Alumni Newsletter School of International Relations, University of Southern California * Winter 1998
FEATURES COLUMNS Director's Message Fall 1998 update on School activities, faculty searches and publications, new courses, and Gear up for the 75th the 75th anniversary kick-off. 2 BY JONATHAN ARONSON (literally!) 3
Changes to South Asian Security 9 BY DA YID KARL SIR and USC Alumni Asn. host this year's reception Claude Buss Remembered 4 Ross Berkes and Robert Dockson remember their former professor. 7 Center for International Studies update 5 "Do Not Fear Democracy in Taiwan" SIR Professor Dan Lynch on Taiwan's democracy movement. 11 BY DANIELLYNCH Faculty Focus 6
"Lonely at the Top" SIR in Newsweek 6 It's tough being a superpower. Dr. Steel address the trials and tribulations of being the only hegemon on the block. 12 BY RONALD STEEL EU Center of CA 7
USC is "Watching" Publication Profile: USC students and faculty initiate University Watch chapter of Human Rights Watch. Kick Laurie Brand 8 off event was covered by Voice of America. 13 BY ERIC GARCETTI USC Calendar is online 17 Anniversary Wishes and Good Advice SA VE THIS DATE! President Sample introduces Distingished Lecturer Senator George Mitchell, chairman Katzenstein lectures at SIR/ peace talks between Northern Ireland and British governments. 14 CIS on January 19th BY SHELBY URITZ 18
"New Perspectives-New Disciplines" Plus, Alumni Class Notes in The new Culture, Gender and Global Society emphasis has brought attention and innova center section! tion to SIR's graduate program. 16 BY LESLIE WIRPSA Director's Message
Dear SIR Alumni and Friends: Alumni Newsletter~
School of International Relations, USC 01 Fall 1998 A colleague recently asked me to summarize what we have accomplished this semester. As I thought about our activities, I realized that so much had Publisher happened that it was well worthwhile to send out the Display Advertising first winter issue of our Alumni Newsletter since Linda Cole Dr. Berkes' retired in 1981. Editor This fall our three faculty searches-Latin Shelby Uritz America, Security, and International Economics are progressing. We hope to announce new hires in Desktop Publisher the summer 1999 newsletter. Of course, for each Kathy Matthes search, we hosted all of the short listed candidates, each of whom gave a job talk to the expanded IR © 1998 SchooloflnternationalRelations, University of Southern California. All community. Bythetimewearefinished, we will have rights reserved. hosted eight or nine academic talks, in addition to CIS Director Laurie Brand's full seminar schedule. We also hosted three anniversary The Alumni Newsletter is published annu "warm-up" events: a pre-ASU game picnic in L.A., a presentation forthe USC student ally by the School of International Rela body and the Los Angeles community by former Senate Majority Leader George tions, University of Southern California. Mitchell (see page 10) and an all-University alumni reception in Washington, D.C. (see page 4). We identified two undergraduates to begin the new exchange program This edition is expected to reach over 4,000 students, alurrmi and friends of the with the Department ofinternational Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, School of International Relations through and began our joint building from scratch of our new European Union Center of out the world. We encourage alumni to California with the Claremont Colleges. contribute OpEd pieces and/or news re For me, the George Mitchell visitto USC this fall was a highlight. I'm still smiling garding their educational and career at SIR's ability to fill the first floor and front balcony of Bovard Auditorium with IR progress for future editions of the newslet students, faculty, staff, and friends of the School and that USC President Sample's ter. welcoming remarks were interrupted by applause and shouts of support from IR Please call, write, fax, or email Linda Cole, students at the mention of the School's 75'" anniversary. During the Q & A session, Associate Director, School of Interna all the student questions came from IR students. tional Relations, University of Southern The University of Southern California's statistics on in-coming Freshmen is California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0043. improving and impressive. Average SA T's of the Freshman class reached 1243 this year, and the word is getting out about our courses and students. SIR enrollments 213-740-2139 (phone) were up again this semester- this is especially good news for our under-funded 213-742-0281 (fax) [email protected] graduate students who have more opportunities to land T Aships as our class enrollments increase. The variety of classes is wonderful and changing. Just this year, we offered special topic courses to undergraduates on: Global Forces and Political SIR Staff Contact Information: Change; Human Rights and IR; Leadership and Diplomacy; and Espionage & Intelligence. Due to increased enrollments, Professor Lamy is teaching two classes Linda Cole, Associate Director, of IR 341 - his case based course. (If he hasn't returned your email or phone call this Career and Alumni Services semester, it's probably because he is teaching over 300 undergraduates in addition (213)[email protected] to his chores as Deputy Director of Academic Affairs.) This year more than eighty students are participating in the Teaching International Relations Program high Kathy Matthes, Tech. Consultant school outreach effort and another group of IR students, together with Visiting (213) [email protected] Lecturer Eric Garcetti, has inaugurated a University Watch chapter of Human Rights Watch. Matthew O'Pray, Prog. Assistant On a sadder note, I am sorry to have to inform you of Claude Buss 's passing just (213)[email protected] a few weeks ago. Claude was the first real Director of the School in the late 1930s. Ross Berkes and Robert Dockson were his students. We'd just begun to get reacquainted Luda Spilewsky, Admin. Assistant with Dr. Buss and in our few visits with him were completely awed by his expertise, (213)[email protected] grace, eloquence and delightful hum or. You may recall reading about his heroic rescue ~ by one of his students in last summer's SIR Alumni Newsletter and in the Trojan Tracey Tierney, Dir. Student Affairs Family Magazine. (213) 740-0772 [email protected] (See Director's Message on page 17) Shelby Uritz, Director's Assist. On the cover (left to rigut):Graduate students, Anjeliki Kanavou and Anita Schjolset. (213) [email protected] Graduate students kick off the school year at the SIRGA Welcome potluck. The SIR Signature: VKC tower and globe. Page 2 Winter 1998 Ph.D. student A Norwegian student, Anita Schjolset, the Carnegie Corporation of New York. hopes to return to Scandinavia to teach She will be authoring or co-authoring Anita Schjolset wins and do research after finishing her Ph.D. papers from this project exploring dif The Swedish Club's Walter here at SIR. ferent ways of explaining more or less Danielson Scholarship in Her work is in the general line of violent behavior in inter-group and in peace research pioneered by Scandina ter-state relations. International Studies vian scholars, focusing on ways in which Anita plans to use the $2,000 award democratic values can be realized more to finance two trips to International Stud internationally. Her thesis is an explora ies Association Conferences- one in tion of what kinds of regimes have more Texas in spring 1999 and one in Uppsala, peaceful interactions through time, with Sweden this summer. She told her spon a series of revealing statistical tests using sors that without this kind of financial historical data of a variety of regime support, graduate students often are un related hypotheses. able to take part in their academic com Anita is also the principal staff per munity's conferences and, as a result, son on Professor Hayward Alker's "Con have a more difficult time presenting their flict Early Warning Systems" research research and gathering constructive re project, sponsored by the International sponses. Social Science Council and funded by Gear Up for the 75th Anniversary !!! The 75th Anniversary is here and what better way to show your support for SIR than to wear it! We are offering a number of limited edition items to commemorate the 75th anniversary. A portion of the proceeds go directly I:';(, into student scholarship funds. Please support SIR in this very special way. They make great gifts! I Place your order with staff mem SIR Students, Pak Tang (MA '00) and Pam Hershey (BA '99) ber, Shel by Uritz. Visa, Mastercard, Discover or per sonal check accepted. USC Baseball Caps: Varsity Lettering, high quality, cardinal & gold. International Relations embroidered on back, $20.00 Order via fax at (213) 7 42-0281, phone,(213)740-6014orbyemail Polo Shirts: Off-white in color with quality USC Cardinal at [email protected]. Be sure to embroidery. Great for golf, tennis & casual weekends! include method of payment and $30.00 shipping address.
