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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT TANAMAN LUMUT HATI Marchantia Emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT TANAMAN LUMUT HATI Marchantia Emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT TANAMAN LUMUT HATI Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees SKRIPSI NURILLAH DWI NOVARIENTI NIM : 1113102000058 PROGRAM STUDI FARMASI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN JAKARTA OKTOBER 2017 COVER UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT TANAMAN LUMUT HATI Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Farmasi NURILLAH DWI NOVARIENTI NIM : 1113102000058 PROGRAM STUDI FARMASI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN JAKARTA OKTOBER 2017 ii ABSTRAK Nama : Nurillah Dwi Novarienti Program Studi : Farmasi Judul : Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Isolat Kapang Endofit Tanaman Lumut Hati Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees Indonesia memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah dan beragam berasal dari darat dan laut. Sumber daya alam hayati tersebut dapat dieksplorasi sebagai bahan obat, baik yang bersumber dari tanaman, hewan maupun mikroorganisme. Kapang endofit merupakan sumber daya mikroba yang tumbuh di dalam jaringan tanaman yang dapat menghasilkan senyawa yang memiliki khasiat sama dengan tanaman inangnya. Tanaman lumut hati Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees merupakan salah satu spesies Marchantia yang diketahui merupakan sebagai sumber antioksidan alami yang mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin dan senyawa fenolik. Antioksidan adalah senyawa yang mampu menangkap atau meredam dampak negatif oksidan dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi kapang endofit yang terdapat di dalam tanaman lumut hati Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees dan menguji aktivitasnya sebagai antioksidan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu isolasi kapang endofit, pemurnian, karakterisasi, fermentasi, ekstraksi dan uji aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh 6 isolat. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan vitamin C digunakan sebagai standar. Pengujian secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa seluruh ekstrak metanol, n-heksan dan etil asetat positif memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Ekstrak kapang endofit MEB1 memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang baik secara kualitatif. Pengujian secara kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa kapang endofit MEB1 memiliki nilai Inhibition Concentration (IC50) ekstrak metanol sebesar 720,45 ppm dan ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 48,02 ppm. Kata Kunci: kapang endofit, tanaman lumut hati, Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees, aktivitas antioksidan, DPPH vi ABSTRACT Name : Nurillah Dwi Novarienti Major : Pharmacy Title : Antioxidant Activities Evaluation of Isolates Endophytic Fungi of Liverworts Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees Indonesia has abundant and diverse natural resources from land and sea. These biological natural resources can be explored as medicinal materials of a well sourced from plants, animals or microorganisms. Endophytic fungi is a microbial resource which grows in plant tissues that can produce compounds that have the same efficacy as the host plant. Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees is one of the Marchantia species, which known to contain natural antioxidants, such as flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. Antioxidants are compounds that capable of capturing or reducing the negative effects of oxidants in the body. This study aims to isolate the endophytic fungi which contained in the liverworts of Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees and evaluate their antioxidant activities. The method used in this study were isolation of endophytic fungi, purification, characterization, fermentation, extraction and evaluation antioxidant activities of isolates of endophytic fungi. The results of this study obtained 6 isolates. Antioxidant activities evaluation using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and vitamin C used as standard. The qualitative evaluation showed that all methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts have antioxidant activities. Endophytic fungi MEB1 extract has good qualitative antioxidant activities. The quantitative evaluation showed that endophytic fungi MEB1 have value of Inhibition Concentration (IC50) methanol extract is 720,45 ppm and ethyl acetate extract is 48,02 ppm. Keywords: Endophytic fungi, liverworts, Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees, antioxidant activity, DPPH vii KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. Segala puji dan syukur Penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT atas keberkahan berupa limpahan rahmat, rezeki, hidayah dan pertolongan-Nya. Tak lupa shalawat serta salam senantiasa tercurahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penelitian untuk laporan Tugas Akhir ini dengan judul “Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Isolat Kapang Endofit Tanaman Lumut Hati Marchantia emarginata Reinw., Blume & Nees”. Penulisan skripsi ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Farmasi di Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penyususan dan pembuatan skripsi ini mengalami kesulitan tanpa bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Dengan segala kerendahan hati, perkenankanlah penulis menyampaikan ucapan terimakasih yang ditujukan kepada: 1. Pemerintah Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin yang telah memberikan beasiswa penuh selama penulis menempuh masa perkuliahan. 2. Ibu Ismiarni Komala, Ph.D., Apt dan Prof. Dr. Atiek Soemiati, M.Si., Apt selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah bersedia membimbing, memberikan ide, saran dan arahan, serta dukungan kepada penulis selama pelaksanaan penelitian dan penyusunan skripsi. 3. Bapak Prof. Dr. H. Arief Sumantri, M.Kes., selaku dekan Fakultas kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 4. Ibu Nurmeilis, M.Si., Apt selaku Ketua Program Studi Farmasi dan Ibu Nelly Suryani, Ph.D., Apt selaku Sekretaris Program Studi FKIK UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 5. Bapak Hendri Aldrat, Ph.D., Apt dan Bapak Saiful Bahri, M.Si selaku dosen penguji yang telah sangat membantu penulis dalam menyempurnakan skripsi ini. viii 6. Yang tercinta Bapak Sumartono dan Ibu Tutur, Mba Lina, Aji, Kurnia, Adon dan Sasa, serta seluruh keluarga yang telah memberikan do’a, bantuan, dukungan, keceriaan dan semangat yang tiada henti-hentinya kepada penulis. 7. Bapak dan Ibu Dosen program studi farmasi yang telah membagikan ilmu dan pengetahuan yang sangat bermanfaat. 8. Ka Walid, Mba Rani, Ka Eris, Ka Tiwi, Ka Yaenab, dan Ka Rahmadi yang telah memberikan bantuan selama masa penelitian di laboratorium farmasi. 9. Teman-teman penelitian lumut Aisyah, Tika, Hasan khususnya endofit lumut Puspa dan Yaya yang selalu siap mendengarkan keluh kesah, memberikan saran dan semangat serta menjadi motivasi terbesar bagi penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 10. Teman-teman penelitian mikrobiologi kaka Vita, Ajeng, Lisa Fizi, kaka Tewe, Aulia, Teh Anggi, Ghifar, Abbas, Rizal dan angkatan 2013 khususnya sahabat farmasiku Medika, Visa, Auliyani, Enjah, Riris, Upi, Lulu, dan Afri, yang telah membagikan ilmu serta membantu penulis selama perkuliahan dan penelitian. 11. Sahabat kecilku yuksok Novi dan ddcik Eka, bblku Icha, kaka Lisa, Revi, Amrilla, serta sahabat alumni MAN 1 Muba Suparlin, Defi, Egi, Miftah dan Jeri, yang selalu memberikan do’a dan semangat kepada penulis. 12. Keluarga As-Shof (SJD) Musi Banyuasin khususnya angkatan 2013 Fitria, Tiara, yuk Rani dan Sandy, yang telah menjadi teman dan keluarga diperantauan. 13. Terakhir semua pihak yang telah membantu penulis yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu. Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari bahwa masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dan kelemahan serta jauh dari kata sempurna. Namun penulis yakin skripsi ini adalah salah satu kebanggaan tersendiri bagi penulis dan penulis berharap skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat. Jakarta, September 2017 Penulis ix DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL…… ..................................................................................... ii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................... iii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ................................................ iv HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... v ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vi ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vii KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ viii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI.......................... x DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xiv DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xv DAFTAR SINGKATAN .................................................................................... xvi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................... xvii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................. 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 Batasan dan Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................... 3 1.3 Tujuan
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