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CHAPTER 6: MEASUREMENTS Contents College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements CHAPTER 6: MEASUREMENTS Chapter Objectives By the end of this chapter, students should be able to: Identify terms used in measurement in both metric and U.S. customary systems Distinguish between 1, 2, and 3 dimensional measures. Convert U.S. customary unit measures. Convert between U.S. and metric systems. Solve applications of unit measurements. Contents CHAPTER 6: MEASUREMENTS .................................................................................... 1 SECTION 6.1 MEASUREMENT .................................................................................. 2 A. U.S. CUSTOMARY SYSTEM ......................................................................... 2 I. Weight ............................................................................................................. 2 II. Length.......................................................................................................... 3 III. Area ............................................................................................................. 5 IV. Volume ........................................................................................................ 6 B. METRIC SYSTEM .......................................................................................... 9 I. Weight ............................................................................................................. 9 II. Length.......................................................................................................... 9 C. REVIEWING U.S. CUSTOMARY SYSTEM AND METRIC SYSTEM ........... 12 EXERCISES........................................................................................................... 13 SECTION 6.2 CONVERSIONS ................................................................................. 14 A. CONVERT U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS ......................................................... 14 B. CONVERT METRIC UNITS .......................................................................... 17 C. CONVERT BETWEEN U.S. AND METRIC SYSTEMS ................................ 21 EXERCISES........................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER REVIEW .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements SECTION 6.1 MEASUREMENT We can measure different attributes of an object. Think about a desk. You can measure how high it is off the ground, how wide the seat is, the area of the desktop, and the space it takes up in the room. You can measure many things like length, area, volume, and weight. In the United States, two main systems of measurement are used: the metric system and the U.S. customary measurement system. The U.S. Customary System is derived from the British system of measure and will be familiar to you. The Metric system is more commonly used around the world. A. U.S. CUSTOMARY SYSTEM I. Weight When you mention how heavy or light an object is, you are referring to its weight. The tables below list common units of measurement for weight for the U.S. Customary System. U.S. Customary Measurement Ounces (표푧) Pounds (푙푏) Tons (푡) The table below describes a unit of weight and provides an example to illustrate the size of the unit of measurement. Ton Some species of whales can reach weights of up to 200 tons. Meat is a product that is usually sold by the pound. One pound of beef Pound makes about four hamburger patties. Ounces are used to measure lighter objects. A stack of 11 pennies is Ounces equal to about one ounce. 2 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements Media Lesson U.S. Customary Units: Weight (Duration 3:39) View the video lesson, take notes below. Unit Items that could be measured in this unit. Pounds Ounces Tons It is important to note there are different types of tons. You might have heard about the small ton and the long ton. The small ton refers to the U.S. Customary ton. The long ton is the British ton. The U.S. Customary ton is 2,000 pounds while the British ton is 2,240 pounds. The metric ton is called the tonne. It is 1,000 kilograms. In this chapter we will use the small ton. YOU TRY: a) Determine what units would be appropriate to use to measure the following weights. Item U.S. Customary Unit The weight of an elephant The weight of bananas The weight of a lipstick II. Length Length can be thought of as the distance between two points. The table below lists common units of measurement of length for the U.S. Customary System. U.S. Customary Measurement Inches (푛) Foot (푓푡) Yard (푦푑) Mile (푚) 3 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements The table below describes a unit of length and provides an example to illustrate the size of the unit of measurement. Some people donate their hair to be made into wigs for cancer patients who Inches have lost hair as a result of treatment. One company requires hair donation to be at least 8 inches long. Feet The length of your bed, couch, and table can be measured in feet. Soccer fields vary in their size. An official field can be any length between Yards 100 and 130 yards. Miles A marathon is 26.2 miles long. Media Lesson U.S. Customary Units: Distance (Duration 5:10) View the video lesson, take notes below. Unit Items that could be measured in this unit. Feet Inches Yard Mile YOU TRY: b) Determine what units would be appropriate to measure the following lengths. Item U.S. Customary Unit The distance from home to campus The height of a water bottle The length of an ant 4 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements III. Area Area is the amount of space within the boundaries of a 2-dimensional shape. The table below lists common units of measurement for area. U.S. Customary Measurement square inches (풊풏ퟐ) (a square that has 1-inch long sides) square feet (풇풕ퟐ) (a square that has 1-foot long sides) square yard (풚풅ퟐ) (a square that has 1-yard long sides) The table below describes a unit of area and provides an example to illustrate the size of the unit of measurement. A quarter is about 1 inch wide. Imagine drawing a square around a Square inch quarter. That square would be about the size of 1 square inch. Square feet The front of your school binder has an area close to 1 square foot. Poster papers are 2 feet by 3 feet. They are a little less than 1 square Square yard yard. The unit you use to measure area depends on the unit you would use to measure the length of your object. A tile has sides you would measure in inches, so its area would be measured in square inches. YOU TRY: c) What units would be appropriate to use to measure the following? Item U.S. Customary Unit The floor of your living room The area of a sheet of paper The area of a post-it note The lot size of your home 5 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements IV. Volume Volume is the space taken up by a 3-dimensional object. The table below lists common units of measurement. U.S. Customary Measurement Teaspoon Table spoon Fluid Ounce (푓푙 표푧) Cup (푐) Pint (푝푡) Quart (푞푡) Gallon (푔) Cubic inch (푛3) (a cube that has 1-inch long sides) The table below describes each unit of volume and provides an example to illustrate the size of the unit of measurement. Fluid Ounce The amount of liquid medicine is often measured in fluid ounces. Cup The volume of a measuring cup is one cup. Pint Cartons of ice cream are often measured in pints. Quart You often see quarts of milk sold in supermarkets. Gallon Gas is sold by gallons. Cubic Inch This is about the size of a stack of 15 quarters. Media Lesson U.S. Customary Units: Fluid Volume (Duration 7:20) View the video lesson, take notes below. Unit Items that could be measured in this unit. Teaspoon Table spoon Fluid Ounce 6 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements Cups Pints Quarts Gallon Example: The table below lists appropriate units of measurement for each item. Item U.S. Customary Unit The amount of water in a bathtub gallons The amount of coffee in a cup cups and cubic inches The amount of fluid in a drop of water ounces YOU TRY: a) What units would be appropriate to measure the following? Item U.S. Customary Unit The amount of water in a pool The amount of water in a bottle The amount of fluid in an allergy shot 7 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements Capacity 1 gallon = 4 quarts = 16 cups 1 quart = 2 pints = 4 cups 1 pint = 2 cups 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces 3 teaspoon = 1 tablespoon 8 College Prep Essential Math Chapter 6: Measurements B. METRIC SYSTEM The metric system is more commonly used around the world. You may have heard of kilograms, centimeters, millimeters, and liters. These are units of the metric system. The metric system uses three basic units: meters, grams, and liters. The meter is the basic unit of length. The gram is the basic unit of weight. The liter is the basic unit of volume. I. Weight Common units of weight of the Metric System are kilograms, grams, and milligrams. Media Lesson Metric System: Units of Weight (Duration 4:25) View the video lesson, take notes below. Unit Items that could be measured in this unit. Gram Kilogram Milligram YOU TRY: a) Determine what units would be appropriate to use to measure the following weights. Item Metric Unit The weight of an elephant The weight of bananas The weight of a lipstick II. Length Common units of length of the Metric System are kilometers, meters, centimeters, and millimeters. Media Lesson Metric System: Units of Distance(Duration 6:55) View the video lesson, take notes below.
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