December 20, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 51

From the Cover

14502 Human–environment interactions

14704 N2O production during nitrification 14769 Tooth evolution in sharks 14811 Therapeutic bacteria in New York City parks

Contents

Cover image: Pictured are dog owners THIS WEEK IN PNAS queueing with their pets to receive 14463 In This Issue canine rabies vaccination during a campaign in northwest Tanzania. Alison Galvani et al. introduce the INNER WORKINGS—An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work Sackler Colloquium on Coupled Human and Environmental Systems, which 14465 Orbiting experiment may help decode the mysteries of rubbly asteroids explores the interconnectedness of Sid Perkins environmental, epidemiological, political, and economic systems as well PROFILE as potential solutions to challenges in public health and resource sustainability. 14468 Profile of Harris A. Lewin Topics range from the cost-effectiveness Beth Azar of canine rabies vaccination programs to See Inaugural Article on page 14492 recent successes in employing a complex adaptive-systems framework COMMENTARIES to promote sustainable fisheries. See the Introduction to the Sackler Colloquium 14471 Love, not war, drove the Mesozoic marine revolution on Coupled Human and Environmental Phillip M. Novack-Gottshall Systems on pages 14502–14506. Image See companion article on page 14073 in issue 49 of volume 113

courtesy of Meagan C. Fitzpatrick (Yale 14474 Is there a pathway for N2O production from hydroxylamine oxidoreductase in University, New Haven, CT). ammonia-oxidizing bacteria? Corey J. White and Nicolai Lehnert See companion article on page 14704 14477 Antibiotic discovery is a walk in the park Louis-Fe´lix Nothias, Rob Knight, and Pieter C. Dorrestein See companion article on page 14811

PNAS PLUS 14480 Significance Statements Brief statements written by the authors about the significance of their papers.

PERSPECTIVE 14483 Twenty-first century approaches to ancient problems: Climate and society Jade A. d’Alpoim Guedes, Stefani A. Crabtree, R. Kyle Bocinsky, and Timothy A. Kohler

