In 10 ASEAN Countries
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Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in 10 ASEAN Countries 2018 Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in 10 ASEAN Countries Supported by The Office of the Thailand Research Fund (TRF) and the Royal Thai Police, 2018 Project Advisors : Mr. Nuttavudh Photisaro : Asst. Prof. Police Lieutenant Colonel Kasemsarn Chotchakornpant, Ph. D. : Police Lieutenant Colonel Phongthon Thanyasiri, Ph. D. : Police Colonel Anucha Sutthayadilok : Police Colonel Khemmarin Hassiri Project Manager : Police Lieutenant General Piya Uthayo, Ph. D. Researchers : Police Colonel Preeda Sataworn, Ph. D. : Professor Police Major General Veerapol Gulabutr, Ph. D. : Assoc. Prof. Police Lieutenant Colonel Krisanaphong Poothakool, Ph. D. : Police Colonel Kissana Phathanacharoen, Ph. D. Research Assistance : Asst. Prof. Police Lieutenant Colonel Seksan Khruakham, Ph. D. : Asst. Prof. Police Lieutenant Colonel Siriporn Nuchsamnieng, Ph. D. : Police Lieutenant Colonel Thanradee Donavanik : Police Major Kittipan Tantangjareonchai : Police Major Ratree Supapun : Police Major Chorn Phonpragit First Edition : September 2018 (400 Copies) Published by : Royal Thai Police (Royal Police Cadet Academy) 90 Mu 7, Samphran Tambon Sam Phran, Amphoe Sam Phran, Chang Wat Nakhon Pathom 73110 TEL : 0 3431 2020 Fax: 0 3431 1105 http://www.rpca.ac.th Printed by : Chulalongkorn University Printing House, Bangkok, Thailand TEL: 0-2218-3549-50, 0-2218-3563 Fax : 0-2218-3550, 0-2215-3612 “The views and opinions expressed in this book are those of the authors and are not necessarily shared with the Thailand Research Fund” National Library of Thailand Cataloging in Publication Data Piya Uthayo and others. Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in 10 ASEAN Countries-- Nakhon Pathom : Royal Thai Police, 2018. 500 pages. 1. Police Administration. 2. Police. I. Subject. 353.36 ISBN 978-616-8080-18-4 Introduction Public safety in Thailand, especially concerning crime, has been more challenging while entering into the ASEAN Community in 2015. This challenge has occurred with the factors of international connectivity, including information connectivity relying on modern information and communication technology, and transport connectivity. Such complex connectivity provides more convenient and faster travel. Thus, traditional security models may not be sufficient for the current context of public safety services. The Thailand Research Fund (TRF) has been aware of the importance of knowledge and the development of public safety maintenance in line with a changing context. This awareness is consistent with TRF’s strategies to support research which produces new knowledge and innovations. These new research products are to keep pace with or surpass global changes. Therefore, the Thai people can apply knowledge to create alternatives to country development. The book “Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in 10 ASEAN Countries” is a product of the research project “A Comparative Study of Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in the ASEAN Countries” and the research project “Knowledge Management for Police Administration and Laws in the ASEAN Countries for Public Safety,” supported by the TRF. The objective is to enhance Thailand’s public safety now and in the future. The roles and missions of the Royal Thai Police as a national police agency in charge of national security and law enforcement may change to face new challenges. In this regard, the department would like to express its gratitude to Police Lieutenant General Piya Uthayo, Ph.D. and the research team from the Royal Thai Police Academy for their dedication. They have collaborated and applied knowledge to compile this book. The book is expected to disseminate great knowledge widely and to shape an understanding about police administration or related laws on public safety within ASEAN nations. The TRF strongly hopes that the knowledge produced from this research will benefit societies and the country as a whole. The knowledge can be applied to create an understanding and preparedness for changes in public safety services within the country in the future. Furthermore, the knowledge will lead to measures and guidelines which are required to upgrade public safety for all sectors. Prof. Suthipun Jitpimolmard (MD) Director, the Thailand Research Fund Introduction The Public Wellbeing Division, under the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), has missions to create knowledge and promote the capacity building for researchers and researcher networks to ensure their expertise in coping with new threats to the environment, natural resources, and public safety. The goals are to produce knowledge to support policy decision-making and to enhance the capacity of society to address more complex issues. That would provide a proactive defense for future risk management through close collaboration among academia, policy makers, and other sectors of the country. The Division has been aware of the rapid change in the context of public safety service in different times. Especially, the transition to the ASEAN Community is a driving force for a rapid extension of the scope of socio-economic development. This development has resulted in a more challenging environment of ‘public safety’ in ASEAN nations for concerned parties. To create knowledge to foster efficient management of this issue, the Division has provided fund for the research project entitled “A Comparative Study of Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in the ASEAN Countries.” One objective of this research project was to analyze police administration policies and approaches for Thailand as part of the ASEAN Community. Another objective is to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of police administration and related laws of the 10 ASEAN member countries. Last but not least, the research also demonstrates operational guidelines for Thai police officers to efficiently enhance their public safety capacity in Thailand as part of the ASEAN Community. The research team has gathered insights into maintaining public safety of ASEAN nations. The term conducted a detailed and systematic analysis and communicate to the readers in an interesting way. This book contains data which are valuable to be disseminated. In this regard, the Division would like to express its gratitude to the research team and all concerned parties for their contribution to the completion of this research project and this book, which is entitled: “Police Administration and Related Laws for Providing Public Safety in 10 ASEAN Countries” The Division hopes that the knowledge contained in this book will contribute to an understanding by the general public, interested persons, and concerned agencies about police administration and related laws in ASEAN nations. I strongly hope that the knowledge from this research will support concerned parties to work together to develop and advance public safety development policies to lead changes characterized by efficient and effective operations in the future. Assoc. Prof. Chanathip Parino, Ph. D. Director, the Public Wellbeing Division Introduction Providing public safety from crime in these days is a task that is more complicated than it was in the past. Such complication is caused by the complexity of social conditions, economic growth, technological advancement, rapid and convenient transportation, and borderless communication. Unavoidably, such increasingly complex crime has challenged the way police officers exercise their duties on providing public safety in today’s world. Thailand is a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which is comprised of ten member countries. The ten member countries share either similarity and difference in various aspects, such as environment, society, economy and politics. The difference thus brings about alternative crime conditions and police administration. Furthermore, transnational threats to public safety are a key reason why each country need to learn from one another about the differences in circumstances, crime conditions, police administra- tion and laws of their neighboring countries for providing public safety from crime. The member countries can make use of the lessons learned for their own adaptation, development and preparedness in responding to crimes more effectively in the future. This research provides an insight into police administration and relevant legal systems for providing public safety in the context and circumstance of crime. The Office of the Office of the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), the Royal Thai Police (RTP), and police organizations from all ASEAN member countries have shared great support and contributed to the achievement of this research. All the participating police organizations allowed us to study their organizations, collect field data, and provide data and information for this research. In this occasion, the researcher team would like to extend our gratitude to them and strongly hopes that the findings of this research would benefit police organizations in Thailand and other ASEAN member countries. Hopefully, the readers are able to use the research for their organizational development and strengthening good police- to-police cooperation in combating crime together for our safer ASEAN community. Police Lieutenant General Piya Uthayo, Ph. D. Chief of the Research Project Table of Contents Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Significance