Determination of Aluminium As Oxide
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Safety Data Sheet
SAFETY DATA SHEET FennoFloc A 19 Ref. /US/EN Revision Date: 02/09/2017 Previous date: 02/09/2017 Print Date:04/20/2017 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING Product information Product name FennoFloc A 19 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use Use of the Substance/Mixture Recommended restrictions on use There are no uses advised against. Supplier's details Kemira Chemicals, Inc. 1000 Parkwood Circle, Suite 500 30339 Atlanta USA Telephone+17704361542, Telefax. +17704363432 HEAD OFFICE Kemira Oyj P.O. Box 330 00101 HELSINKI FINLAND Telephone +358108611 Telefax +358108621124 Emergency telephone number CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 CANUTEC: 1-613-996-6666 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification of the substance or mixture Corrosive to metals; Category 1; May be corrosive to metals.; Serious eye damage; Category 1; Causes serious eye damage.; GHS-Labelling 1/14 SAFETY DATA SHEET FennoFloc A 19 Ref. /US/EN Revision Date: 02/09/2017 Previous date: 02/09/2017 Print Date:04/20/2017 Hazard pictograms : Signal word : Danger Hazard statements : Hazard statements: H290 May be corrosive to metals. H318 Causes serious eye damage. Precautionary statements : Prevention: P234 Keep only in original container. P264 Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves/ eye protection/ face protection. Response: P390 Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician. Storage: P406 Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. -
A Critical Appraisal and Review of Aluminium Chloride Electrolysis for the Production of Aluminium
Bulletin of Eledrochemistry 1 (5) Sep.-Od. 1985, pp. 483488 A CRITICAL APPRAISAL AND REVIEW OF ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE ELECTROLYSIS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINIUM C N KANNAN and PS DESIKAN Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi - 623 006, ABSTRACT This paper is an attempt to examine the current state of art of aluminium chloride electrolysis through a review of all the available published literature and patents so that this could help the formulation of the plans of work for any serious R&D effort to develop the chloride te&nolcgy in this country. Even though the development of technology for aluminium chloride electrolysis is being carried out in a big way by ALCOA and a few other multinational companies for the past several years, many of the data and information are lacking in published literature and the answers to various critical questions have to be found only through inferences from the meagre information available in patents. It was therefore thought fit to undertake a thorough review of all the basic applied and R&Dwork that are reported in this field and critically assess the various problems to be tackled to evolve a viable technology. This review confines itself to the electrolytic aspect and those relating to the material preparation will be taken up separately later. Key words : Production of aluminium. Molten salt electrolysis, chlorination of alumina INTRODUCTION The most obvious advantages of the aluminium chloride smelting are 131 : he need to develop a new technology for aluminium metal production 1. Substantially lower working temperature (700°C) compared to Hall- T has been felt very much in the major aluminium producing countries Heroult cell (980°C). -
A Novel Method for Synthesis of Nano-C-Al2o3: Study of Adsorption Behavior of Chromium, Nickel, Cadmium and Lead Ions
Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2015) 12:2003–2014 DOI 10.1007/s13762-014-0740-7 ORIGINAL PAPER A novel method for synthesis of nano-c-Al2O3: study of adsorption behavior of chromium, nickel, cadmium and lead ions A. Shokati Poursani • A. Nilchi • A. H. Hassani • M. Shariat • J. Nouri Received: 30 April 2014 / Revised: 5 November 2014 / Accepted: 22 December 2014 / Published online: 14 January 2015 Ó Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2015 Abstract Nano-c-Al2O3 adsorbent was synthesized by Introduction the novel sol–gel method. The adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform Heavy metal pollution occurs during different industrial infrared and X-ray powder diffraction. The effects of sev- activities, and rapid industrialization leads to the increase eral variables such as, adsorbent weight, pH