Free online through the PNAS open access option. PNAS u December 20, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 51 u iii–viii Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 INAUGURAL ARTICLE 14595 Estimating enhanced prevaccination measles transmission hotspots in the context of 14492 Massive dysregulation of genes involved in cell signaling cross-scale dynamics and placental development in cloned cattle Alexander D. Becker, Ruthie B. Birger, Aude Teillant, Paul A. conceptus and maternal endometrium Gastanaduy, Gregory S. Wallace, and Bryan T. Grenfell Fernando H. Biase, Chanaka Rabel, Michel Guillomot, Isabelle 14601 Climatic and evolutionary drivers of phase shifts in the Hue, Kalista Andropolis, Colleen A. Olmstead, Rosane Oliveira, plague epidemics of colonial India Richard Wallace, Daniel Le Bourhis, Christophe Richard, Evelyne Campion, Aure´lie Chaulot-Talmon, Corinne Giraud-Delville, Joseph A. Lewnard and Jeffrey P. Townsend Ge´raldine Taghouti, He´le`ne Jammes, Jean-Paul Renard, Olivier Sandra, and Harris A. Lewin PHYSICAL SCIENCES See Profile on page 14468 APPLIED MATHEMATICS ARTHUR M. SACKLER COLLOQUIUM ON COUPLED 14609 State estimation and prediction using clustered HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS particle filters Yoonsang Lee and Andrew J. Majda INTRODUCTION 14502 Human–environment interactions in population and APPLIED PHYSICAL SCIENCES ecosystem health 14615 Emergent oscillations assist obstacle negotiation Alison P. Galvani, Chris T. Bauch, Madhur Anand, Burton H. during ant cooperative transport Singer, and Simon A. Levin Aviram Gelblum, Itai Pinkoviezky, Ehud Fonio, Nir S. Gov, and Ofer Feinerman COLLOQUIUM PAPERS 14621 Emergent structures and dynamics of cell colonies by 14507 The right incentives enable ocean sustainability contact inhibition of locomotion successes and provide hope for the future Bart Smeets, Ricard Alert, Jirı´ Pesek, Ignacio Pagonabarraga, Jane Lubchenco, Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman, Jessica N. Herman Ramon, and Romaric Vincent Reimer, and Simon A. Levin 14627 Unfolding large-scale online collaborative 14515 Coordination vs. voluntarism and enforcement in human dynamics sustaining international environmental cooperation Yilong Zha, Tao Zhou, and Changsong Zhou Scott Barrett 14523 Whales, science, and scientific whaling in the CHEMISTRY International Court of Justice 14633 Specific detection of biomolecules in physiological Marc Mangel solutions using graphene transistor biosensors Ning Gao, Teng Gao, Xiao Yang, Xiaochuan Dai, Wei Zhou, 14528 Examples of coupled human and environmental Anqi Zhang, and Charles M. Lieber systems from the extractive industry and hydropower sector interfaces 14686 Evolution of a mass spectrometry-grade protease with Marcia C. Castro, Gary R. Krieger, Marci Z. Balge, Marcel Tanner, PTM-directed specificity Ju¨rg Utzinger, Maxine Whittaker, and Burton H. Singer Duc T. Tran, Valerie J. Cavett, Vuong Q. Dang, He´ctor L. Torres, and Brian M. Paegel 14536 Interactions of social, terrestrial, and marine sub-systems in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador 14739 Janus effect of antifreeze proteins on ice nucleation Stephen J. Walsh and Carlos F. Mena Kai Liu, Chunlei Wang, Ji Ma, Guosheng Shi, Xi Yao, Haiping Fang, Yanlin Song, and Jianjun Wang 14544 Quantifying and sustaining biodiversity in tropical agricultural landscapes EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES Chase D. Mendenhall, Analisa Shields-Estrada, Arjun J. Krishnaswami, and Gretchen C. Daily 14757 Anomalously high variation in postnatal development is ancestral for dinosaurs but lost in birds 14552 Alternative stable states and the sustainability of Christopher T. Griffin and Sterling J. Nesbitt forests, grasslands, and agriculture Kirsten A. Henderson, Chris T. Bauch, and Madhur Anand ENGINEERING 14560 Early warning signals of regime shifts in coupled – E8210 Concentrator photovoltaic module architectures with human environment systems capabilities for capture and conversion of full global Chris T. Bauch, Ram Sigdel, Joe Pharaon, and Madhur Anand solar radiation 14568 Timescales and the management of ecological systems Kyu-Tae Lee, Yuan Yao, Junwen He, Brent Fisher, Xing Sheng, Alan Hastings Matthew Lumb, Lu Xu, Mikayla A. Anderson, David Scheiman, 14574 One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control Seungyong Han, Yongseon Kang, Abdurrahman Gumus, Rabab R. Bahabry, Jung Woo Lee, Ungyu Paik, Noah D. Bronstein, A. Paul in India Alivisatos, Matthew Meitl, Scott Burroughs, Muhammad Mustafa Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Hiral A. Shah, Abhishek Pandey, Hussain, Jeong Chul Lee, Ralph G. Nuzzo, and John A. Rogers Alyssa M. Bilinski, Manish Kakkar, Andrew D. Clark, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Syed Shahid Abbas, and Alison P. Galvani ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 14582 Perspectives on the role of mobility, behavior, and E8219 Measuring spectroscopy and magnetism of extracted time scales in the spread of diseases and intracellular magnetosomes using soft Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Derdei Bichara, and Benjamin R. Morin X-ray ptychography 14589 Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on infectious Xiaohui Zhu, Adam P. Hitchcock, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Peter disease hospitalization risk in the Denes, John Joseph, Ulysses Lins, Stefano Marchesini, David N. Fisman, Ashleigh R. Tuite, and Kevin A. Brown Hung-Wei Shiu, Tolek Tyliszczak, and David A. Shapiro