T-shirts: 75th Anniversary globe and USC insignia, $10.00 Send checks to: Shelby Uritz, c/o School of IR, Coffee Mugs, 75th Anniversary Globe with USC design. University of So. California Perfect for that morning cup of Bosco, coffee or tea! $10.00 VKC 330, University Park Los Angeles, CA 90089-0043
Winter 1998 Page 3 Alumni Reception, D.C. by Shelby Uritz
SIR worked closely with the Uni versity Alumni Association to ensure that alums from all USC programs were invited to the celebration. Director Jonathan Aronson welcomed the group, gave updates on recent USC events and emphasized that the SIR degree is as important as ever in today's global busi ness, non-profit and public sectors. One of the evening's highlights was Aronson's special greeting to one of SIR's most distinguished alumni, Am bassador Claude Ross, USC's first U.S. Ambassador. Dr. Ron Steel, USC Pro fessor of International Relations, also spoke on the challenges of U.S. leader ship in foreign policy. All around, the event was a success! (Left to Right) Director JonathanAronson, Professors Emeriti Paul Hadley and Ross Eerkes, and USC D.C. Alumni Club President, Doug Todd.
Although USC certainly has maintained its L.A. area presence, particu larly for SIR, our alums have careers that take them far away from campus. For many alums, Washington, D.C. has become their home. With over 440 alums on the Eastern seaboard, SIR felt that many people would not likely be able to return to L.A. for our 75'1i celebration events, so we took the celebration to them. On November 6'h at the Carnegie Endowment Building, Director Jonathan Aronson and the USC Alumni Club of the Nation's Capital hosted a 75'h anniversary celebration honoring three distinguished SIR emerti professors: Dr. Ross Eerkes, Dr. Paul Hadley and Dr. Norm Fertig. Eerkes and Hadley were there to visit with alums and friends of SIR. Almost 200 USC alums, friends and visiting faculty had an opportunity to catch up, talk about old times and meet new friends.
(Above) Director Jonathan Aronson and Ambassador Claude Ross.
(Left) SIR Professor Ron Steel and Alumnus Witney Schneidman, Ph.D.
For more information on the USC Alumni Club of the Nation's Capital, please call Mr. Doug Todd, Club President: (703) 780- USC5.
Page 4 Winter 1998 Center for International Studies by Mara Bird
The Center for International Studies (CIS) promotes advanced research and sus Center are organizing more events on tained discussion of theoretical and policy issues in international political and the European Union for the spring se economic affairs. It offers several seminar series that are free and open to the mester. public, sponsors fellowship competitions, and provides research support and For up-dates and more informa training to faculty and students on diverse projects with an international focus. tion on our Spring events please consult our website at http://www.usc.edu/dept/ Fall Events LAS/ir/cis/. The fall semester featured a seminar series on Culture, Gender and Global Society. This Introducing CIS series, coordinated with the launching of a new field of the same title in the School of International Relations, brought speakers Sandra Harding and Susan Okin to campus. Visiting Fellows Dr. Harding, a philosopher, addressed the question "Is science multicultural?", relating her answer to feminist issues. Political scientist Okin spoke on the topic of The Center for International Studies Vis human rights, looking at how culture, religion and female identity formation play a role iting Fellows forthe 1998-1999 academic in the definition and practice of rights. The Culture, Gender and Global Society series year are Andrew Green and Chuck Call. will continue with a lecture by Peter Katzenstein on January 19, 1998. Andrew recently deposited his disserta The Center also began its International Development series, hosting speakers tion and is now officially Dr. Green. Stephen Haggard, Eduardo Stein and Etel Solingen. The faculty series presentations Chuck successfully defended his disser by Laurie Brand and Peter Rosendorff focused on the topic of democracy and political tation this month. Congratulations to them development. Similarly, Spanish series speaker Aldo Flores gave a talk on structural both! Andrew and Chuck will be giving change and democracy in Mexico. The International Development series will continue seminars on their current research during in the spring semester with presentations by our Visiting Scholars and other speakers. the spring semester. Please check the CIS In conjunction with the European Union Center of California, CIS has co-hosted website for dates and times. a number of seminars that focus on issues relating to the European Union. For example, Lord Asa Briggs spoke on recent elections in Germany, France and England and the Andrew Green-Andrew earnedaB.S. possible impact of the domestic politics of these countries on the EU. CIS and the EU in Finance at Indiana University (1986) and A.M. and Ph.D. degrees in Political Science at the University of Illinois at CIS SPRING EVENTS -ALUMNI WELCOME! Urbana-Champaign (1994, 1998). His dissertation, "Civil Society, Ideas and January 19, Tuesday, Peter Katzenstein, Walter S. Carpenter Professoroflnter Policymaking: Building a New Frame national Studies, Cornell University,Topic: "Open Regionalism in a Global/ work for Democratization Research," International World", SOS B-40, 3:00-5:00pm, draws together insights from literature on political philosophy, democratization, January 27, Wednesday, Chuck Call, Center for International Studies, Visiting and public policy. Andrew's research at Fellow, Topic: TBA, SOS B-40, 12:30-2:00pm the Center is a rigorous examination of the relationship between civil society January 27, Wednesday, Michael Harcourt, Provost Distinguished Visitor, Topic: and democracy for a cross-regional set "Sustainable Development in Cascadia", Tyler Pavilion, VKC, 3:00-5:30pm (co of cases, analyzing emergent nonprofit sponsored with Environmental Studies Program) sectors, their involvement in (See CJS on page 10) February 3, Wednesday, Galia Golan, Visiting Professor, Topic: "Recent Devel opments in the Arab-Israeli Peace Process" UCLA, SOS B-40, 12: 30-2:00pm
March 24, Wednesday, Gojko Vukovic, CIS Visiting Scholar, Topic: "Democ ratization in Yugoslavia: Kosovo Factor" SOS B-40, 12:30-2:00pm (co-spon sored with the European Union Center of California) For more information about the Center March 31, Wednesday, Andrew Green, Center for International Studies Visiting for International Studies or any of the Fellow, Topic: TBA SOS B-40, 12:30-2:00pm (co-sponsored with the European above programs contact us at: Union Center of California)
April 7, Wednesday, Julia Havelin, PhD Candidate, Political Economy and Public Center for International Studies Policy, CIS Dissertation A ward Winner 1997-1998, Topic: TBA, Wednesday, SOS University of Southern California B-40, 12:30-2:00pm Social Sciences Building, Room B-1 Los Angeles, CA 90089-0037 April 14, Wednesday, Evan Schulz, PhD Candidate, School of International Telephone: 213-7 40-0800 Relations, CIS Dissertation Award Winner 1997-1998, Topic: TBA, SOS B-40, Fax: 213-740-1070 12: 30-2: OOpm (co-sponsored with the European Union Center of California) Email: [email protected] http://www.usc.edu/dept/LAS/ir/cis/ Winter 1998 Page 5 paculty Focus
SIR in the News Jonathan Aronson continues to serve as the Director of the School oflntema tional Relations. In addition, he has placed a number of Op Ed pieces in national newspapers on telecommunications and trade issues. TheKaplan/Newsweek1999editionof "How to Get Into College" recognizes the increasing importance of interna tional affairs. In their article entitled, Laurie Brand's new book, Women, the State and Political Liberalization: Middle "Get out in the East and North African Experiences (New York: Columbia University Press) was World,"theytalk ni~illlli~mrr:IHI, published shortly after her return from summer research in Jordan. The book is based about growing ..,.....,.....,Mliil...,,._m.J on her 1995-96 sabbatical research (Please see article on page 8.) During her two-and-one-half month stay in Jordan, Professor Brand partici ;~~=~::~io~~ HowtoGetlnto pated in academic workshops on both elections and on corruption, in addition to conducting research on state development policies affecting the tourism sector. collegesUniversities around andOOLLEGE While continuing to work on this project, Brand is currently mapping out a new the country are \/'n uJ1h ..