and contact of heavy metal concentration in the environment (Rahmani time on adsorption of chromium (Cr6?), nickel (Ni2?), et al. 2010). It can also increase the concentration of heavy cadmium (Cd2?) and lead (Pb2?) ions were studied in metal ions, such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), batch experiments. The results showed that the synthesized nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) and chromium (VI) in water nano-c-Al2O3 had a good capacity to adsorb Cr and Pb. resources (Aziz et al. 2008). The toxic nature of heavy The kinetic data were described with pseudo-first- and metals has caused serious health problems for human, and pseudo-second-order models. Three isotherm models, they can accumulate in the environment (Rahmani et al. namely Freundlich, Langmuir and Tempkin, were used for 2010). In addition, recovery and removal of heavy metals analysis of equilibrium data, and results showed that are principal purposes in industry and saving clean water Langmuir and Freundlich models were suitable for resources (Sharma and Tamar 2008; Neghlani et al. -
Aluminum Chloride 7446-70-0 >95
SAFETY DATA SHEET Creation Date 10-Sep-2010 Revision Date 27-May-2019 Revision Number 6 1. Identification Product Name Aluminium chloride Cat No. : AC217460000; AC217460025; AC217460050; AC217461000; AC217465000 CAS-No 7446-70-0 Synonyms Aluminium trichloride Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company Fisher Scientific Acros Organics One Reagent Lane One Reagent Lane Fair Lawn, NJ 07410 Fair Lawn, NJ 07410 Tel: (201) 796-7100 Emergency Telephone Number For information US call: 001-800-ACROS-01 / Europe call: +32 14 57 52 11 Emergency Number US:001-201-796-7100 / Europe: +32 14 57 52 99 CHEMTREC Tel. No.US:001-800-424-9300 / Europe:001-703-527-3887 2. Hazard(s) identification Classification This chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 1 B Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) Category 3 Target Organs - Respiratory system. Label Elements Signal Word Danger Hazard Statements Causes severe skin burns and eye damage May cause respiratory irritation ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 1 / 7 Aluminium chloride Revision Date 27-May-2019 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Precautionary Statements Prevention Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area Response Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing Skin IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. -
The Effect of Various Hydroxide and Salt Additives on the Reduction of Fluoride Ion Mobility in Industrial Waste
sustainability Article The Effect of Various Hydroxide and Salt Additives on the Reduction of Fluoride Ion Mobility in Industrial Waste Tadas Dambrauskas 1,* , Kestutis Baltakys 1, Agne Grineviciene 1 and Valdas Rudelis 2 1 Department of Silicate Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-50270 Kaunas, Lithuania; [email protected] (K.B.); [email protected] (A.G.) 2 JSC “Lifosa”, LT-57502 Kedainiai, Lithuania; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In this work, the influence of various hydroxide and salt additives on the removal of F− ions from silica gel waste, which is obtained during the production of AlF3, was examined. The leaching of the mentioned ions from silica gel waste to the liquid medium was achieved by the application of different techniques: (1) leaching under static conditions; (2) leaching under dynamic conditions by the use of continuous liquid medium flow; and (3) leaching in cycles under dynamic conditions. It was determined that the efficiency of the fluoride removal from this waste depends on the w/s ratio, the leaching conditions, and the additives used. It was proven that it is possible to reduce the concentration of fluorine ions from 10% to <5% by changing the treatment conditions and by adding alkaline compounds. The silica gel obtained after the leaching is a promising silicon dioxide source. Keywords: fluorine ions; silica gel waste; leaching; hydroxide additives Citation: Dambrauskas, T.; Baltakys, K.; Grineviciene, A.; Rudelis, V. The 1. Introduction Effect of Various Hydroxide and Salt Waste management and the reduction of pollution are the priority areas of environ- Additives on the Reduction of mental protection in the World [1–4]. -
Aluminium Distearate, Aluminium Hydroxide Acetate, Aluminium Phosphate and Aluminium Tristearate