iv u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 14639 Understanding the nature of atmospheric acid 14528 Examples of coupled human and environmental processing of mineral dusts in supplying systems from the extractive industry and bioavailable phosphorus to the oceans hydropower sector interfaces Anthony Stockdale, Michael D. Krom, Robert J. G. Mortimer, Liane Marcia C. Castro, Gary R. Krieger, Marci Z. Balge, Marcel Tanner, G. Benning, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Ross J. Herbert, Zongbo Shi, Ju¨rg Utzinger, Maxine Whittaker, and Burton H. Singer Stelios Myriokefalitakis, Maria Kanakidou, and Athanasios Nenes 14536 Interactions of social, terrestrial, and marine sub-systems in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador PHYSICS Stephen J. Walsh and Carlos F. Mena 14645 Ideal charge-density-wave order in the high-field state of superconducting YBCO H. Jang, W.-S. Lee, H. Nojiri, S. Matsuzawa, H. Yasumura, L. Nie, SOCIAL SCIENCES A. V. Maharaj, S. Gerber, Y.-J. Liu, A. Mehta, D. A. Bonn, R. Liang, 14668 Estimating uncertainty in respondent-driven sampling W. N. Hardy, C. A. Burns, Z. Islam, S. Song, J. Hastings, T. P. Devereaux, using a tree bootstrap method Z.-X. Shen, S. A. Kivelson, C.-C. Kao, D. Zhu, and J.-S. Lee Aaron J. Baraff, Tyler H. McCormick, and Adrian E. Raftery 14651 Imaging the He2 quantum halo state using a free electron laser SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE Stefan Zeller, Maksim Kunitski, Jo¨rg Voigtsberger, Anton Kalinin, Alexander Schottelius, Carl Schober, Markus Waitz, 14507 The right incentives enable ocean sustainability Hendrik Sann, Alexander Hartung, Tobias Bauer, Martin Pitzer, successes and provide hope for the future Florian Trinter, Christoph Goihl, Christian Janke, Martin Richter, Jane Lubchenco, Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman, Jessica N. Gregor Kastirke, Miriam Weller, Achim Czasch, Markus Kitzler, Reimer, and Simon A. Levin Markus Braune, Robert E. Grisenti, Wieland Scho¨llkopf, Lothar 14515 Coordination vs. voluntarism and enforcement in Ph. H. Schmidt, Markus S. Scho¨ffler, Joshua B. Williams, Till Jahnke, and Reinhard Do¨rner sustaining international environmental cooperation Scott Barrett 14656 Direct evidence of interaction-induced Dirac cones in a monolayer silicene/Ag(111) system 14528 Examples of coupled human and environmental Ya Feng, Defa Liu, Baojie Feng, Xu Liu, Lin Zhao, Zhuojin Xie, Yan systems from the extractive industry and Liu, Aiji Liang, Cheng Hu, Yong Hu, Shaolong He, Guodong Liu, hydropower sector interfaces Jun Zhang, Chuangtian Chen, Zuyan Xu, Lan Chen, Kehui Marcia C. Castro, Gary R. Krieger, Marci Z. Balge, Marcel Tanner, Wu, Yu-Tzu Liu, Hsin Lin, Zhi-Quan Huang, Chia-Hsiu Hsu, Ju¨rg Utzinger, Maxine Whittaker, and Burton H. Singer Feng-Chuan Chuang, Arun Bansil, and X. J. Zhou 14536 Interactions of social, terrestrial, and marine sub-systems in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE Stephen J. Walsh and Carlos F. Mena 14589 Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on infectious disease hospitalization risk in the United States 14560 Early warning signals of regime shifts in coupled – David N. Fisman, Ashleigh R. Tuite, and Kevin A. Brown human environment systems Chris T. Bauch, Ram Sigdel, Joe Pharaon, and Madhur Anand STATISTICS 14574 One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control 14662 Simultaneous dimension reduction and adjustment for in India confounding variation Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Hiral A. Shah, Abhishek Pandey, Zhixiang Lin, Can Yang, Ying Zhu, John Duchi, Yao Fu, Yong Alyssa M. Bilinski, Manish Kakkar, Andrew D. Clark, Jeffrey P. Wang, Bai Jiang, Mahdi Zamanighomi, Xuming Xu, Mingfeng Li, Townsend, Syed Shahid Abbas, and Alison P. Galvani Nenad Sestan, Hongyu Zhao, and Wing Hung Wong 14582 Perspectives on the role of mobility, behavior, and 14668 Estimating uncertainty in respondent-driven sampling time scales in the spread of diseases using a tree bootstrap method Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Derdei Bichara, and Benjamin R. Morin Aaron J. Baraff, Tyler H. McCormick, and Adrian E. Raftery 14595 Estimating enhanced prevaccination measles 14817 Unified framework for information integration based transmission hotspots in the context of on information geometry cross-scale dynamics Masafumi Oizumi, Naotsugu Tsuchiya (土谷 尚嗣), Alexander D. Becker, Ruthie B. Birger, Aude Teillant, Paul A. and Shun-ichi Amari Gastanaduy, Gregory S. Wallace, and Bryan T. Grenfell 14601 Climatic and evolutionary drivers of phase shifts in the SOCIAL SCIENCES plague epidemics of colonial India Joseph A. Lewnard and Jeffrey P. Townsend ANTHROPOLOGY 14674 The plant component of an Acheulian diet at Gesher ‘ Benot Ya aqov, Israel BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Yoel Melamed, Mordechai E. Kislev, Eli Geffen, Simcha Lev-Yadun, and Naama Goren-Inbar AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