·&"'>l.Scliuolfor'tOO book project comparing Middle East/North African state and private sector institu ./ StuUmt Claude Buss was the head oflnternational Relations from 1935 to 1940. He had retired International Relations from the American Foreign Service after a short career as an expert on China. President Von KleinSmid was delighted with his appointment and gave Buss the opportunity Shares in Grant to to build the department as he wished. Using other departments as well as IR, Buss Establish EU Center molded a curriculum that would relate to the subject matter found in the written examination for the American Foreign Service. Von KleinSmid hoped to rival By Ed Newton Georgetown, the popular school for aspiring Foreign Service Officers. Buss was lured away to Stanford and subsequently was to serve as secretary to Francis Sayre, the High Commissioner to the Philippines. After Pearl Harbor and The USC School of International Rela the fall of the Philippines to Japan, Buss was left in Manila to deal with the Japanese. tions has been awarded- jointly with He was interned, but a Japanese officer saw his name on the internment list, had him Scripps College and the Claremont Col transferred to Tokyo under the category "scholar/author" instead of the harsher leges- a grant to establish a center to "government official." That officer was Hideshi Maki, formerly a student of his at USC. promote understanding of the European When they met again in Tokyo, neither of them showed any sign of recognition, and Union. Maki soon got him placed on the list of internee exchanges that gave him a place on The European Union CenterofCali the exchange ship, Grisholm. fornia, one of the 10 academic centers to Along with Buss' wife, I met Claude as he disembarked from the Grisholm in be established nationwide, will be funded New York. Subsequently, he taught history at Stanford, San Jose State College, and by a $150,000 grant, renewable for three the Naval Post-Graduate School in Monterey. He had a stroke in 1997, but years, from the Delegation of the Euro continued to teach from his home in Palo Alto, the students coming all the way from pean Commission in Washington, D.C. Monterey to attend his classes. He died on November 16, 1998 at the age of 95. As Co-directors of the center will be one of his students expressed it, he loved teaching. For Claude, teaching was an Jonathan Aronson, Directorof the School exchange of ideas. He refused to lecture. of International Relations and David There was al ways something special about Claude. He was the youngest to earn Andrews, Assistant Professor of Inter a Ph.D. at the University of Pennsylvania. He was the youngest to enterthe American national Relations at Scripps College. The Foreign Service. He was the first to build an IR curriculum for USC. He was the one administrative headquarters of the cen left behind in the Philippines only to be rescued by a Japanese officer who had once ter will be on the Scripps campus in been his student. He could see the complexity of issues that seemed simple enough Claremont. to most. He didn't teach subjects, he taught students how to deal with subjects. The European integration is "one of the most dynamic trends in today's Excerpt from letter to Claude Buss' family by long-time friend, RobertDockson: world," Aronson remarks. "It is very important for Southern California to pay In 1939, I graduated from the University of Illinois and came out to the University attention to Europe." Andrews adds, of Southern California to pursue my graduate degree in International Relations. "the European Union is emerging as an One ofthe.first professors I me twas Claude Buss, a dynamic intellect who understood increasingly significant world actor." the workings ofthe world economy, particularly the Far East. I took all of Claude 's Ambassador Hugo Paemen, head classes and I felt we became very goodfriends. Infact, !was very disappointed when of the European Commission's delega he left to become Executive Secretary to Secretary Sayre in the Philippines. His tion to the United States, said: "The EU experiences during and after the War added greatly to his value as a teacher, public centers will be an essential, fortifying link servant and citizen. While we didn't see each other after the War, we did occasion in the chain of trans-Atlantic relations by ally, and after each visit I came away inspired, feeling that he was certainly one of building better understanding and coop the great men ofour time. It was nearly sixty years ago that I took classes from Claude, eration among our future leaders. We but his enthusiasm, knowledge and concern for his students will always be in my hope that, through the centers, more and mind whenever his name is mentioned. more American students will gain insight into the European Union and the Euro pean integration process, and take that with them into their working lives." Other European Union Centers will ' be established by Harvard University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and Duke University, the New York Consortium for European Studies, the University of Georgia and the Georgia Institute of Technology, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and the Dr. Claude Buss, Dr. Ross Eerkes and Dr. Robert Dockson reunited to dedicate our case University of Missouri. classroom in 1996. Winter 1998 Page 7 ~blication Profile When Laurie Brand traveled to the Middle (Faculty Focus -from page 6) East a few years ago, it was to embark on a study of organized labor. But she quickly Abraham Lowenthal keeps busy. found herself drawn into troubling ques In addition to his SIR teaching and con tions about the rights of women. tinuing research, including a recently "What was happening in the Middle published essay on "United States- · East and North Africa in 1991 was that, Latin American Relations at the ' during a period of liberalization, Islamist Century's Turn: Managing the parliamentarians in some countries were at 'Intermestic' Agenda," Abe is the found tempting to turn back certain women's ing president of the Pacific Council on "" rights,"saidBrand,DirectorofUSC'sCen International Policy (PCIP). ·~ ter for International Studies and Associate The Pacific Council is an indepen g Professor of International Relations. dent, non-partisan leadership forum, _g She also foWld uncanny similarities to headquartered at USC, which focuses ~ whatwasgoingoninEastemEurope. When on the international issues and relation 5: she looked for existing research on Middle ships most important for the Western Professor Laurie Brand Eastern women's movements, though, she United States. In less than four years, found little that was relevant. "I found my- the Pacific Council has attracted more self pulled into the project," she said. than 800 members, support from nearly Brand found that women have derived few benefits from recent reform move 30 corporations and 12 different founda ments and regime changes in the Middle East. "In country after country- Algeria, tions, and recognition as the western Yemen, Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan -the pattern has been similar. When authoritarian partner of the Council on Foreign Rela governments open up, even when 'liberal' forces overthrow an autocratic regime, tions (New York), the premier foreign women's groups tend to get left behind," she remarked. policy organization. Her book, Women, the State and Political Liberalization: Middle Eastern and In his spare time, Abe serves on North African Experiences (Columbia University Press), has just been released. In the boards of the Inter-American Dia- it she focused on conditions in three Middle Eastern and Northern African countries 1 logue and the Fulbright Association; found that, far from making long-term gains, women were, in many cases, being a~d he's recently lectured in Beijing, Buenos exposed to new threats. Overthrows of existing governments and political openings Aires and Havana; and he's just been · are "bound by no law of nature or politics to produce only liberal groups of actors," notified that the government in Brazil is she writes. awarding him a recognition (Grand Offi Brand has been traveling to the Middle East for 20 years, beginning as a cial of the National Order of the South- ; Georgetown University undergraduate. She is the author of Jordan 's Inter-Arab em Cross) reserved for "Ambassadors, l Relations: The Political Economy ofAlliance-Making (Columbia University Press, Presidents of Legislative Bodies, Gen 1995) and Palestinians in the Arab Wo rld: Institution-Building and the Search for erals and Admirals and other person of State (Columbia University Press, 1988). The latter book was also published in Arabic achievement with similar stature whose by the Beirut Institute for Palestine Studies in 1991 . 