The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products Veterinary Medicines Evaluation Unit EMEA/MRL/393/98-FINAL April 1998 COMMITTEE FOR VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS ALUMINIUM DISTEARATE, ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE ACETATE, ALUMINIUM PHOSPHATE AND ALUMINIUM TRISTEARATE SUMMARY REPORT 1. Aluminium is an ubiquitous element in the environment. It is present in varying concentrations in living organisms and in foods. Aluminium compounds are widely used in veterinary and human medicine. Other uses are as an analytical reagent, food additives (e.g. sodium aluminium phosphate as anticaking agent) and in cosmetic preparations (aluminium chloride). Aluminium distearate is used for thickening lubricating oils. Aluminium hydroxide acetate and phosphate are antacids with common indications in veterinary medicine: gastric hyperacidity, peptic ulcer, gastritis and reflux esophagitis. A major use of antacids in veterinary medicine is in treatment and prevention of ruminal acidosis from grain overload, adsorbent and antidiarrheal. The dosage of aluminium hydroxide is 30 g/animal in cattle and 2 g/animal in calves and foals. Gel preparations contain approximately 4% aluminium hydroxide. Aluminium potassium sulphate is used topically as a antiseptic, astringent (i.e. washes, powders, and ‘leg tighteners’ for horses (30 to 60 g/animal) and antimycotic (1% solution for dipping or spraying sheeps with dermatophilus mycotic dermatitis). In cattle it is occasionally used for stomatitis and vaginal and intrauterine therapy at doses of 30 to 500 g/animal. In human medicine, aluminium hydroxide-based preparations have a widespread use in gastroenterology as antacids (doses of about 1 g/person orally) and as phosphate binders (doses of about 0.8 g/person orally) in patients an impairment of renal function. -
Alcl3(G)=3Alcl(G) Reaction in the Subhalide Process of Aluminium (Study of Extractive Metallurgy of Aluminium (1))
Equilibrium of the 2Al(l)+AlCl3(g)=3AlCl(g) Reaction in the Subhalide Process of Aluminium (Study of Extractive Metallurgy of Aluminium (1)) By Takeaki Kikuchi*, Toshio Kurosawa* and Testuo Yagihashi* Equilibriumconstants of a fundamental reaction of the aluminium subhalide process, 2Al(l)+AlCl3(g)= 3AlCl(g), were determined by the flow method using argon carrier between 1000℃ and 1250℃. As a result of this experiment, equilibrium constants and standard free energy were obtained by the following equation: The heat of formation and entropy of AlCl(g) obtained from the experimental data and other thermodynamic values were -22,250cal/mot and 48.7cal/mol respectively. By the use of the equilibrium constants, the reaction ratio of aluminium trichloride was calculated at a reduced pressure and in argon carrier, respectively. (Receivedmarch 10, 1964) I. Introduction trichloride supplied to the reaction zone were applied Aluminium is produced by means of the fused salt previously. In this investigation, the latter method electrolysis using alumina obtained mainly from rela- was selected to obtain the equilibrium constants. tively higher grade bauxite. However, another 1. Experimental apparatus extraction method called the Gross or subhalide process has recently been investigated, and some technological The apparatus used in this experiment is shown by or industrialization reports have already been the schematic diagram in Fig. 1. The apparatus con- sists of an argon purifier, aluminium trichloride evapora- published. In this process, crude aluminium alloy is produced tor, reaction tube, and condensing tube of aluminium by reduction of alumina bearing ores with carbonaceous trichloride gas. Argon in a bomb was purified and reducing material such as coke or charcoal in the measured by passing through concentrated sulphuric acid, calcium chloride, soda lime, phosphorus pentoxide first step, and then aluminium trichloride gas is alld magnesium chip hea七ed at 400℃. -
Ep 3106176 B1