ECONOMIC SCIENCES 14492 Massive dysregulation of genes involved in cell signaling and placental development in cloned cattle 14515 Coordination vs. voluntarism and enforcement in conceptus and maternal endometrium sustaining international environmental cooperation Fernando H. Biase, Chanaka Rabel, Michel Guillomot, Isabelle Scott Barrett Hue, Kalista Andropolis, Colleen A. Olmstead, Rosane Oliveira, Richard Wallace, Daniel Le Bourhis, Christophe Richard, Evelyne ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Campion, Aure´lie Chaulot-Talmon, Corinne Giraud-Delville, 14523 Whales, science, and scientific whaling in the Ge´raldine Taghouti, He´le`ne Jammes, Jean-Paul Renard, Olivier International Court of Justice Sandra, and Harris A. Lewin Marc Mangel See Profile on page 14468

Contents PNAS u December 20, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 51 u v Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 ANTHROPOLOGY 14621 Emergent structures and dynamics of cell colonies by 14674 The plant component of an Acheulian diet at Gesher contact inhibition of locomotion Benot Ya‘aqov, Israel Bart Smeets, Ricard Alert, Jirı´ Pesek, Ignacio Pagonabarraga, Yoel Melamed, Mordechai E. Kislev, Eli Geffen, Simcha Herman Ramon, and Romaric Vincent Lev-Yadun, and Naama Goren-Inbar 14739 Janus effect of antifreeze proteins on ice nucleation 14680 Cliff-edge model of obstetric selection in humans Kai Liu, Chunlei Wang, Ji Ma, Guosheng Shi, Xi Yao, Haiping Philipp Mitteroecker, Simon M. Huttegger, Barbara Fischer, Fang, Yanlin Song, and Jianjun Wang and Mihaela Pavlicev CELL BIOLOGY APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES E8228 Casitas B-cell lymphoma (Cbl) proteins protect 14686 Evolution of a mass spectrometry-grade protease with mammary epithelial cells from proteotoxicity PTM-directed specificity of active c-Src accumulation Duc T. Tran, Valerie J. Cavett, Vuong Q. Dang, He´ctor L. Torres, Chandrani Mukhopadhyay, Aleata Triplett, Tom Bargar, Carol and Brian M. Paegel Heckman, Kay-Uwe Wagner, and Mayumi Naramura 14692 Resistance mutation conserved between insects and E8238 Cell size and growth regulation in the Arabidopsis mites unravels the benzoylurea insecticide mode of thaliana apical stem cell niche action on chitin biosynthesis Lisa Willis, Yassin Refahi, Raymond Wightman, Benoit Landrein, Vassilis Douris, Denise Steinbach, Rafaela Panteleri, Ioannis Jose´ Teles, Kerwyn Casey Huang, Elliot M. Meyerowitz, Livadaras, John Anthony Pickett, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Ralf and Henrik Jo¨nsson + Nauen, and John Vontas E8247 An NAD -dependent transcriptional program 14698 Epithelial self-healing is recapitulated by a 3D governs self-renewal and radiation resistance biomimetic E-cadherin junction in glioblastoma Daniel J. Cohen, Martijn Gloerich, and W. James Nelson Amit D. Gujar, Son Le, Diane D. Mao, David Y. A. Dadey, Alice Turski, Yo Sasaki, Diane Aum, Jingqin Luo, Sonika Dahiya, Liya BIOCHEMISTRY Yuan, Keith M. Rich, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Dennis E. Hallahan, 14704 Nitrosomonas europaea cytochrome P460 is a direct Hiroko Yano, David D. Tran, and Albert H. Kim link between nitrification and nitrous oxide emission E8257 Reprogramming cell fate with a genome-scale library Jonathan D. Caranto, Avery C. Vilbert, and Kyle M. Lancaster of artificial transcription factors See Commentary on page 14474 Asuka Eguchi, Matthew J. Wleklinski, Mackenzie C. Spurgat, 14710 