Institute of Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
[email protected] http://www.itcp.kit.edu/wilhelm/ Introduction to Polymerscience Prof. Dr. Manfred Wilhelm private copy 01/2019 KIT – Universität des Landes Baden-Württemberg und nationales Forschungszentrum in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft www.kit.edu Content 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Literature 1 1.2 Definition, materials 3 1.3 Definition, polymers 3 1.4 History and nomenclature 12 2 Polymer chemistry 13 2.1 Molecular architectures 13 2.2 Separation/classification of polymers into classes 16 2.3 Typical monomers, polymers 19 2.4 Synthesis 28 2.5 Carothers equations 30 2.6 Kinetics 31 2.7 Size distribution in linear polymers for step reaction 34 2.8 Chain growth reaction, e.g. radical 38 2.9 The ceiling temperature 42 2.10 Suspension polymerization 43 2.11 Emulsion polymerization 44 2.12 Ionic polymerization 45 2.13 Anionic polymerization 47 2.14 Kinetics and molecular weight distribution of ionic polymerization 49 2.15 Copolymers 54 2.16 Coordinative polymerization 57 2.17 Constitution, conformation and configuration isomers 58 3 Polymer physics, physical chemistry 62 3.1 The lonesome chain 62 3.1.1 End to end distance, contour length 62 3.1.2 Radius of gyration 64 3.1.3 Random-walk and Gaussian chain 65 3.1.4 Entropy-Elasticity, basic idea 68 3.1.5 Deviation from simple-statistics for end to end distance 70 3.1.6 Kuhn segment 72 3.1.7 Persistence length (“how stiff is a polymer”) 73 3.2 Polymer physics of melts 75 3.2.1 The reptation model 75 3.2.2 The amorhous state 79 3.2.3 The