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Report from Central America, México, and the Caribbean

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Report from Central America, México, and the Caribbean Report from Central America, México, and the Caribbean By Juan Carlos Peláez Chávez (Cuban Meteorological Ins;tute) and Geir Braathen (WMO-GAW) Mexico and Cuba Mexico Cuba • Measurements of total • Observaons by ozone and UV radiaon Cuban Meteorological in Mexico City Ins;tute (INSMET) • Total Ozone at one • Measurements of locaon (Solar Radiaon total ozone and UV Observatory,UNAM) radiaon in Havana • UV surface irradiance at Staon 8 staons in Mexico City • Planned: UV Network (8 staons) Mexico City UV Sta=ons Program of UV measurements in Mexico City carried out by RAMA (Red Automáca de Monitoreo Ambiental) under metrological control of Solar Radiaon Observatory, UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) Total Ozone Measurements at Havana Sta=on with Dobson No.67 Cuban Meteorological Ins;tute carried out total ozone measurements from 1984 to 2000 with a filter ozonometer. A\er 2000 total ozone measurements have been realized by Dobson Instrument # 67. This instrument took part in the 2003, 2006 and 2010 Dobson intercomparisions in Buenos Aires, Argen;na. UVB Solar Radiation Measurements at Havana Station Data Repor=ng to WOUDC Mexico Cuba • Monthly résumés of • Monthly resumes of the TOC the TOC measurements made measurements made at Havana staon at Havana staon (STN 192) up to April (STN 311) up to March 2000 are available at 2011 have been sent WOUDC to WOUDC, and can be consulted at hp://es- ee.tor.ec.gc.ca/cgi- bin/totalozone/ FUTURE PLANS Cuba Mexico • Following one of the recommenda=ons • It is proposed to connue related to Surface Networks at the 7th with the measurements of ORM, where one asks for the establishment of new staons for the total ozone in Mexico City monitoring of UV radiaon in tropical • It is proposed to interact regions, this year (2011) we expect to with the Naonal establish a UV sta=ons network based on UVA and UVB solar radiaon Meteorological Service to instruments. The staons are located at extend the measurements the same places as the already installed of the solar ultraviolet automac meteorological staons, which radiaon to the whole measure, in addion, the global component of solar irradiance. It's naonal territory on the important to state that most of the basis of the exisng instruments that we are using use meteorological staons termopiles as sensor devices, therefore in the topic related to needs, we request some internaonal collaboraon to allow us replacing these instruments by others of higher quality and known performance (Broad band radiometers specifically). Cuba expects to establish a UVB and UVA sta=ons Network in 2011 NEEDS AND • We wish to highlight that for the tropical region RECOMMENDATIONS where we stand, UV levels are high. On the other hand the “SPARC Report on the Evalua=on of It's important to state that skin Chemistry Climate Models”, (Final Review cancer is the fastest growing Mee=ng in Toledo, Spain, November 9-11, 2009) cancer type in Cuba, so health state that models consistently predict a par=al authories pay great aenon to recovery of tropical ozone followed by a all factors that might influence decrease in the second half of the 21st century, the behavior of this pathology, such that the tropical column of ozone is amongst them, the levels of UV predicted not even to return to 1980s values radiaon. In addion, the within this century; the long-term decrease is greatest number of medical mainly found in the lower stratosphere. It is consultaons given to vising important that calibraon of UV monitoring tourists is related to skin injuries instruments be made with a periodicity of two due to extensive exposure to years or becer, and that in the same manner in solar radiaon. Increased which Dobson spectrophotometers are knowledge of UV solar radia=on thoroughly analyzed, UV radiometers are fully levels would improve not only inves;gated. In other words, not only a the general health of our comparison with some reference instrument, but populaon, but also that of an analysis of the spectral response and other vising foreigners, mostly from characteris;cs of the instruments. According to Europe and Canada. all of this, we consider that it is necessary to establish a Regional Reference and Calibraon Laboratory for UV instrument for WMO Regions III and IV. • It's also important that through the NEEDS AND Vienna Conven;on Trust Fund for RECOMMENDATIONS Research and Systemac Observaons, UNEP’s Compliance Assistance Programme (CAP) or other funding sources, the par;cipaon of personnel from our region (Mexico and Cuba) to the excellent training course that specialists from SOO Hradec Kralove at the Czech Republic offered be enabled. • We would like to propose also that developing countries could count on internaonal funds that allow them to par;cipate at workshops and Symposia. .
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