(19) TZZ¥_Z__T (11) EP 3 106 176 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.: of the grant of the patent: A61K 39/12 (2006.01) A61K 39/39 (2006.01) 11.10.2017 Bulletin 2017/41 (21) Application number: 16183076.5 (22) Date of filing: 06.12.2012 (54) ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN THERAPEUTICS AND VACCINES ALUMINIUMVERBINDUNGEN ZUR VERWENDUNG FÜR THERAPEUTIKA UND IMPFSTOFFE COMPOSÉS D’ALUMINIUM POUR UTILISATION DANS DES PRODUITS THÉRAPEUTIQUES ET VACCINS (84) Designated Contracting States: (56) References cited: AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB WO-A2-2009/158284 US-A1- 2005 158 334 GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR • SRIVASTAVA A K ET AL: "A purified inactivated Japaneseencephalitis virus vaccine made in vero (30) Priority: 06.12.2011 EP 11192230 cells", VACCINE, vol. 19, no. 31, 14 August 2001 13.03.2012 PCT/EP2012/054387 (2001-08-14), pages 4557-4565, XP027321987, ELSEVIER LTD, GB ISSN: 0264-410X [retrieved (43) Date of publication of application: on 2001-08-14] 21.12.2016 Bulletin 2016/51 • ANONYMOUS: "Rehydragel Adjuvants. Product profile", General Chemical , 2008, pages 1-2, (60) Divisional application: XP002684848, Retrieved from the Internet: 17185526.5 URL:http://www.generalchemical.com/assets/ pdf/Rehydragel_Adjuvants_Product_Profile.p df (62) Document number(s) of the earlier application(s) in [retrieved on 2012-10-08] accordance with Art. 76 EPC: • LINDBLAD, EB: "Special feature. Aluminium 12795830.4 / 2 788 023 compoundsfor usein vaccines", IMMUNOL. -
United States Patent Office 2 1
2,934,550 Patented Apr. 26, 1960 United States Patent Office 2 1. phenyl or vinyl groups. By “high molecular weight" I mean of molecular weight not less than about 1000. 2,934,550 The material reacted may be in the form of a poly PREPARATION OF CYCLIC METHYLPOLYSILox. siloxane elastomer composition which will, of course, nor ANES BY REACTING ORGANOPOLYSILOXANES mally contain one or more fillers, pigments, etc, or may PHORUSWITH HALDES OF ALUMINUM oR PHOS be in the form of a polysiloxane gum such as is used in the preparation of polysiloxane elastomers. Partially James Jack, Troon, Scotland, assignor to Imperial Chemi cured polysiloxane compositions may also be used and in tionAff." of Great Britain 9 EEE, England, a corpora addition, other high molecular weight linear polysiloxanes 0 may be treated by this process. The advantages of the No Drawing. Application December 8, 1958 process are, however, of most value in the recovery of Serial No. 778,609 elastomersHalides ofand aluminium gums. and phosphorus which may be Claims priority, application Great Britain used in this process include aluminium chloride, alumin January 17, 1958 ium fluoride, aluminium bromide, phosphorus trichlo 5 ride, phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus oxychlo 8 Claims. (CI. 260-448.2) ride. Aluminium chloride is, however, preferred, since This invention relates to the treatment of high molecu it is relatively inexpensive and does not tend to contami lar weight Substantially linear polysiloxanes and to the nate the products. preparation of low molecular weight cyclic polysiloxanes 20 The process of my invention is normally carried out therefrom. by heating the reactants together in a vessel adapted for High molecular weight linear organopolysiloxanes, for distilation and the low molecular weight cyclic poly example, such as polysiloxane elastomers and gums used siloxanes are distilled off as the reaction proceeds, the for the production thereof, are widely known and used. -
Absence of Skin Sensitivity to Oxides of Aluminium, Silicon, Titanium Or Zirconium in Patients With
Gut1996;39:231-233 231 Absence of skin sensitivity to oxides of aluminium, Silicon, titanium or zirconium in patients with Crohn's disease Gut: first published as 10.1136/gut.39.2.231 on 1 August 1996. Downloaded from J C W Lee, S Halpem, D G Lowe, A Forbes, J E Lennard-Jones Abstract obstructive lymphadenopathy. It has been Background-Some metallic compounds, proposed that this is caused by fibrosis of the especially of zirconium, can cause cell afferent lymphatics as a result of absorption of mediated granulomatous inflammation of microparticles of silica and alumino-silicates the skin. Pigment granules containing through the skin where people walk barefoot compounds of aluminium, silicon, and on certain types of soil. Particles containing titanium have been observed within silica, titanium, and aluminium are present in macrophages in the wall of the small microgranulomata within inguinal lymph intestine in health and in Crohn's disease. nodes of sufferers.6 Granulomata also develop Zirconium compounds can be ingested in in response to intradermal injection ofcolloidal toothpaste. silica in healthy subjects but these are foreign Aim-To determine in a pilot study if body granulomata and are clearly distinguish- granulomatous sensitivity can be detected able from the cell mediated response to small to compounds of these metals or silicon quantities of zirconium lactate.7 after injection into the skin of patients As metals and minerals are ubiquitous in the with Crohn's disease. community, a hypersensitivity to these sub- Subjects-Eight patients with Crohn's stances in some people rather than a direct disease known to have had granulomata in toxic effect is the most probable pathogenetic the intestine and not currently treated mechanism by which they may contribute to with corticosteroids, and two healthy disease. -