'contribution merit recognition'." For The Ohio-born professor began her academic career as a student of languages. good measure, he has just been ap She graduated from Georgetown University as a French major with a minor in Arabic. pointed an Astor Lecturer and Visiting "Through the language [Arabic], I got interested in the politics," Brand said. One of Senior Associate at St. Anthony's Col- . her professors at Georgetown suggested that she do something more "social lege, Oxford, from next May through sciencey" than studying languages. Otherwise, "He said I'd probably end up June. spending a lot of time with dusty books in a I ibrary," she said. She eventually earned Abe declines to reveal how many a Ph.D. in comparative politics from Columbia. She has been teaching international frequent flier miles he has racked up. relations at USC since 1989. Women have experienced a range of conditions in the Middle East and North Africa, Brand emphasized, from Afghanistan, where the Taliban is barring them from jobs and schools, to more liberal regimes, where organized groups continue to press for civil liberties. But regime changes in the region have often resulted in enfranchis ing conservative or fundamentalist Islamist groups who subsequently pressed for new restrictions on the rights of women. The small gains by women in those situations were wrested by activist groups. For example: In Morocco, women took advantage of a period of liberalization under King Hassan to initiate a petition campaign against the Personal Status Code (mudawwanah ), the law regulating marriage, divorce, inheritance and the like, and codifying numerous male privileges. Under the code, for example, a husband could legally divorce by (See Brand on page 14) Page8 Winter 1998 IR Alumni News June 1998 - December 1998 Ilris International Relations Alumni News section includes excerpts from IR alumni letters to faculty and staff and from post card and e-mail responses to our Summer 1998 edition of the SIR Alumni Newsletter. We hope to include even more alumni updates for the School's 75tb Anniversary Class Notes Summer 1999 edition. Please help us with this news gathering by sending any news you would care to share with other IR alumni- personal or profes sional, lengthy or brief, your own news or the whereabouts of other IR alumni friends. Here's how: via email to [email protected], by completing the enclosed postcard, by phone (213) 740-2139 or letter to Linda Cole, c/o School of International Relations, University of Southern California, VKC 330, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0043. Your re sponse can serve multiple purposes- to find and keep in touch with IR classmates, to finally tell your IR faculty mentors and recommendation writers what grad/law school choices you made, to hear if we have any interesting job leads, to find student interns, to volunteer for a mock interview session with student(s) or to correct an address for future mailings. M. Donald Aldrich (BFS '33) is now retired and Louis C. Kleber (LAS '51 IR) is "essentially re living in Oregon. tired" but has done some writing (published), seminar speaking, and recently lived in England Richard E. Barton (BFS '49) is retired (Victorville, for two years. He has spent about 15 years in Eu CA) "and particularly happy to be away from Wash rope with American firms. ington D. C. where I was with the CIA, Department of State & USIA from 1951-1957; was a lobbyist in Perry Spanos (B.A. '54, M.A. '56) wrote "Congratu D. C. from 1961-1966; and had frequent dealings with lations-finally we have a much needed alumni the Air Force, NASA, Congress from 1966-1976. newsletter- well done!" After serving with U.S. The "beltway" of today is trash." Treasury Department overseas (Hong Kong), Perry worked as director of foreign operations for a couple "Hi L: Thanx. for the mail. I wish my life style was of U.S. midsize firms and later headed his own firm more like Bill Gates or Don Trump. But I never had of international marketing consultants. Mr. Spanos, an aptitude for "wheeling and dealing" My son now retired, spends 6 months in Palos Verdes, Cali works for Continental Airlines and was in Israel for fornia, and 6 months in Europe (mostly in Greece). about a year overseeing the activities. I visited him "Any IR Trojan from 1952-1956, please get in touch!" there and we went sight seeing in Cairo. Saw the pyramids among other thinks like the making of "1955 seems like a past lifetime, but I was glad to papyrus. I wish we had the time to visit Luxor and reconnect with it when I received a recent School Valley of the Kings. Lots of temples and burial of International Relations Alumni Newsletter. I sites. One can see and learn so much on Cable TV, still have clear recollections of some exceptional so why travel at all? course with Professors Ross Berkes and Norman I My son's wife is expecting later on this month. Fertig, probably even have some classic textbooks .. My daughter and husband live in Escondido. My and class notes stashed away somewhere. After recent activities have not been too exciting. I sold graduating, I spent 4 years in the Air Force (Intelli my sailboat as I was buried in slip rent. I exercise gence Operations), and then shifted direction (and walking with my Cavalier Charles spaniel. I will try location) somewhat to obtain a Ph.D. in Clinical to take more time on the computer practicing spread Psychology from UCLA. I recently retired after 30 sheets. I can't make heads or tails of the C++ pro years as a psychologist counseling students at gramming manual. They are trying to make a pro UCLA, specializing in stress management, biofeed fession out of it. When I started programming the back, cognitive coping strategies, and conflict reso UNIVAC 1 you didn't need any prior training to lution. Same focus on tension-reduction, but in an learn. I am looking forward to joining the Half intra-personal and interpersonal realm, rather than Century club in y2k. Best regards," Bob international! I have attempted to integrate some 1 McClendon (IR '50). early learning with my later career by cultivating an C hanges to South Asian Security by David Karl On November 17, 1998, the School of In Dismissing arguments that the criminating between nuclear "haves" and ternational Relations hosted a lively governing Hindu nationalist Bharatiya "have nots," granting one class of states roundtable discussion on the evolving Janata Party conducted the May 1998 the right to bear nuclear arms while ob nuclear situation in South Asia. The prin nuclear tests for domestic political rea ligating all others to abjure them. The cipal speaker was Brigadier (retd.) Vijai K. sons, Brigadier Nair argued that devel CTBT's passage despite strenuous In Nair, executive director of the Forum for oping a nuclear arsenal was necessary dian objections, Nair maintained, con Strategic & Security Studies, an influen to protect India against a growing secu vinced New Delhi that the disarmament tial think tank in New Delhi. rity threat from China. Indeed, fielding a promises of the established nuclear A retired tank commander, Nair was nuclear deterrent vis-a-vis China is such powers were a hypocrisy depriving In deputy director general for strategic plan a strategic imperative that it outweighed dia of the right to craft weapons it might ning at Indian army headquarters in the the dangers that Pakistan would (predict need to defend itself in the future. late 1980s, a period when the government ably enough) match India's tests with its of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi ordered own nuclear detonations. Dr. David J. Karl, who received his doctor the weaponization of the country's nuclear Ironically, Nair noted that the re ate from SIR two years ago, chaired the program. Now a leading commentator on cent negotiations of the Comprehensive roundtable discussion. An article based on strategic affairs in India, Nair holds a doc Test Ban Treaty, which is scheduled to his dissertation on nuclear weapons prolif eration in Asia appeared in the Winter 1996/ torate in international studies. His disser enter into force in late 1999, helped shift 97 issue of International Security, the pre tation, later published as Nuclear India Indian elite opinion in favor of the mier journal in the security studies field. Dr. (Lancer International, 1992), was a com nuclear tests. Although the CTBT is Karl is now on the staffof the Pacific Council prehensive study of India's nuclear usually seen as a key element of the in on international Policy, which is headquar weapon options. He also visited the ternational nonproliferation regime, New tered at USC and is the "western partner" of RAND Corporation during his stay in Los Delhi has criticized this regime as dis- the prestigious Council on Foreign Relations Angeles. in New York. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY The CIA has positions available for applicants Applicants will work in the Washington, D.C. with backgrounds in communications, com area. U.S. citizenship is required. To apply, puter science, engineering, Information send your resume with a cover letter describ Technology, and military analysis. We also ing your qualifications to the address listed offer student internships in the above fields. below, or call our Job Hotline: The CIA encourages applications from alum 1-800-JOBS-CIA. We will respond within 45 ni and students. If you are a student, get an days if there is further interest. early start and apply early in your senior year. Recruitment Center It takes 6 to 9 months to process your complet PO Box 12727 ed application. Talk to a counselor or cooper Dept. FAUS00199 ative education coordinator to find out when a Arlington, VA 22209-8727 recruiter will visit your school. There is even the opportunity for living abroad. Challenges For A Changing World Please visit our Web site at www.cia.gov An equal opportunity employer and drug-free work force. Winter 1998 Page9 (CIS Visiting Scholars -from page 5) part of a Stanford University/Interna versity in August and is now working on policymaking processes, and the impact tional Peace Academy project on imple revising it for publication. Her disserta upon political development. This project menting peace agreements after civil tion, entitled "Mobilizing International provides an opportunity to refine this new wars. Norms: Domestic Actors, Immigrants approach to regime change and utilizes Affiliated Visiting Scholars and the State," examines the role of in recent research on nonprofit sectors and ternational human rights standards on represents a new line of inquiry in com Gojko Vuckovic- Gojko was an Affili state policies toward immigrants in Ger parative public policy. ated Scholar at the Center for many, Japan, Canada and Malaysia. Multiethnic and Transnational Studies at Amy has been a CIS Affiliated SIR Chuck Call-Chuck did his doctoral the University of Southern California Visiting Scholar since May, 1997. For work in political science at Stanford last year. He recieved a Ph.D. from USC the 1995-96 and 1996-97 academic years University where his work concentrated ('96) in government, management and she held an SSRC-MacArthur Peace and on democratization, international rela economics. Gojko received his M.P.A Security in a Changing World Fellow tions and Latin American politics. His from Harvard University. ship. dissertation, "From Soldiers to Cops: During his affiliation with CIS, The New Civilian Policing in Central Gojko will work on the issues of peace Geoffrey Wiseman-Geoffrey was a America and the Caribbean," seeks to and democracy in the Balkans. In par Fellow of the Pacific Council on Inter explain the emergence and nature of de ticular, he will put together workshops/ national Policy and the Center for Inter militarizing police reforms, drawing conferences on economic and political national Studies. This year, he is visiting upon a case study of El Salvador. change in Russian and the Balkans. SIR lecturer and CIS Visiting Scholar. He is currently expanding work on He completed his Ph.D. at Oxford Uni his dissertation to examine international Amy Gurowitz-Amy successfully de versity, on concepts of non-provocative norms on policing, especially in the con fended her dissertation at Cornell Uni- defense and is working on a manuscript text of peacekeeping operations, and is based on the dissertation. THIS PAST FALL, THE FIRST PHASE OF HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH University Watch pilot project was conducted at use. Laying the groundwork to develop the definitive human rights HUMAN research website, University Watch student participants RIGHTS conducted extensive interviews with f acuity members, administrators and student groups in order to assess the cur WATCH rent climate for human rights education at USC. The second phase of the project will be to establish a local student-faculty advisory council at USC to coordinate human rights events and information. Human Rights Watch would like to warmly thank visiting International Relations Professor Eric Garcetti for coordinat ing the University Watch project at USC. THE CALIFORNIA COMMITIEE OF HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH was formed in 1987 in the belief that the unique talent, influence and resources of California could be mobilized to support Human Rights Watch in protecting the rights of people around the world. Human Rights Watch is the largest U.S.-based interna tional human rights monitoring organization. We present ly work to defend human rights in 70 countries, including the United States. Page 10 Winter 1998 Do Not Fear Democracy in Taiwan by Daniel Lynch Immediately after Taiwan's legislative, In Taiwan today, there is much Even if Chen Shui-bian does an mayoral and city council elections earlier greater appreciation of the fact that a nounce a run for the presidency in the this month, the island's politically charged democratic government's most funda coming months, he is unlikely to play the citizemy began intensively discussing mental responsibility is to ensure its independence card. Already, his party the presidential elections of March 2000. people's comprehensive security. This suffers from perceptions that it takes too Will Taipei's outgoing mayor, the means suspending the feel-good issue many risks and is unpredictable, and also Democratic Progressive Party's Chen of asserting ethnic pride in the face of that among its leaders there are far too Shui-bian, run for president? If so, will cold, uncompromising threats from few capable people who can manage Chen call for a referendum on declaring Taiwan'saffairs. ShouldChenrunin2000 independence from China? What would on a platform that angers Beijing and be the implications for U.S. foreign policy The days of high-stakes alarms the United States, he is very likely of an elected Taiwan president declaring brinkmanship in Taiwan to lose, assuming the KMT is able to heal on the basis of a referendum, the aboli its own inner-party rifts. tion of the Republic of China on Taiwan politics are over. The days of high-stakes brink and its replacement by a new, indepen manship in Taiwan politics are over. The dent Republic of Taiwan? Certainly the Beijing. It means suspending the quest people speak almost daily through public U.S. could not easily dismiss such an for independence until conditions are opinion polls, letters to the editor and outcome, given its long-standing com more conducive. And it is precisely de radio and television call-in shows, and mitment to promoting democracy andself mocratization, including increasing me they clearly express a consistent desire determination worldwide.Yet equally cer dia freedoms that facilitate debate, that for maintaining the status quo. No Tai tainly, the cost to the U.S. of Chinese allows this consensus to develop and wan politician can afford to ignore this antagonism would be exceptionally high. take root. sentiment. No one in Washington or Countless American China special Before democratization, many Tai Beijing need fear Taiwan democracy. ists inside and outside of government wanese saw themselves as repressed by cling to the view that Taiwan democracy alien carpetbaggers from the mainland (Los Angeles Times, 12/21/98) is an irritating and destabilizing factor in who were corrupt and incompetent. Cer world politics. They sometimes go so far tainly the ruling Kuomintang presided as to lament the passing of the days when over an economic miracle and had begun dictators ruled in Taipei, dictators who to loosen its tight grip on politics. But still emigrated from the mainland after 1945 theKMTmightsell Taiwan out to Beijing and who, therefore, might be willing to at any time and for that reason the Demo strike a deal with Beijing that would elimi cratic Progressive Party continued to nate the Taiwan irritant. assert a vigorous anti-Chinese identity Naturally, Beijing, too, fears Tai well into the mid-1990s. They appeared wan democracy. Repeatedly, the Chinese willing to take great risks in angering media criticize direct presidential elec Beijing and endangering the Taiwan tions as implying that Taiwan is not a people's comprehensive security in ex province but a country. They also com change for public attention. plain that a democracy in which even pro Even today, theparty'sofficial plat Dr. Dan Lynch is an assistant professor in independence personages like Chen form calls for an eventual declaration of School of International Relations, USC. Shui-bian can run for office brings uncer independence. But the radical liberaliza He was in Taiwan during the recent elec tain factors to cross-strait relations. tion of the media now forces indepen tion. Dr. Lynch is currently conducting a But these fears are quite misplaced. dence supporters to debate objectively two-year research project in Taiwan, Hong Taiwan'sdemocratizationisin factaforce among themselves and with KMT sup Kong, China and Singapore on the role of for stability in cross-strait relations that porters just how wise such a course "oppositional cultures" in transitions to helps ensure the island's leaders will not would be. During this debate, a compli democracy. take rash actions that threaten regional cated, convoluted affair that turned white security. Inthepastthreeyears, Taiwan's hot in the mid-1990s, new consensus democracy has matured to the point that eventually emerged, evident in this genuine consensus has developed month's elections. For the good of around the notion that it would