offer The Tri-City Railroad (TCRY) is the UP handling carrier railroad,
66 Transition2040 operating between Richland and the south border of the Hanford rail freight daily to and from destinations across the United States, Site. TCRY operates and maintains a railroad line owned by the Canada, and Mexico for UP customers. Port of Benton under a long term lease agreement. The initial lease agreement was in 2000, the Port having acquired the track from Freight rail services also include the Port of Benton and the Port of the United States Department of Energy in 1998. As the UP agent Pasco, described in the Marine Cargo section. and handling carrier in Richland, the line originates and terminates
Pasco Rail Yard
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 67 Figure 3-25: Active Rail Lines in the RTPO
Columbia Basin
Railroad
Tri-City Railroad Railroad Paci c Union BNSF Railroad BNSF
Union Paci c Railroad
Central Washington Railroad
BNSF Railroad BNSF Railroad cti e Rail etropolitan Planning rea F W Urbani ed reas anford Reser ation BNSF Railroad
0 5 10 20 Miles
68 Transition2040 Marine Cargo and Intermodal Freight TableStrategic 3-4: Strategic Freight WaterwayFreight Waterways Corridors in in the the RTPO, RTPO, 2015 2015
The Columbia-Snake River System offers 465 miles of water Annual Waterway Segment Classification transportation (Figure 3-26). In Washington, there are 17 barge Tonnage Columbia River above Dalles Dam to McNary intermodal facilities on the Columbia-Snake River, five of which have 7,993,292 W-3 Lock and Dam land in the RTPO, each served by truck and/or rail. Columbia River above McNary Lock and Dam to 5,761,352 W-3 Kennewick Waterway Freight Economic Corridor Classification Structure Snake River from Kennewick to Clarkston 3,661,686 W-4
Below are FGTS classifications for Waterway Freight Economic Source: Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System 2015 Update: March 2016 Corridors:
W-1*: more than 25 million tons per year W-2*: 10 million to 25 million tons per year W-3*: 5 million to 10 million tons per year W-4*: 2.5 million to 5 million tons per year Figure 3-26: The Columbia Snake River System W-5: 0.9 million to 2.5 million tons per year *Waterways classified as W-1 through W-4 are identified as Strategic Freight Waterway Corridors. Tri-Cities A statewide map of Waterway Freight Economic Corridors is located in Appendix B.
Table 3-5: Barge Tonnage, 2010-2015 Barge Tonnage, 2010-2015 Lock Tonnage 2010 Tonnage 2015 % Change McNary 6,240,000 4,823,000 -23% Ice Harbor 2,881,000 2,297,000 -20% Lower Monumental 2,554,000 1,994,000 -22%
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 69 Figure 3-27: Freight Comparison of Barges, Trains, and Trucks switching.
Port of Benton The Port has over 6,000 feet of Columbia River frontage zoned for heavy industrial use at their Richland Technology and Business Campus located on the west bank of the Columbia River in North Richland. Their dock facilities near the north end of the site are used to unload construction materials and heavy equipment, much of which is destined for Hanford, and other cargoes bound for North Richland. The Port has developed the 7,000 square foot Intermodal Transload Center to handle increased demand for shipping products by rail.
Port of Kennewick The Port owns property zoned Heavy Industrial1 at various locations along a 12-mile stretch of the Columbia River in, adjacent to, and Port of Pasco southeast of Kennewick. Several private dock facilities are maintained The Port of Pasco owns and manages the Big Pasco Industrial Center, and operated by industries located in the area. The port will soon which has nearly two miles of waterfront on the north side of the construct a barge dock at their Hover site southeast of Finley. A 1,400- Columbia River upstream from the mouth of the Snake River. The foot barge dock will also be built at the port’s riverfront site below Container Terminal is a multi-modal rail/barge facility on the Columbia McNary Dam at Columbia Mile 288. River. The terminal provides docking, loading and unloading for grain and bulk commodity barges. Port of Kahlotus The Port, established in 1961, is one of the smallest port districts in The facility has a fully operational container-handling terminal for the state. It has no port manager or employees, and its revenue is loading and unloading containerized cargo. Rail facilities include 3000 1The City of Kennewick defines a Heavy Industrial Zone as: “The -pur feet of industrial track rail on two tracks and rail service to Seattle and pose of the IH [Heavy Industrial] district is to provide areas for general Tacoma. The dock and yard area are served by a Port-owned rail spur industrial processing and manufacturing subject only to the protection of connecting to the Burlington Northern Santa Fe. BNSF does all railcar nearby uses and the required quality of the air and water.”