The Adsorption Characteristics of Cu(II)
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The adsorption characteristics of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the sediments at the mouth of a typical urban polluted river in Dianchi Lake: taking Xinhe as an example Xiang‑shu Ma1,2,3, Leng Liu1,2,3, Yi‑chuan Fang1,2,3 & Xiao‑long Sun1,2,3* This study is to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of Cu and Zn adsorption on the sediments of the estuary of Dianchi Lake, as well as the composite adsorption law of Cu and Zn on combinations of sediment organic matter, metal oxides, and organic–inorganic composites. The relationship between the adsorption contribution of each component of the substance. A static adsorption experiment was applied to the sediments in the estuary of Dianchi Lake. The relationship between adsorption capacity and sediment composition was analyzed through correlation analysis and redundant analysis. The results show that along the direction of the river fow and the vertical depth, the adsorption capacity presents a relatively obvious spatial distribution law; the change trend of sediment component content is not the same as the change trend of Cu and Zn adsorption capacity. The change trend of the sediment component content is not the same as the change trend of the adsorption amount of Cu and Zn, and the compound efect between the components afects the adsorption amount. The adsorption of Cu by the four groups of sediments after diferent treatments is more in line with the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model; When adsorbing Zn, the untreated and removed organic matter and iron‑aluminum oxide group are in good agreement with the Freundlich model, while the organic matter‑removed group and the iron‑aluminum oxide removal group are more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model; The adsorption contribution rate of organic–inorganic composites in sediments is not a simple addition of organic matter and iron‑ aluminum oxides, but a more complex quantitative relationship. -
United States Patent to 1 4,010,247 Wassermann Et Al
United States Patent to 1 4,010,247 Wassermann et al. 45 Mar. 1, 1977 54 METHOD FOR MAKING WATER 3,385,663 5/1968 Hughes .............................. 4231626 DSPERSIBLE ALUMINUM HYDROXDE 3,411,876. 1 1/1968 Michel et al. ..................... 4231626 3.41 1,877 1 1/1968 Michel et al. ..................... 4231626 75 Inventors: Martin Wilhelm Wassermann, 3,653,937 4/1972 Koenig et al. ..................... 423/625 Hamburg; Arnold Wilhelm Meyer, 3,743,709 7/1973 Shaw et al. ........................ 423/630 St. Michaelisdonn, both of Germany 3,839,536 10/1974 Sato et al. ......................... 423/630 73 Assignee: CONDEA Petrochemie-Gesellschaft 3,907,982 9/1975 Leach ................................ 423f630 m.b.H., Brunsbuettel, Germany FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 22) Filed: Feb. 10, 1975 562,372 8/1958 Canada .............................. 4231628 21 678,220 1/1964 Canada ......... ... 4231625 Appl. No.: 548,804 6,407,784 1/1965 Netherlands ...................... 423/626 30 Foreign Application Priority Data 1,062,124 3/1967 United Kingdom ............... 4231629 Feb. 21, 1974 Germany .......................... 2408233 52) U.S. Cl. ............................... 423/626; 423/629; Primary Examiner-Herbert T. Carter 423/630; 423/631 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Cushman, Darby & 51 Int. Cl”........................................... C01F 7/02 Cushman 58 Field of Search .......... 423/626, 629, 630,625, 423/631 57 ABSTRACT - References Cited Water dispersible aluminum hydroxide is prepared by 56) treating an acid dispersible aluminum hydroxide with 1 UNITED STATES PATENTS to 9 weight % of a gaseous acid. 2,377,547 6, 1945 Fuchs ................................ 4231626 3,207,578 9/1965 Brown et al. ...... A A 4231626 3,262,754 7/1966 Lindsay et al....................