Reductive carboxylation is a major metabolic pathway Evan A. Heiderscheit, Anna S. Kropornicka, Catherine K. Vu, Devesh Bhimsaria, Scott A. Swanson, Ron Stewart, in the retinal pigment epithelium Parameswaran Ramanathan, Timothy J. Kamp, Igor Slukvin, Jianhai Du, Aya Yanagida, Kaitlen Knight, Abbi L. Engel, Anh James A. Thomson, James R. Dutton, and Aseem Z. Ansari Huan Vo, Connor Jankowski, Martin Sadilek, Van Thi Bao Tran, Megan A. Manson, Aravind Ramakrishnan, James B. Hurley, 14745 Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor and Jennifer R. Chao antagonists inhibit human gastric cancer through – κ 14716 Structural insights into the LCIB protein family reveals downregulation of PAK1 STAT3/NF- B signaling a new group of β-carbonic anhydrases Jinfeng Gan, Xiurong Ke, Jiali Jiang, Hongmei Dong, Zhimeng Yao, Yusheng Lin, Wan Lin, Xiao Wu, Shumei Yan, Yixuan Shengyang Jin, Jian Sun, Tobias Wunder, Desong Tang, Asaph B. Zhuang, Wai Kit Chu, Renzhi Cai, Xianyang Zhang, Herman S. Cousins, Siu Kwan Sze, Oliver Mueller-Cajar, and Yong-Gui Gao Cheung, Norman L. Block, Chi Pui Pang, Andrew V. Schally, 14722 CO synthesized from the central one-carbon and Hao Zhang pool as source for the iron carbonyl in O2-tolerant [NiFe]-hydrogenase DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Ingmar Bu¨rstel, Elisabeth Siebert, Stefan Frielingsdorf, Ingo E8267 Tet proteins influence the balance between Zebger, Ba¨rbel Friedrich, and Oliver Lenz neuroectodermal and mesodermal fate 14727 Metal dependence and branched RNA cocrystal choice by inhibiting Wnt signaling structures of the RNA lariat debranching enzyme Dbr1 Xiang Li, Xiaojing Yue, William A. Pastor, Lizhu Lin, Romain Nathaniel E. Clark, Adam Katolik, Kenneth M. Roberts, Georges, Lukas Chavez, Sylvia M. Evans, and Anjana Rao Alexander B. Taylor, Stephen P. Holloway, Jonathan P. 14751 Spop promotes skeletal development and Schuermann, Eric J. Montemayor, Scott W. Stevens, Paul F. homeostasis by positively regulating Ihh signaling Fitzpatrick, Masad J. Damha, and P. John Hart Hongchen Cai and Aimin Liu 14733 Structural basis for glutathione-mediated activation Listeria of the virulence regulatory protein PrfA in ECOLOGY Michael Hall, Christin Grundstrom, Afshan Begum, Mikael J. ¨ 14595 Estimating enhanced prevaccination measles Lindberg, Uwe H. Sauer, Fredrik Almqvist, Jo¨rgen Johansson, and A. Elisabeth Sauer-Eriksson transmission hotspots in the context of cross-scale dynamics BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Alexander D. Becker, Ruthie B. Birger, Aude Teillant, Paul A. E8219 Measuring spectroscopy and magnetism of extracted Gastanaduy, Gregory S. Wallace, and Bryan T. Grenfell and intracellular magnetosomes using soft 14560 Early warning signals of regime shifts in coupled X-ray ptychography human–environment systems Xiaohui Zhu, Adam P. Hitchcock, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Peter Chris T. Bauch, Ram Sigdel, Joe Pharaon, and Madhur Anand Denes, John Joseph, Ulysses Lins, Stefano Marchesini, Hung-Wei Shiu, Tolek Tyliszczak, and David A. Shapiro ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 14615 Emergent oscillations assist obstacle negotiation 14507 The right incentives enable ocean sustainability during ant cooperative transport successes and provide hope for the future Aviram Gelblum, Itai Pinkoviezky, Ehud Fonio, Nir S. Gov, Jane Lubchenco, Elizabeth B. Cerny-Chipman, Jessica N. and Ofer Feinerman Reimer, and Simon A. Levin