be dan Taiwan's comprehensive security, it is gerous and even foolish to declare inde best to play down ethnic divisions and pendence. Why? Because China would not pursue Taiwan's independence, even almost certainly attack, and even if the while continuing efforts to raise the U.S. and Japan weretocometoTaiwan's Republic of China's profile on the world aid, the costs of war would be enor stage. mous. Winter 1998 Page 11 Lonely at the Top by Ronald Steel Let's be clear about what happened in paradoxical, for the United States domi television's Sunday pundits would al the recent confrontation with Saddam nated the world in every realm: in mili low that. And the other nations of the Hussein. It was not the use of force that tary power, in economic strength, in world have not assigned Washington the brought about the agreement brokered cultural influence. We are truly, all of right to decide when, where and how by the United Nations; it was the threat us, living in an American Century. their interests should be served. of force. The difference is crucial, and But the very scope of that power Thus the United States is in the therein lies an important lesson. raises apprehension and stimulates re conundrum of its own making. The more For a nation with the virtually un sistance. The more the United States, that Washington speaks in the world's challenged power of the United States because it is so powerful, arrogates the name and demands that world's endorse today, the use of force is a constant right to act alone without regard to the ment of its actions, the less freedom of temptation. Sometimes it is unavoidable. wishes of other nations, or even in defi action it enjoys. Nobody, except its But it is not al ways appropriate, and there ance of them, the more it loses the own citizens, loves a superpower. To are times when it is self-defeating. legitimacy to act in their name. And behave like one is to invite criticism and The hardest part of statecraft is what has the United States been doing breed resentment. knowing the difference. The use of force these past weeks with regard to Iraq During the cold war it was differ is, in a real sense, an admission of defeat. other than acting as self-appointed sher ent. Washington's use of force was, for It means that a nation has found it impos iff of the world community? the most part, treated more tolerantly by sible to achieve its objectives by other allies and neutrals because it was ap means. And other means are generally plied in the context of the containment better, because force has consequences We're the world's of a greater evil. But with the disappear that cannot be controlled or fully fore ance of the Soviet Union, Washington's seen. last superpower. assertion of an international police In the case oflraq, the United States Are we having fun power has been treated less tolerantly. could easily have bombed Baghdad to The resigned shrug has given way, even punish Mr. Hussein for his intransigence. yet? among allies, to accusations of arro But even advocates of that course admit gance. it would not have prevented him from Washington officials have repeat There is nothing inherently wrong building more chemical and biological edly asserted that they were seeking to with being an arrogant superpower. That weapons, nor induced him to cooperate punish Iraq not for American purposes, is, after all, the usual definition of a he ge with United Nations inspectors, nor but for the world's good. Yet unlike in m on. But hegemons, because they throw weakened his dictatorial hold over his 1991, when the United States organized their weight around and assume that country. a coalition to liberate Kuwait from Iraq, mankind's interests correspond to their It would, on the other hand, have this time America stood virtually alone. own, foster envy and resentment. killed many civilians, inflamed Arabs This is America's late-century di Challengers arise to put them in against the United States, weakened lemma. Instead of being praised for its their place. Coalitions form to contain friendly regimes in the region and caused selfless defense of international justice them. Success breeds rebellion. The dissension here at home as television and morality, it runs the risk of being only way that a No. 1 can avoid this fate reports showed the victims of American accused, even by its allies, of acting like is to restrain itself and behave as though bombing. There are times-and this was an international bully-especially when it has less power than it actually does. one of them-when the threat of force it prepares to attack small nations, how A superpower like the United States, brings greater success than its applica ever criminal their behavior. in other words, can remain a global hege tion. In truth, no great power is without mon-what Madeleine Albright calls the But there is another lesson here as self-serving ambition. But if American "indispensable nation" -only if it refrains well that the United States, as the world's officials seek to wrap themselves in the from acting like one. That is what the most powerful nation, faces greater con mantle of morality, proclaiming them fracas with Saddam Hussian has taught straints on its freedom to use force than selves to be the world's conscience and us. Andthatiswhybeing No.1,aGulliver does any other country. This may seem enforcer, they invite others to hold them tied down by a thousand resentful to a higher standard than is Lilliputians, is not as satisfying as it is applied to the normal run supposed to be. Discover New Zealand and of devious statesmen. (The New York Times, 03/01/98) This is where the receive key information and Ronald Steel is a Professor of International over 80 contacts to help you trouble begins. For if the Relations in SIR. He writes a regular column plan your New Zealand power is really being ex on international affairs for The New Repub • • vacation. ercised for mankind's lic. sake, mankind demands Tourism Call 1-800-992-5494 some say in its use. But neither the Constitution, the Congress nor Page 12 Winter 1998 use is Watching On November 17th, the School of Inter it has a strong history of faculty involve eventually, an entire on-line human rights national Relations hosted five human ment in human rights and a number of course. rights monitors from four continents student groups active in local schools Following the launch of the Uni who were honored in Los Angeles by who are ideally poised to incorporate versity Watch page this winter, UW will Human Rights Watch for their brave human rights education projects into expand to five more campuses in the Los work promoting and protecting human junior high and high school curricula in Angeles area, chosen for their diversity. rights around the globe. Students and South Los Angeles. These are Occidental College (small, pri other members of the university com The first phase of the UW project vate liberal arts school), UCLA (tradi munity participated in an open dialogue at USC has been to conduct an extensive tional public university), California State with Clement Nwankwo from Nigeria, series of interviews with faculty mem University atLongBeach (public univer Marina Pisklakooa from Russia, Martin bers, administrators and student groups sity catering to a diverse student body), O'Brien from Northern Ireland, in order to assess the current climate for and East Los Angeles Community Col Mercedes Doretti from Argentina, and human rights education. A team of ten lege (two-year community college). The Shirin Ebadi from Iran. The event was student interns has interviewed faculty lessons learned from the USC experience also a forum for the launching of the members in thirty different departments, will help the project as it expands through Human Rights Watch University Watch collecting syllabi and offering resources out Southern California and beyond. Project. for human rights education to teachers. The Human Rights Watch Univer The second phase focuses on establish Dr. Eric Garcetti has been a visiting profes sity Watch (HRWUW) project is in ing a local student-faculty advisory coun sor in S!Rfor the past year. In addition, he has tended to promote human rights educa cil at USC to coordinate human rights been awarded the Rockefeller Foundation tion in America and to influence a new events and information. Fellowship where he explores democracy in generation of future American leaders HR WUW pilot project is also pull America. He has been active in promoting about the importance of human rights ing together extensive web-based re human rights activism in student groups. issues. On each campus that it touches, sources in order to develop what we hope University Watch will consolidate hu will be the definitive human rights re man rights resources, provide educa search web page. This will be a resource tional materials and encourage the in not only for students at USC but will be TVLe G Lot:Jl/!,L FuvictjbrWomevi corporation of human rights education a way of pulling students and faculty in co n,g mtULl/!,tes tVi,e SCVLOO L into the existing curriculum. from all over the country to join the Uni oj I viterVLl/!,tiOVLl/!,L ReL!