70 Transition2040 derived from two leased grain facilities on the Snake River. The Army Corps of Engineers operate three facilities in the RTPO: ▶Lower Monumental Lock and Dam near Kahlotus; Port of Walla Walla ▶Ice Harbor Lock and Dam near the Tri-Cities on the Snake River; The Port of Walla Walla owns and operates a industrial and business and park in the Tri-Cities UZA, located in Burbank. The Burbank Industrial ▶McNary Lock and Dam between south Benton County and Park encompasses 111 acres zoned Heavy Industrial, with a cargo Umatilla, Oregon on the Columbia River. dock, two barge slips, and rail access. The Burbank Business Park encompasses 146 acres and is adjacent to the Burbank Industrial Park. The Columbia Snake River System is the #1 U.S. Wheat export gateway (Figure 3-28). According to the Pacific Northwest Waterways Snake River/Columbia River Dam and Lock System Association, the Columbia River accounted for 49% of U.S. wheat The Walla Walla District of the Army Corps of Engineers is responsible exports in 2014. In addition to the grain shipped downriver, fuel and for the maintenance and development of water resource projects on fertilizer are shipped upriver2014 onU.S. return Wheat trips Exports segments of the Snake and Columbia Rivers. Figure 3-28: 2014 U.S. Wheat Exports
Columbia River, 49%
East Gulf, 0% California, 0 Puget Sound, 0% S. Texas, 3% Interior, 6%
N. Atlantic, 1% N. Texas, 21% S. Atlantic, 2% Mississippi, 18%
Source: Pacific Northwest Waterways Association A barge approaching the Ice Harbor Lock
Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 71 Figure 3-29: Port Districts and Rail in the RTPO U
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72 Transition2040 Air Freight The Tri-Cities airport, in addition to moving people, is an integral link in freight transportation. It supports air cargo, and has commercial and industrial property on site.
Three cargo services operate out of the Tri-Cities airport: Federal Express (FedEx) operates a cargo facility and flies daily to Spokane, and Airpac and Ameriflight fly to Seattle and Portland.
The Tri-Cities airport saw a decrease in air cargo tonnage from 2009 to 2014, by -15%, and in 2014 held around half a percent of the market share in Washington airports (Table 3-6). Table 3-6:Washington Air Cargo Tonnage Airports: in Air Washington Cargo Tonnage Airports, 2009 2009 and 2014 and 2014 Airport 2009 Tonnage 2014 Tonnage % Change 2014 Market Share Seattle-Tacoma International 270,216 327,239 21.1% 63.1% King County International 104,302 109,653 5.1% 21.1% Spokane 67,129 59,567 -11.3% 11.5% Snohomish County 3,914 13,639 248.5% 2.6% Tri Cities 3,351 2,855 -14.8% 0.6% Yakima Air Terminal 1,816 1,917 5.6% 0.4% Bellingham International 995 1,095 10.1% 0.2% Pangborn Memorial 638 711 11.4% 0.1% William R. Fairchild International 534 627 17.4% 0.1% Orcus Island Airport 243 444 82.7% 0.1% Grant County International 406 365 -10.1% 0.1% Skagit Regional 247 363 47.0% 0.1% Friday Harbor Airport 109 196 79.8% 0.0% Source: WSDOT Aviation Division Source: WSDOT 2014 Chapter 3 | Transportation Choices 73 Pipelines hazardous liquid pipelines, lists the pipelines by county. There are oil and natural gas pipelines in the RTPO. Benton and Franklin Counties are crossed by Williams Northwest Pipeline Company In Benton, they list three pipelines by company name: Williams Partners an interstate natural gas supply line, as well as a Tesoro Logistics Operating LLC, Cascade Natural Gas Corp. (CNG), and Northwest pipeline, common carrier pipeline that transports refined petroleum Pipeline LLC. products. In Franklin, there are seven listed: Avista Utilities Corp., Cascade The Williams Northwest Pipeline Company pipeline runs from Natural Gas Corp. (CNG), Northwest Pipeline LLC., Tesoro Logistics Vancouver, B.C. to Vancouver, Washington, and up the Columbia River Northwest Pipeline LLC., and Tidewater, Inc. Gorge to Plymouth. There it branches into two lines. One serves the Tri-Cities and Spokane; the second serves the Yakima Valley and The location of these are protected in accordance with the National Wenatchee. This system distributes natural gas to Washington’s utility Pipeline Mapping System security policy. Oil pipelines in and out of companies for further distribution to customers. eastern Washington are displayed in Figure 3-30, with a larger map of the state in Appendix B. Williams Northwest has proposed a 30 mile pipeline. It would begin at a new tap on the existing pipeline north of Pasco, and run west across the Columbia River into the Hanford Site. An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) was completed in 2012.
The Tesoro Logistics pipeline is a common carrier pipeline that transports refined petroleum products such as diesel and gasoline from Salt Lake City to Pasco and Spokane. Chevron’s pipeline consists of two, parallel, 6-inch lines up to Pasco, then an 8-inch line to Spokane. The line to Spokane carries 134 million gallons per year, based on annual estimates and 2015 data.
The Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission, responsible for developing and enforcing safety standards for natural gas and
74 Transition2040 Figure 3-30: Oil Movement In and Out of Eastern Washington