vi u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 14589 Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on infectious MEDICAL SCIENCES disease hospitalization risk in the United States 14793 Chromosome instability drives phenotypic switching David N. Fisman, Ashleigh R. Tuite, and Kevin A. Brown to metastasis ChongFeng Gao, Yanli Su, Julie Koeman, Elizabeth Haak, Karl EVOLUTION Dykema, Curt Essenberg, Eric Hudson, David Petillo, Sok Kean 14757 Anomalously high variation in postnatal development Khoo, and George F. Vande Woude is ancestral for dinosaurs but lost in birds 14799 Pegylated IFN-α suppresses hepatitis C virus by Christopher T. Griffin and Sterling J. Nesbitt promoting the DAPK-mTOR pathway 14763 Experimental evolution reveals hyperparasitic Wei-Liang Liu, Hung-Chih Yang, Ching-Sheng Hsu, Chih-Chiang Wang, Tzu-San Wang, Jia-Horng Kao, interactions among transposable elements and Ding-Shinn Chen E´milie Robillard, Arnaud Le Rouzic, Zheng Zhang, Pierre Capy, and Aure´lie Hua-Van MICROBIOLOGY + 14769 Sox2 progenitors in sharks link taste development E8296 Development of high-yield influenza B virus with the evolution of regenerative teeth vaccine viruses from denticles Jihui Ping, Tiago J. S. Lopes, Gabriele Neumann, Kyle J. Martin, Liam J. Rasch, Rory L. Cooper, Brian D. Metscher, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka Zerina Johanson, and Gareth J. Fraser 14805 Impact of the gut microbiota on enhancer accessibility GENETICS in gut intraepithelial lymphocytes Nicholas P. Semenkovich, Joseph D. Planer, Philip P. E8277 Genetic, immunological, and clinical features of Ahern, Nicholas W. Griffin, Charles Y. Lin, patients with bacterial and fungal infections and Jeffrey I. Gordon due to inherited IL-17RA deficiency 14811 Urban park soil microbiomes are a rich reservoir of Romain Le´vy, Satoshi Okada, Vivien Be´ziat, Kunihiko Moriya, Caini Liu, Louis Yi Ann Chai, Me´lanie Migaud, Fabian natural product biosynthetic diversity Hauck, Amein Al Ali, Cyril Cyrus, Chittibabu Vatte, Zachary Charlop-Powers, Clara C. Pregitzer, Christophe Turkan Patiroglu, Ekrem Unal, Marie Ferneiny, Nobuyuki Lemetre, Melinda A. Ternei, Jeffrey Maniko, Bradley M. Hover, Hyakuna, Serdar Nepesov, Matias Oleastro, Aydan Paula Y. Calle, Krista L. McGuire, Jeanne Garbarino, Helen M. Ikinciogullari, Figen Dogu, Takaki Asano, Osamu Forgione, Sarah Charlop-Powers, and Sean F. Brady Ohara, Ling Yun, Erika Della Mina, Didier Bronnimann, See Commentary on page 14477 Yuval Itan, Florian Gothe, Jacinta Bustamante, Ste´phanie Boisson-Dupuis, Natalia Tahuil, Caner Aytekin, Aicha Salhi, Saleh Al Muhsen, Masao Kobayashi, Julie Toubiana, Laurent Abel, Xiaoxia Li, Yildiz Camcioglu, Fatih Celmeli, E8306 Long-range projections coordinate distributed Christoph Klein, Suzan A. AlKhater, Jean-Laurent brain-wide neural activity with a specific Casanova, and Anne Puel spatiotemporal profile Alex