/!,tiOVLS OVL This fall, a group of faculty and versity Watch project. Highlights of the Lts 75 tV!,A VLVLLverSl/!,Y!::J ! student interns, working under the close page will include an interactive "expert guidance of the California Office of Hu in-residence" (a professor who takes a Fouvi,ctect LVL 1987, tVLe G Lot:Jl/!,L FUVLct man Rights Watch and Visiting Professor one-week shift answering student and jbr Womevi Ls !/!, vtovi,-en,ctowect, Eric Garcetti, has begun to establish a faculty inquiries), links to regional and g Yl/!,vttml/!,k Ln,gjD uvtctll!,tW vi, p rovLct University Watch (UW) chapter at USC. topical human rights groups, the latest Lvtg jLex L11 Le, timeL!::J !1!,SSLStl/!,VLCe to USC is well-suited as the pilot campus, as Human Rights Watch press releases and, gYl/!,SSrootswornevt'S groups l/!,roUVLct tVi,e worLct . TVLe GLot:Jl/!,L Fuvi,ct VL!/!,S supportectwomevt's groups work LVLg OVL povert!::j l/!,VLctecovi,omLC l/!,U tOVLOm!::J, reproctuctive jreectom, tVi,e rLg Vi,ts oj seXUl/!,L mLVLOYLtLes, womrn's poLLtirnL pl/!,rticLpl/!,tiOVL l/!,VLct Lrncte rs VLLp, l/!,VLct tV!,e p revevi, tio vt ojvLoLevtce l/!,gl/!,LVLSt women,. TVLe G Lot:Jl/!,L Fuvi,ctjbrWomevi, Lsjb cusectovteVLl/!,!1LLVLg women, to pll!,Y ticLp ll!,te jULL!::J LVL !/!,LL !1!,Spects ojtVi,e Lr sodeties. To ctl/!,te, tVi,e G Lot:Jl/!,L Fuvi,ct VL!/!,S g Lvrn over $10 mLLLLo vi, to see ct, strevtgtVLevt, l/!,VLct LLvi,k l/!,Lmost 1, 1oo womevi,'s groups Lvtover 125 coun, trLes l/!,vtct te rrLto rLes . The G lol'.ltiLL Fuvtitjor Women, 425 Sh.ermliLVLAvevtue, Suite 300 PtiLloAlto, CA 94306 Tel: (650) 853-8305 Human Rights Watch monitors (left to right), Shirin Ebadi and Clement Nwankwo FliLX (650) 328-0384 at the HRWUW Kick-off panel discussion www.glol'.ltiLij'uvtGtforwomrn.org Winter 1998 Page 13 nniversary Wishes & Good Advice by Shelby Uritz The Presidential Distinguished Lecture Series, inaugurated in 1996 by President Sample, brings to campus noted contemporary figures "who have influenced the way we think about ourselves and about the world." Senator George J. Mitchell, a leading candidate for the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in the peace process, spoke of his two-year experience as chairman of the peace talks in Northern Ireland at the October 14th event. (A highlight of the evening came early in President Sample's opening remarks when his congratulations to SIR on its diamond anniversary was greeted with cheers by over 500 SIR majors in attendance!) The N orthem Ireland peace treaty signed on Good Friday this year signifies the first agreement between the British and the Irish governments, two countries with a long-standing opposition, Senator George J. Mitchell told an attentive Bovard Auditorium audience. "I hope you will save some of your time, energy and efforts to do something in your life in which you will receive nothing in return, other than the satisfaction of doing it, of helping others," Mitchell said. "For essentially almost every human being, life is an never-ending quest for respect." Mitchell spoke about his challenges in Northern Ireland. "It was by far the longest and the most difficult task I've ever undertaken," he said. "I sat and listened to thousands and thousands of hours of pretentious, repetitious arguments. But the (Brand - from page 8) Lord, in his mysterious ways, prepared me for the N orthem Ireland peace process. So when I went there, they marveled at my patience to sit and listen to seven-hour unilaterally repudiating his wife; women speeches, five-hour speeches." had no such right. Mitchell began his talk with a poem written by a 13-year-old Irish girl that A group called Union de l 'Action reflected the "overwhelming sense of anxiety" in N orthem Ireland. He related Ireland Feminine began a campaign to gamer a to a place where "history was so filled with tragedy" that it needed multilateral million signatures from people support cooperation to reach peace. ing reform of the code. But the campaign The Senator chaired the peace talks between the Northern Ireland and British attracted the attention of the ulama, the governments for two years. Despite difficulties of gridlock in negotiations and religious leaders, who denounced it. In continuing violence, a newspaper article, an Islamic scholar Mitchell was glad that wrote that the position of the signature both governments gatherers amounted to apostasy, a capi were able to reach an tal offense. "The unstated conclusion agreement on Good of such a charge," Brand writes, "was Friday by signing a that the women could then be murdered peace treaty that was without retribution." ratified by the major The king, concerned for economic ity oflrish voters in a reasons about Morocco's image in Eu "democratic referen - rope, stepped in. He set up a reform dum." commission that was dominated by con The 70-page treaty servative religious authorities, which covers a wide range concluded its work by recommending (Left to Right): DeanofFacultyJosephAounandProfessor Emertus of issues that deals only minor reforms. Paul Hadley at SIR dinner before Mitchell lecture. primarily with the fu- In Jordan, where progress for ture of Northern Ire women had been achieved in voting land. Mitchell said the agreement itself "acknowledges the legitimacy of both of the rights, a period of governmental reform competing aspirations" between the Protestant majority who want to join the United initiated in 1989 resulted in the election Kingdom and the Catholic minority who want to belong to Ireland. Despite his hopes of a Parliament with a plurality oflslam that the agreement would reach a "change of state" between the governments in ists, who sought to impose new restric democratic, peaceful ways, Mitchell said it would be "umealistic" to obtain the tions on women, including measures to complete absence of violence, especially between two standing oppositions who segregate men and women in public have long been in disagreement. places. Princess Basma, sister of King "There will be setbacks, there will be further tragedy," Mitchell said. "But I Hussein, subsequently formed an orga believe that the organized political crimes in N orthem Ireland that characterized that nization called the Jordanian National society for the past few decades will not continue. I think what's the hardest but the Women's Forum, a state-sanctioned most important thing is to change people's minds in the situation." group that in effect displaced the exist Students said they agreed with Mitchell's views. "I liked his viewpoint not to ing women's movement, which had to be satisfied with only modest reforms. (Continued on page 15) (See Brand on page 15) Page 14 Winter 1998 intervene through (Brand - from page 14) military force," said In Tunisia, women had been Heidi Soto Jr., a stu granted a number of civil liberties under dent majoring in com the autocratic but modernist president, munications and in Habib Bourguiba. Early in Bourguiba 's ternational relations. regime, whichlastedfrom 1956to 1987, "All the problems, all he instituted a relatively progressive these innocent people personal status code, which, among killed, it's senseless," other things, abolished polygamy and said Lamy Keller, a made divorce subject to judicial review. member of the audi ence. "They should find other ways." George J. Mitchell There are began his 14-year ca ( Left to Right): Alumnus Jerry Johnston ('54) and Director reer in the Senate in class differences. Jonathan Aronson at pre-lecture reception. 