T. L. Leong, Russell W. Chan, Patrick P. Gao, Ying-Shing Chan, Kevin K. Tsia, Wing-Ho Yung, and Ed X. Wu IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION E8286 miR-17∼92 family clusters control iNKT cell E8316 Gamma motor neurons survive and exacerbate alpha ontogenesis via modulation of TGF-β signaling motor neuron degeneration in ALS Maya Fedeli, Michela Riba, Jose Manuel Garcia Manteiga, Lei Melanie Lalancette-Hebert, Aarti Sharma, Alexander K. Tian, Valentina Vigano`, Grazisa Rossetti, Massimiliano Pagani, Lyashchenko, and Neil A. Shneider Changchun Xiao, Adrian Liston, Elia Stupka, Davide Cittaro, 14817 Unified framework for information integration based Sergio Abrignani, Paolo Provero, Paolo Dellabona, on information geometry and Giulia Casorati Masafumi Oizumi, Naotsugu Tsuchiya (土谷 尚嗣), 14775 Transcription factor Zeb2 regulates commitment and Shun-ichi Amari to plasmacytoid dendritic cell and 14823 Nicotinic receptors in mouse prefrontal cortex monocyte fate modulate ultraslow fluctuations related to Xiaodi Wu, Carlos G. Brisen˜o, Gary E. Grajales-Reyes, Malay conscious processing Haldar, Arifumi Iwata, Nicole M. Kretzer, Wumesh KC, Fani Koukouli, Marie Rooy, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Roxane Tussiwand, Yujiro Higashi, Theresa L. Murphy, and Uwe Maskos and Kenneth M. Murphy 14829 Unexpected central role of the androgen receptor 14781 Tolerance checkpoint bypass permits emergence of in the spontaneous regeneration of myelin pathogenic T cells to neuromyelitis optica Bartosz Bielecki, Claudia Mattern, Abdel M. Ghoumari, autoantigen aquaporin-4 Sumaira Javaid, Kaja Smietanka, Charly Abi Ghanem, Sharon A. Sagan, Ryan C. Winger, Andre´s Cruz-Herranz, Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja, M. Said Ghandour, Etienne-Emile Patricia A. Nelson, Sarah Hagberg, Corey N. Miller, Collin M. Baulieu, Robin J. M. Franklin, Michael Schumacher, Spencer, Peggy P. Ho, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Michael Levy, and Elisabeth Traiffort Marc H. Levin, Alan S. Verkman, Lawrence Steinman, Ari J. Green, Mark S. Anderson, Raymond A. Sobel, 14835 release from the locus coeruleus to the and Scott S. Zamvil dorsal hippocampus promotes spatial learning and memory 14787 Cosmc is an X-linked inflammatory bowel disease risk Kimberly A. Kempadoo, Eugene V. Mosharov, Se Joon Choi, gene that spatially regulates gut microbiota and , and Eric R. Kandel contributes to sex-specific risk Matthew R. Kudelka, Benjamin H. Hinrichs, Trevor Darby, 14841 Covariation of axon initial segment location and Carlos S. Moreno, Hikaru Nishio, Christopher E. Cutler, Jianmei dendritic tree normalizes the somatic Wang, Huixia Wu, Junwei Zeng, Yingchun Wang, Tongzhong Ju, action potential Sean R. Stowell, Asma Nusrat, Rheinallt M. Jones, Andrew S. Mustafa S. Hamada, Sarah Goethals, Sharon I. de Vries, Romain Neish, and Richard D. Cummings Brette, and Maarten H. P. Kole

Contents PNAS u December 20, 2016 u vol. 113 u no. 51 u vii Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 PHYSIOLOGY 14544 Quantifying and sustaining biodiversity in tropical 14847 Biconcave shape of human red-blood-cell ghosts relies agricultural landscapes on density differences between the rim and dimple Chase D. Mendenhall, Analisa Shields-Estrada, Arjun J. of the ghost’s plasma membrane Krishnaswami, and Gretchen C. Daily Joseph F. Hoffman 14552 Alternative stable states and the sustainability of 14852 Electrotonic coupling of excitable and nonexcitable forests, grasslands, and agriculture cells in the heart revealed by optogenetics Kirsten A. Henderson, Chris T. Bauch, and Madhur Anand T. Alexander Quinn, Patrizia Camelliti, Eva A. Rog-Zielinska, 14568 Timescales and the management of ecological systems Urszula Siedlecka, Tommaso Poggioli, Eileen T. O’Toole, Alan Hastings Thomas Kno¨pfel, and Peter Kohl SYSTEMS BIOLOGY PLANT BIOLOGY E8344 Unique attributes of cyanobacterial metabolism E8326 Receptor kinase complex transmits RALF peptide revealed by improved genome-scale metabolic Arabidopsis signal to inhibit root growth in modeling and essential gene analysis Changqing Du, Xiushan Li, Jia Chen, Weijun Chen, Bin Li, Chiyu Jared T. Broddrick, Benjamin E. Rubin, David G. Welkie, Niu Du, Li, Long Wang, Jianglin Li, Xiaoying Zhao, Jianzhong Lin, Nathan Mih, Spencer Diamond, Jenny J. Lee, Susan S. Golden, Xuanming Liu, Sheng Luan, and Feng Yu and Bernhard O. Palsson E8335 Light affects salt stress-induced transcriptional 14662 Simultaneous dimension reduction and adjustment for P5CS1 Arabidopsis memory of in confounding variation Xuan Jun Feng, Jing Rui Li, Shi Lian Qi, Qing Fang Lin, Jing Bo Zhixiang Lin, Can Yang, Ying Zhu, John Duchi, Yao Fu, Yong Jin, and Xue Jun Hua Wang, Bai Jiang, Mahdi Zamanighomi, Xuming Xu, Mingfeng Li, 14858 POWERDRESS and HDA9 interact and promote Nenad Sestan, Hongyu Zhao, and Wing Hung Wong histone H3 deacetylation at specific genomic Arabidopsis sites in CORRECTIONS (ONLINE ONLY) Yun Ju Kim, Ruozhong Wang, Lei Gao, Dongming Li, Chi Xu, Hyunggon Mang, Jien Jeon, Xiangsong Chen, Xuehua Zhong, June M. Kwak, Beixin Mo, Langtao Xiao, and Xuemei Chen AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES E8354 Targeted microRNA expression in dairy cattle 14864 UV-B photoreceptor-mediated protection directs production of β-lactoglobulin-free, of the photosynthetic machinery in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii high-casein milk Anower Jabed, Stefan Wagner, Judi McCracken, David N. Guillaume Allorent, Linnka Lefebvre-Legendre, Richard Wells, and Goetz Laible Chappuis, Marcel Kuntz, Thuy B. Truong, Krishna K. Niyogi, Roman Ulm, and Michel Goldschmidt-Clermont BIOPHYSICS AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY POPULATION BIOLOGY E8357 Emergence of ion channel modal gating from 14574 One Health approach to cost-effective rabies control independent subunit kinetics in India Brendan A. Bicknell and Geoffrey J. Goodhill Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Hiral A. Shah, Abhishek Pandey, Alyssa M. Bilinski, Manish Kakkar, Andrew D. Clark, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Syed Shahid Abbas, and Alison P. Galvani SI CORRECTION (ONLINE ONLY) 14582 Perspectives on the role of mobility, behavior, and time scales in the spread of diseases EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Derdei Bichara, and Benjamin R. Morin E8358 Isoprene photochemistry over the Amazon rainforest 14601 Climatic and evolutionary drivers of phase shifts in the Yingjun Liu, Joel Brito, Matthew R. Dorris, Jean C. Rivera-Rios, Roger Seco, Kelvin H. Bates, Paulo Artaxo, Sergio Duvoisin Jr., plague epidemics of colonial India Frank N. Keutsch, Saewung Kim, Allen H. Goldstein, Alex B. Joseph A. Lewnard and Jeffrey P. Townsend Guenther, Antonio O. Manzi, Rodrigo A. F. Souza, Stephen R. Springston, Thomas B. Watson, Karena A. McKinney, SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE and Scot T. Martin 14523 Whales, science, and scientific whaling in the International Court of Justice Marc Mangel ix Subscription Form

viii u www.pnas.org Contents Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021