1980, stepping in to Just as in America, complete the congressional terms of Edmund Muskie CD-Maine) when Muskie was appointed U.S. Secretary of State. He went off to champion important legislation, wealthy women can including the first major acid rain bill, reauthorization of the Clean Air Act, find ways around authorization of the settlement of Maine Indian land claims, the Americans with Disabilities Act, Superfund toxic-cleanup bills and campaign-finance reform bills. problems. Today, the former Senate majority leader-who in 1987 admonished Oliver North during hearing on the Iran-contra affair that "God does not take sides in American politics"-was a leading candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize for his But after Bourguiba was deposed by work in Northern Ireland. After Mitchell retired from the Senate in 1995, President Zine Abidine ben Ali, conservative Clinton appointed him special advisor to the president and the secretary of state for groups pressed to negate those reforms economic initiatives in Ireland, thus beginning his involvement in mediating peace and impose more restrictions on women. negotiations. Brand compares women's role in For more information on the President's Distinguished Lecture Series, see the governmental reforms with their involve article in the November 2, 1998 issues of the USC Chronicle online at http:// ment in national liberation struggles. uscnews. usc.edu/HOLD/chronicle/Issues/98 .11.02_Chronicle/c _featurelist.html "Women have participated as fighters, bomb carriers and leafleteers, only to Special thanks to Daily Trojan reporter Edith Chan (SIR '00) for her contributions to this article. find, when the dust has settled, that they are to return to their homes, often governed by personal status codes and YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE other laws that are more repressive than those to which they were subject under the colonial regime." Brand found that the longevity of women's movements in any region, in cluding Latin America and Eastern Eu rope, depended on a number of ele Support grassroots humanitarian relief efforts in the wake of the Hurricane ments: the nature and source of the Mitch disaster. Relief International, working with local groups, serves the liberalization, the relationship between poorest, primarily native populations in Central America that have been most women and the state before liberaliza affected and largely neglected by traditional, top-down relief efforts. These tion, the role that organized women's communities need your support to begin rebuilding their lives, homes, and groups played in triggering the transi futures. tion, the relationship between conser Call 1-888-778-RILA (7452) vative forces and the regime, and the balance of forces on the political stage. for additional information or to make a contribution. But she emphasized the diversity Relief International (RI) is a pro-poor, grassroots, non-profit agency based in Los Angeles, of her region of study. "There are class USA. RI works with local communities to respond to the urgent needs of vulnerable people differences," she said. "Just as in worldwide. RI is registered with the nited Nations and the US Federal Government America, wealthy women can find ways as a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. (Tax ID#95-4300662) around problems." In Saudi Arabia, (See Brand on page 17~ Winter 1998 Page 15 New Perspectives; New Disciplines by Leslie Wirpsa At a time when trends like economic glo said the establishment of GCGS was mo der, religious, ethnic, class, national and balization, changes in Western hegemony tivated by longstanding concerns among even civilizational identifications." and ethnic conflict are presenting un several SIR faculty that "there is so much Drawing from IR, sociology, his precedented challenges to scholars of going on in the world that does not fit into tory, anthropology, philosophy of sci global politics, the University of South inter-national relations between states ence, political science, geography and ern California's School of International . . . the ethnic wars, for example, must be economics, seminar participants probed Relations is providing students with the explained in terms of culture." She said everything from Samuel Huntington's cutting edge tools they need to design, the discipline of IR in the United States Clash of Civilizations to Chandra as Professor Ann Tickner put it, "new has often overlooked important trends Mohanty' s "Under Western Eyes." ways of thinking about the world." because of its own state-centric bias. Sandra Harding's Is Science Multi Critical theorists, like Frederick cultural? accentuated the need for a Kratochwil, claim this narrowed vision, greater diversity of sophisticated meth Certain! y the field has with its emphasis on stability and regu odological approaches in IR, position larity, has left generations of IR scholars ing the dominant Wes tern tradition resisted gender. poorly equipped to deal with many of the within a spectrum of "local knowledge Most scholars don't see pressing issues of a post Cold War world. systems," each of which is essential if In fact, Kratochwil claims that because of researchers are to obtain "strong" sci the field as gendered this 1imited vantage point, IR theorists, to entific objectivity. the great embarrassment of many, did not SIR Ph.D. student Mara Bird gave or think it has anything detect "the new conception of empower her assessment of the course: "I think to do with IR. ment" present in domestic culture and this is the real meat ofIR. It addresses all identity that contributed to the breakup the issues from non-governmental and Continuing SIR's 75 year tradition of the Soviet Bloc and the reunification of transnational social movements- issues of innovation, Professors Tickner and Germany. YosefLapid, editor of The Re like post-colonialism and cultural imperi Hayward Alker launched a new "domain" turn ofCulture and Identity in IR Theory, alism- that are only marginally addressed for the graduate SIR curriculum during asserts that a turn toward culture and by other courses." the fall 1998 semester: Gender, Culture identity will "yield a profoundly revital GCGS students were able to dis and Global Society (GCGS). This ized IR theoretical enterprise." cuss seminar topics directly with four of multidisciplinary approach, which exam If the core GCGS seminar is any the scholars on their syllabus, thanks to ines "the ways in which cultural identifi indication, SIR graduate students are a concurrent seminar series hosted by cations have (re-)emerged or (re-)asserted definitely preparing themselves to forge USC's Center for International Studies. themselves in response to the globaliza vital new paths in their field. The course Fulfilling its mission to "promote ad tion of the modem, Western 'interna syllabus itself is a lesson in interdiscipli vanced research and sustained discus tional society of states' and its associ nary learning for a contradictory, global sion of theoretical and policy issues in ated relationships," is presently the only world: "Some analysts point towards the international affairs," CIS sponsored one of its kind in IR departments through emergence of a cosmopolitan, macro-re events with Sandra Harding, a professor out the United States. "Gender and cul gional and global society of nations, at the University of California, Los Ange ture are not considered generally by IR," states, peoples, firms, markets and gov les' Department of Education and Direc said Tickner, the ground-breaking au ernmental and non-governmental inter torof the Center forthe Study of Women; thor of Gender in International Rela national organizations; others see in with Susan Orkin, Stanford University's tions. "Certainly the field has resisted creasingly divisive and fragmented gen- Marta Sutton Weeks Professor of Eth gender. ics in Society; with New Mexico State's Most schol Professor of Political Science, Y osef ars don't Lapid; and with Cornell University's Pro see the field fessor of Political Science, Peter as gendered Katzenstein. or think that Tickner assessed the importance of it has any this endeavor for SIR: "It shows we are a thing to do place where you can do non-conven with IR." tionalIR theory. We are a very pluralistic Tickner, department." who taught the first core Leslie Wirpsa is a Ph.D student in the School graduate ofIR . She was a freelance reporter based in seminar in Bogota, Colombia, before coming to SIR She the domain is also the coordinator for TIRP. this year, Professors Ann Tickner and Laurie Brand at UCLA Professor Sandra Harding CIS lecture. Page 16 Winter 1998 use Online (Brand -from page 15) ..... Fil' Edit Vll!W Go ~ Help s 44"" A new on-line data D -- :77771 NetscApe:USCEventsCalendar ~~ women must be covered fully and base calendar that veiled, while in Jordan, in some areas, will provide compre they can dress in jeans and T-shirts. hensive information Brand said that Western women on public events on often express horror at women's status . both campuses and in the Middle East. "You have to put it selected events on in context," she said. "We assume that both campuses and we're all striving for the same things. Technologlcal Visions; Utopian and Dystopian Perspedives selected events in But there are differences in goals. Not @, ftrtl tn~tr ) cn;u.. e«ir...-.c...,.,tr nearby communities ':00...,to:i:OOpm that Middle Eastern women prefer re Mm~loll: rr H . CI Ptrt Jonathan Aronson Winter 1998 Page 17 For USC Alumni and Students A one-year ( 4 issue) subscription to FOREIGN POLICY for only $17.50. Save 4 7o/o off FOREIGN POLICY the regular subscription rate! Please Print D Payment enclosed: D Check D Charge my: O Amex O MasterCard O Visa ADDHESS ______CARDNO ·------~ CITY ______STATE ____ ZIP _____ SIGNATURE ______EXP. DATE --- COUNTRY______PHONE(opt.)______D Bill me later Please mail this coupon to: For evt-n faster service, FOREIGN POLICY Canada add $8. Other fo reign countries add $13. P.O. Box 56616 call 800-678-0916 Satisfaction gua rantet>d or your money back 011 Boulder, CO 80322-6616 or fax to 202-483-4430 all unmailed issues. 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